Continuous operation turning machine tool based on rotary tool bit switching structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutting machine tools, and discloses a continuous operation turning machine tool based on a rotary tool bit switching structure, which comprises a tool handle, the outer end of the tool handle is fixedly connected with a tool bridge, and one end, far away from the tool bridge, of the tool handle is connected with a main shaft. The continuous operation turning machine tool based on the rotary tool bit switching structure can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, when a bridge type boring tool is used for boring operation of a large-diameter workpiece, a tool bit of the boring tool needs to extend to a large-diameter position for hole machining, similarly, the position of a balancing weight needs to be correspondingly adjusted, and machining efficiency is high. In the prior art, an operator needs to frequently and manually intervene the position of a balancing weight to maintain the balance state of a cutter bridge, and once the gravity center of the cutter bridge deviates, especially in the working state of high-speed rotation, a serious vibration phenomenon is caused, so that the problems that the machining precision of a finished product is poor, and the service life of a cutter is short are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cutting machine tools, and in particular to a continuous operation turning machine tool based on a rotary cutter head switching structure. Background Art

[0002] Boring tool is a tool used for metal cutting, mainly used to enlarge, finish or correct existing holes to improve the size accuracy, shape accuracy and surface quality of the holes. It is widely used in precision machining in the fields of automobile manufacturing, aerospace, shipbuilding industry, etc.

[0003] In the existing technology, a bridge-type boring tool is used for boring operations on large-diameter workpieces. When the boring tool head needs to be extended to a larger diameter position for hole processing, the position of the counterweight block also needs to be adjusted accordingly. The operator needs to frequently manually intervene in the position of the counterweight block to maintain the balance of the tool bridge. Once the center of gravity of the tool bridge deviates, especially under high-speed rotating working conditions, it will cause more serious vibration, which will lead to poor processing accuracy of the finished product and low tool life. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a continuous operation turning machine based on a rotary tool head switching structure, which can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that a bridge-type boring tool is used for boring operations on large-diameter workpieces. When the boring tool head needs to be extended to a larger diameter position for hole processing, the position of the counterweight block also needs to be adjusted accordingly. The operator needs to frequently manually intervene in the position of the counterweight block to maintain the balance of the tool bridge. Once the center of gravity of the tool bridge deviates, especially under high-speed rotation working conditions, it will cause more serious vibration, which will lead to poor finished product processing accuracy and low tool life.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a continuous operation turning machine tool based on a rotary tool head switching structure, comprising: A knife handle, wherein the outer end of the knife handle is fixedly connected to a knife bridge, the end of the knife handle away from the knife bridge is connected to a spindle, the knife bridge is slidably connected to a slider via a dovetail block fixed on its upper surface, two sliders are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife bridge, a cavity is provided inside the knife bridge, and a balancing piece for maintaining the stability of the knife bridge is provided inside the cavity; A knife seat, wherein the bottom of the knife seat is detachably connected to a base, the lower surface of the base is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider, and the upper surface of the knife seat is detachably mounted with a blade; Among them, the balance member includes a bidirectional screw rod, which is rotatably connected to the inside of the knife bridge through a bearing sleeved in the middle thereof, and the outer end of the bidirectional screw rod is fixedly connected to a nut rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and the slider is meshed with the circumferential outer surface of the bidirectional screw rod through a connecting ring block fixed at its bottom, and a counterweight block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider away from the knife seat, and the knife bridge is provided with a protective member for preventing debris from entering the cavity through a displacement groove opened on its upper surface.

[0006] Furthermore, the protective member includes baffle plate 1 and baffle plate 2 which are both slidably connected to the inside of the displacement groove, and baffle plate 1 and baffle plate 2 are distributed left and right with the tool handle as the center, and the side of baffle plate 1 away from the tool seat is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the counterweight block, and the side of baffle plate 2 close to the tool seat is fixedly connected to the circumferential outer surface of the base.

