Multi-source power transmission system suitable for crawler tractor

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-source power transmission system suitable for a crawler tractor. The multi-source power transmission system comprises a power shunting transmission module, a power converging transmission module, a section gear shifting transmission module, a double-power differential steering and tail end transmission module and a power output module. The power dividing transmission module divides power input by an engine into mechanical flow and hydraulic flow, and the hydraulic dividing power is adjusted through a variable pump. The power converging transmission module is connected with the power shunting transmission module and is used for converging mechanical flow and hydraulic flow through a planet row, and stepless speed regulation is realized through variable hydraulic flow power during working; according to the multi-source power transmission system suitable for the crawler tractor, the stepless speed change function, the in-situ differential steering function and the double-power differential steering function of the tractor can be achieved, the operation efficiency and the steering performance are greatly improved, the power loss is reduced, operation soil covering is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced. And the use convenience is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tractors, and in particular to a multi-source power transmission system suitable for crawler tractors. Background Art

[0002] The tractor transmission system is an important part of the tractor chassis. Its function is to transmit the power source to the drive wheels and working devices, so that the tractor can travel and drive agricultural machinery to complete various operations.

[0003] At present, the transmission system of most crawler tractors in China usually adopts a combined multi-speed mechanical transmission box or a partial power shift transmission box, and steering is achieved by clutches on both sides. This transmission system has a relatively simple structure, and the parts are easy to manufacture and maintain, but it also has the disadvantages of limited speed adjustment range, discontinuous operation, large power loss during steering, stiff and inflexible steering, easy to cause soil covering during operation, and high proficiency requirements for operators. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a multi-source power transmission system suitable for crawler tractors, which can realize the tractor's stepless speed change, on-the-spot differential steering function and dual power differential steering function, greatly improve the operating efficiency and steering performance, reduce power loss, reduce operating soil covering, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multi-source power transmission system suitable for crawler tractors, comprising a power split transmission module, a power convergence transmission module, a section shift transmission module, a dual power differential steering and terminal transmission module and a power output module;

[0006] The power split transmission module splits the power input from the engine into mechanical flow and hydraulic flow, and adjusts the hydraulic split power through a variable pump;

[0007] The power converging transmission module is connected to the power diverging transmission module, and is used to transmit the mechanical flow and the hydraulic flow to converge through the planetary gear, and to achieve stepless speed regulation through the changing hydraulic flow power during operation;

[0008] The section shift transmission module is connected to the power convergence transmission module to provide more section speed options so as to adapt to the operation requirements of a wider speed range;

[0009] The dual-power differential steering and terminal transmission module is connected to the section shift transmission module and is used to utilize the planetary differential gear train to couple the steering power to achieve tractor differential steering;

[0010] The power output transmission module is connected to the dual power differential steering and terminal transmission module to achieve power output at two speeds.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power split transmission module includes a clutch, an engine power input shaft, a variable displacement pump, a power output shaft and a drive motor;

[0012] One of the output ends of the engine is connected to a clutch, the clutch is connected to the variable pump via an engine power input shaft, and the output end of the variable pump is connected to a power output shaft and a drive motor respectively.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power confluence transmission module includes a mechanical flow driving gear, a mechanical flow driven gear, a planetary gear ring, a hydraulic flow sun gear shaft, a confluence planetary gear, a confluence planet carrier, a confluence driving gear and a confluence driven gear;

[0014] The mechanical flow driving gear is arranged on the power output shaft, the hydraulic flow sun gear shaft is connected to the output end of the driving motor, and the outer side surface of the hydraulic flow sun gear shaft is fixed with a mechanical flow driven gear, a planetary gear ring, a confluence planetary gear, a confluence planetary carrier and a confluence driving gear in sequence, the mechanical flow driving gear is meshed and connected with the mechanical flow driven gear, and the confluence driving gear is meshed and connected with the confluence driven gear.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the section shift transmission module includes a four-section driving gear, a section driving shaft, a three-section driving gear, a two-section driving gear, a one-section driving gear, a section output driven gear, a small bevel gear shaft, a section output driving gear, a one-section driven gear, a one-two-section synchronizer, a two-section driven gear, a three-section driven gear, a three-four-section synchronizer, a four-section driven gear and a section driven shaft;

[0016] One end of the section driving shaft is connected to the converging driven gear, the section driving shaft is sleeved on the outer side of the power output shaft and the two are connected by a bearing, the outer side of the section driving shaft is fixed with four-section driving gears, three-section driving gears, two-section driving gears and one-section master-slave gears in sequence, the section driven shaft is connected to the hydraulic flow sun gear shaft by a bearing, the outer side of the section driven shaft is fixed with four-section driven gears, three-section driven gears, two-section driven gears and one-section driven gear in sequence, the four-section driving gears, three-section driving gears, two-section driving gears and one-section master-slave gears are respectively meshed and connected with the four-section driven gears, three-section driven gears, two-section driven gears and one-section driven gears;

