Straw in-situ deep layer layering machine and its laying method

Abstract

The application is a kind of straw in-situ deep layer return to field layer laying machine and its laying method, belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, aiming at the defects of the existing straw return to field equipment affecting soil nutrients during operation, and the return to field operation mode is not convenient or the effect is not good, the layer laying machine comprises: a frame for connecting with a traction vehicle, a pick-up and feeding integrated device on the frame for enriching straw particles on the ground and a soil stirring return to field device for stirring the soil and constructing a temporary burying space, the stirring return to field device transports the enriched straw into the burying space, and the buried straw forms a chain reaction zone. The application optimizes the structure of the operation component, only separates the soil layer longitudinally during operation, does not change the soil layer structure, retains the original organic matter, nutrients and moisture of the soil, and the improved equipment also provides a new straw return to field mode, which can effectively improve the decomposition effect after straw return to field, is simple to operate, and has excellent decomposition effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a deep-layer straw in-situ returning machine and a laying method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional straw treatment methods are usually burning or discarding, which causes air and soil pollution and wastes potential biological resources. With the development of biotechnology, the utilization of crop straw resources has been greatly promoted and diversified, so that the straw is not only turned into treasure, but also plays a protective role on the ecological environment. Straw returning to fertilizer is the main means to realize the comprehensive utilization of straw. A large number of cellulose-degrading bacteria in organic matter composting microbial inoculants (referred to as composting agents) rapidly degrade straw fiber materials, so that the straw is decomposed into simple organic matter, humus and mineral nutrients under suitable conditions of nutrition, temperature and humidity, which can improve soil fertility and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. At present, there are two ways of straw returning to field: one is in-situ direct returning to field, and the other is to concentrate the straw in a place, and then return to field after the straw is composted. In the actual application process, both of these two returning technologies have different problems, which affect the returning effect: first, when in-situ returning to field is adopted, the existing straw returning equipment needs to deep plough the soil layer. Although deep ploughing can improve the permeability and air permeability of the soil, it also destroys the soil structure, especially the black soil layer in the farmland in the northeast region. The black soil is rich in organic matter and nutrients, has good water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is known as "golden soil". The black soil layer is mainly distributed in the eastern regions of Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province, Liaoning Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In recent years, with unreasonable mechanical tillage, the organic matter in the soil is exposed to the air, accelerating the decomposition of organic matter and the loss of organic carbon. After the soil structure is destroyed, its erosion resistance decreases, and the black soil layer gradually degrades. At the same time, deep ploughing of the thinned black soil layer will also turn the yellow clay with low organic matter and nutrient content under the black soil layer up, affecting the yield of crops in the later cultivation; second, when in-situ returning to field is adopted, the straw particles are stirred in the field, and only natural conditions are used for composting, which has the problems of long composting time and slow composting speed. This leads to the problem that the straw has not been completely decomposed when sowing, which affects the seed landing and the crop emergence rate; third, when the centralized composting in a place is adopted, not only the site is occupied, but also the straw needs to be transported to a place before composting, and then the straw needs to be transported back to the field after composting, which consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a straw in-situ returning deep layer paver to overcome the defects of the existing straw returning equipment affecting soil nutrients during operation, and the inconvenient or poor effect of the existing returning operation mode.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a straw in-situ returning deep layer paver, comprising: a frame used to be connected with a traction vehicle, a pick-up integrated device used to enrich straw particles on the ground and a tilling returning device used to tilling the soil and constructing a temporary burying space are loaded on the frame, the tilling returning device transports the enriched straw into the burying space, and the buried straw forms a chain reaction zone.

[0005] Preferably, a powder for accelerating the reaction of the straw is attached to the straw in the chain reaction zone, and the powder is sprayed by a sprayer in the pick-up integrated device and then attached to the picked-up straw.

[0006] Preferably, a nozzle for spraying water to the straw is further arranged in the pick-up integrated device, and the nozzle sprays the straw before the sprayer.