[0007] Furthermore, the lower surfaces of baffle plate 1 and baffle plate 2 are both in contact with the upper surface of the knife bridge, and a cavity is provided on the side of the counterweight block away from the knife seat, and a pressure piece is provided inside the cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressing member includes a sliding rod slidably connected to the inside of the cavity, the end of the sliding rod away from the knife seat passes through the cavity and is fixedly connected to an inclined scraper, and the end of the sliding rod away from the inclined scraper is fixedly connected to an end block that fits the inner wall of the cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, a spring 1 connected to the inner wall of the cavity is provided at one end of the end block close to the knife seat, and a spring 2 connected to the inner wall of the cavity is provided at one end of the end block away from the knife seat. The spring 2 is sleeved on the circumferential outer surface of the sliding rod, and the spring 1 and spring 2 are distributed on both sides of the end block.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer surface of the inclined scraper adopts a curved surface design.

[0011] Furthermore, a sliding groove is provided on the side of the counterweight block away from the knife seat, the outer side of the inclined scraper is fixedly connected to a side plate which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove, the outer surface of the side plate close to the inclined scraper adopts an arc edge design, and the side of the inclined scraper away from the counterweight block is fixedly connected to a brush head.

[0012] Furthermore, the nut is slidably connected to a magnetic column via an inner cavity opened on its circumferential outer surface, an outer cavity is opened inside the knife bridge, the interior of the outer cavity is connected to the interior of the cavity, and the side of the inner wall of the outer cavity away from the inner cavity adopts a magnetic design that is magnetically attracted to the outer end of the magnetic column.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention is provided with a balancing piece. When adjusting the position of the blade following the aperture, the tool holder and the counterweight are linked by a bidirectional screw. The tool holder position is adjusted by driving the bidirectional screw to rotate inside the tool bridge. At the same time, the counterweight moves synchronously. The two always move in the same direction or in opposite directions. There is no need to manually move the counterweight for a second time after the tool holder position is moved, thereby ensuring the continuity of the boring process. When the tool holder slides to any position within the moving range, the counterweight can cooperate with it to maintain the balance of both sides of the tool bridge, reducing the vibration caused by the center of gravity offset. During the boring process, it helps to improve the quality of the processed surface and reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece. At the same time, it prolongs the service life of the tool and the machine tool, reduces equipment loss, and improves the boring process efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a knife handle, a knife bridge, a knife seat and a counterweight block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the knife bridge, knife seat, slider and counterweight block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the knife bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure with a partial enlargement at the center; Figure 6 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure with a partial enlargement at B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a balancing member according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the pressing member and the counterweight block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The numbers in the figure represent: 1. tool handle; 11. tool bridge; 111. cavity; 12. slider; 13. balance member; 131. bidirectional screw rod; 132. connecting ring block; 133. counterweight block; 1331. cavity; 14. nut; 141. inner cavity; 142. magnetic column; 2. tool holder; 21. base; 22. blade; 23. protective member; 231. baffle 1; 232. baffle 2; 25. pressure member; 251. sliding rod; 252. inclined scraper; 2521. brush head; 253. end block; 254. spring 1; 255. spring 2; 256. side panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Example:

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a continuous operation turning machine tool based on a rotary tool head switching structure, comprising: A knife handle 1, the outer end of the knife handle 1 is fixedly connected to a knife bridge 11, the end of the knife handle 1 away from the knife bridge 11 is connected to a spindle, the knife bridge 11 is slidably connected to a slider 12 through a dovetail block fixed on its upper surface, two sliders 12 are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife bridge 11, a cavity 111 is provided inside the knife bridge 11, and a balancing piece 13 for maintaining the stability of the knife bridge 11 is provided inside the cavity 111; A knife seat 2, the bottom of which is detachably connected to a base 21, the lower surface of the base 21 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider 12, and a blade 22 is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the knife seat 2; The balance member 13 includes a bidirectional screw rod 131, which is rotatably connected to the inside of the knife bridge 11 through a bearing sleeved in the middle thereof, and a nut 14 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the bidirectional screw rod 131 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cavity 111, and the slider 12 is meshed with the circumferential outer surface of the bidirectional screw rod 131 through a connecting ring block 132 fixed at the bottom thereof, and a counterweight block 133 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider 12 on the side away from the knife seat 2; The knife bridge 11 is provided with a protection member 23 through a displacement groove opened on the upper surface thereof, which can be used to prevent debris from entering the cavity 111 .