[0017] A three-fourth section synchronizer is provided between the four-section driven gear and the three-section driven gear, and a one-two section synchronizer is provided between the two-section driven gear and the one-section driven gear;

[0018] A section output driving gear is fixed to one end of the section driven shaft, the small bevel gear shaft is connected to the section driving shaft via a bearing, a section output driven gear is fixed to the outer side of the small bevel gear shaft, and the section output driving gear is meshedly connected to the section output driven gear.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the dual-power differential steering and terminal transmission module includes a large bevel driven gear, a large bevel transmission shaft, a terminal reduction driving gear, a terminal reduction driven gear, a terminal transmission planetary carrier, a driving wheel shaft, a steering planetary gear, a steering sun gear shaft, a steering pinion gear, a steering large bevel gear, a steering variable displacement pump, a steering motor, a steering driving gear shaft, a steering driving gear, a steering intermediate gear, a steering driven gear, a brake, an engine power output gear, a large bevel driving gear, a steering pinion gear shaft and a steering connecting shaft;

[0020] The large bevel driving gear is fixedly connected to one end of the small bevel gear shaft, the large bevel driving gear is meshed with the large bevel driven gear, the large bevel driven gear is fixed to the outer side of the large bevel transmission shaft, the two ends of the outer side of the large bevel transmission shaft are symmetrically fixed with terminal reduction driving gears, one side of the terminal reduction driving gear is meshed with the terminal reduction driven gear, the terminal reduction driven gear is meshed with the steering planetary gear, the steering planetary gear is arranged on the terminal transmission planetary carrier, one end of the terminal transmission planetary carrier is connected to the driving wheel shaft, and the driving wheel shaft is connected to the crawler track;

[0021] The engine power output gear is connected to the other output end of the engine through a gear train, the engine power output gear is connected to the input end of a steering variable displacement pump through a connecting shaft, the output end of the steering variable displacement pump is connected to a steering motor, the output end of the steering motor is connected to a steering driving gear shaft, the steering driving gear is fixed to the outer side surface of the steering driving gear shaft, one side of the steering driving gear is meshed and connected with a steering intermediate gear, one side of the steering intermediate gear is meshed and connected with a steering driven gear, the steering driven gear is fixed to the outer side surface of a steering pinion gear shaft, one end of the steering pinion gear shaft is connected to a section driven shaft through a bearing, the other end of the steering pinion gear shaft is connected to a steering pinion gear, both sides of the steering pinion gear are symmetrically meshed with steering large bevel gears, the steering large bevel gear is fixed to a steering connecting shaft, one end of the steering connecting shaft is connected to a steering sun gear shaft, the steering sun gear shaft is connected to a terminal transmission planetary carrier, and a brake is provided on the steering connecting shaft.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power output transmission module includes a power output clutch, a power output driving shaft, a power output driven shaft, a power output high-end driving gear, a power output high-end driven gear, a power output low-end driving gear, a power output low-end driven gear, a high-and-low-gear shifting engagement sleeve and a power output shaft head;