[0007] Preferably, the pick-up integrated device comprises a shell and a pick-up mechanism for picking up the straw on the ground, the shell comprises a pick-up cover and a flow guide cover, the pick-up cover covers the pick-up mechanism, and the flow guide cover is used to communicate the pick-up cover with the burying space constructed by the tilling returning device.

[0008] Preferably, the pick-up mechanism is driven by a transmission device, and the pick-up mechanism comprises a base, a cutting flow pick-up blade, a vane and a driven sprocket, the base is rotatably installed on the frame, the cutting flow pick-up blade is fixed to the base through a blade holder, the cutting flow pick-up blade is arranged in multiple groups at equal intervals along the length direction of the base, the cutting flow pick-up blades in each group are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cutting flow pick-up blades in adjacent groups are distributed on the base in the form of a spiral line, the root of the vane is fixed to the base, and the two side edges of each vane are respectively fixed to the blade holders in adjacent groups of the cutting flow pick-up blades, and the driven sprocket is chain-driven with the transmission device.

[0009] Preferably, the pick-up mechanism is two, and is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the tilling returning device in the advancing direction.

[0010] Preferably, the shaking and returning device comprises a plow body, an earth-entering guide rail, an entering material cylinder and a plow column, the plow body is a semicircular arc with a front small and a rear large, an inner wall of the plow body is enclosed with the soil to construct a transient burying space, and the burying space forms a straw conveying channel with the picking and feeding integrated device through the entering material cylinder; the plow column is fixedly connected with the plow body and the entering material cylinder, and is detachably connected with the frame; the earth-entering guide rail is a plate vertically inserted into the front end of the plow body and is fixedly connected with the plow column.

[0011] Preferably, the plow body is a hollow semicircular cone without a lower bottom, and is a fan shape when unfolded.

[0012] Preferably, the entering material cylinder is in a waist shape in cross section.

[0013] A method for laying a chain reaction zone during the land preparation period, the method uses the straw in-situ returning deep layer laying machine to lay, and the specific laying method is as follows:

[0014] Before laying, the straw particles falling on the farmland are cut and arranged in rows; then the frame is hung on the tractor, the transmission device is connected with the power device of the tractor, and finally the depth at which the plow body needs to press the soil is determined according to the accumulated temperature zone where the farmland is located, so that the plow body is in the non-frozen soil layer.

[0015] During laying, the picking opening of the picking and feeding mechanism contacts with the straw on the ground, the current-picking blade starts to rotate under the driving of the chain transmission, the straw arranged in rows on the ground is picked up and conveyed into the flow guide cover, in the conveying process, the powder of the mature agent in the biological bacteria storage tank is sprayed and attached to the conveying straw, at the same time, the plow body and the plow column shake, deep scarify and construct a transient burying space, the straw with the mature agent attached is gathered into the entering material cylinder through the flow guide cover, and then is injected into the burying space, and is gathered into a chain reaction zone composed of straw and mature agent in the burying space; the soil accumulated on both sides of the plow body after shaking is automatically poured into the burying space in the middle and covered on the straw after the plow body passes, so that deep scarification, returning and automatic soil covering are simultaneously realized.

[0016] The method has the advantages that:

[0017] 1. The structure of the shaking and returning device is optimized, so that the soil layer is only separated and formed into a section in the longitudinal direction during operation, and the original structure of the soil layer is not changed, the soil moisture is not affected, and water and soil loss is not caused, so that the original organic matter, nutrients and water of the soil are retained, and the growth of the root system of the crops in the later period is facilitated.

[0018] 2、The plough body of the application is smooth and arc-shaped as a whole, the operation track is streamline, the travel resistance is reduced, and the plough body can form a transient burying space during operation, and the burying space is gathered into a chain reaction zone composed of straw and composting agent mixture, and the optimized tail wing arc and depth of the plough body can realize automatic soil covering of the burying space. Compared with the traditional operation of ditching, returning and covering, the application simplifies the overall structure of the equipment and greatly reduces the power consumption.