[0020] The protective member 23 includes baffle plate 1 231 and baffle plate 232 which are both slidably connected to the inside of the displacement groove. Baffle plate 1 231 and baffle plate 232 are distributed left and right with the tool handle 1 as the center. The side of baffle plate 1 231 away from the tool seat 2 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the counterweight block 133, and the side of baffle plate 232 close to the tool seat 2 is fixedly connected to the circumferential outer surface of the base 21.

[0021] The lower surfaces of the baffle plate 1 231 and the baffle plate 2 232 are both in contact with the upper surface of the knife bridge 11 . A cavity 1331 is formed on the side of the counterweight block 133 away from the knife seat 2 . A pressing member 25 is disposed inside the cavity 1331 .

[0022] The pressing member 25 includes a sliding rod 251 slidably connected to the inside of the cavity 1331. The end of the sliding rod 251 away from the knife seat 2 passes through the cavity 1331 and is fixedly connected to an inclined scraper 252. The end of the sliding rod 251 away from the inclined scraper 252 is fixedly connected to an end block 253 that fits the inner wall of the cavity 1331.

[0023] One end of the end block 253 close to the knife seat 2 is provided with a spring 1 254 connected to the inner wall of the cavity 1331, and the end of the end block 253 away from the knife seat 2 is provided with a spring 255 connected to the inner wall of the cavity 1331. The spring 255 is sleeved on the circumferential outer surface of the sliding rod 251, and the spring 1 254 and the spring 255 are distributed on both sides of the end block 253.

[0024] The outer surface of the inclined scraper 252 is designed to be a curved surface.

[0025] A sliding groove is provided on the side of the counterweight block 133 away from the knife seat 2, and the outer side of the inclined scraper 252 is fixedly connected to a side plate 256 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove. The outer surface of the side plate 256 is designed with an arc edge on the side close to the inclined scraper 252, and the side of the inclined scraper 252 away from the counterweight block 133 is fixedly connected to a brush head 2521.

[0026] The nut 14 is slidably connected to the magnetic column 142 through the inner cavity 141 opened on the outer surface of its circumference. The knife bridge 11 is provided with an outer cavity, and the interior of the outer cavity is connected to the interior of the cavity 111. The side of the inner wall of the outer cavity away from the inner cavity 141 adopts a magnetic design that is magnetically attracted to the outer end of the magnetic column 142. The end of the magnetic column 142 close to the outer cavity adopts an arc design to play a guiding role. The outer cavity corresponds to the inner cavity 141 one by one, and a plurality of magnetic columns 142 are arranged in a circumferential array. The nut 14 adopts an intermittently rotating structural design in the cavity 111, that is, it will pause every certain degree of rotation, so that the nut 14 finally stays in a suitable position, so that the outer surface of the circumference of the magnetic column 142 can enter the interior of the outer cavity.

[0027] The process of assembling each part: In practical applications, the length of the tool bridge 11 is selected according to the diameter required for actual processing.

[0028] In the initial state, two groups of sliders 12 are slidably connected to the top of the knife bridge 11, and the two sliders 12 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife handle 1, one of the sliders 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 21, and the other slider 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the counterweight 133. The baffle plate 1 231 is always fixedly connected to the outer surface of the counterweight 133, and the baffle plate 232 is always fixedly connected to the circumferential outer surface of the base 21.

[0029] According to rough machining or fine machining, a suitable blade 22 is selected and fixed on the outside of the top of the knife seat 2 by bolts. The blade 22 protrudes from the outer end of the knife seat 2. The distance from the outermost end of the blade 22 to the axis of the knife seat 2 is greater than the distance from the outermost end of the knife seat 2 to the axis of the knife seat 2, and is also greater than the distance from the outermost end of the base 21 to the axis of the knife seat 2. When machining a circular inner hole with a large diameter, the knife seat 2 with the blade 22 installed is placed from above into the base 21, and the hole below the knife seat 2 is aligned with the hole on the outer surface of the circumference of the base 21, and the knife seat 2 is fixed to the base 21 by external locking bolts. Finally, the blade 22 is at the end of the outer surface of the knife seat 2 away from the handle 1.

