Defective product collecting and discharging basket of melon and fruit logistics sorting line and melon and fruit logistics sorting line

Abstract

According to the defective product collecting and discharging basket for the melon and fruit logistics sorting line and the melon and fruit logistics sorting line, a defective product collecting basket is inclined to a certain angle through stretching and retracting of a telescopic rod, a driving motor drives a rotating gear to rotate in an engaged mode so as to open blades, and melons and fruits are discharged out of the defective product collecting basket; the requirement of manual intervention is reduced, and the inclination angle of the collecting basket can be accurately controlled, so that the defective product collecting basket is suitable for unloading different types and numbers of melons and fruits. The invention relates to a defective product collecting device which is characterized by comprising a defective product collecting basket, a driving motor, a fixing plate, a fastening piece, a rotating gear, blades, a goods outlet, a bottom plate, a first hinge piece, a telescopic rod and a second hinge piece, the defective product collecting basket is of a cuboid structure without a cover and with a square bottom face, and the goods outlet is formed in one side face of the defective product collecting basket; the defective product collecting basket is filled with broken foam and broken sponge, and multiple layers of the broken foam and the broken sponge are arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention discloses a defective product collecting and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line and a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line, which relate to a defective product collecting basket installed on the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line, and belong to the field of intelligent logistics technology, and particularly to a defective product collecting basket which is tilted to a certain angle by telescopic rod extension, and driven by a driving motor to drive rotating gears to mesh and rotate to open blades, so that fruits and vegetables can be unloaded from the defective product collecting basket, thereby reducing the need for manual intervention and being able to accurately control the tilt angle of the collecting basket, thereby being able to meet the unloading needs of different types and quantities of fruits and vegetables. Background Art

[0002] In the entire supply chain of fruits and vegetables from farmland to table, sorting is a key step to ensure the quality of fruits and vegetables. Through sorting, products that do not meet quality standards are removed, thereby ensuring that high-quality and healthy fruits and vegetables enter the market and meet the needs of consumers. Traditional fruit and vegetable sorting mainly relies on manual work, and the sorting efficiency is limited by the proficiency, physical fitness and emotional influence of the staff. It is also prone to problems such as misclassification and missed inspections of fruits and vegetables, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Against this background, intelligent sorting technology came into being. Most of the existing fruit sorting machines focus on the recognition and sorting of surface defects of fruits and vegetables, and identify and classify fruits and vegetables through image acquisition and processing systems; first, use a camera to capture images of fruits and vegetables, and then use image processing algorithms to extract the characteristics of fruits and vegetables. The sorting machine can accurately identify defects such as lesions, worm holes, and breakage on the surface of fruits and vegetables by collecting characteristic information such as color, shape, and texture, and remove the fruits and vegetables with problems to ensure the external quality of fruits and vegetables. However, the existing fruit and vegetable sorting machines ignore the classification of fruit and vegetable weight, resulting in heavier fruits and vegetables being stacked on lighter fruits and vegetables, causing the lighter fruits and vegetables to be squeezed and damaged. In addition, heavier fruits and vegetables often mean more flesh and higher nutritional value, so the price will increase accordingly. If the sorting machine cannot accurately distinguish the weight of fruits and vegetables, it will limit the pricing strategy, making it difficult to reasonably price the fruits and vegetables according to their actual value, and failing to meet the individual needs of consumers, affecting consumer satisfaction, thereby causing waste of resources and increased costs.

