Antenna and radiation unit

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna and a radiation unit. On one hand, the Balun arm or the Balun arm and the base is used as a feed conductor radio frequency ground; and on the other hand, the radio frequency transmission line formed by the feed conductor and the feed conductor replaces the original coaxial cable to feed the radiation arm. Compared with the conventional structure, the tail end conductor section of the feed conductor has the advantages that the link of welding with a combining component is canceled, and the tail end conductor sections of the two feed conductors are designed to multiplex the grounding parts as radio frequency ground and also multiplex the grounding parts as radio frequency ground. And the radiation arms are matched and interconnected with an external feed network through the two feed conductors and the power divider. Therefore, the welding spots and the welding spot loss of the radiation unit are reduced, the number of parts is reduced, the manufacturing process is greatly simplified, the purposes of electroplating-free of the oscillator and greenness are really achieved, meanwhile, the types of materials are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the problem that the intermodulation stability of a traditional scheme is poor is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a radiation unit. Background Art

[0002] With the development of 5G communications, multi-standard fusion base station antennas are increasingly becoming the mainstream antennas used in the communications industry. The development of the antenna industry has the following requirements for antennas of this standard: 1. Higher third-order intermodulation stability, which has always been the technical bottleneck of multi-standard fusion base station antennas; 2. Lower costs to obtain higher returns; 3. Make the antenna green and environmentally friendly, which is reflected in reducing the electroplating of materials and welding in assembly.

[0003] The radiation unit in the related technology is one of the core components of the multi-standard fusion base station antenna. Since the multi-standard fusion base station antenna integrates radiation units of multiple frequency bands, its design and radiation are complicated. In addition, there are many factors such as many solder joints and assembly processes, which easily lead to unstable intermodulation. In coaxial antennas, conventional die-cast bowl-shaped radiation units often need to electroplate the entire vibrator metal part and weld the feeding point in order to feed power through coaxial cables. However, electroplating and welding will cause environmental pollution and increase costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an antenna and a radiation unit, which can avoid the electroplating and welding processes, reduce costs, be more green and environmentally friendly, and at the same time ensure that the performance of the antenna will not decrease.

[0005] A radiation unit, comprising:

[0006] Two radiating arms forming the same polarization;

[0007] A balun structure, the balun structure comprising a base and two balun arms, the top of each balun arm is correspondingly connected to each radiation arm, the bottom of each balun arm is respectively connected to the base, and the bottom of the balun arm or the base is provided with a grounding portion;

[0008] Two feeding conductors, each of the feeding conductors is correspondingly arranged on each of the balun arms, and the two feeding conductors feed the two radiating arms respectively; the terminal conductor segments of the two feeding conductors are used to connect to an external feeding network, the terminal conductor segments of the two feeding conductors and the terminal segment of the feeding core wire of the external feeding network are gathered and arranged on the grounding part at intervals, and the two terminal conductor segments and the three terminal segments all reuse the grounding part as a radio frequency ground, and the two terminal conductor segments and the three terminal segments are coupled and electrically connected.

[0009] In one embodiment, the two terminal conductor segments, the terminal segment and the ground portion form a power divider.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the radiating arm is matched and interconnected with the external feeding network through the two feeding conductors and the power divider.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, the power of the radio frequency signals on the two radiating arms is adjusted by adjusting the impedance parameters of the end conductor segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the impedance parameter adjustment of the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors is achieved by at least one of the cross-sectional dimensions of the two terminal conductor segments, the distances between the two terminal conductor segments and the ground portion and the terminal segments, and the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments.

[0013] In one embodiment, the grounding portion is integrally formed with the bottom of the balun arm or the base.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, each of the feed conductors is correspondingly arranged with each of the balun arms and the grounding portion to form a transmission line for feeding, and the head end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are set as open ends.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the grounding portion is coupled and electrically connected to a grounding member of the external feed network.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the grounding portion is provided with an extension portion, and the extension portion is attached to and electrically coupled with a grounding member of the external feeding network.

[0017] In one embodiment, an extending direction x of the extending portion and an extending direction y of the ground pin are arranged at an angle.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the extension portion is provided with an installation groove or an installation through hole adapted to the shape of a grounding member of the external feeding network; and / or the radiation unit further includes an insulating fastener, and the extension portion is fixedly connected to the grounding member of the external feeding network via the insulating fastener.

[0019] In one embodiment, the radiation unit further includes a dielectric member, the dielectric member is disposed corresponding to the grounding portion, the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment are both located on one side of the dielectric member, and the grounding portion is located on the other side of the dielectric member.

[0020] In one embodiment, the dielectric member is disposed in a gap between the ground portion and the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor; or the dielectric member is integrated between the ground portion and the terminal conductor segment by injection molding.

[0021] In one embodiment, the grounding portion is configured as a hollow conductor portion, the dielectric member, the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment are all installed inside the grounding portion, and the dielectric member is used to isolate the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment from the inner wall of the grounding portion.

[0022] In one embodiment, the dielectric member is an insulating isolation sleeve, the outer wall of the insulating isolation sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grounding portion; a first insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment, and the terminal conductor segment extends into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve; a second insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the terminal segment, and the terminal segment extends into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve.

[0023] In one of the embodiments, the radiation unit further includes a metal member, and the metal member is inserted into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve.

[0024] In one embodiment, the metal member is configured as a metal tube, the two terminal conductor segments are inserted into the interior of the metal tube, and the terminal segments are inserted into the interior of the metal tube or into the area between the outer wall of the metal tube and the inner wall of the insulating isolation sleeve.

[0025] In one embodiment, the metal piece is configured as a metal column, the metal column is provided with three positioning grooves, and the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment are respectively placed in the three positioning grooves.

[0026] In one embodiment, the metal pieces are two, one of which is a metal tube, and the other is a metal column. The metal column, the end segment and the two end conductor segments are all inserted into the metal tube.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first insulating layer is an insulating heat shrink tube or insulating varnish provided on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment, and the second insulating layer is an insulating heat shrink tube or insulating varnish provided on the outer wall of the feed core wire.

[0028] In one of the embodiments, the feed conductor also includes a main conductor segment, the main conductor segment is connected to the end conductor segment, the main conductor segment is arranged corresponding to the balun arm and constitutes a transmission line for feeding; an insulating spacer is provided on the outer wall of the main conductor segment, and the insulating spacer is arranged circumferentially around the main conductor segment; the insulating spacer extends from one end of the main conductor segment to the other end of the main conductor segment, or the insulating spacer is provided in plurality and is arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extension direction of the main conductor segment.

[0029] In one of the embodiments, the main conductor segment is arranged on the front side of the balun arm, or on the back side of the balun arm.

[0030] In one embodiment, the main conductor segment is arranged on the back side of the balun structure, the side wall of the grounding portion is configured as a non-closed structure, and the end conductor segment can penetrate into the grounding portion from the outer periphery of the grounding portion.

[0031] In one of the embodiments, the radiation unit further includes a first insulating fixing member correspondingly arranged on the balun arm, and the first insulating fixing member is used to fix the main conductor segment on the balun arm.

[0032] In one of the embodiments, the radiation unit further includes a second insulating fixing member disposed on the base, and the second insulating fixing member is used to fix the main conductor segment on the base.

[0033] In one of the embodiments, a first hollow opening is provided on the balun arm, and the main conductor segment can pass through the first hollow opening from the back side of the balun arm to the front side of the balun arm.

[0034] In one of the embodiments, a second hollow opening is provided on the base, and the main conductor segment can pass through the second hollow opening from the back side of the base to the front side of the base.

