Magnetohydrodynamic generator, power generation system and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of generators, in particular to a magnetohydrodynamic generator, a power generation system and a use method. A magnetohydrodynamic generator comprises a magnetic rotor ring which is provided with a first magnetic pole and is suitable for being connected with a rotating piece; the power generation assembly comprises a power generation working medium; the magnetic stator ring is provided with a second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole are oppositely arranged, the periphery of the magnetic rotor ring is sleeved with the magnetic stator ring, the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring are arranged in a spaced mode, a magnetic gas cavity is formed between the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring, and a power generation working medium is contained in the magnetic gas cavity; or, the periphery of the magnetic stator ring is sleeved with the magnetic rotor ring, the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring are arranged at intervals, a magnetic gas cavity is formed between the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring, and the power generation working medium is contained in the magnetic gas cavity. The invention provides a magnetohydrodynamic generator, a power generation system and a use method, and aims to solve the problems of high maintenance cost and low efficiency caused by complex structure and high failure rate of a traditional power generation system and a transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of generators, and in particular to a magnetohydrodynamic generator, a power generation system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, wind turbines, especially offshore wind turbines, are mainly 10MW and above. With the development of technology, wind turbines with higher power are becoming more and more popular in the market.

[0003] The blade length of wind turbines above 10MW reaches hundreds of meters, the rotor speed is extremely low, only 10-20 revolutions per minute, the rotor diameter is more than 10 meters, and the weight reaches hundreds of tons. Because of the extremely low speed, a transmission with huge size and weight is needed to increase the speed to match the speed of the generator.

[0004] The magnetohydrodynamic generator is a new type of power generation method that began to be studied in the 1950s. Its principle is the same as that of an ordinary generator, that is, a moving conductor cuts the magnetic lines of force to generate induced electromotive force and induced current.

[0005] At present, the linear rectangular cross-section power generation channel commonly used in magnetohydrodynamic generators has a characteristic distance of the electrode spacing, which is generally 10 -2 -10 -1 The external magnetic field of the liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic generator is generally generated by a permanent magnet, with a magnetic field strength of about 1T and a liquid metal flow rate of 10 1 m / s.

[0006] Traditional power generation systems, such as wind turbines, require transmissions. However, the transmissions themselves have a complex structure and a high failure rate, which results in high maintenance costs and low efficiency of wind turbines, affecting the development of ultra-high power wind turbines. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a magnetohydrodynamic generator, a power generation system and a method of use to solve the problem that traditional power generation systems, such as wind turbines, require a transmission, the transmission itself has a complex structure and a high failure rate, resulting in high overall maintenance costs and low efficiency.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a magnetohydrodynamic generator, comprising:

[0009] A magnetic rotor ring, the magnetic rotor ring having a first magnetic pole, the magnetic rotor ring being suitable for connecting with a rotating member;

[0010] A power generation component, wherein the power generation component includes a power generation medium;

[0011] A magnetic stator ring, wherein the magnetic rotor ring has a second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole are arranged oppositely, the magnetic stator ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the magnetic rotor ring, the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring are arranged at intervals, a magnetic air cavity is formed between the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring, and a power generation medium is contained in the magnetic air cavity;

[0012] or,

[0013] The magnetic rotor ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the magnetic stator ring. The magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring are spaced apart. A magnetic air cavity is formed between the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring. The magnetic air cavity contains a power generation medium.

[0014] A magnetic air cavity is provided between the magnetic rotor ring and the magnetic stator ring, and the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole form magnetic lines of force. The rotating member drives the magnetic rotor ring to rotate, and the magnetic rotor ring is driven to rotate. The power generation medium is driven to rotate in the magnetic air cavity, and the power generation medium cuts the magnetic lines of force in the circumferential direction, thereby generating high-power electric energy. In the whole process, the magnetic rotor ring does not need to have a high speed. For a wind turbine, the blade drives the rotating member to rotate, and the rotating member directly drives the magnetic rotor ring to rotate. The difference between the blade speed and the magnetic rotor ring speed is very small. Therefore, a transmission is no longer needed, and it has the advantages of simple structure and high power generation efficiency.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the power generation component further includes a plurality of roller blades, each of which is fixed on the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic rotor ring, and the roller blades are used to drive the power generation medium to rotate.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the roller blades are arranged along the circumference of the magnetic rotor ring, adjacent roller blades are arranged at intervals, and the corresponding angles of adjacent roller blades are 3°-30°.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the magnetic rotor ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating member, and the rotating member drives the magnetic rotor ring to rotate.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, it further includes a pair of annular electrodes, one of the annular electrodes is arranged at one end of the magnetic air cavity, and sealing rings are respectively arranged between the annular electrode and the magnetic rotor ring and the magnetic stator ring.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, it further includes a shell, the magnetic rotor ring and the magnetic stator ring are respectively arranged in the shell, the rotating member partially extends out of the shell, and the electrode end portion of the annular electrode extends out of the shell.