[0023] One end of the power output clutch is connected to the power output shaft, and the other end of the power output clutch is connected to the power output driving shaft. A power output high-speed driving gear and a power output low-speed driving gear are fixed to the outer side of the power output driving shaft in sequence. The power output high-speed driving gear and the power output low-speed driving gear are respectively meshed and connected with the power output high-speed driven gear and the power output low-speed driven gear respectively. The power output high-speed driven gear and the power output low-speed driven gear are both fixed on the power output driven shaft. A high-low gear shifting engagement sleeve is arranged between the power output high-speed driven gear and the power output low-speed driven gear. The power output driven shaft is connected to the power output shaft head, and the power output shaft head is connected to the implement mounted on the tractor.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the multi-source power transmission system suitable for crawler tractors can realize a variety of transmission ratios and power transmission paths, effectively realize the distribution and synthesis of power, and has the advantages of compact structure and large transmission ratio. According to the operating conditions, different sections are selected, and the engine input power and hydraulic shunt power are adjusted within the section to achieve stepless speed change within the section. At the same time, according to different working conditions and load requirements, the power sources can be flexibly selected and combined to make each power source work in the high-efficiency range, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system and reducing energy consumption and operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power split-and-merge transmission of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the section shift transmission of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the dual power differential steering and terminal transmission of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the power output transmission of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1 power split transmission module, 11 engine, 12 clutch, 13 engine power input shaft, 14 variable pump, 15 power output shaft, 16 drive motor, 2 power converging transmission module, 21 mechanical flow driving gear, 22 mechanical flow driven gear, 23 planetary gear ring, 24 hydraulic flow sun gear shaft, 25 converging planetary gear, 26 converging planet carrier, 27 converging driving gear, 28 converging driven gear, 3 section shift transmission module, 301 four section driving gear, 302 Section driving shaft, 303 three-section driving gear, 304 two-section driving gear, 305 one-section driving gear, 306 section output driven gear, 307 small bevel gear shaft, 308 section output driving gear, 309 one-section driven gear, 310 one-two section synchronizer, 311 two-section driven gear, 312 three-section driven gear, 313 three-four section synchronizer, 314 four-section driven gear, 315 section driven shaft, 4 dual power differential steering and final drive module, 40 1 large bevel driven gear, 402 large bevel transmission shaft, 403 end reduction driving gear, 404 end reduction driven gear, 405 end transmission planetary carrier, 406 driving wheel shaft, 407 steering planetary gear, 408 steering sun gear shaft, 409 steering small bevel gear, 410 steering large bevel gear, 411 steering variable pump, 412 steering motor, 413 steering driving gear shaft, 414 steering driving gear, 415 steering intermediate gear, 416 steering driven gear, 417 brake device, 418 engine power output gear, 419 large vertebra drive gear, 420 steering pinion gear shaft, 421 steering connecting shaft, 5 power output transmission module, 501 power output clutch, 502 power output driving shaft, 503 power output driven shaft, 504 power output high-end driving gear, 505 power output high-end driven gear, 506 power output low-end driving gear, 507 power output low-end driven gear, 508 high and low gear shift engagement sleeve, 509 power output shaft head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figure 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-source power transmission system suitable for crawler tractors, which divides the power of the engine 11 into two parts, one part is transmitted to the transmission box through the clutch 12, and the other part is transmitted to the engine power output gear 418 through the gear train and then output to the steering variable pump 411;

[0033] The power transmitted from the clutch 12 is divided into two directions, namely, mechanical flow power and hydraulic flow power, through the variable pump 14. During operation, the two powers can be distributed by adjusting the displacement of the variable pump 4. In order to achieve efficient driving, the main power is usually directly output to the power output shaft 15, and only a small amount of power is converted into hydraulic power and transferred to the drive motor 16. A part of the mechanical power is transmitted to the mechanical flow driving gear 21 through the power output shaft 15 to drive the vehicle to move, and the other part is transmitted to the tractor power output system;

[0034] The driving motor 16 drives the hydraulic flow sun gear shaft 24 to rotate, and then transmits the power to the planetary gear ring 23 through the confluence planetary gear 25 and the mechanical flow driving gear 21 for power coupling. The synthesized power is transmitted to the confluence driving gear 27 through the confluence planet carrier 26, and then the confluence driving gear 27 transmits the power to the confluence driven gear 28 to enter the section gearbox;

[0035] After the section speed change, the power is transmitted to the section output driven gear 306 through the section output driving gear 308, and then the power is output to the small bevel gear shaft 307. The power passes through the large bevel gear 401, the large bevel transmission shaft 402, and the final reduction driving gear 403 in sequence to reach the final reduction driven gear 404. When not turning, the power is output to the driving wheel shaft 406 through the steering planetary gear 407 and the final transmission planetary carrier 405 to drive the crawler track to run; when turning, the power separated from the engine 11 is converted into hydraulic steering power through the steering variable pump 411, and the hydraulic steering power is converted into hydraulic steering power through the steering variable pump 411. The steering power is converted into mechanical steering power by the motor 412. The steering power passes through the steering driving gear shaft 413, the steering driving gear 414, the steering intermediate gear 415, and the steering driven gear 416 to reach the steering pinion gear shaft 420. The steering power is transmitted to the left and right steering sun gear shafts 408 with the same size and opposite directions through the left and right steering large bevel gears 410. The left and right steering powers are combined through the left and right differential gear trains and the terminal reduction driven gear 404. After the combination, the power is output from the terminal transmission planet carrier 405 to the driving wheel shaft 406 to drive the crawler track to run.

[0036] When rotary tillage and other working tools are needed, the power output clutch 501 is combined to transmit power to the power output gearbox. The power is converted through the power output driving shaft 502, the power output driven shaft 503, the power output high-end driving gear 504, the power output high-end driven gear 505, the power output low-end driving gear 506, and the power output low-end driven gear 507, and then directly output to the power output shaft head 509 to drive the tools mounted on the tractor to operate.