[0035] In one of the embodiments, each of the balun arms and / or the base is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of each of the main conductor segments; the main conductor segments are placed in the grooves corresponding to their positions and are insulated from the grooves.

[0036] In one of the embodiments, the number of the radiating arms is four and they are arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiating arms arranged diagonally are set to the same polarization; the number of the balun arms is four and the four balun arms are connected to the four radiating arms accordingly; the number of the feeding conductors is four and the four feeding conductors are arranged to correspond to the four radiating arms; the number of the grounding parts is at least two and the two grounding parts are arranged to correspond to the two pairs of polarized feeding conductors one by one, respectively.

[0037] An antenna comprises the radiation unit and an external feeding network, wherein the base is coupled and electrically connected to a grounding member of the external feeding network, and the two terminal conductor segments are directly coupled and electrically connected to the terminal segment.

[0038] The above antenna and radiation unit, balun arm or balun arm and base, on the one hand, serve as the radio frequency ground of the feed conductor; on the other hand, the radio frequency transmission line formed together with the feed conductor replaces the original coaxial cable to feed the radiation arm, that is, the feed conductor is placed in the feeding area set on the radiation arm to form a radio frequency transmission line for feeding. Compared with the previous structure, the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor eliminates the link of welding with the circuit combining component, and is designed so that the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors and the terminal segment of the feed core wire all reuse the grounding part as the radio frequency ground, and the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment are coupled and electrically connected, thereby reducing the loss of the antenna radio frequency link.

[0039] Furthermore, the two terminal conductor segments, the terminal segment and the grounding portion together constitute a power divider, thereby realizing the integrated integration of the power divider of the radiation unit with the feed conductor and the balun base.

[0040] In addition, the radiating arm is matched and interconnected with the external feeding network through two feeding conductors and a power divider. The radiating unit completes the corresponding impedance transformation in the grounding area through the end conductor segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider, and the two end conductor segments are coupled and electrically connected with the feeding core wire of the external feeding network with a specific resistance value (for example, 50Ω). Compared with the related art, on the one hand, there is no need to add another impedance transformer, thereby eliminating the special circuit combining component; on the other hand, the integrated power divider not only realizes the broadband impedance matching between the radiating unit and the external feeding network, but also has the function of power distribution for the two radiating arms of the same polarization in the radiating unit. In engineering applications, when used as a transmitting antenna, the external feeding network feeds the first and second radio frequency signals through the two radiating arms of the same polarization described in the power divider; when used as a receiving antenna, the external feeding network receives the first and second radio frequency signals of the external space electromagnetic waves received by the two radiating arms through the power divider; the power of the first and second radio frequency signals is adjusted by adjusting the impedance parameters of the end segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider.

[0041] In addition, the impedance parameter adjustment of the terminal conductor segment can be achieved through at least one of the size of the terminal conductor segment, the distance between the terminal conductor segment and the grounding part, the terminal segment, the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments and the size of the medium around them, and the dielectric constant, and the impedance parameter design is flexible and convenient. In this way, on the one hand, this technical innovation solution reduces the solder joints and solder joint losses of the radiation unit, and reduces the number of parts, greatly simplifies the manufacturing process, and truly realizes the electroplating-free vibrator. While achieving the green goal, it reduces the types of materials, reduces costs, and improves the problem of poor intermodulation stability of traditional solutions; on the other hand, the radiation unit integrates a power divider with a clustered layout, and the structure realizes the simplest design of the radiation unit as much as possible. Electrically, it realizes broadband impedance matching between the radiation unit and the external feeding network, and also realizes the power adjustment function of the radio frequency signal transmitted / received by the two radiation arms of the same polarization in the radiation unit. In network applications, it can cover more accurately and reduce beam energy loss, thereby improving network communication quality and further saving energy and reducing emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a top view of the radiation unit of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Rear structural view of the base in the shown structure.

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another perspective structural diagram of the base in the structure shown.

[0045] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a feed conductor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the radiation unit according to the second embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the third embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the fifth embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Fig. 9 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the sixth embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Fig.10 This is a structural diagram of a radiation unit according to the seventh embodiment of the present application.

[0052] Fig.11 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which the end conductor segment and the feeding core wire are arranged in the grounding portion.

[0053] Fig.12 This is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the present application in which the end conductor segment and the feeding core wire are arranged in the grounding portion.

[0054] Fig.13 This is a structural diagram of a terminal conductor segment and a feeding core wire arranged in a grounding portion according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Fig.14 This is a structural diagram of a terminal conductor segment and a feeding core wire arranged in a grounding portion according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Fig.15 This is a structural diagram of a terminal conductor segment and a feeding core wire arranged in a grounding portion according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Fig.16 This is a structural diagram of a terminal conductor segment and a feeding core wire arranged in a grounding portion according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Fig.16a This is a structural diagram of a terminal conductor segment and a feeding core wire arranged in a grounding portion according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Fig.17 This is a structural diagram of a feeding conductor installed on a single arm of a balun according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Fig.18 This is a structural diagram of a feeding conductor installed on a single arm of a balun according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Fig.19 This is a structural diagram of a feed conductor installed on a single arm of a balun according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0062] 10. Radiating arm; 11. Radiating single arm; 12. Coupling slot; 20. Balun structure; 21. Base; 22. Balun arm; 221. Balun single arm; 222. First hollow opening; 23. Grounding portion; 231. Grounding pin; 232. Extension portion; 24. Groove; 30. Feed conductor; 31. End conductor segment; 311. First insulating layer; 32. Main conductor segment; 321. Insulating spacer; 33. Head conductor segment; 51. Insulating fastener; 52. First insulating fixture; 53. Second insulating fixture; 54. Third insulating fixture; 60. Coaxial cable; 61. End segment; 611. Second insulating layer; 70. Dielectric member; 80. Metal member; 81. Metal tube; 82. Metal column; 821. Positioning slot; 822. Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0064] As the background technology, in order to realize the coaxial cable feeding the radiating arm in the related technology, it is often necessary to electroplate the entire vibrator metal part and weld the feeding point, which brings environmental pollution and cost increase. Later, it was proposed to use the feeding conductor and the balun arm to be placed close to each other insulated, so that the feeding conductor and the balun structure constitute a transmission line and are connected to the combiner component, and the technical solution of connecting the combiner component to the external feeding network is used to solve the problems of environmental pollution and high cost. The inventor found that although the above-mentioned new transmission line can be free of electroplating, the bottom end of the feeding conductor still needs to be welded to the combiner component, and then it is necessary to set a solderable layer on the inner conductor of the combiner component or the bottom end of the feeding conductor by electroplating, and adopt welding to achieve the welding connection between the combiner component and the bottom end of the feeding conductor. Electroplating the solderable layer on the inner conductor of the combiner component and welding the feeding conductor to the inner conductor of the combiner component will cause environmental pollution and cost increase. At the same time, the feeding conductor and the combiner component need to adopt different types of transmission signal lines, which further increases the cost.

[0065] Based on the above reasons, the present application provides a technical solution of an antenna and a radiation unit, which can reduce costs, be more environmentally friendly, and at the same time ensure that the performance of the antenna will not decline.

[0066] See also Figures 1 to 4 An embodiment of the present application provides a radiation unit, the radiation unit comprising: two radiation arms 10 constituting the same polarization, a balun structure 20 and two feeding conductors 30. Optionally, each radiation arm 10 comprises two radiation single arms 11.

[0067] The balun structure 20 includes a base 21 and at least two balun arms 22. The bottom of each balun arm 22 is respectively connected to the base 21, and the top of each balun arm 22 is correspondingly connected to and supports each radiation arm 10. The bottom of the balun arm 22 or the base 21 is provided with a grounding portion 23, and the grounding portion 23 is coupled and electrically connected to the grounding member of the external feeding network. Optionally, each balun arm 22 includes two balun single arms 221. Each balun single arm 221 is correspondingly connected to each radiation single arm 11.

