Basalt fiber CFRT skin plate as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of skin plates. The basalt fiber CFRT skin plate provided by the invention comprises a non-woven fabric and basalt fiber CFRT arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric, the basalt fiber CFRT comprises a resin matrix and basalt fibers. Compared with the traditional glass fiber CFRT, the basalt fiber CFRT adopted by the invention has the advantages of better mechanical property, light weight and longer service life. The result of the embodiment shows that the tensile strength of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate is larger than or equal to 1100 MPa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of skin panels, and in particular relates to a basalt fiber CFRT skin panel and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] CFRT skin plate is an advanced composite material plate, which is mainly composed of continuous fiber as the reinforcement phase and thermoplastic resin as the matrix phase. This structure makes CFRT skin plate have excellent mechanical properties. The commonly used reinforcement fiber in the prior art is mainly glass fiber. However, the mechanical properties of CFRT skin plate prepared with glass fiber as the reinforcement phase still need to be further improved, and it is heavy and has a short service life, which limits its application.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a CFRT skin panel with better mechanical properties, lighter weight and longer service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate and a preparation method and application thereof. The basalt fiber CFRT skin plate provided by the present invention has better mechanical properties, light weight and longer service life.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate, comprising a non-woven fabric and a basalt fiber CFRT arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric; the basalt fiber CFRT comprises a resin matrix and basalt fibers.

[0006] Preferably, the resin matrix in the basalt fiber CFRT includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate and polyetheretherketone.

[0007] Preferably, the mass content of basalt fiber in the basalt fiber CFRT is ≥ 65%.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: (1) Pre-impregnating basalt fiber direct yarn with resin matrix and then drawing it to obtain CFRT unidirectional tape; (2) Laying up multiple layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape obtained in step (1) to obtain a multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape; (3) The non-woven fabric, the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape obtained in step (2), the surface film and the protective film are sequentially laminated and hot-pressed to obtain a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate.

[0009] Preferably, in the step (1), the linear density of the basalt fiber direct yarn is 1100-1300 TEX, and the diameter of the basalt fiber monofilament in the basalt fiber direct yarn is 9-13 μm.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the CFRT unidirectional tape in step (1) is 0.2-0.3 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the number of layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape in step (2) is ≥5.

[0012] Preferably, in the step (2), the directions of two adjacent layers of CFRT unidirectional tapes in the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape differ by 40 to 50 degrees.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature of hot pressing in step (3) is 180-190°C.

[0014] The present invention also provides the application of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate described in the above technical solution or the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate prepared according to the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the fields of automobile, machinery manufacturing, electronic appliances, chemical industry, aerospace communications and construction.

[0015] The present invention provides a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate, comprising a non-woven fabric and a basalt fiber CFRT arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric; the basalt fiber CFRT comprises a resin matrix and basalt fibers. The present invention adopts basalt fiber CFRT, which has better mechanical properties, light weight and longer service life than traditional glass fiber CFRT. The results of the embodiment show that the tensile strength of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate provided by the present invention is ≥1100MPa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the laying of 5 layers of CFRT unidirectional tapes in step (2) of Example 1; Figure 2 A physical picture of the CFRT unidirectional tape in step (1) of Example 1; Figure 3 This is a physical picture of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate prepared in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention provides a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate, comprising a non-woven fabric and a basalt fiber CFRT arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric; the basalt fiber CFRT comprises a resin matrix and basalt fibers.

[0018] The basalt fiber CFRT skin plate provided by the present invention comprises non-woven fabric.

[0019] In the present invention, the non-woven fabric is preferably a single-layer basalt fiber non-woven fabric. The present invention has no special limitation on the thickness of the non-woven fabric, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0020] The basalt fiber CFRT skin plate provided by the present invention further comprises a basalt fiber CFRT arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric.

[0021] In the present invention, the basalt fiber CFRT includes a resin matrix and basalt fibers.

[0022] In the present invention, the resin matrix preferably includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate and polyetheretherketone, and more preferably polyetheretherketone. Polyetheretherketone has excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, self-lubrication, high mechanical strength, good dimensional stability, corrosion resistance, friction resistance, radiation resistance, and peeling resistance, thereby improving various properties of the skin panel.

[0023] In the present invention, the mass content of basalt fiber in the basalt fiber CFRT is preferably ≥ 65%. In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of basalt fiber in the basalt fiber CFRT may be specifically 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%. The present invention controls the mass content of basalt fiber in the basalt fiber CFRT within the above range, which can further improve the mechanical properties of the skin panel and increase its service life.

[0024] The present invention adopts basalt fiber CFRT, which has better mechanical properties, light weight and longer service life than traditional glass fiber CFRT.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps: (1) Pre-impregnating basalt fiber direct yarn with resin matrix and then drawing it to obtain CFRT unidirectional tape; (2) Laying up multiple layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape obtained in step (1) to obtain a multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape; (3) The non-woven fabric, the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape obtained in step (2), the surface film and the protective film are sequentially laminated and hot-pressed to obtain a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate.