[0019] 3、The application adopts a closed feeding mode, the straw is enriched by a picking and feeding mechanism, the straw is transported by a feeding cylinder, and the composting agent is sprayed on the straw during the transportation of the straw, and the chain reaction zone composed of straw and composting agent mixture in the burying space provides favorable conditions for rapid composting of the straw, and the goal of straw enrichment and deep burying is effectively achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a front view of Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 is a bottom view of Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the picking and feeding mechanism

[0024] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the flexible returning device;

[0025] Figure 6 is a front view of the transmission device;

[0026] Figure 7 is a top view of Figure 6 ;

[0027] 1 picking and feeding integrated device, 11 shell, 111 picking and feeding cover, 112 fairing, 12 picking and feeding mechanism, 121 base, 122 flow-cutting picking blade, 123 blade, 124 driven sprocket, 2 flexible returning device, 21 plough body, 22 earth-entering guide rail, 23 feeding cylinder, 24 plough column, 3 rack, 4 transmission device, 41 dustproof housing, 42 rotating shaft, 43 driving sprocket, 44 driving gear, 45 driven gear, 5 powder spraying device, 51 biological bacteria storage tank, 52 sprayer, 6 water tank, 61 nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In agricultural production, each crop has its own specific farming season and farming time according to climate change and the characteristics of crop growth. Only by intensifying agricultural work at the right time can a good harvest be achieved. The deep-layer paving machine for in-situ straw return to the field described in this embodiment enriches the straw and returns it to the field in-situ, and at the same time supplements it with the composting agent necessary for straw composting. By digging trenches and disturbing the soil layer once, the in-situ return of straw to the field, the sufficient addition of composting agent, and the automatic covering of the buried space are achieved simultaneously, thus avoiding the traditional multi-step operation of returning straw to the field, spraying composting agent, and plowing, and effectively shortening the farming time. By returning the straw to the field in-situ and composting it, the decomposing and decaying it is converted into absorbable and usable organic fertilizer, which helps to improve the organic matter content in the soil, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the soil. The enrichment described in this embodiment is a way of expression borrowed from biology, which originally refers to the concentration of a certain dispersed substance by a certain means. The enrichment in this embodiment refers to the crushing and dispersion of the straw on the cultivated land after the straw is harvested, and the concentrated straw is buried deep in the soil layer of the cultivated land by a certain means. The in-situ in this embodiment refers to a tillage mode that does not change the soil layer structure, which is used to distinguish it from the plowing operation mode in the existing tillage tools, such as the plow, which needs to turn up the lower soil to loosen the soil during tillage. Therefore, the enrichment in-situ field return mentioned in this embodiment refers to the crushing and dispersion of the straw on the cultivated land after the straw is harvested, and the concentrated straw is buried deep in the soil layer of the cultivated land by a certain means, and the necessary conditions are provided for the deep-buried straw to decompose, so that it can achieve the purpose of increasing crop yield and generating certain economic value by improving the soil. Example 1

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention is a deep-position layering machine for in-situ straw return to the field, which is installed on a traction vehicle and driven by the traction vehicle to travel synchronously. The traction vehicle includes but is not limited to a tractor. This embodiment is introduced by taking a tractor as an example. The layering machine includes a picking and feeding integrated device 1, a shaking and returning device 2, a frame 3, a transmission device 4 and a powder injection device 5. The frame 3 is used to carry the picking and feeding integrated device 1, the shaking and returning device 2 and the transmission device 4. The frame 3 is fixed with a hanging ear and is distributed in a three-point manner for hanging on the traction vehicle. The picking and feeding integrated device 1 and the transmission device 4 are both installed on the upper part of the frame 3. The transmission device 4 drives the picking and feeding integrated device 1 to pick up the straw on the ground and feed it into the shaking and returning device 2. The shaking and returning device 2 is fixed just below the bottom of the frame 3. The soil layer is shaken by the shaking and returning device 2, and the straw is transported into the soil layer at the same time. The conveying channel between the picking and feeding device 1 and the shaking and returning device 2 is connected to the outlet of the powder injection device 5. The powder injection device 5 stores composting agent powder, and the powder adheres to the straw during the conveying process.

