Solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device which comprises an air inlet system, a carbon dioxide absorption and release system and a carbon dioxide output system, the air inlet system comprises an air blower, and the output end of the air blower is connected with the small opening end of the reducer pipe. The carbon dioxide absorption and release system comprises a rotational flow mechanism, one end of the rotational flow mechanism is communicated with the large opening end of the reducer pipe through an air valve, the other end of the rotational flow mechanism is communicated with one end of a gas channel, an electric heating belt is wound around the gas channel, and a carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is arranged in the gas channel; the carbon dioxide output system comprises a stainless steel rolling cone, one end of the stainless steel rolling cone is communicated with the other end of the gas channel, and the other end of the stainless steel rolling cone is communicated with storage equipment through a high polymer material pipe. According to the invention, the operation cost of the air carbon capture equipment is effectively reduced, and the carbon emission is reduced. The capture efficiency of the carbon dioxide is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air carbon capture, and in particular to a solar photovoltaic driven temperature-variable adsorption air carbon capture device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the global shortage of fossil energy and the intensification of the greenhouse effect have put tremendous pressure on environmental and social development and brought many severe challenges. The International Energy Agency has set a goal to strictly control the global temperature rise within 2°C by 2050. Obviously, controlling greenhouse gas emissions has become a key factor in achieving this goal. Globally, direct air carbon capture has attracted much attention as an effective way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at this stage. Air carbon capture technology itself has significant advantages. On the one hand, it can achieve efficient capture at the source of carbon dioxide emissions with its precise capture ability. On the other hand, it can also be far away from the emission source to carry out distributed capture of carbon dioxide in the air. The captured carbon dioxide can be subsequently combined with renewable energy for the synthesis of hydrocarbon fuels, etc., so as to help the recycling of energy and promote green development, thereby creating a good opportunity for the in-depth research and development of related technologies. However, since the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air is only about 385ppm, it is in an extremely thin state, which makes the process of capturing carbon dioxide from the air face many special problems.

[0003] At present, direct air carbon capture devices face many challenges in practical applications. The absorbent regeneration process used in some existing technologies is complicated, and usually requires large heating equipment and complex heat exchange systems to achieve carbon dioxide desorption, which not only leads to a large footprint of the equipment, but also extremely high energy consumption, which greatly increases the overall operating cost. In addition, the air intake system design of the air carbon capture device in the prior art is not perfect, and it is impossible to introduce a large amount of air stably and efficiently, which limits the capture amount of carbon dioxide. At the same time, some existing carbon capture devices rely on traditional power grids for energy supply, which is difficult to deploy in some remote areas or places with weak power grid infrastructure, and increases carbon emissions. Moreover, in the selection and application of carbon dioxide absorbents, some devices have problems such as low absorption efficiency and short service life, and the absorbent needs to be replaced frequently, which further increases the operating cost and operational complexity. The existing air carbon capture device is difficult and cumbersome to operate, and requires manual real-time monitoring and operation, and the labor cost is too high. Against the background of the increasingly urgent global demand for carbon emission reduction, there is an urgent need for an efficient, low-cost, energy-self-sufficient and easy-to-operate automated direct air carbon capture device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar photovoltaic driven temperature-swing adsorption air carbon capture device to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic driven temperature-variable adsorption air carbon capture device, which comprises an air intake system, a carbon dioxide absorption and release system and a carbon dioxide output system.

[0007] The air intake system comprises a blower, and the output end of the blower is connected to the small-mouth end of the reducer.

[0008] The carbon dioxide absorption and release system includes a cyclone mechanism, one end of which is connected to the large-mouth end of the reducer through a wind valve, and the other end is connected to one end of a gas channel. An electric heating belt is wrapped around the outside of the gas channel, and a carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is arranged inside the gas channel.

[0009] The carbon dioxide output system comprises a stainless steel cone, one end of which is connected to the other end of the gas channel, and the other end of which is connected to a storage device through a polymer material pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the swirl mechanism includes an outer cylinder made of corrosion-resistant metal material, both ends of the outer cylinder are respectively connected to the air valve and the gas channel, and the interior of the outer cylinder is evenly provided with a plurality of spiral blades with an inclination angle of 30°-40° along the circumferential direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is specifically configured as a spiral honeycomb structure, the outer edge of which is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the gas channel.