[0030] After placement, use a magnetic hexagonal wrench to twist the outer end of the nut 14 at the port of the knife bridge 11. After the strong magnetic end of the hexagonal wrench is inserted into the hexagonal slot of the nut 14, the magnetic column 142 moves toward the center of the nut 14 under the magnetic attraction of the hexagonal wrench. The magnetic force of the hexagonal wrench is greater than the magnetic force of the end face of the inner wall of the outer cavity. At this time, the magnetic column 142 is completely inside the inner cavity 141 and is separated from the outer cavity. The nut 14 is fixedly connected to the bidirectional screw 131. The hexagonal wrench can easily twist the nut 14 and the bidirectional screw 131. When twisting, the bidirectional screw 131 follows it and rotates in the cavity 111 inside the knife bridge 11. When the bidirectional screw 131 rotates, the slider 12 meshing with it slides left and right above the knife bridge 11, and the sliders 12 on both sides move towards or away from each other at the same time. Under this effect, the farther the tool holder 2 is from the tool handle 1, the farther the counterweight 133 is from the tool handle 1; the closer the tool holder 2 is to the tool handle 1, the closer the counterweight 133 is to the tool handle 1. There is no need to manually measure the position of the tool holder 2 for a second time and then adjust the position of the counterweight 133. This can ensure stability during the boring process, maintain balance on both sides of the tool bridge 11, and reduce vibration.

[0031] When the strong magnetic end of the hexagonal wrench is pulled out from the nut 14, the magnetic column 142 inside the multiple inner cavities 141 loses the strong magnetic attraction of the hexagonal wrench, and the end of the magnetic column 142 away from the axis of the nut 14 is quickly magnetically attracted to the inner end of the outer cavity. At this time, half of the magnetic column 142 is inside the inner cavity 141, and the other half is inside the outer cavity. The magnetic column 142 fixes the bidirectional screw rod 131 and the knife bridge 11 into a whole, preventing the bidirectional screw rod 131 from deviating during rotation.

[0032] The balance member 13 can be used for the rough adjustment of the position of the blade 22. After the rough adjustment, the hexagonal wrench is used to adjust the boring head adjustment hole on the side of the outer circumferential surface of the tool holder 2 away from the blade 22, and the size is adjusted to the required size according to the size mark line to complete the fine adjustment of the position of the blade 22. After completing the adjustment of each part, the end of the tool handle 1 away from the tool bridge 11 is inserted into the main shaft of the machine tool, and the workpiece after the limit is completed is bored.

[0033] The process of boring a workpiece: Turn on the boring machine power supply. As the spindle rotates, the tool handle 1, tool bridge 11, counterweight 133, tool holder 2 and other structures all rotate. Through the feeding mechanism such as the working table or slide of the boring machine, the blade 22 slowly moves to the position of the hole to be processed in the workpiece. As the distance between the blade 22 and the external workpiece gets closer and closer, the blade 22 begins to contact the inner hole of the external workpiece. When the blade 22 contacts the surface of the workpiece, the boring process begins. As the spindle rotates and feeds, the workpiece material is gradually removed to form the required hole diameter.

[0034] During the cutting process, the spindle drives the tool handle 1 to rotate, and the inclined scraper 252 in the counterweight 133 is subjected to centrifugal action. The inclined scraper 252 and the side plate 256 move as a whole to the side away from the tool handle 1 (close to the inner wall surface of the workpiece) until the brush head 2521 on its outer surface contacts the circumferential inner wall of the workpiece. At this time, the spring 255 sleeved on the outer surface of the sliding rod 251 and located in the cavity 1331 near the inclined scraper 252 is compressed and elastically deformed. Under the action of the spring 255, the inclined scraper 252 and the brush head 2521 on its outer surface move relatively gently to the inner wall of the workpiece, avoiding direct rigid contact with the outer surface of the workpiece, causing vibration during boring, etc., which helps to ensure the overall stability of the processing. The outer surface of the inclined scraper 252 away from the counterweight 133 is a curved surface. The inclined scraper 252 is spiral centered on the tool handle 1. In accordance with the clockwise rotation direction of the spindle in the machine tool, the side plate 256 fixed on the outer surface of the inclined scraper 252 can move the metal chips on the inner wall of the workpiece circumference away from the blade 22 to prevent the metal chips from being entangled in the connection between the tool handle 1 and the tool bridge 11. Since the inclined scraper 252 adopts an inclined design, it can give the metal chips a force to be thrown out during the rotation process, so that the boring action is not affected and the processing quality is guaranteed. At the same time, the side plate 256 can also protect the outer surface of the sliding rod 251 from being entangled by metal chips during the boring process.

