Perovskite precursor solution, preparation method thereof and perovskite solar cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a perovskite precursor solution, a preparation method thereof and a perovskite solar cell. The invention relates to a perovskite precursor solution, which contains perovskite and an additive, the dosage ratio of the perovskite to the additive in the perovskite precursor solution is 1 mol: (15-150) mg; the additive contains at least one of N '-(2, 4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride and 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride. According to the perovskite precursor solution disclosed by the invention, at least one of N '-(2, 4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride and 3-fluorobenamidine hydrochloride is used as the additive, so that the temperature resistance of the perovskite film can be effectively improved, and the prepared perovskite film has relatively good crystallinity; and thus, the prepared perovskite solar cell has relatively good electrical properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a perovskite precursor solution and a preparation method thereof, and a perovskite solar cell. Background Art

[0002] In the preparation of perovskite photovoltaic devices, amino organic salts and amino derivatives are often used as additives to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and reliability of perovskite films. However, in narrow-band organic or organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite films, formamidinium ions account for more than 80% of the A-site ions, but amino organic salts do not improve the temperature resistance of perovskite films.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to develop an additive that can improve the temperature resistance of perovskite films. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a perovskite precursor solution and a preparation method thereof, and a perovskite solar cell to address the problem that traditional perovskite precursor solution additives cannot improve the temperature resistance of perovskite films.

[0005] A perovskite precursor solution contains perovskite and an additive; the dosage ratio of the perovskite to the additive in the perovskite precursor solution is 1 mol: (15-150) mg; the additive contains at least one of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride, and 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride.

[0006] The above-mentioned perovskite precursor solution uses at least one of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride, and 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride as an additive, which can effectively improve the temperature resistance of the perovskite film and make the prepared perovskite film have better crystallinity, thereby making the prepared perovskite solar cell have better electrical properties.

[0007] In one embodiment, the concentration of the perovskite in the perovskite precursor solution is 0.8~1.8M.

[0008] In one embodiment, the structure of the perovskite is ABX3, wherein A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent cation, and X is a monovalent anion.

[0009] In one embodiment, A includes at least one of methylamine, formamidine, cesium, and rubidium; B includes at least one of lead, tin, or strontium; and X includes at least one of iodine, bromine, and chlorine.

[0010] In one embodiment, the dosage ratio of the perovskite to the additive in the perovskite precursor solution is 1 mol:(18~100).

[0011] In one embodiment, the additive contains 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride, and the dosage ratio of the perovskite to the additive is 1 mol: (15-25) mg.

[0012] In one embodiment, the additive contains at least one of the N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride and the pentamidine hydrochloride; the mass ratio of the N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to the pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:(5~25).

[0013] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to the pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:(8-20).

[0014] In one embodiment, the perovskite precursor solution further contains a solvent, and the solvent includes at least one of DMF, DMSO, CHP, and NMP.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the perovskite precursor solution, comprising the following steps: calculating the amounts of various required raw materials, weighing the raw materials in proportion, and dissolving them in a solvent to obtain the perovskite precursor solution.

[0016] The present invention also provides a perovskite solar cell, comprising a perovskite light absorbing layer, wherein the perovskite light absorbing layer comprises a perovskite film, and the perovskite film is prepared from the perovskite precursor solution as described in any one of the above items.

[0017] In one embodiment, the perovskite solar cell includes a first electrode layer, a first charge transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, a second charge transport layer, and a second electrode layer stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first electrode layer is a transparent conductive layer, and the transparent conductive layer contains at least one of indium tin oxide (ITO), tungsten-doped indium tin oxide (IWO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), and titanium oxide (TiO2) doped with metal elements; the first charge transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the hole transport layer contains at least one of Spiro-OMeTAD, CuSCN, NiOx, PTAA, SAM, polymerized SAM, Me-4PACz, and a small molecule organic hole transport layer; the second charge transport layer is an electron transport layer, and the electron transport layer contains C60 ; The second electrode layer contains at least one of Au, Ag, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mo, W, Pt, Pd, V, ITO, IWO, FTO, AZO, and GZO.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the perovskite solar cell, comprising the following steps: preparing a perovskite light-absorbing layer: depositing the perovskite precursor solution as described above into a film, and annealing to obtain the perovskite solar cell.

