PD intelligent charging and serial communication conversion all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a PD intelligent charging and serial communication conversion all-in-one machine, which belongs to the technical field of electronics and comprises a USB-C mobile equipment interface, a serial communication interface, a USB-C charging interface and a control module. A PD management module, an MOS charging module, a USB to serial port module and a level conversion module are arranged in the control module. The PD management module is connected with the USB-C mobile equipment interface and the MOS charging module to control charging; the MOS charging module charges and discharges and feeds back information under the control of the USB-to-serial port module, the USB-to-serial port module converts interface level, the level conversion module converts TTL or RS232 level, the charging and data transmission functions are integrated, the equipment size is reduced, the portability is improved, charging can be accurately controlled, the service life of a battery is prolonged, and stable and accurate data transmission is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to an all-in-one PD smart charger and serial communication converter. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most CP2101 all-in-one devices on the market have independent communication and charging functions. This requires connecting multiple different interfaces and modules, making the device inconvenient. Furthermore, the combination of independent modules increases the size and cost of the device, hindering its miniaturization and widespread application. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an all-in-one PD smart charging and serial communication conversion device to solve the problem that devices with separate charging and data transmission functions on the market often require multiple interfaces and independent modules, resulting in bulky devices and inconvenience in carrying.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a PD smart charging and serial communication conversion all-in-one machine, comprising:

[0005] A USB-C mobile device interface, a serial communication interface, a USB-C charging interface, and a control module. The control module includes a PD management module, a MOS charging module, a USB-to-serial port module, and a level conversion module. The connections between these modules are as follows;

[0006] The PD management module is connected to the USB-C mobile device interface on one hand and to the MOS charging module on the other hand. It communicates with the mobile device through the CC pin and handshakes. The management module is developed in C language and runs a program. The built-in USB-C_VBUS_DET and VBUS_EN pins are used to monitor current and voltage. Based on the monitored current and voltage, the LDR6020E chip is dynamically controlled to match the power supply protocol to control charging.

[0007] MOS charging module, the USB-C charging interface, under the control of the PD management module, uses P-MOS tubes for charging and discharging, and collects current and voltage information through multiple transistors, and feeds it back to the PD management module in real time;

[0008] A USB-to-serial port module is connected to the USB-C mobile device interface on one hand and to the level conversion module on the other hand, and converts the USB-C mobile device interface into a TTL or RS232 level serial communication interface through an internally integrated USB clock, voltage regulator, and programmable memory;

[0009] A TTL-level conversion module is connected to the serial communication interface to convert the TTL or RS232 levels output by the USB to serial port module;

[0010] The PD management module and the USB-serial port module are connected to the USB-C mobile device interface, so that the USB-C mobile device interface provides RS232 serial communication protocol data and charging supply to the external device.

[0011] Furthermore, the P-MOS tube adopts a P-MOS tube with a wide voltage and large current, an operating temperature of -55°C to 150°C, and a model A04805.

[0012] Furthermore, the PD management module is specifically an LDR6020E chip, which integrates multiple power supply protocol matching algorithms.

[0013] Furthermore, the USB to serial port module is a CP2104 chip.

[0014] Furthermore, the USB-C mobile device interface and the PD management module are connected via a differential signal line.

[0015] Furthermore, the MOS charging module and the PD management module use the SPI communication protocol for data exchange.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] Working Principle: The USB-C charging port is responsible for connecting to an external power supply. Once connected, the PD management module begins handshaking communication with the external power supply and monitors the current and voltage in real time. Based on the monitoring results, it controls the MOS charging module to perform charging operations. At the same time, the USB-to-serial port module converts the data signal received by the USB-C mobile device interface into a TTL level signal. Subsequently, the level conversion module converts the TTL level signal into an RS232 level signal, thereby realizing data communication with the external serial communication interface device. In this way, the device can realize charging and data transmission functions simultaneously.

