Zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites as well as preparation method and application of zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of flow batteries, and particularly relates to a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites as well as a preparation method and application of the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte. Comprising the following steps: mixing zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethyl morpholine bromide and ammonium isethionate, and dissolving in water to obtain a solution A; dissolving Pb (NO3) 2 and BiCl3 in concentrated hydrochloric acid respectively, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation dissolution, adding water for dilution, and mixing to obtain a solution B; and mixing and stirring the solution A and the solution B to obtain the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites. According to the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool, generation of zinc dendrites in a zinc-bromine flow battery can be effectively inhibited, meanwhile, the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool prepared through the method can visually observe the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition, the battery does not need to be disassembled and assembled, the experiment time is greatly saved, the experiment efficiency is improved, and the experiment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of liquid flow batteries, and in particular relates to a zinc-bromine liquid flow battery electrolyte capable of inhibiting zinc dendrites, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an electrochemical energy storage battery, flow battery can store surplus electric energy in surplus period and supply it in shortage period, and is an important component of renewable energy. At present, flow batteries mainly include all-vanadium flow battery, all-iron flow battery, iron-chromium flow battery and zinc-bromine flow battery. Among them, zinc-bromine battery has received extensive attention due to its high theoretical energy density [430 (W·h) / kg], low cost, environmental friendliness, high safety performance and 100% deep discharge.

[0003] Although zinc-bromine flow batteries have many advantages, they also have some technical problems. During the charging process of zinc-bromine flow batteries, more and more zinc is loaded on the negative electrode plate. At this time, the zinc deposition is prone to unevenness. The protruding part of the zinc is often deposited faster. As this part of the zinc grows, it slowly evolves into a thorny dendrite-zinc dendrite. These zinc dendrites usually grow along the surface of the negative electrode, gradually grow larger, and may penetrate the diaphragm, causing the positive and negative electrolytes of the battery to short-circuit, self-discharge, and even thermal runaway inside the battery. The formation of zinc dendrites not only affects the cycle stability of the battery, but also greatly shortens the service life of the battery. Therefore, how to reasonably and effectively inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites in zinc-bromine flow batteries is still a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problems in the prior art and effectively inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites in zinc-bromine flow batteries.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites, comprising: Mix zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholinium bromide and ammonium isethionate, and dissolve in water to obtain solution A; Dissolve Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 in concentrated hydrochloric acid respectively, dissolve by ultrasonic vibration, dilute with water, and mix to obtain solution B; The solution A and the solution B are mixed and stirred to obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites.

[0006] Preferably, the zinc ion concentration in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 1-3 mol / L.

[0007] Preferably, the zinc perchlorate concentration in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2-4 mol / L.

[0008] Preferably, the concentration ratio of 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholine bromide and ammonium hydroxyethyl sulfonate in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is (1-2):1.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration ratio of Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is (2~4):1.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that suppresses zinc dendrites.

[0011] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites in the field of flow batteries.

[0012] Preferably, the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is used to prepare a zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool; the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a partition is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is arranged in the cavity between the partition and the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and an observation window is arranged on the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool.

[0013] Preferably, the positive electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate or carbon cloth; the negative electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate or carbon cloth.

[0014] Preferably, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively provided on both sides of the cavity.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention reduces the internal resistance of the battery and improves the conductivity of the solution by supporting the electrolyte zinc perchlorate; the bromine complexing agents MEM and AHES can complex the polybromine ions in the electrolyte to reduce self-discharge; the inhibitors Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 can inhibit the generation of zinc dendrites in multiple deep charge and discharge cycles, and the synergistic effect of adding lead salts and bismuth salts makes the polarization overpotential of zinc larger, the cathode side electrodeposition is more uniform and dense, and it is less likely to generate zinc dendrites. At the same time, the addition of lead and bismuth salts improves the conductivity of the solution, reduces the polarization of the solution, reduces the resistance of the solution, improves the electrochemical activity of the solution, and after adding the inhibitors, the mass transfer becomes faster and the electrochemical reaction becomes faster; the present invention can effectively inhibit the generation of zinc dendrites in zinc-bromine liquid flow batteries.

[0016] Furthermore, the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool prepared by the present invention can visually observe the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition through the observation window; the electrolyte is introduced through the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet to perform a flow experiment without disassembling the battery, which greatly saves the experimental time, improves the experimental efficiency, and reduces the experimental cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a zinc dendrite growth diagram of Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a zinc dendrite growth diagram of Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a zinc dendrite growth diagram of Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a zinc dendrite growth diagram of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a zinc dendrite growth diagram of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the zinc dendrite growth diagram of Comparative Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the characteristics and effects of the present invention, the following is a general description and definition of the terms and expressions mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the text are the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art for the present invention. In the event of a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail.

