Stainless steel optical fiber steel belt laser welding method

Abstract

A stainless steel optical fiber steel belt laser welding method comprises the steps of S1, steel belt cutting, S2, surface and burr cleaning, S3, splicing, S4, welding positioning and S5, laser welding, welding positioning is that a welding starting point and a welding ending point are determined according to a welding seam, the two points are located on the welding seam and are arranged close to the two ends of the welding seam, and the vertical distance between the starting point and the side edge of the steel belt close to the starting point is equal to the vertical distance between the ending point and the side edge of the steel belt. The distance between the starting point and the ending point is equal to the vertical distance between the ending point and the side edge of the steel strip close to the ending point and is L, the laser welding is performed by adopting a laser welding device according to the positions of the two points in a circular swinging manner, the swinging radius is R, and L is equal to R; the distance is compensated through circular swing, then full welding of a welding seam is achieved, gaps are prevented from being formed in the sharp corner positions of the steel belts at the two ends of the welding seam, secondary cutting or additional arrangement of an arc starting plate and an arc stopping plate is not needed, the welding production efficiency is remarkably improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a laser welding method for a stainless steel optical fiber strip. Background Art

[0002] In order to meet the length requirements of steel strip coated optical fiber, the steel strip is usually required to be butt-connected. The commonly used connection method is resistance welding. Since the overlap of resistance welding points and seam welding increases the thickness of the weld, not only an angle is formed around the welding nugget of the two plates, resulting in low tensile strength and fatigue strength of the joint, but also low efficiency, which is not suitable for mass production. Moreover, when welding the steel strip, the steel strip is easy to shrink at the sharp corners at both ends of the weld to form a gap, and the formation of the gap will cause leakage welding at the gap when pulling and welding the coated optical fiber, thereby burning the optical fiber. There are also some processing methods that cut the entire edge of the gap after welding to avoid optical fiber burning caused by leakage welding, but this method is bound to seriously waste raw materials.

[0003] The application document with publication number CN115647592A in the patent library discloses a method for laser welding of thin steel strips, which avoids shrinkage at the beveled corners by placing short steel strips as arc-starting plates and arc-extinguishing plates on both sides of the steel strips butted at an angle of 45 degrees. For example, the titanium alloy continuous welded pipe and its preparation method disclosed in the application document with publication number CN119282623A in the patent library also have arc-starting plates and arc-ending plates at both ends of the weld to prevent the formation of gaps at both ends of the weld. However, in this welding method, new arc-starting plates and arc-extinguishing plates need to be replaced for each welding, which wastes materials on the one hand and greatly reduces the welding production efficiency on the other hand. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, steel strip cutting;

[0008] The two steel strips to be welded are cut by a cutting device, which includes a positioning block, a pressing block and a cutting machine. Specifically:

[0009] S1.1. Place the steel strip to be welded next to the positioning block to fix it, and compact the steel strip with the pressing block;

[0010] S1.2, cutting the butt ends of two steel strips by a cutting machine;

[0011] S2, surface and burr cleaning;

[0012] Remove the steel strip from the cutting device and wipe the butt end faces of the two steel strips through the wiping device to clean the burrs and oxides generated on the butt end faces during cutting, so as to avoid misalignment or excessive welds during the butt joint process;

[0013] S3, assembly;

[0014] The cut ends of the two steel strips are butted and spliced ​​by a fixing device, wherein the fixing device includes a fixing mechanism and a positioning mechanism, and is used for fixing and positioning and aligning the steel strips respectively. Specifically:

[0015] The butt ends of the two steel strips are butted together by the fixing mechanism of the fixing device, and the butt ends of the two steel strips are aligned by the positioning mechanism of the fixing device;

[0016] S4, welding positioning;

[0017] The welding start point and end point are located by an auxiliary positioning unit, and the auxiliary positioning unit includes a central processor and a first sampling camera connected to the central processor. Specifically:

[0018] S4.1. Complete the acquisition of weld image information at the butt joint position of the two steel strips through the first sampling camera, and transmit the acquired image information to the central processing unit;

[0019] S4.2, the central processing unit determines the starting point and the ending point of welding according to the connecting line of the two end points of the weld;

[0020] S5, laser welding;

[0021] The laser welding device is used to complete the welding of the weld seam in a circular swinging manner according to the starting point and the ending point, and the swing radius is R;

[0022] The starting point and the ending point are both located on the weld and are arranged near the two ends of the weld, wherein the vertical distance between the starting point and the side edge of the steel strip near it, and the vertical distance between the ending point and the side edge of the steel strip near it, are both equal to the swing radius R. On this basis, a preset distance is reserved between the welding starting point and the ending point and the two ends of the weld, and this distance is compensated by circular swinging, thereby achieving full welding of the weld and avoiding gaps at the sharp corners of the steel strip at both ends of the weld. There is no need to perform secondary cutting of the steel strip after welding, or to set up arc starting plates and arc ending plates, which significantly improves welding production efficiency and reduces production costs.