[0068] Specifically, the balun structure 20 and each radiation arm 10 are an integrated structure. Optionally, the balun structure 20 and the radiation arm 10 include but are not limited to being integrally formed by die casting, forging, sheet metal, etc. In this way, mass production can be achieved, manufacturing costs can be reduced, and manufacturing efficiency can be improved.

[0069] The feed conductor 30 includes a head conductor segment 33 , a body conductor segment 32 and a terminal conductor segment 31 which are sequentially connected.

[0070] Each feed conductor 30 is correspondingly arranged on each balun arm 22, and is correspondingly arranged with each balun arm 22 to form a transmission line for feeding. The two head-end conductor segments 33 are set as open ends. The end conductor segments 31 of the two feed conductors 30 and the end segment 61 of the feed core wire of the external feed network are gathered and arranged on the grounding portion 23 at intervals, and the two end conductor segments 31 and the end segment 61 all reuse the grounding portion 23 as the radio frequency ground. The two end conductor segments 31 and the end segment 61 are coupled and electrically connected.

[0071] The grounding portion 23 of this embodiment is, for example, a hollow conductor portion, that is, a conductor portion designed as a hollow structure. Specifically, a through hole is formed in the grounding portion 23. The two terminal conductor segments 31 are gathered and penetrated in the grounding portion 23 of the hollow structure, and are coupled and electrically connected with the terminal segment 61.

[0072] The end conductor segments 31, the end segments 61 and the grounding portion 23 of the two feed conductors 30 form a power divider. The radiating arm 10 is matched and interconnected with the external feed network through the two feed conductors 30 and the power divider. Specifically, the end segment 61 of the feed core wire of the external feed network serves as the common end of the power divider, the end conductor segment 31 of one feed conductor 30 serves as a branch of the power divider, and the end segment 61 of the other feed conductor 30 serves as another branch of the power divider. The grounding portion 23 also serves as the radio frequency ground of the power divider circuit.

[0073] In one embodiment, the end conductor segments 31 of the two feeding conductors 30 and their corresponding grounding portions 23 also serve as impedance transformers of the corresponding radiating arms 10 at a radio frequency basis. The impedance transformers of the two corresponding radiating arms 10 are integrated in a power divider, thereby achieving a broadband matching connection between the radiating unit impedance and the external feeding network through the feeding conductors 30 and the power divider.

[0074] In order to optimize the radiation performance of the radiation unit and improve the precise coverage energy of the antenna in network applications, the impedance parameters of the terminal conductor segments 31 of the two feeding conductors 30 in the power divider can be adjusted to adjust the power of the radio frequency signals on the two radiation arms 10. In this way, by adjusting the impedance parameters of the two branches, a specific proportion of power is allocated to the radio frequency electromagnetic signals on the two radiation arms 10, thereby adjusting the radiation beam of the antenna in space, optimizing the coverage, and making the electromagnetic wave energy fall into the service area as much as possible, reducing the waste of radiation energy, improving the quality of network communication, and saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0075] The impedance parameters of the terminal conductor segments 31 of the two feed conductors 30 in the power divider can be adjusted by optimizing at least one of the cross-sectional dimensions of the two terminal conductor segments 31 , the distances between the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the grounding portion 23 , the terminal segment 61 , and the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments 31 .

[0076] Please refer to Fig.16 and Fig.16a , Fig.16a Compared to Fig.16 Specifically, the electromagnetic signal power ratio of the radiation arm 10 close to the edge of the reflector and the radiation arm 10 close to the inter-column isolation plate is optimized to a target value from the cross-sectional dimensions of the two end conductor segments 31 being equal (i.e., 1:1). When the ratio of the cross-sectional dimensions of the two end conductor segments 31 is adjusted to the target value, the waste of radiation energy can be reduced, the antenna beam coverage efficiency can be improved, and the energy efficiency of the antenna can be improved.

[0077] It should be noted that the coupling and electrical connection of two conductive parts means that there is no physical connection between the two conductive parts, but a gap is provided, and the gap can be provided with an insulating medium to achieve insulation isolation and fix the two conductive parts, or no part is required, that is, insulation isolation is achieved through air. Due to the gap between the two conductive parts, energy can be coupled and transmitted between the two conductive parts.

[0078] The external feed network is, for example, connected to a coaxial cable 60. Accordingly, the grounding member of the external feed network refers to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 60, and the feed core wire of the external feed network is also the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 60. The terminal conductor segment 31 is electrically connected to the feed core wire of the external feed network by coupling with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 60, thereby realizing transmission of the feed signal; the base 21 is electrically connected to the grounding member of the external feed network by coupling with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 60, thereby improving the transmission stability of the signal.

[0079] Of course, the external feeding network can also omit the coaxial cable 60. Optionally, the feeding core wire of the external feeding network directly extends into the inside of the grounding portion 23 and is coupled and electrically connected to the terminal conductor segment 31. In addition, the base 21 is directly electrically connected to the grounding member of the external feeding network, and the grounding member of the external feeding network is, for example, a grounding cavity.

[0080] The above-mentioned radiation unit, balun arm 22 or balun arm 22 and base 21, on the one hand, serves as the radio frequency ground of the feed conductor 30; on the other hand, the radio frequency transmission line formed together with the feed conductor 30 replaces the original coaxial cable 60 to feed the radiation arm 10, that is, the feed conductor 30 is placed in the feeding area set on the radiation arm 10 to form a radio frequency transmission line for feeding. Compared with the previous structure, the end conductor segment 31 of the feed conductor 30 eliminates the link of welding with the combining component, and is designed so that the end conductor segments 31 of the two feed conductors 30 reuse the grounding part 23 as the radio frequency ground, and the end segment 61 of the feed core wire also reuses the grounding part 23 as the radio frequency ground. The radiation arm 10 is matched and interconnected with the external feeding network through two feed conductors 30 and a power divider.

[0081] In addition, the radiating unit completes the corresponding impedance transformation in the grounding part 23 area through the end conductor segments 31 of the two feeding conductors 30 in the power divider, and the two end conductor segments 31 are coupled and electrically connected with the feeding core wire of the external feeding network with a specific resistance value (for example, 50Ω) for use. Compared with the related art, on the one hand, there is no need to add another impedance transformer, thereby eliminating the special circuit combining component; on the other hand, the integrated power divider not only realizes the broadband impedance matching between the radiating unit and the external feeding network, but also has the function of power distribution for the two radiating arms 10 of the same polarization in the radiating unit. In engineering applications, when used as a transmitting antenna, the external feeding network feeds the first and second radio frequency signals through the two radiating arms 10 of the same polarization described in the power divider; when used as a receiving antenna, the external feeding network receives the first and second radio frequency signals of the external space electromagnetic waves received by the two radiating arms 10 through the power divider; the power of the first and second radio frequency signals is adjusted by adjusting the impedance parameters of the end segments 61 of the two feeding conductors 30 in the power divider.

[0082] In addition, the impedance parameter adjustment of the terminal conductor segment 31 can be achieved through at least one of the size of the terminal conductor segment 31, the distance between the terminal conductor segment 31 and the grounding portion 23, the terminal segment 61, the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the size of the medium around them, and the dielectric constant, and the impedance parameter design is flexible and convenient. In this way, on the one hand, the technical innovation scheme reduces the solder joints and solder joint losses of the radiation unit, and reduces the number of parts, greatly simplifies the manufacturing process, and truly realizes the electroplating-free vibrator. While achieving the green goal, it reduces the types of materials, and also achieves cost reduction and improves the problem of poor intermodulation stability of the traditional scheme; on the other hand, the radiation unit integrates a power divider with a clustered layout, and the structure realizes the simplest design of the radiation unit as much as possible, and the electrical aspect realizes the broadband impedance matching of the radiation unit and the external feeding network, and also realizes the power adjustment function of the radio frequency signal transmitted / received by the two radiation arms 10 of the same polarization in the radiation unit. In network applications, it can cover more accurately, reduce beam energy loss, thereby improving network communication quality and further saving energy and reducing emissions.