[0020] In an optional implementation, the cross-sections of the magnetic stator ring and the magnetic rotor ring are both annular, and the length of the magnetic stator ring is equal to the length of the magnetic rotor ring.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the power generation component further includes a plurality of roller blades, each of which is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the magnetic rotor ring, and the roller blade drives the power generation medium to rotate.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a power generation system, comprising the above-mentioned magnetohydrodynamic generator.

[0023] On the third aspect, the present invention also provides a method for using a magnetohydrodynamic generator, wherein the magnetic rotor ring is driven to rotate relative to the magnetic stator ring, driving the generator medium to rotate in the magnetic air cavity, so that the generator medium cuts the magnetic lines of force in the circumferential direction, thereby generating electrical energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front view of the magnetohydrodynamic generator of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a magnetohydrodynamic generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention

[0027] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the magnetohydrodynamic generator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. magnetic rotor ring; 2. magnetic stator ring; 3. roller blades; 4. rotating part; 5. annular electrode; 6. housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Combine the following Figures 1 to 3 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a magnetohydrodynamic generator is provided, comprising: a magnetic rotor ring 1, the magnetic rotor ring 1 having a first magnetic pole, the magnetic rotor ring 1 being connected to a rotating member 4; a power generation assembly, the power generation assembly comprising a power generation medium; a magnetic stator ring 2, the magnetic rotor ring 1 having a second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole being arranged oppositely, the magnetic stator ring 2 being sleeved on the outer circumference of the magnetic rotor ring 1, the magnetic stator ring 2 being spaced apart from the magnetic rotor ring 1, a magnetic air cavity being formed between the magnetic stator ring 2 and the magnetic rotor ring 1, and the magnetic air cavity containing the power generation medium.

[0033] A magnetic air cavity is provided between the magnetic rotor ring 1 and the magnetic stator ring 2. The first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole form magnetic lines of force. The rotating member 4 drives the magnetic rotor ring 1 to rotate. The magnetic rotor ring 1 is driven to rotate. The power generating medium is driven to rotate in the magnetic air cavity. The power generating medium cuts the magnetic lines of force in the circumferential direction, thereby generating high-power electric energy. Specifically, the power generating medium is a high-conductivity liquid gallium alloy with a conductivity of 1×10 6 S / m-6×10 6 S / m level, preferably 3.2×10 6 S / m level. In the whole process, the magnetic rotor ring 1 does not need to have a high speed. For the wind turbine, the blades drive the rotating member 4 to rotate, and the rotating member 4 directly drives the magnetic rotor ring 1 to rotate. The difference between the blade speed and the magnetic rotor ring 1 speed is very small. Therefore, there is no need to use a transmission, which has the advantages of simple structure and high power generation efficiency. Specifically, the rotating member 4 in this embodiment is a rotating shaft.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first magnetic pole of the magnetic rotor ring 1 is an S pole, and the second magnetic pole of the magnetic stator ring 2 is an N pole. In addition, the surfaces of the magnetic stator ring 2 and the magnetic rotor ring 1 are sprayed with an insulating layer.

[0035] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the power generation component also includes a plurality of roller blades 3, each of which is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic rotor ring 1, and the roller blades 3 drive the power generation medium to rotate. The magnetic rotor ring 1 drives the roller blades 3 to rotate, and then the roller blades 3 drive the power generation medium to rotate in the circumferential direction, so that the power generation medium cuts the magnetic lines of force generated by the magnetic rotor ring 1 and the magnetic stator ring 2, thereby generating high-power electric energy. In this embodiment, the fixing method of the roller blades 3 and the magnetic rotor is not limited, and they can be fixed by bolts, welding, plug-in and other methods.