[0012] Furthermore, the pitch of the carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is 5-7 cm, and the honeycomb aperture is 5-10 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, a power pump is provided on the polymer material pipe between the stainless steel rolling cone and the storage device.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a power supply system, which includes a battery, and the battery is electrically connected to the blower, the air valve, the electric heating belt and the power pump.

[0015] Furthermore, the power supply system also includes a solar panel, and the solar panel is electrically connected to the battery.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a control system, which includes a programmable logic controller, and the blower, the air valve, the electric heating belt and the power pump are all communicatively connected to the programmable logic controller.

[0017] Furthermore, an inlet concentration sensor is provided at the output end of the blower, and an internal concentration sensor is provided in the gas channel. Both the inlet concentration sensor and the internal concentration sensor are communicatively connected to the programmable logic controller.

[0018] Furthermore, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are sequentially arranged at one end of the stainless steel rolling cone close to the gas channel, and both the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are communicatively connected to the programmable logic controller.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0020] On the one hand, the present invention utilizes solar photovoltaic panels to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, providing clean energy for the adsorption process, effectively reducing the operating cost of air carbon capture equipment and reducing carbon emissions; on the other hand, its optimized air intake system design ensures a stable and efficient air flow, greatly improving the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0021] The present invention uses temperature-swing adsorption technology to simplify the absorbent regeneration process, without the need for large-scale heating equipment and complex heat exchange systems, thereby reducing floor space and energy consumption, making the overall device more compact and economical.

[0022] The adsorbent carrier of the spiral honeycomb structure of the present invention provides a large specific surface area, so that the contact area between the adsorbent and the gas is increased, and the adsorption efficiency of carbon dioxide is improved. It also helps the transfer of heat and improves the efficiency of the carbon dioxide release process. At the same time, the present invention combines the use of gas cyclone to reduce mass transfer resistance, further shorten the carbon dioxide absorption time, and enhance the carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency.

[0023] The present invention adopts an automatic control system, which accurately controls the automatic operation of the carbon capture device through PLC, and carries out the carbon capture process in stages and in an orderly manner. This not only improves the accuracy and stability of carbon capture, but also reduces manual intervention and further reduces the complexity of operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction;

[0027] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Inlet concentration sensor; 2. Blower; 3. Reducer; 4. Air valve; 5. Swirl mechanism; 6. Gas channel; 7. Electric heating belt; 8. Internal concentration sensor; 9. Carbon dioxide absorbent carrier; 10. Pressure sensor; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Stainless steel cone; 13. Power pump; 14. Storage device; 15. Programmable logic controller; 16. Battery; 17. Solar panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a solar photovoltaic driven temperature-swing adsorption air carbon capture device includes an air intake system, a carbon dioxide absorption and release system, and a carbon dioxide output system.

[0029] The air intake system includes a blower 2, and the output end of the blower 2 is connected to the small end of the reducer 3. The blower 2 serves as a power source to introduce external air into the reducer 3. The reducer 3 is made of corrosion-resistant materials, and the diameter and length are reasonably designed according to the processing capacity of the overall device and site conditions. The inner wall of the pipe is smooth to reduce air flow resistance and ensure that air can smoothly enter the subsequent links.

[0030] The carbon dioxide absorption and release system includes a cyclone mechanism 5, one end of which is connected to the large end of the reducer 3 through the air valve 4, and the other end is connected to one end of the gas channel 6. In this embodiment, the cyclone mechanism includes an outer cylinder made of corrosion-resistant metal material, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the air valve 4 and the gas channel 6, and a plurality of spiral blades with an inclination angle of 30°-40° are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside the outer cylinder. Figure 2 As shown, the spiral blades inside the cyclone mechanism 5 are evenly distributed and fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder by bolts, which can convert the axial airflow into a rotating airflow, thereby enhancing the subsequent gas-solid two-phase contact efficiency and improving the adsorption effect of the adsorbent on carbon dioxide.

