Aluminum plate laser cutting device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to an aluminum plate laser cutting device which comprises a supporting mechanism and a laser cutting mechanism, the supporting mechanism comprises multiple sets of supporting plates used for supporting an aluminum plate, and the area of the ends, making contact with the aluminum plate, of the supporting plates is smaller than that of the ends, away from the aluminum plate, of the supporting plates; the laser cutting mechanism is located above the aluminum plate and used for cutting the aluminum plate; the gas injection mechanism is arranged on the laser cutting mechanism and used for outputting compressed gas flow to the cutting position; and the removing mechanism comprises a supporting base arranged below the aluminum plate in a sliding mode, a scraper arranged on the supporting base and a moving assembly used for driving the supporting base to move, and the scraper is used for removing slag at the cutting position of the aluminum plate. The aluminum plate machining device has the effect of reducing the influence on aluminum plate machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting, and in particular to an aluminum plate laser cutting device. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the increasing demand for high-precision processing in modern industry, aluminum plates are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic equipment and other fields due to their light weight, corrosion resistance and good thermal conductivity. However, traditional aluminum plate cutting methods such as mechanical cutting and plasma cutting often have problems such as rough cutting edges, large heat-affected zones, and material waste. In recent years, laser cutting technology has developed rapidly due to its high precision, low heat input and strong flexibility, and has been widely used in aluminum plate cutting.

[0003] In the prior art, when cutting aluminum plates, laser energy causes partial melting of the aluminum to form slag in the form of particles or flakes, which adheres to the cutting edge or the surface of the equipment and may cause burrs on the cutting surface. Generally, auxiliary gas (such as nitrogen, oxygen or compressed air) is used to blow the molten aluminum away from the incision. However, the blown slag easily forms an outward-turned solidified slag point on the other side of the aluminum plate, which requires additional treatment and affects the processing of the aluminum plate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to reduce the impact on aluminum plate processing, the present application provides an aluminum plate laser cutting device.

[0005] The present application provides an aluminum plate laser cutting device, which adopts the following technical solution: An aluminum plate laser cutting device, comprising: The supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of supporting plates for supporting the aluminum plate, wherein the area of ​​one end of the supporting plate in contact with the aluminum plate is smaller than the area of ​​one end away from the aluminum plate; The laser cutting mechanism is located above the aluminum plate and is used to cut the aluminum plate; A gas injection mechanism, disposed on the laser cutting mechanism, for outputting a compressed gas flow to the cutting position; The cleaning mechanism comprises a support seat slidably arranged under the aluminum plate, a scraper arranged on the support seat, and a moving component used to drive the support seat to move, wherein the scraper is used to remove slag at the cutting position of the aluminum plate.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the aluminum plate is placed on the small-area contact end of the support plate, and then cut by a laser cutting mechanism, and the gas injection mechanism simultaneously blows away the slag. After the cutting is completed, the moving component drives the support seat to move, so that the scraper moves and scrapes away the residual slag; through the setting of the support plate, the heat conduction path is reduced, and at the same time, the damage to the platform caused by laser cutting can be reduced. Compared with the existing technology that only relies on gas blowing, physical removal by a mechanical scraper is combined with the thermal isolation design of the support plate to reduce the slag residual rate. At the same time, through the setting of the scraper, the aluminum plate that has just been cut can be scraped immediately, which reduces the difficulty of scraping off the slag, and can reduce the surface marks of the aluminum plate, thereby improving the impact on the processing of the aluminum plate.

[0007] Optionally, the scraper is provided with a vibration component for applying 10-50 Hz high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration to the scraper.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the scraper moves, the vibration component generates high-frequency micro-vibration, causing the blade to produce longitudinal fluctuations; the vibration forms a dynamic shear force between the scraper and the slag, which reduces the cleaning resistance and reduces the scratches on the surface of the aluminum plate compared to traditional rigid scraping; at the same time, it can reduce the adhesion of slag to the scraper surface, reduce the scratching of the aluminum plate by the adhered slag, and further reduce the impact on the processing of the aluminum plate.

[0009] Optionally, the cleaning mechanism further comprises: A negative pressure block is arranged on the support seat, a negative pressure space is opened on the negative pressure block, the negative pressure space is arranged around the cutting position, and the scraper is arranged in the negative pressure space; A collecting bin, connected to the negative pressure space, for collecting fallen slag and cutting waste; The negative pressure component is used to provide negative pressure to the negative pressure space.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the negative pressure block moves synchronously with the scraper, a local vacuum is formed in the negative pressure space, the scraped slag is sucked into the collection bin, and the negative pressure component maintains a constant vacuum degree; the traditional open collection leads to aluminum powder diffusion pollution, and the closed negative pressure collection of this scheme improves slag recovery, reduces dust concentration in the working environment, and improves environmental safety; and through the set negative pressure space, the special blowing gas can be recovered, reducing the consumption rate of special gas, thereby reducing resource waste.