[0023] In the laser welding method for stainless steel optical fiber strip as described above, in step S1, as a preferred embodiment, the cutting machine of the cutting device is a laser marking machine, and its cutting power is 135-150W, the number of processing is 30-40 times, the processing speed is 500mm / s, and the processing frequency is 33KHz, so as to ensure the smoothness of the butt end surface of the steel strip after cutting, thereby ensuring that the two steel strips can be more tightly butt-jointed.

[0024] In the above-mentioned stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method, in step S2, as a preferred embodiment, the wiping device uses a dust-free cloth to prevent damage to the structure of the butt end face during the wiping process.

[0025] In the above-mentioned stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method, in step S3, as a preferred embodiment, the gap between the butt ends of the two steel strips is required to be 0 to 0.02 mm, so as to ensure the firmness of the welding of the two steel strips.

[0026] As a further preference, the fixing mechanism is fixed in a suction cup manner, so as to ensure that the steel belt can be firmly fixed while preventing the fixing work of the fixing mechanism from damaging the structure of the steel belt.

[0027] In the above-mentioned stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method, in step S5, as a preferred embodiment, the value range of R is 0.2 to 0.7 mm. On the one hand, it prevents uneven heat distribution in the welding area caused by excessive swing amplitude, which in turn causes overheating of some areas and the generation of an excessively large molten pool. On the other hand, it prevents incomplete welding caused by the weld seam being unable to completely fuse to the root of the steel strip due to too small swing amplitude, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the two steel strips.

[0028] As a further preference, the oscillation welding speed of the laser welding device is 200-600 Hz. On the one hand, it prevents the oscillation frequency from being too small, which may lead to local overheating, excessive molten pool, and burning through of the steel strip; on the other hand, it prevents the oscillation frequency from being too large, which may lead to excessively dispersed welding heat distribution, insufficient heat input to the molten pool, and incomplete weld fusion and welding.

[0029] More preferably, the welding power of the laser welding device varies in the range of 80 to 180 W, the welding speed varies in the range of 20 to 60 mm / s, and the defocusing amount is -1 to +1 mm, so as to further ensure the welding firmness of the two steel strips.

[0030] In the laser welding method for stainless steel optical fiber strips as described above, in step S5, the laser welding device includes a welding machine, one side of which is also provided with a coaxial shielding gas mechanism capable of delivering shielding gas to the welding position, so as to ensure the welding quality of the weld position and further ensure the welding firmness of the two steel strips.

[0031] As a preferred implementation, in order to further ensure the effect of the protector and further ensure the welding quality of the two steel strips, the shielding gas is argon gas with a flow rate of 15 L / min.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is a stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method, which adopts a method of reserving a preset distance between the welding starting point and the end point and the two ends of the weld, and compensates for this distance through circular swing, thereby achieving full welding of the weld, avoiding the generation of gaps at the sharp corners of the steel strip at both ends of the weld, and eliminating the need for secondary cutting of the steel strip after welding, or setting up an arc starting plate and an arc ending plate, thereby significantly improving welding production efficiency and reducing production costs;

[0033] At the same time, laser welding can improve the welding speed of the steel strip and the cooling speed after welding, reduce the excessive deformation of the steel strip caused by welding, and reduce welding deformation and material waste due to the high precision and low heat input of laser welding, further reducing production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below, the scheme and advantages of the present application will become clear to those skilled in the art. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiment and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the attached picture:

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the butt joint structure of the steel strip in the embodiment (the arrow direction in the figure is the welding direction);

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the fixing device and the laser welding device in the embodiment;

[0038] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a positioning unit in an embodiment;

[0039] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an auxiliary positioning unit in an embodiment;

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of welding trajectory of the welding machine in the embodiment (the direction of arrow in the figure is welding direction);

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the state of the weld after welding is completed in the embodiment;

[0042] The components represented by the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0043] 1. Steel strip; 11. Welding seam; 12. Starting point; 13. Ending point; 2. Main frame; 3. Fixing device; 31. Fixing mechanism; 311. Rotating frame; 312. First three-axis positioning frame; 313. Positioning suction cup; 32. Positioning mechanism; 33. Auxiliary positioning unit; 331. Second three-axis positioning frame; 332. First sampling camera; 333. Plane light source; 334. Second sampling camera; 4. Laser welding device; 41. Third three-axis positioning frame; 42. Welding machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Example