[0030] The picking and feeding integrated device 1 comprises a shell 11 and picking and feeding mechanisms 12, the shell 11 comprises a picking and feeding cover 111 and a flow guide cover 112, and the picking and feeding mechanisms 12 are two and symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the running direction of the flexible and returned field device 2. The picking and feeding cover 111 is two and covers the outside of each picking and feeding mechanism 12 respectively to protect the working parts in the picking and feeding mechanism 12. The flow guide cover 112 is in the shape of Y and comprises a feeding port for communicating with the two picking and feeding covers 111 and a discharging port for communicating with the flexible and returned field device 2. Each picking and feeding cover 111 is provided with a picking port and a discharging port, and a notch is arranged at the side of the bottom of the picking and feeding cover 111 to form the picking port for the ground to communicate with the picking and feeding mechanism 12, and the cover body on the other side of the bottom can push the scattered straw on the ground to the running direction to make the straw gather to facilitate the picking and feeding mechanism 12 to pick up, thereby improving the picking efficiency of the straw. The discharging port is located at the upper part of the picking and feeding cover 111 and communicates with the feeding port of the flow guide cover 112, and a straw conveying channel is formed between the picking port of the shell 11 and the discharging port of the flow guide cover 112.

[0031] As shown in Figure 4 Each picking and feeding mechanism 12 comprises a base 121, a cutting flow picking blade 122, a blade 123 and a driven sprocket 124. The base 121 is rotatably installed on the rack 3 through a rotating shaft, the cutting flow picking blade 122 is fixed on the base 121 through a blade seat, the cutting flow picking blade 122 is arranged in multiple groups at equal intervals along the length direction of the base 121, the cutting flow picking blades 122 in each group are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cutting flow picking blades 122 in adjacent cutting flow picking blade groups are distributed on the base 121 in the form of a spiral line. The rotating cutting flow picking blade 122 can continuously bring the scattered straw on the ground into the picking and feeding cover 111, and through the driving of the cutting flow picking blade 122, the straw is subjected to operation and processing such as extrusion, rubbing and tearing with the picking and feeding cover 111 in the process of rotating with the cutting flow picking blade 122, and then is continuously conveyed upward to the flexible and returned field device 2. The blade 123 is a curved sheet, the root of the blade 123 is fixed on the base 121, and the two side edges of each blade 123 are respectively fixed on two blade seats in adjacent cutting flow picking blade groups. In the operation process, the wind generated by the rotation of the blade 123 separates the soil blocks mixed in the picked straw. The driven sprocket 124 is fixed on the rotating shaft and synchronously rotates with the transmission device 4 through a chain.

[0032] As shown in Figure 5As shown, the stirring residue device 2 is used to stir the ploughed soil layer and form a transient buried space, and the materials such as straw and humic agent that need to be buried can be filled in the buried space. The stirring residue device 2 only stirs the original soil structure and does not have the effect of turning the soil structure. The stirring residue device 2 includes a plough body 21, a soil inlet guide rail 22, a material inlet cylinder 23 and a plough column 24. During the residue operation, the plough body 21 always travels in the ploughed soil layer. The overall shape of the plough body 21 is a hollow semi-conical body without a lower bottom, which is expanded in a fan shape. The streamlined outer contour structure has the characteristics of small travel resistance and large flux compared with the structure composed of multiple plates. The plough body 21 is horizontally placed, and the tip is the forward end. The cavity in the plough body 21 and the soil below jointly form a buried space for storing straw. An opening is provided at the top of the plough body 21, and the opening is fixedly connected with the lower outlet of the material inlet cylinder 23. Because the buried space is a semi-conical body with a small front and a large back, the open tail of the plough body 21 is relatively high compared with the plough tip. When the plough body 21 travels, a transient buried space is formed in the plough body 21, and the stirred soil is accumulated on both sides of the plough body 21. The buried space is filled, and after the plough body 21 continues to travel, the soil on both sides will automatically tilt to the middle under the action of gravity and automatically cover the buried space. The preferred size of the structure of the plough body 21 is that the side length of the plough body 21 is 1.5 m, the highest part of the buried space is 0.25 m, and the maximum distance between the two side lengths of the tail of the plough body 21 is 1 m. Although the plough distance of the optimized plough body 21 in the embodiment is large, because the plough body 21 moves in a streamlined trajectory, the travel resistance is small, the demand for traction can be greatly reduced, and in addition, it is not necessary to additionally increase the equipment for covering the soil, and the structure of the equipment is simplified.