[0036] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the figure, the roller blades 3 are arranged along the circumference of the magnetic rotor ring 1, and the adjacent roller blades 3 are arranged at intervals, and the corresponding angles of the adjacent roller blades 3 are 3°-30°. In this embodiment, the corresponding angles of the adjacent roller blades 3 are preferably 5°, that is, there are 72 roller blades 3 to drive the power generation medium to rotate evenly. Specifically, the roller blades 3 are made of stainless steel and an insulating layer is sprayed on the surface. It should be noted that a gap is left between the edge of the roller blades 3 and the magnetic stator ring 2 to avoid scratches between the roller blades 3 and the magnetic stator ring 2, and the magnetic air cavity is filled with power generation medium.

[0037] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the magnetic rotor ring 1 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating member 4, and the rotating member 4 drives the magnetic rotor ring 1 to rotate. The rotating member 4 provides a rotating force to drive the magnetic rotor ring 1 to rotate.

[0038] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The magnetic air chamber further includes a pair of annular electrodes 5, one of which is disposed at one end of the magnetic air chamber, and a dynamic sealing ring is disposed between the annular electrode 5 and the magnetic rotor ring 1 and the magnetic stator ring 2. The two ends of the magnetic air chamber are sealed by the annular electrode 5 to prevent the power generation medium in the magnetic air chamber from flowing out, and the sealing ring is used for sealing. It should be noted that the annular electrode 5 is fixedly connected to the magnetic stator ring 2 to prevent the annular electrode 5 from rotating with the magnetic rotor ring 1, and a static seal is used between the annular electrode 5 and the magnetic stator ring 2, and a dynamic seal is used between the annular electrode 5 and the magnetic rotor ring 1.

[0039] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The invention also includes a housing 6, wherein the magnetic rotor ring 1 and the magnetic stator ring 2 are respectively arranged in the housing 6, the rotating member 4 partially extends out of the housing 6, and the electrode end portion of the annular electrode 5 extends out of the housing 6. The portion of the rotating member 4 extending out of the housing 6 is suitable for connecting with a power member, and the power member drives the rotating member 4 to rotate. Specifically, the power member is a servo motor, a fan (the blades of the fan rotate as a power member to drive the rotating member 4 to rotate), etc., and the driving form of the rotating member 4 is a direct drive type. The electrode end portion of the annular electrode 5 extends out of the housing 6 to extract electric energy.

[0040] In one embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the figure, the cross sections of the magnetic stator ring 2 and the magnetic rotor ring 1 are both annular, and the length of the magnetic stator ring 2 is equal to the length of the magnetic rotor ring 1.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the other hand, a power generation system is provided. The power generation system includes the magnetohydrodynamic generator described above and also includes a power part.

[0042] In this embodiment, the magnetic field is 2.1T, the rotation speed of the rotating member 4 is 10-20 rpm, the diameter of the rotating member 4 is 6-8m, the linear speed is 1.6-4.2m / s, the angle of the roller blade 3 is preferably 5°, the spacing of the magnetic air cavity is 10mm, the conductive area is 0.94-0.126㎡, the length of the magnetic stator ring 2 and the magnetic rotor ring 1 is 6-10m, the power generation medium is gallium alloy, and the conductivity is 3.2x10 6 S / m, load factor 0.8, voltage 16-7V, current 200-707kA, output power of magnetohydrodynamic generator 3.2-50MW.

[0043] Then, the length of the magnetic stator ring 2 is 6m, the spacing of the magnetic air chambers is 10mm, the diameter of the rotating member 4 is 6m, the rotation speed of the rotating member 4 is 10 rpm, the angle of the roller blade 3 is preferably 5°, the power generation medium is gallium alloy, and the conductivity is 3.2×10 6 S / m, magnetic field strength 2.1T, and load factor 0.8, the output power of the magnetohydrodynamic generator is 3.2MW.

[0044] In addition, the length of the magnetic stator ring 2 is 10m, the spacing of the magnetic air chambers is 10mm, the diameter of the rotating member 4 is 8m, the rotation speed of the rotating member 4 is 10 rpm, the angle of the roller blade 3 is preferably 5°, the power generation medium is gallium alloy, and the conductivity is 3.2×10 6 S / m, magnetic field strength 2.1T, load factor 0.8, the output power of the magnetohydrodynamic generator is 12MW, thus achieving the technical effect of low speed, small size and high power output. The whole device achieves the output effect of low voltage and high current.