[0020] In one embodiment, the method for preparing a perovskite solar cell comprises the following steps: preparing a first charge transport layer; preparing a perovskite light absorption layer; preparing a second charge transport layer; and preparing a second electrode layer.

[0021] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic module, comprising the perovskite solar cell as described above.

[0022] The present invention also provides a power generation device, comprising the photovoltaic module as described above.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] A perovskite precursor solution and a preparation method thereof, and a perovskite solar cell of the present invention use at least one of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride, and 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride as an additive, which can effectively improve the temperature resistance of the perovskite film, and make the prepared perovskite film have better crystallinity, thereby making the prepared perovskite solar cell have better electrical performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the IV characteristics of the perovskite solar cells prepared in Examples 6 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 in Experimental Example 1;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the IV characteristics of the perovskite solar cells prepared in Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 in Experimental Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the IV characteristics of the perovskite solar cell prepared in Example 10 in Experimental Example 1;

[0028] Figure 4 The photoluminescence spectrum of the perovskite film prepared according to the method in Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 in Experimental Example 2;

[0029] Figure 5 is an XRD pattern of the perovskite film prepared according to the method in Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 in Experimental Example 3;

[0030] Figure 6 It is an IV characteristic detection diagram of the photovoltaic module corresponding to the perovskite solar cell of Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 in Experimental Example 4;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the double 85 test results of the photovoltaic modules corresponding to the perovskite solar cells of Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 in Experimental Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0034] The reagents used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the following examples are conventionally achievable unless otherwise specified. The volume ratios in the following examples are at room temperature and pressure unless otherwise specified.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A perovskite precursor solution contains perovskite and an additive; the additive is N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride and pentamidine hydrochloride, and the mass ratio of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:17; the structural formula of the perovskite in the perovskite precursor solution is: Rb 0.02 FA 0.98 PbI3, the concentration of perovskite is 1.5M; the dosage ratio of perovskite to additive is 0.153mol:9mg (ie, about 1mol:58.8mg); and it also contains solvents, which are DMF, DMSO, CHP and NMP.

[0037] The preparation method of the above perovskite precursor solution comprises the following specific steps:

[0038] 1. According to the structural formula of perovskite and the ratio of the above values, calculate the amount of various raw materials required.

[0039] 2. Prepare solution a: Weigh the raw materials FAI (formamidine hydroiodide), PbI2 and MACl (methylamine chloride) and dissolve them in a mixed solvent of DMF, DMSO and CHP (the volume ratio of DMF: DMSO: CHP is 8:1:1) so that the concentrations of FAI, PbI2 and MACl in solution a are 1.5 M, 1.5 M and 0.3 M respectively.

[0040] 3. Prepare solution b: weigh the raw material RbI and dissolve it in the solvent NMP to make the concentration of RbI in solution b be 1.5M.

[0041] 4. Prepare additives: weigh 0.5 mg of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride (purchased from Aladdin, CAS No. 51550-40-4) and dissolve it in 1 mL of DMF, then weigh 1 mg of pentamidine hydrochloride (purchased from Aladdin, CAS No. 18257-46-0) and dissolve it in 1 mL of DMF; take 10 μL of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride solution and 85 μL of pentamidine hydrochloride solution, mix them evenly to obtain the additive solution.

[0042] 5. Prepare perovskite precursor solution: Take the above-mentioned solution a and solution b in a volume ratio of 1:0.02, add solution b to solution a, first accelerate dissolution on a 60°C hot plate, then place on an oscillator for full dissolution and bubbling to obtain solution c; take 1.02mL of solution c, add the above-mentioned additive solution, mix well, and you have it.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A perovskite precursor solution contains perovskite and an additive; the additive is N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride and pentamidine hydrochloride, and the mass ratio of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:10; the structural formula of the perovskite in the perovskite precursor solution is: Rb 0.02 FA 0.98 PbI3, the concentration of perovskite is 1.5M; the dosage ratio of perovskite to additive is 0.153mol:11mg (ie, about 1mol:71.9mg); and it also contains solvents, which are DMF, DMSO, CHP and NMP.