[0011] Optionally, a steel brush is provided on the negative pressure block, and the steel brush is arranged around the negative pressure space to support the aluminum plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the steel brush forms a semi-closed adsorption space while supporting the aluminum plate. On the one hand, it can apply force to the aluminum plate through vacuum adsorption. Combined with the support of the steel brush, it can reduce the deformation of the aluminum plate. On the other hand, it can reduce the splashing of aluminum slag, aluminum powder or molten slag and improve the collection effect.

[0013] Optionally, the scraper blade is made of tungsten carbide, the angle between the blade edge and the surface of the aluminum plate is 15°-30°, and the scraper has a built-in heating element.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the heating element heats the scraper to 180-220°C, softens the slag bonding layer, reduces the probability of hard scraping, reduces scraping resistance, thereby reducing damage to the aluminum plate and making the surface of the aluminum plate cleaner.

[0015] Optionally, a blowing assembly is further provided on the negative pressure block, and the blowing assembly is located in the negative pressure space. The blowing direction of the blowing assembly forms an angle with the movement direction of the scraper, and the blowing assembly is located in front of the movement direction of the scraper.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the blowing assembly blows air flow toward the front side at an angle of 30-45° to form a slag pre-separation zone. Compared with one-way scraping, it can improve the slag removal rate, reduce the obstruction of the scraper to the movement of the scraper, reduce the accumulation of slag at the scraper, and thus reduce the possibility of scratching damage to the aluminum plate.

[0017] Optionally, a fixing mechanism is further included, wherein the fixing mechanism includes two adsorption blocks respectively located on both sides of the scraper movement direction, and the adsorption blocks are provided with adsorption holes, and the adsorption holes are connected to the negative pressure component.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the adsorption block adsorbs and fixes the aluminum plate through the negative pressure hole, so that the aluminum plate fits onto the support plate, reducing the deformation caused by the winding of the aluminum plate itself, thereby improving the cutting accuracy, and preventing the displacement caused by the cutting vibration, while reducing the possibility of the scraper moving and scraping, causing the aluminum plate to move; compared with mechanical clamping, the fixing response time is shortened, and at the same time, the generation of clamping marks can be avoided, reducing the impact on the processing of the aluminum plate.

[0019] Optionally, the fixing mechanism further includes a fixing seat and a lifting frame, the fixing seat is located below the aluminum plate, the lifting frame slides on the fixing seat in a vertical direction, the supporting seat is arranged on the lifting frame, and the adsorption block is arranged on the lifting frame.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the lifting frame adjusts the height of the support seat according to the thickness of the aluminum plate, maintains a constant pressure between the scraper and the plate surface, improves the applicability of the equipment, and can also be used for the movement of the aluminum plate driven by the conveyor belt, reducing the impact on the transportation of the aluminum plate.

[0021] Optionally, the fixing mechanism further includes a base and an adjusting component, the base is arranged on the supporting mechanism, the fixing seat slides on the base, and the adjusting component is arranged on the base and is used to drive the fixing seat to slide.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjustment component drives the fixed seat to move horizontally to match different cutting paths; compared with manual positioning, the processing efficiency of multiple holes is improved, further improving applicability.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The support plate is set to reduce the heat conduction path and the damage to the platform caused by laser cutting. Compared with the existing technology that only relies on gas purging, the mechanical scraper is used for physical removal. Combined with the support plate thermal isolation design, the slag residue rate is reduced. At the same time, the scraper is set to scrape the aluminum plate that has just been cut, which reduces the difficulty of scraping the slag, reduces the surface marks of the aluminum plate, and improves the impact on the processing of the aluminum plate; 2. The negative pressure block moves synchronously with the scraper, and a local vacuum is formed in the negative pressure space. The scraped slag is sucked into the collection bin, and the negative pressure component maintains a constant vacuum degree. The traditional open collection leads to the diffusion and pollution of aluminum powder. The closed negative pressure collection of this solution improves the recovery of slag, reduces the dust concentration in the working environment, and improves environmental safety. In addition, the special blowing gas can be recovered through the set negative pressure space, reducing the consumption rate of special gas, thereby reducing resource waste. 3. The lifting frame adjusts the height of the support seat according to the thickness of the aluminum plate, maintains a constant pressure between the scraper and the plate surface, improves the applicability of the equipment, and can also be used for the conveyor belt to drive the movement of the aluminum plate, reducing the impact on the transportation of the aluminum plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a flow chart of Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2 of the present application; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of area A in the middle.