[0045] A method for using a power generation system, wherein a rotating member 4 drives a magnetic rotor ring 1 to rotate, and the magnetic rotor ring 1 drives a roller blade 3 to rotate. The roller blade 3 drives a generator medium to move in a circular direction during rotation, and the generator medium cuts magnetic lines to generate electrical energy, and the electrical energy is output by an annular electrode 5.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] In this embodiment, the magnetic rotor ring 1 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the magnetic stator ring 2, and the magnetic stator ring 2 and the magnetic rotor ring 1 are spaced apart. A magnetic air cavity is formed between the magnetic stator ring 2 and the magnetic rotor ring 1, and the magnetic air cavity contains a power generation medium. A plurality of roller blades 3 are provided on the inner circumferential wall of the magnetic rotor ring 1, and the magnetic rotor ring 1 is driven to rotate by the power member. In this embodiment, the rotating member 4 is connected to the magnetic rotor ring 1, and the rotating member 4 can be a rotating drum, which is then connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft drives the rotating drum, and the rotating drum drives the magnetic rotor ring 1 to rotate. The other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1.

[0048] The magnetohydrodynamic generator provided by the present invention has the following advantages: (1) by directly connecting with the power parts, the overall structure is relatively simple, and the output power of MW level can be achieved at low speed, thereby replacing the existing high-speed generator; (2) the structure of the present application is simple, and compared with the traditional power generation system with a transmission, it does not need to use complex equipment such as a transmission, and has the advantages of low maintenance cost and high reliability; (3) the power generation medium fills the entire magnetic air cavity, which has the advantage of good chemical stability.

[0049] As an alternative embodiment, the first magnetic pole of the magnetic rotor ring 1 is an N pole, and the second magnetic pole of the magnetic stator ring 2 is an S pole.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A magnetohydrodynamic generator, characterized in that: include: A magnetic rotor ring (1), the magnetic rotor ring (1) having a first magnetic pole, the magnetic rotor ring (1) being suitable for being connected to a rotating member (4); A power generation component, wherein the power generation component includes a power generation medium; A magnetic stator ring (2), the magnetic rotor ring (1) having a second magnetic pole, the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole being arranged oppositely, the magnetic stator ring (2) being sleeved on the outer circumference of the magnetic rotor ring (1), the magnetic stator ring (2) and the magnetic rotor ring (1) being arranged at a distance, a magnetic air cavity being formed between the magnetic stator ring (2) and the magnetic rotor ring (1), and a power generation medium being contained in the magnetic air cavity; or, The magnetic rotor ring (1) is sleeved on the outer circumference of the magnetic stator ring (2); the magnetic stator ring (2) and the magnetic rotor ring (1) are spaced apart; a magnetic air cavity is formed between the magnetic stator ring (2) and the magnetic rotor ring (1); and a power generation medium is contained in the magnetic air cavity.

2. The magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation component further comprises a plurality of roller blades (3), each of the roller blades (3) being fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic rotor ring (1), and the roller blades (3) are used to drive the power generation medium to rotate.

3. The magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roller blades (3) are arranged along the circumference of the magnetic rotor ring (1), and adjacent roller blades (3) are arranged at intervals, and the corresponding included angles of adjacent roller blades (3) are 3°-30°.

4. The magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetic rotor ring (1) is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating member (4), and the rotating member (4) drives the magnetic rotor ring (1) to rotate.

5. The magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a pair of annular electrodes (5), one of the annular electrodes (5) being arranged at one end of the magnetic air cavity, and a sealing ring being arranged between the annular electrode (5) and the magnetic rotor ring (1) and the magnetic stator ring (2).

6. The magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a shell (6), the magnetic rotor ring (1) and the magnetic stator ring (2) are respectively arranged in the shell (6), the rotating member (4) partially extends out of the shell (6), and the electrode end portion of the annular electrode (5) extends out of the shell (6).

7. The magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the magnetic stator ring (2) and the magnetic rotor ring (1) are both annular, and the length of the magnetic stator ring (2) is equal to the length of the magnetic rotor ring (1).

8. The magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation component further comprises a plurality of roller blades (3), each of the roller blades (3) being fixedly arranged on the inner peripheral wall of the magnetic rotor ring (1), and the roller blades (3) are used to drive the power generation medium to rotate.

9. A power generation system, characterized in that: A magnetohydrodynamic generator comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for using a magnetohydrodynamic generator, for using the magnetohydrodynamic generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating member (4) drives the magnetic rotor ring (1) to rotate, and the magnetic rotor ring (1) is driven to rotate relative to the magnetic stator ring (2), thereby driving the generator working fluid to rotate in the magnetic air cavity, so that the generator working fluid cuts the magnetic lines of force in the circumferential direction, thereby generating electric energy.

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