[0045] The preparation method of the above perovskite precursor solution is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step 4, 20 μL of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride solution and 100 μL of pentamidine hydrochloride solution are taken and mixed evenly to obtain an additive solution.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A perovskite precursor solution contains perovskite and an additive; the additive is N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride and pentamidine hydrochloride, and the mass ratio of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:12; the structural formula of the perovskite in the perovskite precursor solution is: Rb 0.02 FA 0.98 PbI3, the concentration of perovskite is 1.5M; the dosage ratio of perovskite to additive is 0.153mol:13mg (ie, about 1mol:85.0mg); and it also contains solvents, which are DMF, DMSO, CHP and NMP.

[0048] The preparation method of the above perovskite precursor solution is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step 4, 20 μL of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride solution and 120 μL of pentamidine hydrochloride solution are taken and mixed evenly to obtain an additive solution.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] A perovskite precursor solution contains perovskite and an additive; the additive is N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride and pentamidine hydrochloride, and the mass ratio of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:14; the structural formula of the perovskite in the perovskite precursor solution is: Rb 0.02 FA 0.98 PbI3, the concentration of perovskite is 1.5M; the dosage ratio of perovskite to additive is 0.153mol:15mg (ie, about 1mol:98.0mg); and it also contains solvents, which are DMF, DMSO, CHP and NMP.

[0051] The preparation method of the above perovskite precursor solution is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step 4, 20 μL of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride solution and 140 μL of pentamidine hydrochloride solution are taken and mixed evenly to obtain an additive solution.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] A perovskite precursor solution contains perovskite and an additive; the additive is 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride (purchased from Aladdin, CAS No. 75207-72-6); the structural formula of the perovskite in the perovskite precursor solution is: Rb 0.02 FA 0.98PbI3, the concentration of perovskite is 1.5M; the dosage ratio of perovskite to additive is 0.153mol:3mg (ie, about 1mol:19.6mg); and it also contains solvents, which are DMF, DMSO, CHP and NMP.

[0054] The preparation method of the above perovskite precursor solution comprises the following specific steps:

[0055] 1. According to the structural formula of perovskite and the ratio of the above values, calculate the amount of various raw materials required.

[0056] 2. Prepare solution a: Weigh the raw materials FAI, PbI2 and MACl and dissolve them in a mixed solvent of DMF, DMSO and CHP (the volume ratio of DMF: DMSO: CHP is 8:1:1) so that the concentrations of FAI, PbI2 and MACl in solution a are 1.5 M, 1.5 M and 0.3 M respectively.

[0057] 3. Prepare solution b: weigh the raw material RbI and dissolve it in the solvent NMP to make the concentration of RbI in solution b be 1.5M.

[0058] 4. Prepare the additive: weigh 3 mg of 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride and dissolve it in 1 mL of DMF to obtain an additive solution.

[0059] 5. Prepare perovskite precursor solution: take the above-mentioned solution a and solution b in a volume ratio of 1:0.02, add solution b to solution a, first accelerate dissolution on a 60°C hot stage, then place on an oscillator for full dissolution and bubbling to obtain solution c; take 1.02mL of solution c and add 10μL of the above-mentioned additive solution to obtain.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] A perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode layer which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0062] The substrate is a glass plate, the transparent conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the hole transport layer is a self-assembled monomolecular film of Me-4PACz, the perovskite light absorption layer is a perovskite film prepared from the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 1; the electron transport layer is C 60 The film is a tin oxide film as a buffer layer on the electron transport layer; the second electrode layer is a single silver film.

[0063] The preparation method of the above perovskite solar cell comprises the following specific steps:

[0064] 1. Pretreatment: Clean the ITO conductive glass (glass substrate with a transparent conductive layer) with detergent and pure water to obtain a substrate / transparent conductive layer.

[0065] 2. Preparation of hole transport layer: Dissolve Me-4PACz in ethanol to obtain a Me-4PACz solution with a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL; spin-coat the above Me-4PACz solution on the above transparent conductive layer at a rotation speed of 3000r for 30s, and anneal at 100°C for 5min to obtain substrate / transparent conductive layer / hole transport layer.

[0066] 3. Preparation of perovskite light-absorbing layer: Take the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 1, drop it on the above-mentioned hole transport layer, spin coat for 65 seconds, add anti-solvent EA 13 seconds before the end of spin coating (spin coating for 52 seconds); anneal at 150°C for 5 minutes, and then anneal at 120°C for 30 minutes to obtain substrate / transparent conductive layer / hole transport layer / perovskite light-absorbing layer.