[0046] This embodiment provides a laser welding method for stainless steel optical fiber steel strip 1, combined with Figure 1 , used for butt welding of two steel strips 1, the welding method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1, steel strip 1 cutting;

[0048] The two steel strips 1 to be welded are cut by a cutting device, wherein the cutting device comprises a positioning block, a pressing block and a cutting machine, wherein the positioning block and the pressing block are configured to position and fix the steel strip 1 at a cutting position, and the cutting machine is configured to complete the cutting work of the butt ends of the two steel strips 1. The specific structure of the cutting device is not redundantly elaborated and limited here. Based on the above-mentioned structure of the cutting device, step S1 is specifically as follows:

[0049] S1.1. Place the steel strip 1 to be welded next to the positioning block and fix it close to the positioning block. Compact the steel strip 1 with the pressing block to prevent deformation of the steel strip 1 during cutting.

[0050] S1.2, cutting the butt ends of the two steel strips 1 by a cutting machine;

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the cutting machine of the cutting device is preferably a laser marking machine, with a cutting power of 135-150W, a processing number of 30-40 times, a processing speed of 500mm / s, and a processing frequency of 33KHz, so as to ensure the smoothness of the butt end surface of the steel strip 1 after cutting, thereby ensuring that the two steel strips 1 can be more closely butt-jointed;

[0052] S2, surface and burr cleaning;

[0053] The steel strips 1 are removed from the cutting device, and the butted end faces of the two steel strips 1 are wiped by a wiping device to clean the burrs and oxides generated on the butted end faces during cutting, thereby avoiding misalignment or excessive weld seams 11 during the butt joint process;

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, the wiping device uses a dust-free cloth to prevent damage to the structure of the butt end surface during the wiping process;

[0055] S3, assembly;

[0056] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The cut ends of the two steel strips 1 are butted and spliced ​​by a fixing device 3, the fixing device 3 is arranged on the main frame 2, and includes two sets of fixing units arranged opposite to each other on the left and right sides, the fixing units include a fixing mechanism 31 and a positioning mechanism 32, and are respectively arranged to complete the fixing and positioning alignment of the steel strips 1. Based on the structure of the above fixing device 3, step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0057] The butt ends of the two steel strips 1 are butted together by the fixing mechanism 31 of the fixing device 3, and the butt ends of the two steel strips 1 are aligned by the positioning mechanism 32 of the fixing device 3;

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, the gap between the welds 11 at the butt ends of the two steel strips 1 is required to be 0 to 0.02 mm, so as to ensure the firmness of the welding of the two steel strips 1;

[0059] As a further preferred embodiment, the fixing mechanism 31 is fixed in a suction cup manner, so as to ensure that the steel strip 1 can be fixed firmly while preventing the fixing mechanism 31 from damaging the structure of the steel strip 1;

[0060] S4, welding positioning;

[0061] Combination Figure 4 , the welding starting point 12 and the end point 13 are positioned by the auxiliary positioning unit 33, the auxiliary positioning unit 33 includes a central processing unit (not shown) and a first sampling camera 332 connected to the central processing unit (not shown) and communicating with the central processing unit. Based on the structure of the positioning mechanism 32, step S4 is specifically as follows:

[0062] S4.1. Complete the acquisition of image information of the weld 11 at the butt joint of the two steel strips 1 by the first sampling camera 332, and transmit the acquired image information to the central processing unit;

[0063] S4.2, the central processing unit determines the starting point 12 and the ending point 13 of the welding according to the connecting line of the two end points of the weld 11;

[0064] S5, laser welding;

[0065] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the laser welding device 4 is used to complete the welding of the weld 11 in a circular swinging manner according to the starting point 12 and the ending point 13, and the swing radius is R;

[0066] The starting point 12 and the ending point 13 are both located on the weld 11 and are arranged near the two ends of the weld 11, wherein the vertical distance between the starting point 12 and the side of the steel strip 1 near it, and the vertical distance between the ending point 13 and the side of the steel strip 1 near it, are both equal to the swing radius R. On this basis, a preset distance is reserved between the welding starting point 12 and the ending point 13 and the two ends of the weld 11, and this distance is compensated by circular swinging, thereby achieving full welding of the weld 11, avoiding notches at the sharp corners of the steel strip 1 at both ends of the weld 11, and eliminating the need for secondary cutting of the steel strip 1 after welding, or setting up arc starting plates and arc ending plates, which significantly improves welding production efficiency and reduces production costs;

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the value range of R is 0.2-0.7 mm, which can prevent uneven heat distribution in the welding area caused by excessive swing amplitude, thereby causing overheating of some areas and generating an excessively large molten pool. On the other hand, it can prevent incomplete welding caused by the weld 11 not being completely fused to the root of the steel strip 1 due to too small swing amplitude, thereby ensuring the welding quality of the two steel strips 1.