[0026] The present invention adopts a resin matrix to pre-impregnate basalt fiber direct yarn, and then draws it to obtain a CFRT unidirectional tape.

[0027] In the present invention, the basalt fiber direct yarn is preferably a basalt continuous fiber direct yarn; the linear density of the basalt fiber direct yarn is preferably 1100-1300 TEX, more preferably 1200 TEX; the diameter of the basalt fiber monofilament in the basalt fiber direct yarn is preferably 9-13 μm, more preferably 11 μm. In the present invention, the basalt fiber direct yarn is not ply-coated. In the present invention, the yarn barrel diameter of the basalt fiber direct yarn is preferably 150-170 mm, more preferably 160 mm; the yarn withdrawal form of the basalt fiber direct yarn is preferably external withdrawal; the weight of the basalt fiber direct yarn is preferably 10-20 kg / barrel, more preferably 16 kg / barrel.

[0028] In the present invention, the resin matrix preferably includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate and polyetheretherketone, and more preferably polyetheretherketone. Polyetheretherketone has excellent properties such as high temperature resistance, self-lubrication, high mechanical strength, good dimensional stability, corrosion resistance, friction resistance, radiation resistance, and peeling resistance, thereby improving various properties of the skin panel. The present invention has no special limitation on the source of the resin matrix, and commercially available products familiar to those skilled in the art can be used. In an embodiment of the present invention, the polyetheretherketone is purchased from Shanghai Huachang Trading Co., Ltd.

[0029] In the present invention, the mass content of the basalt fiber direct yarn in the CFRT unidirectional tape is preferably ≥ 65%. In an embodiment of the present invention, the mass content of the basalt fiber direct yarn in the CFRT unidirectional tape may be specifically 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 90%. The present invention controls the mass content of the basalt fiber direct yarn in the CFRT unidirectional tape within the above range, and can adjust the mass content of the basalt fiber in the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate, thereby further improving the mechanical properties of the skin plate and increasing its service life.

[0030] The present invention has no special limitation on the pre-impregnation operation, and the technical solutions well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.

[0031] In the present invention, the drawing speed is preferably 4-6 m / min, more preferably 5 m / min.

[0032] In the present invention, the thickness of the CFRT unidirectional tape is preferably 0.2-0.3 mm, more preferably 0.25 mm. The present invention controls the thickness of the CFRT unidirectional tape within the above range, which can further improve the strength and other properties of the skin panel.

[0033] After obtaining the CFRT unidirectional tape, the present invention layers the CFRT unidirectional tape to obtain a multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape.

[0034] In the present invention, the number of layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape is preferably ≥ 5. In an embodiment of the present invention, the number of layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape may be specifically 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10. The present invention controls the number of layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape within the above range, which can further improve the strength and other properties of the skin panel.

[0035] In the present invention, the directions of two adjacent layers of CFRT unidirectional tapes in the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape preferably differ by 40-50°, more preferably by 45°.

[0036] In the present invention, when the number of layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape is 5, from bottom to top, the directions of the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape are preferably 0°, 40-50°, 80-100°, 40-50° and 0°, more preferably 0°, 45°, 90°, 45° and 0°. The present invention controls the direction of the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape within the above range, which can further improve the strength and other properties of the skin panel.

[0037] After obtaining the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape, the present invention sequentially bonds the non-woven fabric, the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape, the surface film and the protective film and then performs hot pressing to obtain a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate.

[0038] In the present invention, the non-woven fabric is preferably a single-layer basalt fiber non-woven fabric. In the present invention, the thickness of the non-woven fabric is preferably 0.2 mm; the non-woven fabric is preferably from Guizhou Shixin Basalt Technology Co., Ltd. In the present invention, the basalt fiber non-woven fabric can improve the mechanical properties and facilitate the bonding and installation of the skin panel.

[0039] In the present invention, the surface film is preferably a PET film.

[0040] In the present invention, the protective film is preferably a PE film. The present invention has no special restrictions on the source and thickness of the surface film and the protective film, and commercial products known to those skilled in the art can be used. In the present invention, the surface film and the protective film are conducive to hot pressing, and can subsequently protect the skin board, which is conducive to its transportation.

[0041] In the present invention, the temperature of the hot pressing is preferably 180-190°C, more preferably 185°C; the pressure of the hot pressing is preferably 140-160MPa, more preferably 150MPa. Controlling the temperature and pressure of the hot pressing in the present invention can facilitate the compounding of the various layers of materials, so that the surface of the skin panel is smooth and flat, and the thickness is consistent.

[0042] After the hot pressing is completed, the present invention preferably cools, rolls and packages the hot pressed product in sequence.

[0043] The present invention has no special limitation on the cooling and packaging operations, and the technical solutions well known to those skilled in the art may be adopted.

[0044] In the present invention, the tension during winding is preferably 40-60 KN, more preferably 50 KN; and the tension during the winding process is preferably constant.