[0025] Reference numerals: 100, support mechanism; 110, support plate; 120, platform structure; 130, conveying shaft; 200, laser cutting mechanism; 210, laser cutting head; 220, fixed frame; 230, gantry; 240, transverse movement assembly; 250, longitudinal movement assembly; 300, gas injection mechanism; 400, cleaning mechanism; 410, support seat; 420, scraper; 430, moving assembly; 440, negative pressure block; 441. Negative pressure space; 450. Collection bin; 460. Negative pressure assembly; 470. Steel brush; 480. Blowing assembly; 490. Lifting electric cylinder; 500. Fixing mechanism; 510. Adsorption block; 511. Adsorption hole; 520. Fixing seat; 530. Lifting frame; 540. Base; 550. Adjustment assembly; 551. Servo motor; 552. Nut; 553. Screw; 560. Guide rail; 570. Electric cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following combination Figures 1 to 3 This application is described in further detail.

[0027] This embodiment discloses an aluminum plate laser cutting device.

[0028] The aluminum plate laser cutting device of the present invention solves the problem of slag residue when laser cutting aluminum plates through the synergistic effect of mechanical scraping and negative pressure adsorption. Figure 1 As shown, the device mainly includes the following modules: a supporting mechanism 100: used to stably support the aluminum plate and reduce the influence of heat conduction on the processing platform; a laser cutting mechanism 200: located above the aluminum plate, performing high-precision cutting; a gas injection mechanism 300: integrated in the laser cutting mechanism 200, providing a directional compressed airflow to blow away the slag; a cleaning mechanism 400: arranged under the aluminum plate, including a scraper 420, a negative pressure adsorption and collection system, to remove the slag in real time; a fixing mechanism 500: through negative pressure adsorption and lifting adjustment, the positioning accuracy of the aluminum plate is ensured; each module is linked through the control system to realize the automation of the entire process of cutting-cleaning-collecting.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, the support mechanism 100 can be a platform structure 120 or a conveyor belt. In this embodiment, the platform structure 120 is selected, and a workspace is opened. A plurality of crossbars are fixedly connected in the workspace, and the plurality of crossbars are arranged at intervals to form a space for the movement of the cleaning mechanism 400. A plurality of independent support plates 110 are fixedly connected to each crossbar. In other embodiments, the plurality of support plates 110 are formed into an integral structure by integral molding. The area of ​​each support plate 110 close to the end of the aluminum plate is smaller than the area away from the end of the aluminum plate. The support plate 110 can be a trapezoid, a cone, a triangle, a triangular prism, etc. In this embodiment, a triangular structure is preferably used. The upper end surface in contact with the aluminum plate is rounded, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of support plates 110 is arranged along the cutting direction of the aluminum plate. In order to facilitate the movement of the aluminum plate, a conveying shaft 130 can be rotatably arranged between two adjacent crossbars. The conveying shaft 130 is tangent to the plane formed by the support plate 110, and the conveying shaft 130 is rotated by a motor belt drive.

[0030] The small contact area reduces the heat conduction path to prevent the heat from laser cutting from damaging the platform; the inverted cone design enhances the support stability and avoids the bending and deformation of the aluminum plate.

[0031] The laser cutting mechanism 200 includes a fixed frame 220, a gantry 230, a transverse movement assembly 240, a laser cutting head 210 and a longitudinal movement assembly 250. The fixed frame 220 is arranged on the support mechanism 100. The gantry 230 slides on the fixed frame 220 through the transverse movement assembly 240 and is located above the support mechanism 100. The laser cutting head 210 slides on the gantry 230 through the longitudinal movement assembly 250. The transverse movement assembly 240 and the longitudinal movement assembly 250 use a motor ball screw structure or a linear motor module. The present embodiment preferably uses a motor ball screw structure. The output power range of the laser cutting head 210 is 500-4000W (wavelength 1064nm).

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the gas injection mechanism 300 includes a nozzle and a gas source. A plurality of nozzles are arranged and nested on the periphery of the laser cutting head 210 and are evenly arranged. The inner diameter of the nozzle is 1.5 mm. The gas source is arranged on the outside and connected to the nozzle through a hose, and a solenoid valve for controlling the on and off of the gas is arranged between the gas source and the nozzle. The gas parameters include: nitrogen pressure 15-30 bar (adjusted according to the thickness of the aluminum plate), flow rate 30-80 L / min. During cutting, the laser beam and the airflow act synchronously on the surface of the aluminum plate, and the slag is blown to the cleaning mechanism 400 below.