[0083] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the radiation unit further includes a dielectric member 70, which is correspondingly arranged at the grounding portion 23, the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the terminal segment 61 are both located at one side of the dielectric member 70, and the grounding portion 23 is located at the other side of the dielectric member 70. Specifically, the dielectric member 70 is clamped at the gap between the grounding portion 23 and the terminal conductor segment 31 of the feed conductor 30; or the dielectric member 70 is integrated between the grounding portion 23 and the terminal conductor segment 31 by injection molding.

[0084] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the grounding portion 23 is integrally formed with the bottom or base 21 of the balun arm 22 .

[0085] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the grounding portion 23 is coupled and electrically connected to a grounding member of an external feeding network.

[0086] In addition, the feeding conductor 30 at the balun arm 22, the base 21 and the grounding portion 23 uses the same type of signal transmission line, which can omit the combining components welded to the feeding conductor 30 in the related art, thereby reducing the types of transmission lines and their transition nodes, i.e., solder joints, thereby reducing losses.

[0087] The bottom end of the feed conductor 30 extends downward to the grounding portion 23. Optionally, the end section 61 of the feed core wire of the external feed network penetrates into the grounding portion 23 and is directly coupled and electrically connected with the feed conductor 30 inside the grounding portion 23. It can be seen that the entire radiation unit will no longer have any solder joints, and compared with the solution in the related art where the coupling component is inserted into the grounding portion 23, the purpose of eliminating electroplating of the radiation unit and reducing the types of materials is completely achieved.

[0088] In some embodiments, the specific shape of the feed conductor 30 can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, including but not limited to conductors with axial cross-sections of various regular shapes such as circular, elliptical, square, triangular, pentagonal, and other irregular shapes. When the shape of the feed conductor 30 is adjusted, richer impedance values ​​can be obtained to facilitate impedance matching.

[0089] When the axial cross-section of the feed conductor 30 is circular, Fig.17 As shown, the diameter of the feed conductor 30 along its axial direction can be either constant or variable, for example, gradually increasing or decreasing or in other forms, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs; when the feed conductor 30 is configured as a sheet or plate, as shown in FIG. Fig.18 or Fig.19 As shown, the thickness of the feed conductor 30 can be constant along its length, that is, a plate with uniform thickness; or it can be variable in size, that is, a plate with non-uniform thickness, such as gradually increasing or decreasing or other forms, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs. In addition, similarly, the width of the feed conductor 30 can be constant along its length, that is, a rectangular plate; or it can be variable in size, such as gradually increasing or decreasing or other forms, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0090] See also Figure 3 In one embodiment, the grounding portion 23 is provided with an extension portion 232, and the extension portion 232 and the grounding member of the external power feeding network are attached to each other and coupled and electrically connected. In this way, the coupling area between the extension portion 232 and the grounding member of the external power feeding network is large, so that the grounding portion 23 and the grounding member of the external power feeding network have a good coupling effect.

[0091] See also Figure 3 In one embodiment, the extension direction x of the extension portion 232 is set at an angle to the extension direction y of the grounding portion 23. In this way, the spatial dimension along the extension direction y of the grounding portion 23 can be reduced, making the overall structure compact. In addition, since the extension direction x of the extension portion 232 is different from the extension direction y of the grounding portion 23, the extension portion 232 has a larger space to extend its length, so that it can have a larger coupling area with the grounding member of the external feeding network, thereby improving the coupling effect. In addition, by adjusting the length of the extension portion 232 along its extension direction x, the coupling area with the grounding member can be adjusted accordingly, thereby achieving flexible adjustment of the coupling amount.

[0092] Specifically, the angle between the extension direction x of the extension portion 232 and the extension direction y of the grounding portion 23 includes but is not limited to 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 135° or 150°, etc., and can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs.

[0093] It should be noted that the "extension portion 232" in this embodiment can be "a part of the grounding portion 23", that is, the "extension portion 232" and the "other parts of the grounding portion 23" are manufactured as one piece; it can also be an independent component separable from the "other parts of the grounding portion 23", that is, the "extension portion 232" can be manufactured independently and then combined with the "other parts of the grounding portion 23" into a whole.

[0094] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the extension part 232 is provided with a mounting groove adapted to the shape of the grounding part of the external power feeding network. In which, taking the grounding part as the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 60 as an example, the mounting groove is correspondingly set as an arc-shaped groove. After the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 60 is insulated and placed inside the mounting groove, the coupling area with the extension part 232 is large, and has a good coupling effect, and is stably set on the extension part 232. Of course, the extension part 232 can also be provided with a mounting through hole adapted to the shape of the grounding part of the external power feeding network, and the axial cross-section of the mounting through hole is correspondingly set to a shape adapted to the shape of the grounding part of the external power feeding network, so that the grounding part of the external power feeding network is installed in the mounting through hole, and the outer periphery of the grounding part of the external power feeding network is coupled and electrically connected with the extension part 232, and has a good coupling effect, and the grounding part of the external power feeding network can be stably installed on the extension part 232.

[0095] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the radiation unit further includes an insulating fastener 51. The extension portion 232 is fixedly connected to the grounding member of the external feed network through the insulating fastener 51. The insulating fastener 51 includes but is not limited to a buckle or a ring. In this way, under the action of the insulating fastener 51, the grounding member of the external feed network can be closely attached to the extension portion 232, thereby ensuring the coupling electrical connection effect between the grounding member and the extension portion 232.

[0096] Especially when a mounting groove for installing a grounding member is provided on the extension portion 232, the insulating fastener 51 enables the grounding member of the external feeding network to be firmly installed on the extension portion 232, thereby preventing the grounding member of the external feeding network from being detached from the extension portion 232, making the disassembly and assembly operation convenient and the antenna performance stable.

[0097] See also Figure 1 , Figures 11 to 16As shown in any one of the drawings, in one embodiment, a dielectric member 70 is installed inside the grounding portion 23, and the dielectric member 70 is used to isolate the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the feeding core wire of the external feeding network from the inner wall of the grounding portion 23. In this way, under the isolation effect of the dielectric member 70, it is possible to prevent the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the feeding core wire of the external feeding network from contacting with the inner wall of the grounding portion 23 and causing a short circuit. In addition, the distance between the terminal conductor segment 31 and the feeding core wire of the external feeding network can be made smaller, thereby ensuring the coupling electrical connection effect between the terminal conductor segment 31 and the feeding core wire of the external feeding network.

[0098] Optionally, the dielectric member 70 is, for example, an insulating isolation sleeve, and the outer wall of the insulating isolation sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grounding portion 23. Specifically, the insulating isolation sleeve is, for example, interference fit with the grounding portion 23, or is bonded or integrally injection molded inside the grounding portion 23. In addition, the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the feed core wires of the external feed network are all extended into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve. Among them, when the inner diameter of the grounding portion 23 remains unchanged, by adjusting the wall thickness of the insulating isolation sleeve, the distance between the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the feed core wires of the external feed network and the inner wall of the grounding portion 23 can be adjusted accordingly, and the distance between the terminal conductor segments 31 and the feed core wires of the external feed network can be adjusted.