[0018] Beneficial effects: In the past, devices with separate charging and data transmission functions on the market often required multiple interfaces and independent modules, resulting in bulky devices and inconvenience in carrying. The present invention integrates charging and data transmission functions into one through a shared USB interface and integrated module design, significantly reducing the size of the device and improving the portability of the device. For example, in a mobile office scenario, the device carried by the user is smaller and lighter, reducing the burden of carrying multiple devices. The present invention realizes precise charging control through the collaborative work of the PD management module and the MOS charging module. By real-time monitoring of current and voltage and matching the appropriate power supply protocol, it can effectively avoid damage to the device caused by overcharging, over-discharging and voltage and current fluctuations, and extend the battery life of the front-end device; through the combination of the USB to serial port module and the level conversion module, the stability and accuracy of data transmission are guaranteed. Especially in long-distance data transmission, the anti-interference ability of the RS232 level signal and the signal conversion mechanism between modules enable data to be accurately transmitted to the target device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a circuit block diagram of a PD smart charging and serial communication conversion all-in-one device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the MOS charging module of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the USB-to-serial port module of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the circuit of the level conversion module of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the PD management module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0026] The following specific embodiments are used to describe the technical solution of the present invention in detail. The following specific embodiments can be combined or replaced with each other according to actual conditions, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention provides a PD smart charging and serial communication conversion all-in-one, including, when the PD smart charging and serial communication conversion all-in-one is started, the USB-C mobile device interface is in a waiting state. At this time, it can automatically detect the access status of external data interaction devices (such as computers, industrial equipment, etc.) and establish a connection with the all-in-one through the USB-C mobile device interface. This is because the circuit design inside the USB-C mobile device interface follows the standard specifications of the USB interface, and its power pins (VBUS), data pins (D+, D-) and CC pins all have corresponding electrical characteristics and signal recognition capabilities. When an external power supply device is connected, the USB-C mobile device interface transmits the VBUS voltage signal to the PD management module through a specific resistor divider circuit. At the same time, the CC pin performs a communication handshake with the external power supply device and starts to negotiate the power supply protocol. If a data interaction device is connected, the data pin of the interface is ready to receive or send data signals.

[0028] The PD management module, using the LDR6020E chip, immediately activates its internal communication and monitoring functions upon receiving a signal from the USB-C mobile device's interface. Through a deep communication handshake with the external power source via the CC pin, it obtains information about the power supply protocol supported by the external power source. The built-in USB-C_VBUS_DET pin accurately monitors the VBUS voltage, while the VBUS_EN pin controls the charging circuit. The PD management module selects the appropriate power supply level based on the front-end device's battery status and charging requirements.

[0029] The P-MOS tube (A04805) in the MOS charging module performs charging and discharging operations under the control of the PD management module. The on and off of the P-MOS tube is controlled by the gate drive signal output by the PD management module. When charging is required, the PD management module outputs an appropriate drive voltage to turn on the P-MOS tube, and the power of the external power supply device flows to the battery of the front-end device through the P-MOS tube.

[0030] A sampling circuit composed of multiple transistors (such as NPN transistors) is connected to the source and drain of the P-MOS tube to collect the current and voltage information of the P-MOS tube in real time. These transistors operate in the amplification region and amplify the collected tiny current and voltage changes. For example, through a simple resistor divider and current sampling circuit, the drain voltage and source current of the P-MOS tube are converted into voltage signals suitable for ADC acquisition. This sampled data is then transmitted to the PD management module via the SPI communication protocol. Based on this feedback information, the PD management module accurately adjusts the conduction level of the P-MOS tube to achieve precise control of the charging current and voltage, ensuring that the charging process meets the requirements of the front-end equipment while improving charging efficiency and safety.

[0031] Principle of USB-to-serial port module and level conversion module; When a data interaction device (such as a computer) is connected to the all-in-one machine through the USB-C mobile device interface and sends data, the data signal first enters the USB-to-serial port module (CP2104 chip). The USB interface circuit inside the USB-to-serial port module receives the data signal, and then, under the synchronization of the USB clock, decodes and processes the data signal according to a specific protocol format. According to the preset serial port communication parameters (baud rate, data bits, stop bits, etc.), the USB-to-serial port module converts the USB signal into a TTL-level serial port communication signal. The converted TTL-level signal is transmitted to the level conversion module (including the MAX232ESE chip). The charge pump circuit inside the module converts the TTL-level signal into an RS232-level signal, thereby improving the signal's anti-interference ability and transmission distance.