[0037] When working, according to the load and operation requirements, select the appropriate speed section, and then achieve the stepless speed change function by adjusting the displacement of the variable pump 14; when the operation is in a stable state, the pump can be locked to zero displacement so that all power is transmitted completely through mechanical flow, thereby realizing efficient operation of the power system.

[0038] The crawler tractor has dual power differential steering and in-situ steering functions, so the frequency of reversing of the tractor is very low. All the reversing of the drive motor 16 is adopted to adjust the displacement of the variable pump 14 to achieve a negative speed coupling speed ratio and realize the reversing function.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-source power transmission system suitable for a crawler tractor, characterized in that: It comprises a power split transmission module (1), a power convergence transmission module (2), a section shift transmission module (3), a dual power differential steering and terminal transmission module (4) and a power output module (5); The power split transmission module (1) splits the power input from the engine (11) into a mechanical flow and a hydraulic flow, and adjusts the hydraulic split power through a variable pump (14); The power converging transmission module (2) is connected to the power diverging transmission module (1) and is used to transmit the mechanical flow and the hydraulic flow to converge through the planetary gear, and to achieve stepless speed regulation by changing the hydraulic flow power during operation; The section shift transmission module (3) is connected to the power convergence transmission module (2) to provide more section speed options so as to meet the needs of wider speed range operations; The dual-power differential steering and terminal transmission module (4) is connected to the section shift transmission module (3) and is used to utilize the planetary differential gear train to couple the steering power to achieve tractor differential steering; The power output transmission module (5) is connected to the dual-power differential steering and terminal transmission module (4) to achieve power output at two rotational speeds.

2. A multi-source power transmission system suitable for a crawler tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power split transmission module (1) comprises a clutch (12), an engine power input shaft (13), a variable displacement pump (14), a power output shaft (15) and a drive motor (16); One of the output ends of the engine (11) is connected to a clutch (12), the clutch (12) is connected to the variable displacement pump (14) via an engine power input shaft (13), and the output end of the variable displacement pump (14) is respectively connected to a power output shaft (15) and a drive motor (16).

3. A multi-source power transmission system suitable for a crawler tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power confluence transmission module (2) comprises a mechanical flow driving gear (21), a mechanical flow driven gear (22), a planetary gear ring (23), a hydraulic flow sun gear shaft (24), a confluence planetary gear (25), a confluence planet carrier (26), a confluence driving gear (27) and a confluence driven gear (28); The mechanical flow driving gear (21) is arranged on the power output shaft (15), the hydraulic flow sun gear shaft (24) is connected to the output end of the drive motor (16), and the outer side surface of the hydraulic flow sun gear shaft (24) is fixed with a mechanical flow driven gear (22), a planetary gear ring (23), a confluence planetary gear (25), a confluence planetary carrier (26) and a confluence driving gear (27) in sequence, the mechanical flow driving gear (21) and the mechanical flow driven gear (22) are meshed and connected, and the confluence driving gear (27) and the confluence driven gear (28) are meshed and connected.

4. A multi-source power transmission system suitable for a crawler tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The section shift transmission module (3) comprises a four-section driving gear (301), a section driving shaft (302), a three-section driving gear (303), a two-section driving gear (304), a one-section driving gear (305), a section output driven gear (306), a small bevel gear shaft (307), a section output driving gear (308), a one-section driven gear (309), a one-two-section synchronizer (310), a two-section driven gear (311), a three-section driven gear (312), a three-four-section synchronizer (313), a four-section driven gear (314) and a section driven shaft (315); One end of the section driving shaft (302) is connected to the converging driven gear (28), the section driving shaft (302) is sleeved on the outer side of the power output shaft (15) and the two are connected through a bearing, the outer side of the section driving shaft (302) is fixed with a four-section driving gear (301), a three-section driving gear (303), a two-section driving gear (304) and a one-section master-slave gear (305) in sequence, the section driven shaft (315) is connected to the hydraulic flow sun gear shaft (24) through a bearing, and the section The outer side surface of the driven shaft (315) is fixed with a four-segment driven gear (314), a three-segment driven gear (312), a two-segment driven gear (311) and a one-segment driven gear (309) in sequence, and the four-segment driving gear (301), the three-segment driving gear (303), the two-segment driving gear (304) and the one-segment master-slave gear (305) are respectively meshed and connected with the four-segment driven gear (314), the three-segment driven gear (312), the two-segment driven gear (311) and the one-segment driven gear (309); A three-fourth section synchronizer (313) is provided between the four-section driven gear (314) and the three-section driven gear (312), and a two-section synchronizer (310) is provided between the two-section driven gear (311) and the one-section driven gear (309); A section output driving gear (308) is fixed to one end of the section driven shaft (315); the small bevel gear shaft (307) is connected to the section driving shaft (302) via a bearing; a section output driven gear (306) is fixed to the outer side surface of the small bevel gear shaft (307); and the section output driving gear (308) is meshedly connected to the section output driven gear (306).