[0099] See also Fig.12 Specifically, a first insulating layer 311 is provided on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment 31, and the terminal conductor segment 31 extends into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve. In addition, a second insulating layer 611 is provided on the outer wall of the feed core wire of the external feed network, and the feed core wire of the external feed network extends into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve. In this way, under the insulating isolation effect of the first insulating layer 311 and the second insulating layer 611, it can effectively prevent the feed core wire of the external feed network from physically contacting the terminal conductor segment 31 and affecting the intermodulation performance; in addition, the feed core wire of the external feed network and the terminal conductor segment 31 can be closely attached to each other, thereby achieving a better coupling electrical connection effect.

[0100] See also Fig.12 In one embodiment, the radiation unit further includes a metal member 80. The metal member 80 is inserted into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve. Thus, after research, it is found that when the metal member 80 is arranged inside the insulating isolation sleeve, the coupling electrical connection effect between the feed core wire of the external feed network and the terminal conductor segment 31 can be improved.

[0101] It should be noted that the number of metal parts 80 includes but is not limited to one or more, such as two, three, four or other greater numbers, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs and are not limited here.

[0102] Optionally, the metal member 80 includes but is not limited to any combination of a metal tube 81 , a metal column 82 and a metal sheet.

[0103] In one embodiment, the metal member 80 is configured as a metal tube 81, the two end conductor segments 31 are inserted into the metal tube 81, and the feed core wire of the external feed network is inserted into the metal tube 81 (eg, Fig.12 ) or the area between the outer wall of the metal tube 81 and the inner wall of the insulating isolation sleeve (as shown Fig.13 As shown in FIG. 1 , the coupling electrical connection effect between the feeding core wire of the external feeding network and the terminal conductor segment 31 can be improved.

[0104] See also Fig.11 and Fig.14 In one embodiment, the metal member 80 is configured as a metal column 82, and the metal column 82 is provided with three positioning grooves 821, and the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the feeding core wires of the external feeding network are respectively placed in the three positioning grooves 821. In this way, the coupling electrical connection effect between the feeding core wires of the external feeding network and the terminal conductor segments 31 can be improved; in addition, the three positioning grooves 821 respectively play a positioning role for the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the feeding core wires of the external feeding network, and the positions of the two terminal conductor segments 31 and the feeding core wires of the external feeding network inside the grounding portion 23 are stable and reliable, thereby ensuring the antenna performance.

[0105] Specifically, see Fig.14 For example, the metal pillars 82 are provided in a plurality, and the plurality of metal pillars 82 cooperate with each other to form three positioning grooves 821. As a specific example, there are three metal pillars 82, and any two adjacent metal pillars 82 cooperate to form a positioning groove 821. Of course, the metal pillar 82 may also be only one, such as Fig.11 As shown, three positioning grooves 821 are provided on the outer wall of a metal column 82 , and the three positioning grooves 821 are arranged in sequence along the outer circumference of the metal column 82 .

[0106] See also Fig.15 and Fig.16 In one embodiment, two metal members 80 are provided, one of which is a metal tube 81, and the other is a metal column 82. The metal column 82, the feed core wire of the external feed network, and the two terminal conductor segments 31 are all inserted into the metal tube 81. In this way, the coupling electrical connection effect between the feed core wire of the external feed network and the terminal conductor segment 31 can be improved.

[0107] Based on the above embodiments, the metal column 82 can be a solid column, such as Fig.15 As shown; the metal column 82 can also be set as a hollow column, such as Fig.16As shown, a through hole 822 is provided inside the metal column 82 , and the through hole 822 extends from one end of the metal column 82 to the other end of the metal column 82 .

[0108] In one embodiment, the first insulating layer 311 is an insulating heat shrink tube or insulating paint disposed on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment 31, and the second insulating layer 611 is an insulating heat shrink tube or insulating paint disposed on the outer wall of the feed core wire. In this way, the thickness of the first insulating layer 311 and the second insulating layer 611 can be controlled to be relatively small, thereby improving the coupling electrical connection effect between the feed core wire of the external feed network and the terminal conductor segment 31.

[0109] See also Figures 1 to 4 or Figure 5 , Figure 5 Compared to Figure 1 In terms of the balun structure 20, the difference is that the feed conductor 30 is arranged on the back of the balun arm 22, and the same structure is that the feed conductor 30 is entirely maintained on the balun structure 20. In one embodiment, the feed conductor 30 is entirely maintained on the balun structure 20. Among them, the maintenance in this embodiment is also fixed. Since the entire feed conductor 30 is maintained on the balun structure 20, the entire feed conductor 30 is coupled and electrically connected to the balun structure 20, and is not connected or coupled and electrically connected to the radiation arm 10. That is, the feed conductor 30 is, for example, arranged in a bent shape, the feed conductor 30 is extended along one of the balun arms 221 and is insulated and tightly matched with each other, and the top end of the feed conductor 30 is bent to a position corresponding to the other balun arm 221, and is insulated and tightly matched with the other balun arm 221. This can help to make the overall structure of the parallel-fed radiation unit compact, simplify assembly, and improve the overall assembly stability.

[0110] Of course, in some optional solutions, the feed conductor 30 is not limited to being entirely maintained on the balun structure 20 in the above embodiment, but for example, most of the structure is maintained on the balun structure 20, and the remaining structure can also extend to the area outside the balun structure 20, and for example, cooperate with the radiation arm 10 to couple and feed the radiation arm 10. Figure 6 or Figure 7 , Optionally, the head end conductor segment 33 of each feed conductor 30 is coupled and fed with each radiation arm 10. Each feed conductor 30 is coupled and electrically connected with the balun structure 20, and the head end conductor segment 33 has the same extension direction as the radiation arm 10 to which it is coupled and fed. Specifically, for the correspondingly connected balun arms 22 and radiation arms 10, the main conductor segment 32 is insulated and closely attached to one of the balun arms 221 to form a transmission line, and the head end conductor segment 33 is coupled and fed with the radiation arm 11 connected to the other balun arm 221.

[0111] See also Figures 1 to 4In one embodiment, the main conductor segment 32 is arranged corresponding to the balun arm 22 and is insulated and tightly attached to form a transmission line, and an insulating spacer 321 is provided on the outer wall of the main conductor segment 32. The insulating spacer 321 is arranged circumferentially around the main conductor segment 32. The insulating spacer 321 extends from one end of the main conductor segment 32 to the other end of the main conductor segment 32. In this way, the insulating spacer 321 plays an insulating and isolating role, which can prevent the main conductor segment 32 from directly physically contacting the balun structure 20 and causing a short circuit; in addition, when the insulating spacer 321 and the balun structure 20 are in contact with each other, the thickness of the insulating spacer 321 can determine the gap size between the main conductor segment 32 and the balun structure 20, thereby ensuring the impedance stability of the feed conductor 30 and achieving stable energy transmission between the feed conductor 30 and the balun structure 20. In addition, the balun structure 20 is provided with a groove 24 for installing the main conductor segment 32. When the main conductor segment 32 is tightly abutted against the groove wall of the groove 24 through the insulating isolation piece 321, it is firmly installed in the groove 24 and can avoid electrical contact with the groove wall of the groove 24 to cause a short circuit.

[0112] The groove 24 can be an integrally connected groove body (such as Figure 6 and Fig. 9 as shown) or multi-stage settings (as shown Figure 8 As shown). The main conductor segment 32 does not need to be transferred at the base 21. The main conductor segment 32 is basically constrained in the groove 24 and is coupled and electrically connected with the balun structure 20. While reducing welding, the main conductor segment 32 is constrained in the groove 24 to reduce surface wave radiation interference and ensure the performance of the radiation unit. In addition, the groove 24 is divided into multiple sections and disconnected according to actual needs to obtain better impedance matching. In addition, the radiation unit has no welding part and is a fully coupled electrical connection method, which is lower in cost, more convenient to assemble, and green and environmentally friendly.