[0020] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein, whether correct or incorrect, should not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, that is, the present invention can be implemented without being limited by any specific theory or mechanism.

[0021] In this article, all features such as values, quantities, contents and concentrations defined in the form of numerical ranges or percentage ranges are for simplicity and convenience only. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered to have included and specifically disclosed all possible secondary ranges and individual values ​​within the range (including integers and fractions).

[0022] In this document, unless otherwise specified, “includes,” “including,” “contains,” “has,” or similar terms cover the meanings of “consisting of” and “mainly consisting of,” for example, “A includes a” covers the meanings of “A includes a and other” and “A only includes a.”

[0023] In this document, in order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of various technical features in various embodiments or examples are described. Therefore, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, the various technical features in various embodiments or examples can be combined arbitrarily, and all possible combinations should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites, that is, adding a stable and inhibitory additive to the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte, and the specific steps include: Mix zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholinium bromide (MEM) and ammonium 2-hydroxyethanesulphonate isethionic acid ammonium salt (AHES), and dissolve them in water (preferably deionized water) to obtain solution A; Dissolve Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 in concentrated hydrochloric acid respectively, dissolve by ultrasonic vibration, dilute with water (preferably deionized water), and mix to obtain solution B; The solution A and the solution B are mixed and stirred to obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites.

[0025] The invention can reduce the internal resistance of the battery and improve the conductivity of the solution by adding the supporting electrolyte zinc perchlorate into the zinc-bromine electrolyte. Compared with the traditional zinc chloride used as the supporting electrolyte, during the operation of the battery, zinc ions of the zinc chloride react with chloride ions, the reduction of zinc ions will lead to the reduction of the conductivity of the solution, and zinc dendrites are more likely to be formed, thereby increasing the instability of the electrolyte. Zinc perchlorate used as the supporting electrolyte can improve the dissolution efficiency of zinc, reduce the transfer of bromine, and thus reduce the influence of zinc dendrites.

[0026] The invention can complex polybromine ions in the electrolyte and reduce self-discharge by adding bromine complexing agents MEM and AHES into the zinc-bromine electrolyte. Compared with using MEM alone, which can cause solidification and precipitation of bromine in the electrolyte, thereby affecting the circulation effect of the electrolyte and causing battery failure, adding AHES can be adsorbed around zinc dendrites during charging to form an electrostatic shield, which can prevent zinc from further depositing on the zinc dendrites and promote the stable and uniform growth of zinc.

[0027] The present invention can inhibit the generation of zinc dendrites in multiple deep charge and discharge cycles by adding novel zinc dendrite inhibitors Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 to the zinc-bromine electrolyte. The synergistic effect of adding lead salt and bismuth salt makes the polarization overpotential of zinc larger, and the cathode side electrodeposition is more uniform and dense, making it less likely to generate zinc dendrites. At the same time, the addition of lead and bismuth salts improves the conductivity of the solution, reduces the polarization of the solution, reduces the resistance of the solution, improves the electrochemical activity of the solution, and after adding the inhibitor, the mass transfer becomes faster and the electrochemical reaction becomes faster.

[0028] The zinc ion concentration in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 1-3 mol / L, and the zinc ion concentration directly affects the energy density and efficiency of the battery. A zinc ion concentration of 1-3 mol / L can improve the energy storage capacity of the battery, increase its discharge current, and also help improve the cycle stability of the battery, ensuring that the charge transfer process of the battery is stable and efficient.

[0029] The zinc perchlorate concentration in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2-4 mol / L. The zinc perchlorate solution has a high conductivity and can effectively promote charge transfer inside the battery. The zinc perchlorate concentration of 2-4 mol / L is crucial to improving the discharge capacity of the battery, helps to inhibit the growth of zinc dendrites, and thus improves the life and stability of the battery.

[0030] The concentration ratio of MEM and AHES in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is (1-2):1, and this concentration can optimize the solubility, viscosity and ionic conductivity of the electrolyte. MEM, as an organic solvent, can effectively reduce the interaction between bromide and other components in the battery, avoid the formation of precipitates, and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the battery. AHES has the effect of alleviating crystallization in the battery electrolyte and reducing the viscosity of the electrolyte, thereby improving the cycle performance and charge and discharge rate of the battery.

[0031] The concentration ratio of Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is (2-4):1. Lead salt and bismuth salt help improve the stability of the electrolyte and the safety of the battery. They can form stable complexes in the electrolyte and reduce the generation of harmful byproducts. This concentration ratio helps to increase the voltage platform of the battery, so that the battery can maintain a relatively stable voltage output during discharge, while reducing the incidence of side reactions, thereby improving the cycle life and efficiency of the zinc-bromine flow battery.