[0033] The material inlet cylinder 23 is used to guide the straw picked up by the picking mechanism 12 into the buried space. The top of the material inlet cylinder 23 is sleeved with and communicates with the lower outlet of the flow guide cover 112. The lower outlet at the bottom of the material inlet cylinder 23 is fixedly connected with the top wall of the plough body 21 and communicates with the buried space. Preferably, the cross section of the material inlet cylinder 23 is in the shape of a waist or an ellipse. Compared with the traditional circular discharge cylinder, the waist-shaped or elliptical material inlet cylinder 23 not only saves space, but also has small resistance of the material (i.e. straw) descending, can provide the maximum discharge flux, and can also ensure the continuity of the discharge conveying. The plough column 24 is vertically fixed on the top wall of the plough body 21. A connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the frame 3. The plough column 24 and the connecting plate are fixedly connected with the frame 3 through the cooperation of the bolts and nuts. After the frame 3 is suspended from the tractor, the plough column 24 plays a role in traction for the plough body 21. In order to provide more stable traction, the plough column 24 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the material inlet cylinder 23 and the top wall of the plough body 21. In addition, in order to make the ploughing depth of the plough body 21 meet the operation requirements of different regions, a plurality of openings can be formed in the connecting plate. By changing the position of the opening in the connecting plate and the plough column 24, the ploughing depth of the plough body 21 can be adjusted.

[0034] In order to reduce the resistance when moving forward, the earth-penetrating guide rail 22 is plate-shaped and vertically arranged, which can be rectangular plate-shaped or right-angled trapezoidal plate-shaped, and the embodiment is preferably right-angled trapezoidal. The oblique side of the earth-penetrating guide rail 22 is located at the front end of the movement, and the right-angled side at the rear end is inserted into the plow tip at the front end of the plow body 21 and is fixedly connected with the plow column 24. During the movement, the earth-penetrating guide rail 22 cuts and separates the longitudinal direction of the soil layer to form a section.

[0035] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the transmission device 4 is connected with the power device of the tractor through the universal transmission shaft, and distributes the power of the tractor to the two picking and feeding mechanisms. The transmission device 4 includes a dustproof shell 41, and a rotating shaft 42, a driving sprocket 43, a driving gear 44 and a driven gear 45 are arranged in the dustproof shell 41. The rotating shaft 42 is four parallel arranged and rotatably arranged in the dustproof shell 41 through a bearing seat. One driving sprocket 43 and one driving gear 44 are arranged on each of the two rotating shafts 42 at the two sides, each driving sprocket 43 is connected with the driven sprocket in the corresponding picking and feeding mechanism 12 through a chain, and any one rotating shaft where the two driving sprockets are located can be used as a main transmission shaft and connected with the power device of the tractor through the universal transmission shaft. In order to make the flow-picking blades 122 in the two picking and feeding mechanisms 12 move in opposite directions during operation, each driving gear 44 is engaged with a driven gear 45, and the driven gears 45 are two and arranged on the two rotating shafts 42 in the middle and engaged with each other.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the powder spraying device 5 is used to provide the biological bacteria powder required for the decomposition of the straw and the spraying equipment required, and the installation position can be determined according to the required amount, the structure space and other specific conditions. The powder spraying device 5 includes a biological bacteria storage tank 51, a sprayer 52 and an air pump. The biological bacteria storage tank 51 stores decomposition agent powder. Since the composition of the decomposition agent is not improved in the embodiment, any decomposition agent powder sold on the market can be selected and purchased, which is not limited. The sprayer 52 is used to spray the powder in the biological bacteria storage tank 51, and a sprayer manufactured by Venturi effect is preferably used, and the spraying direction is towards the conveying channel of the straw. The air pump is communicated with the sprayer 52 through an air path, another branch of the sprayer 52 is communicated with the biological bacteria storage tank 51, and the airflow output from the air pump flows to the sprayer 52. According to the Venturi effect, the air pressure makes the powder in the biological bacteria storage tank 51 flow with the airflow, and the powder is sprayed to the straw conveyed into the filling cylinder 23 through the sprayer, so that the decomposition agent is attached to the straw and filled into the burying space.