[0113] Of course, see Fig.18 and Fig.19 The insulating spacer 321 is not limited to being a whole, but can also be set as a plurality of them, and are arranged in sequence along the extension direction of the main conductor segment 32. In this way, the insulating spacer 321 plays an insulating isolation role, which can prevent the main conductor segment 32 from directly electrically contacting with the balun structure 20 and causing a short circuit; in addition, when the insulating spacer 321 and the balun structure 20 abut against each other, the thickness of the insulating spacer 321 can determine the gap size between the main conductor segment 32 and the balun structure 20, ensure the impedance stability of the main conductor segment 32, and achieve stable energy transmission between the main conductor segment 32 and the balun structure 20. In addition, when the main conductor segment 32 is tightly abutted against the groove wall of the groove 24 through the insulating spacer 321, it can be firmly installed in the groove 24, and can avoid electrical contact with the groove wall of the groove 24 and cause a short circuit.

[0114] In some embodiments, the insulating spacer 321 includes but is not limited to various insulating materials such as rubber material, resin material, polyurethane material, etc., and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.

[0115] In some embodiments, the insulating spacer 321 includes but is not limited to being formed by integral injection molding, 3D printing, bonding, or sleeved on the outer wall of the main conductor segment 32 .

[0116] See also Figure 4 In one embodiment, the insulating spacer 321 is provided with at least one gap, thinned area or hollowed area at the bending position corresponding to the main conductor segment 32. In this way, since the insulating spacer 321 is provided with at least one gap, thinned area or hollowed area at the bending position corresponding to the main conductor segment 32, it is convenient to follow the main conductor segment 32 to perform the bending operation during the assembly process, thereby improving the assembly efficiency.

[0117] It should be noted that the main conductor segment 32 can be arranged on the front side of the balun arm 22 (such as Figure 1 As shown), it can also be arranged on the back side of the balun arm 22 (as shown Figure 5 When the main conductor segment 32 is arranged on the front of the balun arm 22, the overall space occupied is small, and the volume size can be reduced; when the main conductor segment 32 is arranged on the back of the balun arm 22, energy leakage can be avoided, and the radiation energy of the main conductor segment 32 will not hit the different-frequency oscillator located in the radiation unit in the coaxial array solution, so that the interference caused by the mutual radiation is small, preventing the weak radiation from causing adverse effects on the different-frequency oscillators.

[0118] See also Figure 5 In one embodiment, the main conductor segment 32 is arranged on the back side of the balun structure 20 , the side wall of the grounding portion 23 is set as a non-closed structure, and the end conductor segment 31 can penetrate into the grounding portion 23 from the outer periphery of the grounding portion 23 .

[0119] It should be noted that the non-closed structure refers to selecting a certain point in the side wall as the starting point, and moving one circle from the starting point along the circumferential direction around the side wall without being able to return to the starting point.

[0120] Specifically, the side wall of the grounding portion 23 is formed with a gap connected to the inside of the grounding portion 23, so that the side wall of the grounding portion 23 is a non-enclosed structure, so that the terminal conductor segment 31 can pass through the gap and be installed in the grounding portion 23. In this way, when the main conductor segment 32 is installed on the back of the balun structure 20, it can be coupled and electrically connected with the balun structure 20, and at the same time, it can prevent weak radiation from causing adverse effects on the heterodyne; in addition, the terminal conductor segment 31 can be installed in the grounding portion 23 through the gap, so that the terminal conductor segment 31 and the grounding portion 23 can be electrically connected to the external feeding network respectively, and the impedance is guaranteed to be within a reasonable range.

[0121] When the main conductor segment 32 is arranged on the back side of the balun structure 20, compared with being arranged on the front side of the balun structure 20, the main conductor segment 32 is more likely to fall off the balun structure 20, and the installation stability is relatively poor, thereby reducing the performance. Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the radiation unit further includes a first insulating fixing member 52 correspondingly disposed on the balun arm 22. The first insulating fixing member 52 can fix the main conductor segment 32 on the balun arm 22. In this way, under the action of the first insulating fixing member 52, the main conductor segment 32 can be prevented from falling off the balun arm 22, so that the main conductor segment 32 is stably mounted on the balun arm 22.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first insulating fixing member 52 includes but is not limited to a buckle, specifically a plastic buckle, a rubber buckle, etc. In this way, it is mounted on the balun arm 22 by buckle clamping, and disassembly and assembly are relatively convenient and quick. Optionally, the number of the first insulating fixing member 52 is, for example, 1, 2, 3 or other numbers, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs, and is not limited here, as long as the main conductor segment 32 can be firmly fixed on the balun arm 22 to prevent it from falling from the balun arm 22.

[0123] See also Fig.10 In one embodiment, the radiation unit further includes a second insulating fixing member 53 disposed on the base 21. The second insulating fixing member 53 is used to fix the main conductor segment 32 on the base 21. In this way, the main conductor segment 32 can be stably mounted on the base 21 to prevent the main conductor segment 32 from being loosened from the base 21, thereby ensuring the antenna performance.

[0124] See also Figure 6 In some embodiments, when the head-end conductor segment 33 is arranged on the radiation arm 10, the radiation unit further includes a third insulating fixture 54 correspondingly arranged on the radiation arm 10. The third insulating fixture 54 is used to fix the head-end conductor segment 33 on the radiation arm 10. In this way, the third insulating fixture 54 can stably install the head-end conductor segment 33 on the radiation arm 10, improve the installation stability of the feed conductor 30 on the radiation arm 10, and thus ensure the antenna performance.

[0125] Optionally, the second insulating fixing member 53 and the third insulating fixing member 54 are similar to the first insulating fixing member 52 , including but not limited to being buckles.

[0126] See also Fig. 9In one embodiment, the balun arm 22 is provided with a first hollow opening 222, and the main conductor segment 32 can pass through the first hollow opening 222 from the back side of the balun arm 22 to the front side of the balun arm 22. In this way, by providing the first hollow opening 222, the main conductor segment 32 can be passed from the front side of the balun arm 22 to the back side of the balun arm 22, or from the back side of the balun arm 22 to the front side of the balun arm 22, or not passed through, according to actual conditions, so that the assembly of the main conductor segment 32 on the balun arm 22 will be more flexible and reliable; in addition, the first hollow opening 222 formed by partially hollowing out the balun arm 22 can adjust the impedance value to obtain better impedance matching.

[0127] In some embodiments, the shape of the first hollow opening 222 includes but is not limited to regular shapes such as polygons, circles or ellipses and other special shapes, which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs and are not limited here. The polygon can be a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, etc.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first hollow opening 222 can be an opening with all sides closed or an opening with no closed area. The first hollow opening 222 can be arranged on the bottom wall of the groove 24 of the balun arm 22, on the side wall of the groove 24 of the balun arm 22, or on the bottom wall and side wall of the groove 24 of the balun arm 22 respectively.

[0129] In some embodiments, the number of the first hollow openings 222 includes but is not limited to one, two, three or other numbers. When the number of the first hollow openings 222 is set to multiple, the multiple first hollow openings 222 are arranged on the bottom wall or side wall of the groove 24 at equal intervals or unequal intervals, and the shapes of the first hollow openings 222 can be the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0130] In one embodiment, a second hollow opening is provided on the base 21 , and the main conductor segment 32 can pass through the second hollow opening from the back side of the base 21 to the front side of the base 21 .