[0032] The PD smart charging and serial communication conversion all-in-one machine of the present invention assigns the charging function and the data transmission function to different modules respectively. Among them, the PD management module and the MOS charging module are responsible for charging, and the USB to serial port module and the level conversion module are responsible for data transmission. This clear division of labor allows each module to focus on the realization of its own function, reduces mutual interference, and provides an infrastructure for simultaneous charging and data transmission. At the same time, the modules work together through specific signal connections and communication protocols. The PD management module communicates and shakes hands with the front-end device through the CC pin of the USB. While determining the charging demand, it will not affect the data pin of the USB interface for data transmission. The USB to serial port module and the level conversion module monitor the signal changes of the data pin in real time, convert and transmit the received data, and do not conflict with the work of the charging module.

[0033] Finally, the highly efficient A04805 P-MOS transistor is used for charging and discharging. It features a wide voltage and high current input, low loss, and low heat generation, and can operate normally in an operating temperature range of -55°C to 150°C. This not only ensures charging efficiency and stability, but also reduces power supply fluctuations and electromagnetic interference that may affect data transmission during the charging process. It also enables the charging module to operate reliably in a variety of operating environments, creating a stable power supply environment for simultaneous data transmission.

[0034] The CP2104 has an integrated voltage regulator, which stabilizes the internal power supply to a certain extent and reduces the impact of external power supply noise on its own operation. Furthermore, the device may have adopted electromagnetic shielding measures during design, such as shielding sensitive data lines on the circuit board or maximizing the physical distance between the charging circuit and the data transmission circuit in the module layout to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference generated during charging on data transmission.

[0035] The above contents are some specific implementation methods of the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PD smart charging and serial communication conversion integrated machine, characterized in that: include: A USB-C mobile device interface, a serial communication interface, a USB-C charging interface and a control module. The control module is equipped with a PD management module, a MOS charging module, a USB to serial port module and a level conversion module. The connections between the modules are as follows; The PD management module is connected to the USB-C mobile device interface on the one hand, and is connected to the MOS charging module on the other hand, and communicates with the mobile device by handshake via the CC pin. The management module operation program is developed in C language, and the built-in USB-C_VBUS_DET and VBUS_EN pins are used to monitor the current and voltage, and the LDR6020E chip is dynamically controlled to match the power supply protocol to control charging according to the monitored current and voltage conditions; MOS charging module: The USB-C charging interface uses P-MOS tubes for charging and discharging under the control of the PD management module, collects current and voltage information through multiple transistors, and feeds back to the PD management module in real time; A USB to serial port module is connected to the USB-C mobile device interface on one hand, and is connected to the level conversion module on the other hand, and converts the USB-C mobile device interface into a serial communication interface at a TTL or RS232 level through an internally integrated USB clock, voltage regulator and programmable memory; A TTL-level conversion module, connected to the serial communication interface, converts the TTL or RS232 level output by the USB to serial port module into each other; The PD management module and the USB-to-serial port module are connected to the USB-C mobile device interface, so that the USB-C mobile device interface provides RS232 serial port communication protocol data and charging supply to the external device.

2. The PD smart charging and serial communication conversion integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The P-MOS tube adopts a P-MOS tube with a wide voltage and large current, an operating temperature of -55°C to 150°C, and a model of A04805.

3. The PD smart charging and serial communication conversion integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PD management module is specifically a LDR6020E chip, which integrates a variety of existing power supply protocol matching algorithms.

4. The PD smart charging and serial communication conversion integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The USB to serial port module is a CP2104 chip.

5. The PD smart charging and serial communication conversion integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The USB-C mobile device interface is connected to the PD management module via a differential signal line.

6. The PD smart charging and serial communication conversion integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MOS charging module and the PD management module use the SPI communication protocol for data exchange.

Images