[0035] After boring is completed, the spindle stops rotating, the inclined scraper 252 and the side plate 256 in the pressure member 25 lose their centrifugal effect, and under the action of the spring 1 254 and the spring 255, the whole body returns to the handle 1 until the end block 253 is in the middle of the cavity 1331. At this time, the brush head 2521 on the outer surface of the inclined scraper 252 no longer contacts the inner wall of the workpiece. After boring is completed, the spindle drives the handle 1 to move in the horizontal direction, so that the whole body moves away from the blade 22, so as to avoid the blade 22 scraping the inner wall surface of the workpiece from another angle during the retraction process, causing scratches on the inner wall surface of the workpiece.

[0036] After the spindle stops, the tool handle 1 moves as a whole toward the counterweight 133, the distance from the outermost end of the blade 22 to the axis of the circular hole workpiece becomes shorter, the blade 22 no longer fits against the inner wall surface of the workpiece, and the distance from the outer surface of the inclined scraper 252 to the axis of the circular hole workpiece becomes longer, the axis line of the circular workpiece is offset from the central axis of the tool handle 1, the inclined scraper 252 and the brush head 2521 on its outer surface are squeezed, the brush head 2521 fits tightly against the inner wall of the circular workpiece, the distance between the inclined scraper 252 and the counterweight 133 is reduced, the end block 253 moves toward the side of the tool handle 1 along with the sliding rod 251, the spring 1 254 on the side of the end block 253 inside the cavity 1331 close to the tool handle 1 is squeezed, and the spring 1 254 undergoes elastic deformation. Similarly, when the spindle drives the blade 22 to reset, the inclined scraper 252 and the brush head 2521 contact the inner wall surface of the circular workpiece through the spring 254, and the whole is in flexible contact with the inner wall of the workpiece to avoid damage to the workpiece during the retraction process.

[0037] The blade 22 gradually moves in the initial direction inside the circumference of the workpiece. During this process, the inclined scraper 252 and the brush head 2521 on its outer surface are always in contact with the inner wall of the workpiece until the inclined scraper 252 retreats to the edge of the workpiece. At the moment when the inclined scraper 252 is separated from the workpiece, the elastic potential energy of the compressed spring 1 254 and the spring 2 255 is instantly released at this time. The inclined scraper 252, the side plate 256 and the brush head 2521 are instantly expanded outward under the action of the spring 1 254 and the spring 2 255, and swing back and forth to a certain extent, so that some metal debris adhered to the outer surface of the brush head 2521 bounces outward.

[0038] The process of boring the external hole: Loosen the multiple fixing bolts on the outer surface of the base 21, remove the tool holder 2 from the inside of the base 21, rotate it 180 degrees and put it down again, so that the blade 22 on the outer surface of the tool holder 2 is close to the side of the handle 1, and use the fixing bolts again to fix the tool holder 2 to the knife bridge 11 through the base 21 as a whole. Similar to the above debugging process, first screw the outer end nut 14 of the bidirectional screw 131, and through the rotation of the bidirectional screw 131, drive the sliders 12 on both sides to move in the same direction or in reverse on the knife bridge 11. The center of gravity of the tool holder 2 and the counterweight block 133 on both sides of the knife bridge 11 is symmetrical, ensuring that the two are in a balanced state during the rotation process. After roughly adjusting the approximate position, finely adjust the boring head adjustment hole on the outer surface of the tool holder 2, and adjust it to the required size according to the size mark line to complete the fine adjustment of the position of the blade 22.

[0039] After the position is fixed, the distance between the outermost end of the blade 22 and the axis of the tool handle 1 is smaller than the distance between the counterweight block 133 and the axis of the tool handle 1, so as to ensure that during the boring process, the axis of the tool handle 1 coincides with the central axis of the circular hole of the workpiece. When the spindle drives the tool handle 1 to rotate at high speed, the length from the outermost end of the blade 22 to the axis of the tool handle 1 is equal to the radius of the boring hole required for the workpiece, so as to avoid the side of the counterweight block 133 close to the tool handle 1 colliding with the outer surface of the workpiece during the boring process. There is no need to manually adjust the position of the counterweight block 133 for a second time, thereby avoiding errors caused by manual adjustment, thereby ensuring safety during the processing.