[0033] The fixing mechanism 500 includes a base 540, an adjustment component 550, a fixing seat 520, a lifting frame 530 and an adsorption block 510. The base 540 is arranged below the supporting mechanism 100 and on the inner side of the conveyor belt. The fixing seat 520 slides along the movement direction of the conveyor belt; the adjustment component 550 is arranged on the base 540 and connected to the fixing seat 520 to drive the fixing seat 520 to slide. The adjustment component 550 includes a servo motor 551, a screw rod 553 and a nut 552. The servo motor 551 is fixedly connected to the base 540, the screw rod 553 is rotatably connected to the base 540, and is threadedly connected with a nut 552, and the nut 552 is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 520; the fixing seat 520 is provided with two sets of guide rails 560, and the guide rails 560 are vertically connected to the fixing seat 520. It is vertically arranged, two groups of lifting frames 530 are arranged, and they correspond to two groups of guide rails 560 respectively, and the lifting frames 530 are slidably connected to the guide rails 560, the lifting stroke is 0-100mm, and the positioning accuracy is ±0.01mm; two groups of electric push cylinders 570 are fixedly connected to the fixed seat 520, the two groups of electric push cylinders 570 correspond to the two groups of lifting frames 530 respectively, and the piston rods of the electric push cylinders 570 are detachably connected to the lifting frames 530 by bolts; two adsorption blocks 510 are arranged, and they are fixedly connected to one end of the lifting frame 530 away from the fixed seat 520, the two adsorption blocks 510 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cutting seam of the aluminum plate, and each adsorption block 510 has an adsorption hole 511 with a diameter of 1mm on the surface, the hole spacing is 5mm, and it is connected to the negative pressure source of the cleaning mechanism 400 through a hose.

[0034] In order to further reduce scratches on the aluminum plate, a rubber contact layer is provided on the contact surface between the adsorption block 510 and the aluminum plate.

[0035] The cleaning mechanism 400 includes the following components: a lifting electric push cylinder 490, a support seat 410, a negative pressure block 440, a collection bin 450, a negative pressure assembly 460, a scraper 420, a moving assembly 430, a vibration assembly and a heating element. The support seat 410 is slidably arranged on the fixed seat 520 and is located between the two lifting frames 530; the moving assembly 430 is arranged on the fixed seat 520 and connected to the support seat 410, and is used to drive the support seat 410 to slide. The structure of the moving assembly 430 can be selected from a motor screw, a motor gear rack, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric The linear motion structure such as the push rod, in this embodiment, is preferably a motor screw structure with the same structure as the adjustment component 550, and a lifting electric push cylinder 490 is fixedly connected between the support seat 410 and the fixed seat 520, and the piston rod of the lifting electric push cylinder 490 is connected to the support seat 410, and is used to drive the support seat 410 to rise or fall; the negative pressure block 440 slides on the support block, and the sliding direction is parallel to the length direction of the adsorption block 510; the negative pressure block 440 has an annular structure to form a negative pressure space 441, the inner diameter of which is 2mm wider than the cutting seam and the outer diameter is 50mm. An annular steel brush 470 is provided on the top of the negative pressure block 440, with bristles of 0.3 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length, which are arranged radially; a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the scraper 420, and a waist-shaped hole is provided on the mounting plate. The scraper 420 is fixedly connected to the negative pressure block 440 by bolts passing through the waist-shaped hole. The scraper 420 is located in the middle of the negative pressure block 440, evenly dividing the negative pressure space 441. The blade of the scraper 420 is made of tungsten carbide cemented carbide (hardness ≥ 90HRA), and the angle between the blade and the surface of the aluminum plate is set to 25° (adjustable range 15°-30°).

[0036] In other embodiments, the support seat 410 can be directly set on the lifting frame 530 to reduce the installation of the lifting electric cylinder 490.

[0037] The vibration component is integrated on the mounting plate of the scraper 420 and contacts the scraper 420 . It adopts a piezoelectric ceramic driver with a vibration frequency of 30 Hz and an amplitude of 0.1 mm. The vibration direction forms an angle of 45° with the travel direction of the scraper 420 .