[0068] As a further preferred embodiment, the swing welding speed of the laser welding device 4 is 200-600 Hz, which can prevent the swing frequency from being too small, resulting in local overheating, the molten pool becoming too large, and the steel strip 1 being burned through, and can also prevent the swing frequency from being too large, resulting in excessively dispersed welding heat distribution, insufficient heat input to the molten pool, and incomplete welding of the weld 11;

[0069] More preferably, the welding power of the laser welding device 4 varies in the range of 80 to 180 W, the welding speed varies in the range of 20 to 60 mm / s, and the defocusing amount is -1 to +1 mm, so as to further ensure the welding firmness of the two steel strips 1.

[0070] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the welding effect, in step S3, the main frame 2 also includes a top frame on the upper side of the bottom frame, and the auxiliary positioning unit 33 is arranged on the top frame and is configured to assist in the reference positioning of the steel strip 1.

[0071] Specifically, the fixing mechanism 31 includes a rotating frame 311 and a first three-axis positioning frame 312 on its upper side which can be driven by the rotating frame 311 to rotate around a vertical axis. A suction cup is provided on the upper side of the first three-axis positioning frame 312. The positioning mechanism 32 includes a positioning base block, which is arranged on the upper part of the first three-axis positioning frame 312 and is located on one side of the suction cup. By having the steel belt 1 close to the positioning base block and through the positioning suction cup 313, the suction cup fixing work of the steel belt 1 can be completed. Through the action of the rotating frame 311 and the first three-axis positioning frame 312, the steel belt 1 can be driven to complete the adjustment of the angle and the position in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions.

[0072] Furthermore, the auxiliary positioning unit 33 also includes a second three-axis positioning frame 331 arranged on the lower side of the top frame, the first sampling camera 332 is located on the lower side of the second three-axis positioning frame 331 and the shooting direction is downward, and through the movement of the second three-axis positioning frame 331, the sampling camera can be driven to complete the position adjustment work in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions. The lower side of the second three-axis positioning frame 331 is also vertically provided with a vertical rod, and one side of the lower end of the vertical rod is horizontally provided with a plane light source 333 with an irradiation direction upward, and the first sampling camera 332 is arranged to be directly opposite to the plane light source 333.

[0073] Furthermore, a second sampling camera 334 with a horizontal shooting direction and communicatively connected to the central processing unit is provided on one side of the vertical board.

[0074] Based on the structure of the auxiliary positioning unit 33, step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0075] S3.1. Place the steel strip 1 flat on the positioning suction cup 313 and make it close to the positioning base block, then fix the steel strip 1 through the positioning suction cup 313 to pre-align the butt end faces of the two steel strips 1;

[0076] S3.2, vertical positioning;

[0077] The vertical positioning of the two steel strips 1 is completed by the cooperation of the second sampling camera 334 and the fixing mechanism 31. Specifically:

[0078] S3.2.1. Drive the second sampling camera 334 to a collection height through the second three-axis positioning frame 331;

[0079] S3.2.2, the second sampling camera 334 collects image information of the butt ends of the two steel strips 1 and transmits it to the central processor;

[0080] S3.2.3, the central processing unit determines the vertical staggered distance of the two steel strips 1 according to the height positions of the two steel strips 1, and cooperates with the action of the fixing mechanism 31 to complete the adjustment of the vertical positions of the two steel strips 1;

[0081] S3.3, horizontal positioning;

[0082] The horizontal positioning of the two steel strips 1 is completed by the cooperation of the first sampling camera 332 and the fixing mechanism 31. Specifically:

[0083] S3.3.1. The first sampling camera 332 is driven to move above the butt ends of the two steel strips 1 by the second three-axis positioning frame 331, and the plane light source 333 is started;

[0084] S3.3.2, the first sampling camera 332 collects image information of the butt ends of the two steel strips 1 and transmits it to the central processor;

[0085] S3.3.3, the central processing unit determines the horizontal staggered distance of the two steel strips 1 according to the horizontal position of the butt ends of the two steel strips 1, and determines the width of the weld 1 according to the light gap width, and finally coordinates the action of the fixing mechanism 31 to complete the adjustment of the horizontal position of the two steel strips 1;