[0040] In summary, this structure has the following advantages: Advantage 1. The tool holder 2 and the counterweight 133 are linked by the bidirectional screw 131. The position of the tool holder 2 is adjusted by driving the bidirectional screw 131 to rotate inside the tool bridge 11. At the same time, the counterweight 133 moves synchronously. The two always move in the same direction or in opposite directions. There is no need to manually move the counterweight 133 for a second time after the tool holder 2 is moved. The tool holder 2 slides to any position within the moving range, and the counterweight 133 can cooperate with it to maintain the balance of both sides of the tool bridge 11, reducing vibration caused by center of gravity offset. During the boring process, it helps to improve the quality of the machined surface and reduce the surface roughness of the workpiece. At the same time, it extends the service life of the tool and machine tools and reduces equipment loss.

[0041] Advantage 2: Even if the distance of the slider 12 is adjusted, the top of the cavity 111 is connected to the outside of the knife bridge 11, and the connecting ring block 132 under the slider 12 is meshed and slid with the bidirectional screw 131. The inside of the cavity 111 is isolated from the outside of the knife bridge 11 by baffle 1 231 and baffle 2 232 to prevent iron filings from entering the inside of the cavity 111 during high-speed rotation, causing the internal bidirectional screw 131 to get stuck and the slider 12 to be unable to move and adjust.

[0042] Advantage three: After the position adjustment of the tool holder 2 is completed, it is fixed to the surface of the tool bridge 11 by bolts, but the high-speed rotation of the spindle will cause the bolts to loosen, and the size will change during the boring process. The nut 14 in the present invention can ensure the relative position of the tool holder 2 and the tool bridge 11 during high-speed rotation. In the initial state, half of the magnetic column 142 is inside the inner cavity 141, and the other half is inside the outer cavity. The end of the magnetic column 142 away from the center of the nut 14 is magnetically attracted to the inner wall end face of the outer cavity. The magnetic column 142 fixes the bidirectional screw 131 and the tool bridge 11 into a whole, and is not affected during high-speed rotation, thereby avoiding the deviation of the bidirectional screw 131 during boring, resulting in inaccurate boring hole size.

[0043] Advantage 4: The inclined scraper 252 adopts a curved surface and a spiral design, and the side plate 256 is fixed on its outer side. When the spindle rotates at a high speed, the inclined scraper 252 and the side plate 256 work together to give the metal debris a force to throw outward (away from the side to be bored), thereby avoiding a large amount of metal debris from accumulating on the side of the workpiece that has not yet been bored, affecting the subsequent contact between the blade 22 and the workpiece.

[0044] Advantage 5: After boring is completed, at the moment when the inclined scraper 252 is separated from the workpiece, the elastic potential energy of the spring 1 254 and the spring 2 255 is released, driving the inclined scraper 252 and the brush head 2521 on its outer surface to swing back and forth, so that the metal debris adhered to the brush head 2521 is bounced outward, reducing the potential impact of the debris residue on subsequent processing.