5. A multi-source power transmission system suitable for a crawler tractor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dual power differential steering and terminal transmission module (4) comprises a large bevel driven gear (401), a large bevel transmission shaft (402), a terminal reduction driving gear (403), a terminal reduction driven gear (404), a terminal transmission planetary carrier (405), a driving wheel shaft (406), a steering planetary gear (407), a steering sun gear shaft (408), a steering pinion gear (409), a steering large bevel gear (410), a steering variable displacement pump (411), a steering motor (412), a steering driving gear shaft (413), a steering driving gear (414), a steering intermediate gear (415), a steering driven gear (416), a brake (417), an engine power output gear (418), a large bevel driving gear (419), a steering pinion gear shaft (420) and a steering connecting shaft (421); The large bevel driving gear (419) is fixedly connected to one end of the small bevel gear shaft (307); the large bevel driving gear (419) is meshedly connected to the large bevel driven gear (401); the large bevel driven gear (401) is fixed to the outer side of the large bevel transmission shaft (402); both ends of the outer side of the large bevel transmission shaft (402) are symmetrically fixed with terminal reduction driving gears (403); one side of the terminal reduction driving gear (403) is meshedly connected to the terminal reduction driven gear (404); the terminal reduction driven gear (404) is meshedly connected to the steering planetary gear (407); the steering planetary gear (407) is arranged on the terminal transmission planetary carrier (405); one end of the terminal transmission planetary carrier (405) is connected to the driving wheel shaft (406); and the driving wheel shaft (406) is connected to the crawler track; The engine power output gear (418) is connected to the other output end of the engine (11) through a gear train, the engine power output gear (418) is connected to the input end of a steering variable displacement pump (411) through a connecting shaft, the output end of the steering variable displacement pump (411) is connected to a steering motor (412), the output end of the steering motor (412) is connected to a steering driving gear shaft (413), the steering driving gear (414) is fixed to the outer side of the steering driving gear shaft (413), one side of the steering driving gear (413) is meshed and connected to a steering intermediate gear (415), one side of the steering intermediate gear (415) is meshed and connected to a steering driven gear (416), and the steering driven gear (414) is meshed and connected to the steering intermediate gear (415). A wheel (416) is fixed on the outer side of a steering pinion bevel gear shaft (420); one end of the steering pinion bevel gear shaft (420) is connected to a section driven shaft (315) through a bearing; the other end of the steering pinion bevel gear shaft (420) is connected to a steering pinion bevel gear (409); two sides of the steering pinion bevel gear (409) are symmetrically meshed with steering large bevel gears (410); the steering large bevel gear (410) is fixed on a steering connecting shaft (421); one end of the steering connecting shaft (421) is connected to a steering sun gear shaft (408); the steering sun gear shaft (408) is connected to a terminal transmission planetary carrier (405); and a brake (417) is provided on the steering connecting shaft (421).

6. A multi-source power transmission system suitable for a crawler tractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power output transmission module (5) comprises a power output clutch (501), a power output driving shaft (502), a power output driven shaft (503), a power output high-speed driving gear (504), a power output high-speed driven gear (505), a power output low-speed driving gear (506), a power output low-speed driven gear (507), a high-low gear shifting engagement sleeve (508) and a power output shaft head (509); One end of the power output clutch (501) is connected to the power output shaft (15), and the other end of the power output clutch (501) is connected to the power output driving shaft (502). The outer side surface of the power output driving shaft (502) is fixed with a power output high-speed driving gear (504) and a power output low-speed driving gear (506) in sequence. The power output high-speed driving gear (504) and the power output low-speed driving gear (506) are respectively connected to the power output high-speed driven gear (505) and the power output The low-speed driven gear (507) is meshed and connected with each other. The power output high-speed driven gear (505) and the power output low-speed driven gear (507) are both fixed on the power output driven shaft (503). A high-speed and low-speed shifting meshing sleeve (508) is arranged between the power output high-speed driven gear (505) and the power output low-speed driven gear (507). The power output driven shaft (503) is connected to the power output shaft head (509), and the power output shaft head (509) is connected to the implement mounted on the tractor.

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