[0086] At the same time, the central processing unit determines the burr treatment status of the butt ends of the two steel strips 1 according to the clarity of the light gap. If there are still burrs at the butt ends of the two steel strips 1, step S3.4 is executed; if there are no burrs, step S3.5 is directly executed;

[0087] S3.4, secondary treatment of burrs;

[0088] The laser welding device 4 in the previous step S5 includes a third three-axis positioning frame 41 and a welding machine 42 at its lower side. The welding machine 42 is configured to be able to adjust the position in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions under the drive of the third three-axis positioning frame 41, and then complete the welding through the welding machine 42, or perform secondary processing of burrs, specifically:

[0089] S3.4.1. The third three-axis positioning frame 41 drives the welding machine 42 to move above the butt ends of the two steel strips 1;

[0090] S3.4.2, driving the movement of the welding machine 42 by the third three-axis positioning frame 41, so that the welding machine 42 completes the softening treatment of the burrs at the butt end of the steel strip 1 at a preset power (lower than the welding power, preferably 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the welding power);

[0091] It should be noted that when the welding machine 42 performs the softening treatment of the burrs, a scanning method of local scanning combined with variable speed scanning is adopted. The scanning position and scanning speed are automatically adjusted according to the burr position and density displayed by the light gap image. The scanning speed is negatively correlated with the density of the burrs, that is, the more dense the burrs are, the slower the scanning speed of the welding machine 42 is. On the one hand, the secondary processing speed of the burrs is ensured, and on the other hand, excessive scanning of the welding machine 42 is prevented from damaging the structure of the butt end of the steel strip 1;

[0092] S3.5. The butt-jointed end surfaces of the two steel strips 1 are aligned through the actions of the positioning mechanism 32 and the fixing mechanism 31.

[0093] In this embodiment, in step S5, a coaxial shielding gas mechanism (not shown) capable of delivering shielding gas to the welding position is further provided on one side of the welding machine 42, so as to ensure the welding quality at the weld 11 position, and further ensure the welding firmness of the two steel strips 1.

[0094] As a preferred implementation, in order to further ensure the effect of the protector and further ensure the welding quality of the two steel strips 1, the shielding gas is argon gas, and the flow rate is 15 L / min.

Claims

1. A stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, steel strip cutting; Cut the two steel strips to be welded by using a cutting device; S2, surface and burr cleaning; The steel strips are removed from the cutting device, and the butted end surfaces of the two steel strips are wiped by the wiping device; S3, assembly; The butt ends of the two steel strips are butted and laid together by a fixing device. Specifically: The butt ends of the two steel strips are butted together by the fixing mechanism of the fixing device, and the butt ends of the two steel strips are aligned by the positioning mechanism of the fixing device; S4, welding positioning; The welding start point and end point are located by an auxiliary positioning unit, and the auxiliary positioning unit includes a central processor and a first sampling camera connected to the central processor. Specifically: S4.

1. Complete the acquisition of weld image information at the butt joint position of the two steel strips through the first sampling camera, and transmit the acquired image information to the central processing unit; S4.2, the central processing unit determines the starting point and the ending point of welding according to the connecting line of the two end points of the weld; S5, laser welding; The laser welding device is used to complete the welding of the weld seam in a circular swinging manner according to the starting point and the ending point, and the swing radius is R; The starting point and the ending point are both located on the weld and are arranged near both ends of the weld, wherein the vertical distance between the starting point and the side edge of the steel strip near it, and the vertical distance between the ending point and the side edge of the steel strip near it are both L, and satisfy L=R.

2. A stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the cutting device includes a laser marking machine, the cutting power of which is 135-150W, the number of processing is 30-40 times, the processing speed is 500mm / s, and the processing frequency is 33KHz.

3. A stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the wiping device is a dust-free cloth.

4. A stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the gap between the welds at the butt ends of the two steel strips is required to be 0 to 0.02 mm.

5. The stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the fixing mechanism is fixed in a suction cup manner.

6. A stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the value range of R is 0.2-0.7 mm.

7. The stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the swing welding speed of the laser welding device is 200-600 Hz.

8. The stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the welding power of the laser welding device varies in the range of 80 to 180 W, the welding speed varies in the range of 20 to 60 mm / s, and the defocus is -1 to +1 mm.

9. The stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the laser welding device includes a welding machine, one side of which is also provided with a coaxial shielding gas mechanism capable of delivering shielding gas to the welding position.

10. A stainless steel optical fiber steel strip laser welding method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S5, the protective gas is argon gas, and the flow rate is 15 L / min.

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