[0038] The heating element is embedded inside the blade, and the blade temperature is maintained at 200℃±5℃ through PID temperature control; the collecting bin 450 is arranged below the negative pressure block 440, connected to the negative pressure space 441, and a partition net is arranged at the bottom, the collecting bin 450 is connected to the negative pressure component 460 through a hose, the adsorption hole 511 of the adsorption block 510 is connected to the negative pressure component 460 through a hose, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged to control the opening and closing; the negative pressure component 460 can be a negative pressure fan, a negative pressure pump or a vacuum pump, which can be selected according to actual needs. The present embodiment preferably uses a negative pressure fan.

[0039] A blowing assembly 480 is provided on the negative pressure block 440. The blowing assembly 480 is located in the negative pressure space 441 and includes 4 micro air nozzles inclined at 30°, with an air flow speed of 20m / s, and a direction pointing in front of the scraper 420. The micro air nozzles are connected to the air outlet of the negative pressure fan through a hose.

[0040] The aluminum plate is sent to the top of the gantry 230 by the conveyor belt, and the adjustment component 550 drives the fixed seat 520 to move, so that the adsorption block 510 moves to one side of the cutting position, and then the electric push cylinder 570 drives the lifting frame 530 to rise. The lifting frame 530 adjusts the pressure of the scraper 420 according to the thickness of the plate (adjustable 50-200N), and the adsorption block 510 fixes the aluminum plate with negative pressure; the laser cutting head 210 cuts according to the preset path, and the coaxial nitrogen blows the slag to the negative pressure space 441 below; the scraper 420 moves along the cutting seam under heating and vibration to peel off the residual slag; the blowing component 480 pre-blows the slag, and the negative pressure adsorption sucks it into the collection bin 450; the steel brush 470 supports the aluminum plate and limits the slag splashing, and the steel brush 470 prevents the aluminum plate from deformation.

[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An aluminum plate laser cutting device, characterized in that: include: A support mechanism (100) comprising a plurality of groups of support plates (110) for supporting the aluminum plate, wherein the area of ​​one end of the support plate (110) in contact with the aluminum plate is smaller than the area of ​​one end away from the aluminum plate; A laser cutting mechanism (200), located above the aluminum plate, is used to cut the aluminum plate; A gas injection mechanism (300) is arranged on the laser cutting mechanism (200) and is used to output a compressed gas flow to the cutting position; The cleaning mechanism (400) comprises a support seat (410) slidably disposed below the aluminum plate, a scraper (420) disposed on the support seat (410), and a moving component (430) used to drive the support seat (410) to move, wherein the scraper (420) is used to remove slag at a cutting position of the aluminum plate.

2. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper (420) is provided with a vibration component, which is used to apply 10-50 Hz high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration to the scraper (420).

3. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (400) further comprises: A negative pressure block (440) is arranged on the support seat (410), a negative pressure space (441) is opened on the negative pressure block (440), the negative pressure space (441) is arranged around the cutting position, and the scraper (420) is arranged in the negative pressure space (441); A collecting bin (450), which is in communication with the negative pressure space (441) and is used to collect fallen slag and cutting waste; The negative pressure component (460) is used to provide negative pressure to the negative pressure space (441).

4. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A steel brush (470) is provided on the negative pressure block (440); the steel brush (470) is arranged around the negative pressure space (441) and is used to support the aluminum plate.

5. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The blade of the scraper (420) is made of tungsten carbide hard alloy, the angle between the blade edge and the surface of the aluminum plate is 15°-30°, and the scraper (420) has a built-in heating element.

6. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The negative pressure block (440) is also provided with a blowing assembly (480), the blowing assembly (480) being located in the negative pressure space (441), the blowing direction of the blowing assembly (480) being at an angle to the moving direction of the scraper (420), and being located in front of the moving direction of the scraper (420).

7. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a fixing mechanism (500), the fixing mechanism (500) comprising two adsorption blocks (510) respectively located on both sides of the movement direction of the scraper (420), the adsorption blocks (510) being provided with adsorption holes (511), the adsorption holes (511) being in communication with the negative pressure assembly (460).

8. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (500) further comprises a fixing seat (520) and a lifting frame (530), wherein the fixing seat (520) is located below the aluminum plate, the lifting frame (530) slides on the fixing seat (520) in a vertical direction, the supporting seat (410) is arranged on the lifting frame (530), and the adsorption block (510) is arranged on the lifting frame (530).

9. The aluminum plate laser cutting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (500) further comprises a base (540) and an adjustment component (550); the base (540) is arranged on the supporting mechanism (100); the fixing seat (520) slides on the base (540); and the adjustment component (550) is arranged on the base (540) and is used to drive the fixing seat (520) to slide.

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