[0032] The second object of the present invention is to provide a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites, which can effectively inhibit the generation of zinc dendrites in zinc-bromine flow batteries, thereby reducing the occurrence of short circuits and significantly improving the safety of the battery. Inhibiting zinc dendrites helps uniform zinc deposition, thereby improving the energy density and discharge efficiency of the battery. In addition, the battery's charge and discharge process becomes more stable, reducing the battery's performance fluctuations under high load conditions.

[0033] Additives (zinc perchlorate, MEM, AHES, Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3) in the electrolyte of zinc-bromine flow batteries can reduce the influence of electrolyte concentration polarization on the negative electrode during the growth of zinc dendrites, and avoid the formation of zinc dendrites due to the electric field strength in the uneven area of ​​the negative electrode surface, which causes zinc ions to preferentially migrate to the tip of the negative electrode. At the same time, additives can also reduce the hydrogen evolution reaction near the negative electrode and slow down the formation of zinc dendrites. Additives affect the mechanism of nucleation and growth during zinc deposition, thereby inhibiting zinc dendrites and allowing zinc to grow evenly and flatly on the negative electrode surface. Additives have an impact on the reaction kinetics of the positive and negative electrodes of zinc-bromine batteries, the ability to inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites, and the battery charge and discharge performance, providing a basis for the development of high-performance and high-stability zinc-bromine batteries.

[0034] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites in the field of flow batteries. The zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is used to prepare a zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell, which can visually observe the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition without disassembling the battery, greatly saving experimental time, improving experimental efficiency, and reducing experimental costs.

[0035] The zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a partition is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the cavity between the partition and the positive electrode and the negative electrode is provided with zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte; and an observation window is provided on the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool. The partition is used to separate the positive electrode and the negative electrode to prevent short circuit inside the battery. It can effectively prevent zinc ions in the electrolyte from directly contacting the two electrodes, thereby avoiding short circuit or side reaction inside the battery. The observation window can intuitively observe the in-situ growth process of zinc deposition.

[0036] The positive electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate or carbon cloth; the negative electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate or carbon cloth. Carbon-based materials have excellent electrical conductivity, chemical stability and mechanical strength, which can not only improve the overall electrical conductivity of the battery, but also reduce the internal resistance of the battery, thereby improving the efficiency and energy density of the battery. The porous structure of the carbon material gives it a large specific surface area, which helps to effectively adsorb and release zinc ions and improve the charge and discharge rate of the battery. In addition, the carbon material has good corrosion resistance and chemical stability, can maintain long-term stability in harsh electrolyte environments, and reduce the degradation of electrode materials.

[0037] The two sides of the cavity are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet for introducing electrolyte to perform flow experiments.

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0039] The following examples use conventional instruments and equipment in the art. The experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are usually carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The various raw materials used in the following examples are conventional commercial products unless otherwise specified, and their specifications are conventional specifications in the art. In the specification of the present invention and the following examples, unless otherwise specified, "%" means weight percentage, "part" means weight part, and ratio means weight ratio.

[0040] Example 1 Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES into a beaker and dissolve with an appropriate amount of deionized water to form solution A; Step 2: Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 were dissolved in a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid, respectively, and dissolved by ultrasonic vibration for 20 minutes, and then diluted with deionized water and mixed to form solution B; Step 3: Solution A and solution B are mixed together, and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to form a uniform solution, thereby obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites; Step 4: Assemble the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell, select carbon felt as the positive and negative electrodes, pass the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30mL / min, turn on the power, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are shown in Figure 4. Figure 1 shown.

[0041] Among them, the concentration of zinc ions in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 1 mol / L, the concentration of zinc perchlorate is 2 mol / L, the concentration of MEM is 0.5 mol / L, the concentration of AHES is 0.5 mol / L, the concentration of Pb(NO3)2 is 0.1 mol / L, and the concentration of BiCl3 is 0.05 mol / L.

[0042] Example 2 Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES into a beaker and dissolve with an appropriate amount of deionized water to form solution A; Step 2: Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 are dissolved in a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid, respectively, and dissolved by ultrasonic vibration for 30 minutes, and then diluted with deionized water and mixed to form solution B; Step 3: Solution A and solution B are mixed together, and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 50 minutes to form a uniform solution, thereby obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites; Step 4: Assemble the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell, select carbon cloth as the positive and negative electrodes, pass the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30mL / min, turn on the power, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are shown in Figure 4. Figure 2 shown.

[0043] Among them, the concentration of zinc ions in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 3 mol / L, the concentration of zinc perchlorate is 4 mol / L, the concentration of MEM is 1 mol / L, the concentration of AHES is 0.5 mol / L, the concentration of Pb(NO3)2 is 0.2 mol / L, and the concentration of BiCl3 is 0.05 mol / L.