[0031] The gas channel 6 is wound with an electric heating belt 7, which is wound on the outer wall of the gas channel 6. Its power and heating time can be precisely controlled according to the characteristics of the absorbent, the amount of carbon dioxide adsorbed in the pipeline, and the required heat absorption efficiency. The material of the gas channel 6 has good thermal conductivity, ensuring that the heat generated by the electric heating belt can be quickly and evenly transferred to the inside of the pipeline, thereby improving the desorption efficiency.

[0032] A carbon dioxide absorbent carrier 9 is arranged inside the gas channel 6. The carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is used to carry the carbon dioxide absorbent, and a foam nickel material with high adsorption rotation and good thermal stability is selected. The carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is specifically arranged as a spiral honeycomb structure, and its outer edge is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the gas channel 6. The pitch of the rotating honeycomb structure of the carbon dioxide absorbent carrier 9 is 5-7cm, and the honeycomb aperture is 5-10mm. The porous characteristics of the carbon dioxide absorbent carrier can increase the contact area between the adsorbent and the gas, and improve the carbon dioxide adsorption efficiency. Moreover, the spiral structure can extend the airflow path, strengthen the swirl effect, and make the adsorbent contact with the gas more fully. At the same time, the design of the spiral channel helps to transfer heat evenly and improve the desorption efficiency.

[0033] The carbon dioxide output system includes a stainless steel cone 12, one end of which is connected to the other end of the gas channel 6, and the other end of the stainless steel cone 12 is connected to the storage device 14 through a polymer material pipe. In addition, a power pump 13 is installed on the polymer material pipe between the stainless steel cone 12 and the storage device 14. When carbon dioxide is released from the absorbent under the heating action of the electric heating belt 7, the power pump 13 is started to extract carbon dioxide and transport it to the storage device or subsequent processing process. The flow rate and pressure of the power pump 13 can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario, such as optimizing the design according to the pressure requirements of the storage device or the requirements of the subsequent processing process for the carbon dioxide flow rate. The connection between the power pump 13 and the stainless steel cone 12 and the storage device 14 is made of a polymer material pipe with good sealing performance to prevent carbon dioxide leakage and ensure that the captured carbon dioxide can be safely and efficiently collected and used. The polymer material pipe relies on its own flexibility to deform and fit, optimize the sealing interface, and use the intermolecular force to bond, and achieves advanced sealing by chemical resistance and stability.

[0034] The present invention also includes a power supply system, which includes a battery 16 and a solar panel 17 electrically connected to the battery 16. The battery 16 is electrically connected to the blower 2, the air valve 4, the electric heating belt 7 and the power pump 13, so as to provide power for the above-mentioned electrical components. The solar panel 17 uses a high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon solar panel, and its power is reasonably configured according to the overall energy consumption requirements of the device. After the solar panel 17 converts solar energy into electrical energy, the controller manages and distributes the electrical energy and stores it in the battery 16. The battery 16 provides a stable and reliable power supply for each electrical component of the device, ensuring that the device can operate normally under different lighting conditions, achieving energy self-sufficiency, reducing dependence on traditional power grids, and reducing carbon emissions.

[0035] In addition, the present invention also includes a control system, which includes a programmable logic controller 15 (PLC). An inlet concentration sensor 1 for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide at the air inlet is installed at the output end of the blower 2, and an internal concentration sensor 8 is installed in the gas channel 6. The signal output interfaces of the inlet concentration sensor 1 and the internal concentration sensor 8 are both communicatively connected to the signal input port of the programmable logic controller 15. A pressure sensor 10 for detecting the gas pressure in the pipeline and a temperature sensor 11 for detecting the temperature in the pipeline are sequentially installed at one end of the stainless steel cone 12 near the gas channel 6. The signal output ports of the pressure sensor 10 and the temperature sensor 11 are both communicatively connected to the signal input port of the programmable logic controller 15. The opening and closing signals of the blower 2, the air valve 4, the electric heating belt 7 and the power pump 13 are all connected to the programmable logic controller 15. The programmable logic controller 15 can judge the relevant conditions according to the data signals collected by each sensor, and then control the opening or closing of the blower 2, the air valve 4, the electric heating belt 7 and the power pump 13.