[0131] In one embodiment, four radiating arms 10 are provided and arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiating arms 10 arranged diagonally are provided with the same polarization. Four balun arms 22 are provided, and the four balun arms 22 are connected to the four radiating arms 10 accordingly; four feeding conductors 30 are provided, and the four feeding conductors 30 are provided correspondingly to the four radiating arms 10. At least two grounding portions 23 are provided, and the two grounding portions 23 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the two pairs of polarized feeding conductors 30, respectively.

[0132] In some embodiments, the radiation unit in this embodiment can be either a single-polarization radiation unit or a dual-polarization radiation unit, which can be selected according to actual needs. Among them, this embodiment and the accompanying drawings are specifically shown as an example in which the radiation unit is set as a dual-polarization radiation unit, but it is not limited to this. Each polarization direction has two radiation arms 10 and two feeding conductors 30 that feed the two radiation arms 10 of the same polarization. The grounding part 23 is correspondingly set to two, and each grounding part 23 is set corresponding to the two feeding conductors 30 of each polarization. The top of each feeding conductor 30 is set to an open end, and the top of each feeding conductor 30 is coupled and fed with its corresponding radiation arm 10, and the end conductor segment 31 at the bottom of each feeding conductor 30 extends into the grounding part 23 and is directly coupled and electrically connected with the feeding core wire of the external feeding network.

[0133] See also Figure 1 and Fig.10 In one embodiment, each balun arm 22 and / or base 21 is provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of each main conductor segment 32. The main conductor segment 32 is placed in the groove 24 corresponding to its position and is insulated from the groove 24. In this way, each main conductor segment 32 is constrained in the groove 24 to form a transmission line with each balun arm 22 and / or base 21 for feeding, which can reduce welding points while reducing surface wave radiation and achieving coplanar transmission, thereby improving the performance of the radiation unit. In addition, the groove 24 fixes the main conductor segment 32, and the overall structure is compact. In addition, since the main conductor segment 32 and the groove 24 are insulated from each other, it can prevent the main conductor segment 32 from physically contacting the balun arm 22 and / or base 21 to cause a short circuit.

[0134] As some optional solutions, each balun arm 22 is provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of each main conductor segment 32, and the base 21 does not need to be provided with a groove 24. Alternatively, the base 21 is provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of each main conductor segment 32, and the balun arm 22 does not need to be provided with a groove 24 (such as Fig.19 As shown). Alternatively, the base 21 and each balun arm 22 do not need to be provided with a groove 24, and the main conductor segment 32 is arranged on the surface of the base 21 and the surface of the balun arm 22, so as to realize a microstrip line structure. Among them, the advantages of the air microstrip line: the air microstrip line itself has a lower loss than the feeding loss of the coaxial cable 60, and the use of this form will obtain a higher radiation efficiency. In addition, compared with the coplanar transmission line, this form has a more flexible size setting, making the impedance matching more convenient and controllable.

[0135] See also Figure 1 and Fig.10In one embodiment, when the balun arm 22 and the base 21 are each provided with a groove 24 corresponding to the position of the same main conductor segment 32, the groove 24 on the balun arm 22 and the groove 24 on the base 21 are connected to each other. In this way, the same main conductor segment 32 can be placed in the groove 24 of the balun arm 22 and the groove 24 of the base 21 respectively without switching, which not only facilitates the disassembly and assembly operation of the main conductor segment 32, but also because after the main conductor segment 32 is installed in the groove 24, all parts of the main conductor segment 32 along its length direction are placed in the groove 24, and will not protrude from the area outside the surface of the balun arm 22 and the outer area of ​​the base 21, so that the surface wave radiation interference is greatly reduced, thereby improving the performance of the radiation unit.

[0136] Specifically, for the two main conductor segments 32 of the same polarization, grooves 24 are provided on the two balun arms 22 corresponding to the positions of the two main conductor segments 32 of the same polarization, and two grooves 24 corresponding to the positions of the two main conductor segments 32 of the same polarization are provided on the base 21, and the grooves 24 on the two balun arms 22 are connected with the two grooves 24 on the base 21 to form a through groove.

[0137] See also Figure 1 In a specific embodiment, the number of the radiation arms 10 is four and they are arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiation arms 10 arranged diagonally are set to the same polarization, that is, the two radiation arms 10 arranged on one of the diagonals work in a polarization direction of +45°, for example, and the two radiation arms 10 arranged on the other diagonal work in a polarization direction of -45°, for example. In addition, the number of the balun arms 22 is four, and the four balun arms 22 are connected to the four radiation arms 10 accordingly. In addition, the number of the feed conductors 30 is four, and the four feed conductors 30 are arranged corresponding to the four radiation arms 10. The base 21 is provided with four grooves 24 respectively arranged corresponding to the four main conductor segments 32. The grooves 24 in one polarization direction and the grooves 24 in another polarization direction are arranged crosswise with each other and have different depths. In this way, for the dual-polarization radiation unit, when the main conductor segments 32 in two different polarization directions are installed in two grooves 24 arranged crosswise with each other and having different depths, they can be arranged crosswise at different heights, so as to avoid mutual interference during installation due to the same height.

[0138] In addition, each radiating arm 10 includes two radiating arms 11, and the radiating arms 11 are straight, so that the four radiating arms 10 together form a quadrilateral. In another embodiment, the radiating arms 11 are arc-shaped, so that the four radiating arms 10 together form a circle or ring.

[0139] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7In one embodiment, the extension direction of the head-end conductor segment 33 is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding coupled-fed radiation arm 10. Specifically, the extension direction of the head-end conductor segment 33 is the same as the extension direction of the corresponding coupled-fed radiation single arm 11. In addition, when the head-end conductor segment 33 is configured in a sheet shape, the shape of the head-end conductor segment 33 is adapted to the shape of the corresponding coupled-fed radiation single arm 11.

[0140] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 In one embodiment, each radiating arm 10 is provided with a coupling slot 12, and each head-end conductor segment 33 is correspondingly placed in each coupling slot 12 and forms a transmission line with the slot wall of the coupling slot 12 for feeding. In this way, by adding a coupling slot 12 to the radiating arm 10, each head-end conductor segment 33 is correspondingly coupled with each coupling slot 12 to achieve coupling and feeding of each radiating arm 10. In addition, the head-end conductor segment 33 is arranged in the coupling slot 12 through the second insulating medium and can be stably arranged in the coupling slot 12. Among them, the coupling slot 12 can be a slot body that extends continuously or a slot body that extends discontinuously, and can be flexibly adjusted and arranged according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0141] Specifically, the coupling slot 12 includes but is not limited to being a card slot, and the head end conductor segment 33 is carded in the coupling slot 12. Of course, the coupling slot 12 is not limited to being a card slot, and the head end conductor segment 33 can also be fixedly set in the coupling slot 12 in other ways, such as being pressed in the coupling slot 12 by its own pressing force, and being fixed in the coupling slot 12 by adhesive bonding, etc.

[0142] In some embodiments, the end conductor segment 31 , the main body conductor segment 32 and the head end conductor segment 33 are, for example, integrally formed, specifically including but not limited to integrally formed by sheet metal, integrally formed by die casting or formed by bending.

[0143] See also Figures 1 to 4 Another embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, which includes the radiating unit of any of the above embodiments, and also includes an external feeding network, the base 21 is coupled and electrically connected to the grounding piece of the external feeding network, and the two end conductor segments 31 are directly coupled and electrically connected to the feeding core wire of the external feeding network.

[0144] The technical effect of the above-mentioned antenna is brought by the radiation unit in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the beneficial effect is the same as the beneficial effect of the radiation unit, which will not be repeated here.