[0044] Example 3 Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES into a beaker and dissolve with an appropriate amount of deionized water to form solution A; Step 2: Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 are dissolved in a small amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid, respectively, and dissolved by ultrasonic vibration for 25 minutes, and then diluted with deionized water and mixed to form solution B; Step 3: Solution A and solution B are mixed together, and stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 40 minutes to form a uniform solution, thereby obtaining a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites; Step 4: Assemble the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell, select carbon plates as positive and negative electrodes, pass the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30mL / min, turn on the power supply, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are shown in Figure 4. Figure 3 shown.

[0045] Among them, the concentration of zinc ions in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2 mol / L, the concentration of zinc perchlorate is 2 mol / L, the concentration of MEM is 0.5 mol / L, the concentration of AHES is 0.5 mol / L, the concentration of Pb(NO3)2 is 0.15 mol / L, and the concentration of BiCl3 is 0.05 mol / L.

[0046] Comparative Example 1 Step 1: Add zinc bromide into a beaker and dissolve it with an appropriate amount of deionized water, and stir with a magnetic stirrer for 20 minutes to form a uniform solution to obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte without additives; Step 2: Assemble the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation cell, select carbon plates as positive and negative electrodes, pass the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30mL / min, turn on the power, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The zinc dendrite growth results are shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 shown.

[0047] The concentration of zinc ions in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2 mol / L.

[0048] Comparative Example 2 Step 1: Add zinc bromide and zinc perchlorate into a beaker and dissolve them with an appropriate amount of deionized water, stir with a magnetic stirrer for 20 minutes to form a uniform solution, and obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte containing a supporting electrolyte; Step 2: Assemble the observation cell, select carbon plates as positive and negative electrodes, pass the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min, turn on the power supply, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The growth results of zinc dendrites are shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 shown.

[0049] Among them, the concentration of zinc ions in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2 mol / L, and the concentration of zinc perchlorate is 2 mol / L.

[0050] Comparative Example 3 Step 1: Add zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES into a beaker and dissolve them with an appropriate amount of deionized water, stir with a magnetic stirrer for 30 minutes to form a uniform solution, and obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte containing a supporting electrolyte and a complexing agent; Step 2: Assemble the observation cell, select carbon plates as positive and negative electrodes, pass the prepared zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte into the observation cell at a flow rate of 30 mL / min, turn on the power supply, and observe the in-situ growth process of zinc dendrites. The growth results of zinc dendrites are shown in Figure 2. Figure 6 shown.

[0051] Among them, the concentration of zinc ions in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2 mol / L, the concentration of zinc perchlorate is 2 mol / L, the concentration of MEM is 0.5 mol / L, and the concentration of AHES is 0.5 mol / L.

[0052] The zinc deposition morphology obtained in Examples 1 to 3 is shown in Figures 1 to 3 ; Comparative Examples 1 to 3 obtained zinc deposition morphology, see Figures 4 to 6 .from Figures 1 to 3 It can be seen from the figure that the present invention has a good inhibitory effect on the growth of zinc dendrites; Figures 3 to 6 It can be seen that zinc perchlorate, MEM and AHES as well as Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 all have an inhibitory effect on the growth of zinc dendrites in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte, and the inhibitory effects can be superimposed.

[0053] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites, characterized in that: include: Mix zinc bromide, zinc perchlorate, 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholinium bromide and ammonium isethionate, and dissolve in water to obtain solution A; Dissolve Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 in concentrated hydrochloric acid respectively, dissolve by ultrasonic vibration, dilute with water, and mix to obtain solution B; The solution A and the solution B are mixed and stirred to obtain a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte that inhibits zinc dendrites.

2. The method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zinc ion concentration in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 1-3 mol / L.

3. The method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zinc perchlorate concentration in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is 2-4 mol / L.

4. The method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration ratio of 4-methyl-4-ethylmorpholinium bromide and ammonium hydroxyethyl sulfonate in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is (1-2):

1.

5. The method for preparing a zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration ratio of Pb(NO3)2 and BiCl3 in the zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte is (2~4):

1.

6. A zinc-bromine flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites, characterized in that: The method is prepared according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Application of the zinc-bromine liquid flow battery electrolyte for inhibiting zinc dendrites according to claim 6 in the field of liquid flow batteries.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The zinc-bromine liquid flow battery electrolyte is used to prepare a zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool; the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a partition is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the zinc-bromine liquid flow battery electrolyte is arranged in the cavity between the partition and the positive electrode and the negative electrode; an observation window is arranged on the zinc dendrite in-situ growth observation pool.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positive electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate or carbon cloth; the negative electrode material is carbon felt, carbon plate or carbon cloth.

10. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: A liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively arranged on both sides of the cavity.

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