[0037] Working process:

[0038] Preliminary preparations for returning straw to the field: Use a straw crusher to crush the straw into 5-10 cm long particles. The particles can be in the form of powder, flakes or filaments, and are spread on the cultivated fields. The staff will simply return the crushed straw to the rows. The row spacing is appropriate to the spacing between the two picking and feeding mechanisms 12, and the row width is appropriate to the length of the picking opening.

[0039] Preparations for returning the soil to the field: First, the operator suspends the frame 3 from the tractor, then connects the transmission device 4 to the tractor's power unit via a universal joint. Finally, the depth to which the plow body 21 should press down the soil is determined based on the accumulated temperature zone of the cultivated area. Specifically, the plow body 21 should be working within the non-frozen soil layer. This embodiment uses a 30 cm operating depth for the plow body 21 as an example.

[0040] During operation, the picking openings of the two picking and feeding mechanisms 12 come into contact with the straw on the ground. Driven by the chain transmission, the cutting picking blades 122 begin to rotate, picking up the neatly arranged straw on the ground and conveying it into the shroud 112. During this conveying process, the compost powder in the bio-bacteria storage tank 51 is sprayed and adheres to the straw during conveying. Simultaneously, the plow body 21 advances with the plow post 24, agitating and deep loosening the soil within a 30-cm layer, creating an instantaneous burial space. The straw, coated with compost, is collected by the shroud 112 into the feed barrel 23 and then injected into the burial space, where it converges to form a chain reaction zone composed of a mixture of straw and compost. The soil piled on both sides of the plow body 21 after agitation automatically pours into the central burial space after the plow body 21 passes and covers the straw, simultaneously achieving deep loosening, returning the soil to the field, and automatic soil covering.

[0041] Straw and composting agents are simultaneously and adequately added to the buried space beneath the ground surface. Because the straw band is continuous and unmixed with the soil, the amount of straw per unit area within the buried space is sufficient. The straw provides nutrients for the bacterial flora in the composting agent to multiply in the soil. When straw in one location reaches maturity, nearby straw also rapidly begins to mature, forming a chain reaction. This chain reaction provides rapid and efficient composting conditions for the straw within the buried space. The decomposed straw is mineralized into organic matter, compost, and mineral nutrients, providing the soil with easily absorbed organic fertilizer and increasing soil nutrients. Example 2

[0042] In order to improve the adhesion effect of the composting agent sprayed on the straw, this embodiment is further optimized based on Example 1.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the layering machine further comprises a water tank 6 for storing water and a water pump and a nozzle 61 arranged at a proper position on the housing 11, water in the water tank 6 is sprayed onto the straw in conveying towards the feeding cylinder 23 by the water pump, and the straw in conveying is first sprayed with water and then sprayed with the composting agent powder. By increasing the humidity of the straw, the adhesion rate of the composting agent powder adhered to the straw can be improved, and the required moisture for the composting of the straw can also be provided.

[0044] Working process:

[0045] During the conveying of the picked-up straw, the straw is first sprayed with water and then the composting agent powder is sprayed onto the moist straw, and the straw with the adhered composting agent powder is filled into the burying space.