[0045] The present invention also provides the application of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate described in the above technical solution or the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate prepared according to the preparation method described in the above technical solution in the fields of automobile, machinery manufacturing, electronic appliances, chemical industry, aerospace communications and construction.

[0046] In the present invention, the application preferably includes a truck compartment, door panel, floor, side panel, side skirt panel or refrigerated truck panel, etc.; a ship's hull, partition, deck or interior, etc.; a mobile home's kitchen, bathroom wall panel, floor or partition, etc.; filtering equipment, including an air purifier, a smoke filter or a central air conditioner; an exterior wall surface; a mobile toilet's floor, wall panel or roof panel, etc.; a motorhome's side panel or floor partition, etc.; a container, including a dry cargo box or a refrigerated box, etc.; a modular house or cabinet, etc.; a suitcase.

[0047] The present invention has no special limitation on the operation of the application, and the technical solutions well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.

[0048] The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1 A basalt fiber CFRT skin plate is composed of a non-woven fabric (single-layer basalt fiber non-woven fabric, 0.2 mm) and a basalt fiber CFRT arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric; the basalt fiber CFRT is composed of a resin matrix (polyetheretherketone) and basalt fibers; the mass content of basalt fibers in the basalt fiber CFRT is 65%; The preparation method of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate consists of the following steps: (1) Pre-impregnated basalt continuous fiber direct yarn with polyetheretherketone and then drawn to obtain CFRT unidirectional tape; the linear density of the basalt fiber direct yarn is 1200TEX, and the diameter of the single fiber is 11μm; the drawing speed is 5m / min; the thickness of the CFRT unidirectional tape is 0.25mm, and the mass content of the basalt fiber direct yarn in the CFRT unidirectional tape is 65%; (2) Laying up five layers of CFRT unidirectional tapes obtained in step (1) to obtain a multilayer CFRT unidirectional tape, wherein the directions of the CFRT unidirectional tapes are 0°, 45°, 90°, 45° and 0° from bottom to top; (3) The single-layer basalt fiber non-woven fabric, the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape obtained in step (2), the surface film (PET film) and the protective film (PE film) are sequentially laminated and hot-pressed to obtain a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate. The hot-pressing temperature is 185° C. and the hot-pressing pressure is 150 MPa.

[0050] The schematic diagram of the laying of 5 layers of CFRT unidirectional tape in step (2) of Example 1 is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0051] The actual picture of the CFRT unidirectional tape in step (1) of Example 1 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown; the actual picture of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate prepared in Example 1 is as shown Figure 3 shown.

[0052] Comparative Example 1 The basalt fiber in Example 1 was replaced with glass fiber, and other parameters were the same as those in Example 1 to obtain a glass fiber CFRT skin panel.

[0053] The skin panel in Example 1 was inspected for appearance. The panel width was 2200 mm, the thickness was 1.5 mm, the surface was smooth and flat, the panel thickness was uniform, and it was dark white.

[0054] The tensile strength of the skin panels in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was tested. The tensile strength of the skin panels in Example 1 was 1100 MPa, and the tensile strength of the skin panels in Comparative Example 1 was 900 MPa. It can be seen that the skin panels provided by the present invention have better tensile strength.

[0055] Example 2 The mass content of basalt fiber in the basalt fiber CFRT of Example 1 was replaced with 70%, and other parameters were the same as those of Example 1.

[0056] The tensile strength of the skin panel in Example 2 is 1130 MPa.

[0057] In summary, the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate provided by the present invention has better mechanical properties, lighter weight and longer service life.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A basalt fiber CFRT skin plate, characterized in that: It comprises a non-woven fabric and a basalt fiber CFRT arranged on the surface of the non-woven fabric; the basalt fiber CFRT comprises a resin matrix and basalt fibers.

2. The basalt fiber CFRT skin plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin matrix includes at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, polycarbonate and polyetheretherketone.

3. The basalt fiber CFRT skin plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass content of basalt fiber in the basalt fiber CFRT is ≥65%.

4. The method for preparing the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: (1) Pre-impregnating basalt fiber direct yarn with resin matrix and then drawing it to obtain CFRT unidirectional tape; (2) Laying up multiple layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape obtained in step (1) to obtain a multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape; (3) The non-woven fabric, the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape obtained in step (2), the surface film and the protective film are sequentially laminated and hot-pressed to obtain a basalt fiber CFRT skin plate.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linear density of the basalt fiber direct yarn in the step (1) is 1100-1300 TEX, and the diameter of the basalt fiber monofilament in the basalt fiber direct yarn is 9-13 μm.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the CFRT unidirectional tape in step (1) is 0.2-0.3 mm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of layers of the CFRT unidirectional tape in step (2) is ≥5.

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step (2), the directions of two adjacent layers of CFRT unidirectional tapes in the multi-layer CFRT unidirectional tape differ by 40 to 50 degrees.

9. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature of hot pressing in step (3) is 180-190°C.

10. Application of the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the basalt fiber CFRT skin plate prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 9 in the fields of automobile, machinery manufacturing, electronic appliances, chemical industry, aerospace communications and construction.

Images