[0067] 4. Preparation of electron transport layer: Evaporate 60nm thick C on the above perovskite light absorption layer. 60 , the evaporation rate is 0.2 angstroms per second; then ALD is used to continue to deposit 200nm thick tin oxide to obtain a substrate / transparent conductive layer / hole transport layer / perovskite light absorbing layer / electron transport layer.

[0068] 5. Prepare the second electrode layer: According to the conventional method, a 80 nm thick elemental silver film is evaporated on the above electron transport layer to obtain a substrate / transparent conductive layer / hole transport layer / perovskite light absorbing layer / second electrode layer, that is, a perovskite solar cell.

[0069] Example 7

[0070] A perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode layer which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0071] The substrate is a glass plate, the transparent conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the hole transport layer is a self-assembled monomolecular film of Me-4PACz, the perovskite light absorption layer is a perovskite film prepared from the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 2; the electron transport layer is C 60 The film is a tin oxide film as a buffer layer on the electron transport layer; the second electrode layer is a single silver film.

[0072] The preparation method of the above perovskite solar cell is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 6, except that the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 2 is used in step 3 to prepare the perovskite light-absorbing layer.

[0073] Example 8

[0074] A perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode layer which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0075] The substrate is a glass plate, the transparent conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the hole transport layer is a self-assembled monomolecular film of Me-4PACz, the perovskite light absorption layer is a perovskite film prepared from the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 3; the electron transport layer is C 60 The film is a tin oxide film as a buffer layer on the electron transport layer; the second electrode layer is a single silver film.

[0076] The preparation method of the above perovskite solar cell is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 6, except that the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 3 is used in the preparation of the perovskite light-absorbing layer in step 3.

[0077] Example 9

[0078] A perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode layer which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0079] The substrate is a glass plate, the transparent conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the hole transport layer is a self-assembled monomolecular film of Me-4PACz, the perovskite light absorption layer is a perovskite film prepared from the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 4; the electron transport layer is C 60 The film is a tin oxide film as a buffer layer on the electron transport layer; the second electrode layer is a single silver film.

[0080] The preparation method of the above perovskite solar cell is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 6, except that the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 4 is used in step 3 to prepare the perovskite light-absorbing layer.

[0081] Example 10

[0082] A perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode layer which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0083] The substrate is a glass plate, the transparent conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the hole transport layer is a self-assembled monomolecular film of Me-4PACz, the perovskite light absorption layer is a perovskite film prepared from the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 5; the electron transport layer is C 60 The film is a tin oxide film as a buffer layer on the electron transport layer; the second electrode layer is a single silver film.

[0084] The preparation method of the above perovskite solar cell is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 6, except that the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 5 is used in step 3 to prepare the perovskite light-absorbing layer.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] A perovskite solar cell comprises a substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer and a second electrode layer which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top.

[0087] The substrate is a glass plate, the transparent conductive layer is an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, the hole transport layer is a self-assembled monomolecular film of Me-4PACz; the perovskite light absorption layer is a perovskite film composed of Rb without additives. 0.02 FA 0.98 The electron transport layer is C 60 The film is a tin oxide film as a buffer layer on the electron transport layer; the second electrode layer is a single silver film.

[0088] The preparation method of the above perovskite solar cell is basically the same as the preparation method of Example 6, except that a perovskite precursor solution without additives is used in preparing the perovskite light-absorbing layer in step 3 (basically the same as the perovskite precursor solution of Example 1, except that it does not contain additives, i.e., a blank control group).

[0089] Experimental Example 1

[0090] The IV characteristics of the perovskite solar cells of Examples 6 to 10 and Comparative Example 1 were detected.

[0091] 1. According to conventional methods, the perovskite solar cells prepared in Examples 6 to 9 and Comparative Example 1 were tested using a TDM-20 X-ray Mini Diffractometer. The effective power generation area was 0.113 cm 2 , the test results are as follows Figure 1 As shown, the perovskite solar cell (Example 7) prepared using the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 2 has the best performance.

[0092] 2. According to conventional methods, the perovskite solar cells (effective power generation area of ​​0.113 cm) prepared in Example 7, Example 10 and Comparative Example 1 were tested using an LSS-55 solar simulator. 2 ) of the IV characteristics, the test results are as follows Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cell prepared in Example 7 is 25%, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell prepared in Example 10 is 24.26%, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell prepared in Comparative Example 1 is 22.22%.