[0036] The specific working steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] Step a: start the blower 2 and open the air valve 4 to allow external air to enter the gas channel 6. During this process, the electric heating belt 7 and the pump 13 are turned off, and the carbon dioxide absorbent carrier 9 absorbs carbon dioxide.

[0038] Step b, the programmable logic controller 15 reads the value of the inlet concentration sensor 1 and the value of the internal concentration sensor 8 through the signal input port. When the difference between the two values ​​reaches the system preset carbon dioxide concentration difference, the programmable logic controller controls the power pump 13 to turn on, the blower 2, the air valve 4 and the electric heating belt 7 to turn off, thereby vacuuming the gas channel 6 through the power pump 13.

[0039] Step c, the programmable logic controller reads the values ​​of the pressure sensor 10 and the temperature sensor 11 through the signal input port. When the values ​​are lower than the system preset pressure value and the temperature value is lower than the system preset temperature value, the programmable logic controller controls the electric heating belt 7 to start, the blower 2, the air valve 4 and the power pump 13 to close, and the gas channel 6 is heated to raise the temperature to a suitable desorption temperature, thereby prompting the carbon dioxide absorbent to release the absorbed carbon dioxide.

[0040] Step d, the programmable logic controller reads the value of the internal concentration sensor 8 through the signal input port. When the value is stable and no longer changes, the programmable logic controller controls the power pump 13 to start, and turns off the blower 2, the air valve 4 and the electric heating belt 7, to extract the carbon dioxide released in the third stage and transport it to the storage device 14 or the subsequent processing process.

[0041] Step e, the programmable logic controller 15 is preset with relevant set values, and the control system has a timing program, and the timing program is set with a set duration. The programmable logic controller reads the values ​​of the pressure sensor 10 and the temperature sensor 11 through the signal input port. When the pressure value is lower than the system preset pressure value and the temperature value is higher than the system preset temperature value, the timing program is triggered, and the programmable logic controller controls the blower 2, the air valve 4, the heating device 7 and the pump 13 to close, so that the device cools down. After the timing program reaches the set duration, the automatic control system executes the next working cycle.

[0042] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar photovoltaic driven temperature-swing adsorption air carbon capture device, characterized in that: It includes an air intake system, a carbon dioxide absorption and release system, and a carbon dioxide output system; The air intake system includes a blower, and the output end of the blower is connected to the small-mouth end of the reducer; The carbon dioxide absorption and release system comprises a cyclone mechanism, one end of which is connected to the large-mouth end of the reducer through a wind valve, and the other end is connected to one end of a gas channel, an electric heating belt is wound around the outside of the gas channel, and a carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is arranged inside the gas channel; The carbon dioxide output system comprises a stainless steel cone, one end of which is connected to the other end of the gas channel, and the other end of which is connected to a storage device through a polymer material pipe.

2. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The swirl mechanism includes an outer cylinder made of corrosion-resistant metal material, the two ends of the outer cylinder are respectively connected to the air valve and the gas channel, and the interior of the outer cylinder is evenly provided with a plurality of spiral blades with an inclination angle of 30°-40° along the circumferential direction.

3. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is specifically configured as a spiral honeycomb structure, the outer edge of which is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the gas channel.

4. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The pitch of the carbon dioxide absorbent carrier is 5-7 cm, and the honeycomb aperture is 5-10 mm.

5. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A power pump is arranged on the polymer material pipe between the stainless steel rolling cone and the storage device.

6. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply system, which includes a battery. The battery is electrically connected to the blower, the air valve, the electric heating belt and the power pump.

7. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power supply system further comprises a solar panel, and the solar panel is electrically connected to the battery.

8. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which includes a programmable logic controller. The blower, the air valve, the electric heating belt and the power pump are all connected to the programmable logic controller for communication.

9. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inlet concentration sensor is provided at the output end of the blower, and an internal concentration sensor is provided in the gas channel. Both the inlet concentration sensor and the internal concentration sensor are communicatively connected with the programmable logic controller.

10. The solar photovoltaic driven temperature swing adsorption air carbon capture device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are sequentially arranged at one end of the stainless steel rolling cone close to the gas channel, and both the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are communicatively connected with the programmable logic controller.

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