[0145] In some embodiments, the antenna includes a low-frequency radiation unit for radiating low-frequency signals and / or a high-frequency radiation unit for radiating high-frequency signals. At least one low-frequency radiation unit can be arrayed, and at least one low-frequency radiation unit adopts the radiation unit of this embodiment; at least one high-frequency radiation unit can be arrayed, and at least one high-frequency radiation unit adopts the radiation unit structure of this innovation; further, at least one low-frequency array and at least one high-frequency array can be arrayed adjacently, and a high-frequency radiation unit can be arrayed between two adjacent low-frequency radiation units, and a high-frequency radiation unit can be nested in a low-frequency radiation unit, and the low-frequency radiation unit can adopt the radiation unit of this embodiment, for example; further, any low-frequency radiation array can be arranged in a plurality of different and / or identical high-frequency arrays, and at least one high-frequency radiation unit adopts the radiation unit of this embodiment; it can be specifically set by technicians according to system performance requirements, such as gain requirements.

[0146] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0147] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0148] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0149] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that: The radiation unit comprises: Two radiating arms forming the same polarization; A balun structure, the balun structure comprising a base and two balun arms, the top of each balun arm is correspondingly connected to each radiation arm, the bottom of each balun arm is respectively connected to the base, and the bottom of the balun arm or the base is provided with a grounding portion; Two feeding conductors, each of the feeding conductors is correspondingly arranged on each of the balun arms, and the two feeding conductors feed the two radiating arms respectively; the terminal conductor segments of the two feeding conductors are used to connect to an external feeding network, the terminal conductor segments of the two feeding conductors and the terminal segment of the feeding core wire of the external feeding network are gathered and arranged on the grounding part at intervals, and the two terminal conductor segments and the three terminal segments all reuse the grounding part as a radio frequency ground, and the two terminal conductor segments and the three terminal segments are coupled and electrically connected.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two terminal conductor segments, the terminal segment and the ground portion form a power divider.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiating arm is matched and interconnected with the external feeding network through the two feeding conductors and the power divider.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: By adjusting the impedance parameters of the end conductor segments of the two feeding conductors in the power divider, the power of the radio frequency signals on the two radiating arms can be adjusted.

5. The radiation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impedance parameter adjustment of the terminal conductor segments of the two feed conductors is achieved by at least one of the cross-sectional dimensions of the two terminal conductor segments, the distances between the two terminal conductor segments and the ground portion and the terminal segments, and the spacing between the two terminal conductor segments.

6. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding portion is integrally formed with the bottom of the balun arm or the base.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the feed conductors is correspondingly arranged with each of the balun arms and the grounding portion to form a transmission line for feeding, and the head end conductor segments of the two feed conductors are set as open ends.

8. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding portion is coupled and electrically connected to a grounding element of the external power feeding network.

9. The radiation unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The grounding portion is provided with an extension portion, and the extension portion is attached to and electrically coupled with a grounding piece of the external feeding network.

10. The radiation unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: An extending direction x of the extending portion and an extending direction y of the ground pin are arranged at an angle.

11. The radiation unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The extension portion is provided with an installation groove or an installation through hole adapted to the shape of the grounding member of the external feeding network; and / or the radiation unit further includes an insulating fastener, and the extension portion is fixedly connected to the grounding member of the external feeding network via the insulating fastener.

12. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit further comprises a dielectric member, which is arranged corresponding to the grounding portion. The two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment are both located on one side of the dielectric member, and the grounding portion is located on the other side of the dielectric member.

13. The radiation unit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The dielectric member is disposed in the gap between the grounding portion and the terminal conductor segment of the feed conductor; or the dielectric member is integrated between the grounding portion and the terminal conductor segment by injection molding.

14. The radiation unit according to claim 12, characterized in that: The grounding part is configured as a hollow conductor part, the dielectric member, the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment are all installed inside the grounding part, and the dielectric member is used to isolate the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment from the inner wall of the grounding part.

15. The radiation unit according to claim 14, characterized in that: The dielectric member is an insulating isolation sleeve, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grounding portion; a first insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment, and the terminal conductor segment extends into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve; a second insulating layer is provided on the outer wall of the terminal segment, and the terminal segment extends into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve.

16. The radiation unit according to claim 15, characterized in that: The radiation unit further comprises a metal piece, and the metal piece is penetrated into the interior of the insulating isolation sleeve.

17. The radiation unit according to claim 16, characterized in that: The metal piece is configured as a metal tube, the two terminal conductor segments are arranged inside the metal tube, and the terminal segments are arranged inside the metal tube or in a region between an outer wall of the metal tube and an inner wall of the insulating isolation sleeve.

18. The radiation unit according to claim 16, characterized in that: The metal piece is configured as a metal column, the metal column is provided with three positioning grooves, and the two terminal conductor segments and the terminal segment are respectively placed in the three positioning grooves.

19. The radiation unit according to claim 18, characterized in that: There are two metal pieces, one of which is a metal tube, and the other is a metal column. The metal column, the terminal segment and the two terminal conductor segments are all inserted into the metal tube.

20. The radiation unit according to claim 15, characterized in that The first insulating layer is an insulating heat shrink tube or insulating varnish arranged on the outer wall of the terminal conductor segment, and the second insulating layer is an insulating heat shrink tube or insulating varnish arranged on the outer wall of the feed core wire.

21. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed conductor also includes a main conductor segment, which is connected to the end conductor segment, and the main conductor segment is arranged corresponding to the balun arm and constitutes a transmission line for feeding; an insulating spacer is provided on the outer wall of the main conductor segment, and the insulating spacer is arranged circumferentially around the main conductor segment; the insulating spacer extends from one end of the main conductor segment to the other end of the main conductor segment, or the insulating spacer is provided in plurality and is arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the extension direction of the main conductor segment.

22. The radiation unit according to claim 21, characterized in that The main conductor segment is arranged on the front side of the balun arm, or on the back side of the balun arm.

23. The radiation unit according to claim 21, characterized in that The main conductor segment is arranged on the back side of the balun structure, the side wall of the grounding portion is configured as a non-closed structure, and the terminal conductor segment can penetrate into the grounding portion from the outer periphery of the grounding portion.

24. The radiation unit according to claim 21, characterized in that The radiation unit further includes a first insulating fixing member correspondingly arranged on the balun arm, and the first insulating fixing member is used to fix the main conductor segment on the balun arm.

25. The radiation unit according to claim 21, characterized in that The radiation unit further comprises a second insulating fixing member disposed on the base, and the second insulating fixing member is used to fix the main conductor segment on the base.

26. The radiation unit according to claim 21, characterized in that The balun arm is provided with a first hollow opening, and the main conductor segment can pass through the first hollow opening from the back side of the balun arm to the front side of the balun arm.

27. The radiation unit according to claim 21, characterized in that The base is provided with a second hollow opening, and the main conductor segment can pass through the second hollow opening from the back side of the base to the front side of the base.

28. The radiation unit according to claim 21, characterized in that Each of the balun arms and / or the base is provided with a groove corresponding to the position of each of the main conductor segments; the main conductor segments are placed in the grooves corresponding to their positions and are insulated from the grooves.

29. The radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that: The number of the radiating arms is four and they are arranged diagonally in pairs, and the two radiating arms arranged diagonally are set to the same polarization; the number of the balun arms is four and the four balun arms are connected to the four radiating arms accordingly; the number of the feeding conductors is four and the four feeding conductors are arranged to correspond to the four radiating arms; the number of the grounding parts is at least two and the two grounding parts are arranged to correspond to the two pairs of polarized feeding conductors one by one respectively.

30. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a radiation unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 29, and further comprises an external feeding network, the base is coupled and electrically connected to a grounding member of the external feeding network, and the two end conductor segments are directly coupled and electrically connected to the end segment.

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