[0045] Advantage 6. In the prior art, some bridge-type boring cutters have boring cutters placed on both sides. After the inner hole boring is completed, the tool needs to be retracted. Both ends are boring cutters, and the tool handle 1 cannot be moved in the radial direction of the inner wall of the workpiece. If it is moved directly in the axial direction, the contact angle between the blade 22 and the inside of the workpiece will change from that during boring. When the blade 22 is retracted, it will scrape the inner wall surface of the workpiece, causing scratches on the inner wall surface of the workpiece, accelerating the wear of the blade 22. The blade 22 can only be removed from the tool holder 2 or the slider 12 can be moved on the tool bridge 11, which is cumbersome to operate. In the device, one side of the counterweight block 133 adopts an elastically connected inclined scraper 252 and a brush head 2521, which do not need to be disassembled when retracting the tool, which is conducive to maintaining the continuity of the boring operation. The inclined scraper 252 and the brush head 2521 are in flexible contact with the inner wall of the workpiece to avoid damage to the workpiece during the retraction process, extend the service life of the blade 22, and ensure the smoothness of the inner wall of the workpiece during the retraction process.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous operation turning machine tool based on a rotary tool head switching structure, characterized in that: include: A knife handle (1), wherein the outer end of the knife handle (1) is fixedly connected to a knife bridge (11), the end of the knife handle (1) away from the knife bridge (11) is connected to a spindle, the knife bridge (11) is slidably connected to a slider (12) via a dovetail block fixed on its upper surface, two sliders (12) are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the knife bridge (11), a cavity (111) is provided inside the knife bridge (11), and a balancing piece (13) is provided inside the cavity (111) for maintaining the stability of the knife bridge (11); A knife seat (2), wherein the bottom of the knife seat (2) is detachably connected to a base (21), the lower surface of the base (21) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider (12), and a blade (22) is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the knife seat (2); The balancing member (13) comprises a bidirectional screw rod (131), the bidirectional screw rod (131) being rotatably connected to the inside of the knife bridge (11) via a bearing sleeved in the middle thereof, the outer end of the bidirectional screw rod (131) being fixedly connected to a nut (14) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cavity (111), the slider (12) being meshed with the circumferential outer surface of the bidirectional screw rod (131) via a connecting ring block (132) fixed at the bottom thereof, a counterweight block (133) being fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slider (12) away from the knife seat (2), and the knife bridge (11) being provided with a protective member (23) for preventing debris from entering the cavity (111) via a shifting groove provided on its upper surface.

2. A continuous operation turning machine tool based on a rotary tool head switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective member (23) comprises a baffle plate 1 (231) and a baffle plate 2 (232) both of which are slidably connected to the interior of the displacement groove; the baffle plate 1 (231) and the baffle plate 2 (232) are distributed left and right with the knife handle (1) as the center; a side of the baffle plate 1 (231) away from the knife seat (2) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the counterweight (133); a side of the baffle plate 2 (232) close to the knife seat (2) is fixedly connected to the circumferential outer surface of the base (21).

3. A continuous operation turning machine tool based on a rotary tool head switching structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower surfaces of baffle plate 1 (231) and baffle plate 2 (232) are both in contact with the upper surface of the knife bridge (11); a cavity (1331) is provided on a side of the counterweight block (133) away from the knife seat (2); a pressing member (25) is provided inside the cavity (1331).

4. The continuous operation turning machine tool based on the rotary tool head switching structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The pressing member (25) comprises a sliding rod (251) slidably connected to the inside of the cavity (1331); one end of the sliding rod (251) away from the knife seat (2) passes through the cavity (1331) and is fixedly connected to an inclined scraper (252); and one end of the sliding rod (251) away from the inclined scraper (252) is fixedly connected to an end block (253) that fits the inner wall of the cavity (1331).

5. The continuous operation turning machine tool based on the rotary tool head switching structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spring 1 (254) connected to the inner wall of the cavity (1331) is arranged at one end of the end block (253) close to the knife seat (2), and a spring 2 (255) connected to the inner wall of the cavity (1331) is arranged at one end of the end block (253) away from the knife seat (2). The spring 2 (255) is sleeved on the circumferential outer surface of the sliding rod (251), and the spring 1 (254) and the spring 2 (255) are distributed on both sides of the end block (253).

6. The continuous operation turning machine tool based on the rotary tool head switching structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the inclined scraper (252) adopts a curved surface design.

7. The continuous operation turning machine tool based on the rotary tool head switching structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided on a side of the counterweight block (133) away from the knife seat (2); a side plate (256) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the inclined scraper plate (252) and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove; an arc edge design is adopted on the side of the outer surface of the side plate (256) close to the inclined scraper plate (252); and a brush head (2521) is fixedly connected to the side of the inclined scraper plate (252) away from the counterweight block (133).

8. The continuous operation turning machine tool based on the rotary tool head switching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut (14) is slidably connected to the magnetic column (142) via an inner cavity (141) provided on its circumferential outer surface; an outer cavity is provided inside the knife bridge (11); the interior of the outer cavity is connected to the interior of the cavity (111); and a side of the inner wall of the outer cavity away from the inner cavity (141) adopts a magnetic design that is magnetically attracted to the outer end of the magnetic column (142).

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