[0093] Because the perovskite solar cell (Example 7) prepared using the perovskite precursor solution prepared in Example 2 has the best performance in the above experiment, the following tests are only for Examples 2 and 7.

[0094] Experimental Example 2

[0095] The perovskite film was tested using an AVANTES photoluminescence detector to obtain a photoluminescence spectrum. The test object was a perovskite film prepared according to the method for preparing a perovskite light absorbing layer in step 3 of Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 (the difference from Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 was that the perovskite precursor solution was directly dripped onto the ITO conductive glass to prepare the perovskite film).

[0096] Test results such as Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the additives of the present invention are helpful for the crystallization of the perovskite film and the photoluminescence performance is much better than that of the perovskite film without the additives of the present invention.

[0097] Experimental Example 3

[0098] The perovskite film was tested using a TDM-20 X-ray Mini Diffractometer to obtain an XRD pattern. The test object was a perovskite film prepared according to the method for preparing a perovskite light absorbing layer in step 3 of Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 (the difference from Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 was that the perovskite precursor solution was directly dripped onto the ITO conductive glass to prepare the perovskite film).

[0099] Test results such as Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that after being heated at 100°C for 24 hours, the perovskite film prepared according to the method of Comparative Example 1 shows a yellow phase, while the perovskite film prepared according to Example 7 does not show any change, indicating that the perovskite film prepared by adding the additive of the present invention has good temperature resistance.

[0100] Experimental Example 4

[0101] The LSS-55 solar simulator was used to test the IV characteristics of the photovoltaic module. The test object was: the perovskite cells prepared in Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 were laser etched and packaged according to the conventional method. The effective power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic module was 21 cm 2 Test results such as Figure 6As shown, it can be seen that compared with the photovoltaic module corresponding to Comparative Example 1, the photovoltaic module corresponding to Example 7 has better electrical performance, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is 23.39%.

[0102] Experimental Example 5

[0103] AP-HX-408C6 was used to perform double 85 tests on photovoltaic modules (i.e., the test conditions were 85°C & 85%RH high temperature and high humidity). The test object was laser etching and encapsulation of the perovskite cells prepared in Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 according to the conventional method. The effective power generation area of ​​the photovoltaic module was 21cm 2 .

[0104] Test results such as Figure 7 As shown, compared with the photovoltaic module corresponding to Comparative Example 1, the photovoltaic module corresponding to Example 7 has good stability in photoelectric conversion efficiency in a high temperature and high humidity environment.

[0105] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0106] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A perovskite precursor solution, characterized in that: Containing perovskite and additives; the dosage ratio of the perovskite to the additive in the perovskite precursor solution is 1 mol: (15-150) mg; The additive contains at least one of N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride, pentamidine hydrochloride, and 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride.

2. The perovskite precursor solution according to claim 1, characterized in that The dosage ratio of the perovskite to the additive in the perovskite precursor solution is 1 mol:(18-100).

3. The perovskite precursor solution according to claim 1, characterized in that The additive contains the 3-fluorobenzamidine hydrochloride, and the dosage ratio of the perovskite to the additive is 1 mol: (15-25) mg.

4. The perovskite precursor solution according to claim 1, characterized in that The additive contains at least one of the N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride and the pentamidine hydrochloride; the mass ratio of the N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to the pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:(5~25).

5. The perovskite precursor solution according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the N'-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide hydrochloride to the pentamidine hydrochloride is 1:(8-20).

6. The method for preparing a perovskite precursor solution according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: calculating the amounts of various raw materials required, weighing the raw materials in proportion, and dissolving them in a solvent to obtain the product.

7. A perovskite solar cell, characterized in that: It comprises a perovskite light absorbing layer, wherein the perovskite light absorbing layer comprises a perovskite film, and the perovskite film is prepared from the perovskite precursor solution according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. The method for preparing a perovskite solar cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Preparation of the perovskite light-absorbing layer: depositing the perovskite precursor solution as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 into a film, and annealing to obtain the perovskite light-absorbing layer.

9. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: Comprising the perovskite solar cell as claimed in claim 7.

10. A power generation device, characterized in that: Comprising the photovoltaic module as claimed in claim 9.

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