[0046] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, these embodiments are all different implementations based on the overall concept of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A straw in-situ return to field deep layer paving machine, comprising: A frame (3) and a biological bacteria storage tank (51) placed on the frame (3), the frame (3) is used to be connected to a traction vehicle, and is characterized in that a picking and feeding integrated device (1) for enriching straw particles on the ground and a shaking and returning device (2) for shaking the soil and constructing an instantaneous burying space are carried on the frame (3), the shaking and returning device (2) transports the enriched straw into the burying space, and the buried straw forms a chain reaction belt; the picking and feeding integrated device (1) includes a shell (11) and a shell for picking up straw particles. A picking and feeding mechanism (12) for picking up ground straw, the picking and feeding mechanism (12) being driven by a transmission device (4), the picking and feeding mechanism (12) comprising a base (121), a cutting flow picking blade (122), a blade (123) and a driven sprocket (124), the base (121) being rotatably mounted on a frame (3), the cutting flow picking blade (122) being fixedly connected to the base (121) via a blade holder, the cutting flow picking blades (122) being arranged in a plurality of groups in an array at equal intervals along the length direction of the base (121), the cutting flow in each group The picking blades (122) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the cutting flow picking blades (122) in the adjacent cutting flow picking blade groups are distributed on the base (121) in the form of a spiral line. The roots of the blades (123) are fixed on the base (121), and the two side edges of each blade (123) are respectively fixed on the blade holders in the adjacent cutting flow picking blade groups. The driven sprocket (124) and the transmission device (4) realize chain transmission. The tumbling field returning device (2) includes a plow body (21), a soil entry guide rail (22), a feed barrel (23) and a plow. The plow body (21) is a hollow semi-conical body with a smaller front and a larger rear, and has a fan-shaped shape when unfolded. The inner wall of the plow body (21) and the soil enclose a transient burying space, and the burying space forms a straw conveying channel through the feeding cylinder (23) and the picking and feeding integrated device (1); the plow column (24) is fixedly connected to the plow body (21) and the feeding cylinder (23), and is detachably connected to the frame; the burying guide rail (22) is a plate-shaped plate vertically inserted into the front end of the plow body (21) and is fixedly connected to the plow column (24).

2. The deep-layer straw in-situ return to field machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Powder that accelerates the reaction of the straw is attached to the straw in the chain reaction zone. The powder is ejected by the ejector (52) located in the picking and feeding device (1) and then attached to the straw picked up by the picking and feeding device (1).

3. The deep-layer straw in-situ return to field machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The picking and feeding integrated device (1) is further provided with a nozzle (61) for spraying water onto the straw, and the nozzle (61) sprays water onto the straw before the ejector (52).

4. The deep-layer straw in-situ return to field machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (11) comprises a picking and feeding outer cover (111) and a flow guide cover (112); the picking and feeding outer cover (111) is arranged outside the picking and feeding mechanism (12); and the flow guide cover (112) is used to connect the picking and feeding outer cover (111) with the buried space constructed by the agitating and returning to the field device (2).

5. The deep-layer straw in-situ return to field machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two picking and feeding mechanisms (12), which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the moving direction of the shaking and returning device (2).

6. The deep-layer straw in-situ return to field machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross section of the feeding cylinder (23) is waist-shaped.

7. A method for laying a chain reaction belt during land preparation, characterized in that: The method adopts the straw in-situ return to field deep layer paving machine described in any one of claims 1 to 6 for paving, and the specific paving method is as follows: Before laying: first cut the straw particles scattered on the cultivated land and process them into rows; then hang the frame (3) on the tractor, connect the transmission device (4) with the power device of the tractor, and finally determine the depth to which the plow body (21) needs to press the soil according to the accumulated temperature zone of the cultivated area, so that the plow body (21) is in the non-frozen soil layer; During laying, the picking port of the picking and feeding mechanism (12) contacts the straw on the ground, and the cutting picking blade (122) starts to rotate under the drive of the chain transmission, picking up the straw that has been arranged in rows on the ground and transporting it to the guide cover (112). During the transportation process, the composting agent powder in the biological bacteria storage tank (51) is sprayed and attached to the straw being transported. At the same time, the plow body (21) and the plow column (24) agitate and loosen the soil deeply and construct an instantaneous burying space. The straw attached with the composting agent is gathered into the feeding barrel (23) through the guide cover (112), and then injected into the burying space together, and gathered into a chain reaction belt composed of a mixture of straw and composting agent in the burying space; the piled soil piled on both sides of the plow body (21) after agitation automatically pours into the burying space in the middle and covers the straw after the plow body (21) moves, thereby simultaneously achieving deep loosening, returning to the field and automatic covering.

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