[0003] Publication No. CN117259233A discloses a fruit sorting system and a sorting method, wherein the sorting system includes a conveyor belt for conveying fruits and a visual detection device, a frame is mounted on the conveyor belt, a mechanical arm for grabbing fruits is installed on the frame, and the visual detection device includes a first camera and a second camera, the first camera is located above the conveyor belt and is set downward, for obtaining a top view image of the fruit; the second camera is set on the side of the conveyor belt and is tilted upward toward the grabbing area of ​​the mechanical arm, for obtaining a top view image of the mechanical arm grabbing the fruit and leaving the conveyor belt; and also includes a sorting control system connected to the visual detection device and the mechanical arm, the sorting control system is used to control the mechanical arm to grab the fruit, and control the mechanical arm to classify and place the fruit according to the recognition result of the visual detection device. The above-mentioned sorting control system identifies whether there is a defect by taking a photo with the first camera, and then identifies whether there is a defect on the bottom surface of the fruit by taking a photo with the second camera, and performs calculations in combination with the above steps to control the mechanical arm to classify and place the fruit, thereby completing the sorting. However, the above-mentioned fruit sorting system ignores the weight of the fruit. Heavier fruits may be mistakenly placed above lighter fruits during the sorting process, causing the lighter fruits to be squeezed and damaged, affecting the quality of the fruits and increasing the difficulty and cost of subsequent processing. The actual value of the fruit cannot be determined by weighing, which may lead to underestimation or overestimation of the value, thus affecting the interests of producers and consumers.

[0004] In order to improve the above problems, the applicant filed a Chinese invention patent application entitled "A Fruit Logistics Sorting Line", which uses a detection and sorting structure to sort out fruits with intact skins, and a weight sorting structure to sort fruits of different weights into multiple grades, sorting them into different collection baskets, and fruits with damaged surfaces fall along the main conveyor belt into the defective product collection basket at the end of the main conveyor belt. However, the defective product collection basket requires manual loading and unloading of fruits and vegetables, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, reducing the transportation efficiency of fruits and vegetables, and when a large number of defective fruits and vegetables need to be processed on the conveyor line, manual operation cannot respond in time, resulting in delays in subsequent processing. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the above situation, the present invention provides a defective product collecting and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line and a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line. A telescopic rod is extended to tilt the defective product collection basket to a certain angle, and a driving motor is used to drive the rotating gear to engage and rotate to open the blades, so that the fruits and vegetables can be unloaded from the defective product collection basket, thereby reducing the need for manual intervention and being able to accurately control the inclination angle of the collection basket, thereby adapting the defective product collection basket to the unloading needs of different types and quantities of fruits and vegetables.

[0006] The defective product collection and unloading basket of a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line and the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line of the present invention are realized as follows: The defective product collection and unloading basket of a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line of the present invention is composed of a defective product collection basket, a driving motor, a fixing plate, a fastener, a rotating gear, a blade, a delivery port, a bottom plate, a first hinge, a telescopic rod and a second hinge. The defective product collection basket is a rectangular structure without a cover and a square bottom. A delivery port is opened on one of the sides of the defective product collection basket. Preferably, the top opening of the defective product collection basket is a funnel-shaped structure. Preferably, the height of the delivery port is smaller than the height of the defective product collection basket, and the width of the delivery port is smaller than the width of the defective product collection basket. Preferably, the edge of the delivery port is an arc-shaped structure, and a rubber gasket is placed on the edge of the delivery port. Preferably, the defective product collection basket is filled with foam crumbs and sponge crumbs, and the foam crumbs and sponge crumbs have multiple layers, and the multiple layers of foam crumbs and the multiple layers of sponge crumbs are arranged alternately. Preferably, a plurality of L-shaped shock-absorbing pads are arranged at the bottom of the defective product collection basket, and are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the defective product collection basket, and the L-shaped shock-absorbing pads are made of sponge material. The second hinged parts are respectively arranged at the top of the two sides of the defective product collection basket adjacent to the delivery port and away from the delivery port. The bottom plate is placed at the bottom of the defective product collection basket. Preferably, the area of ​​the bottom plate is larger than the bottom area of ​​the defective product collection basket. Preferably, the surface of the bottom plate is smooth. Four first hinges are arranged on the bottom plate, and the four first hinges are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom plate, and two first hinges near the delivery port are hinged to the defective product collection basket. The electric telescopic rod is placed on the side where the second hinge of the defective product collection basket is located, one end of the electric telescopic rod is hinged to the second hinge, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod is hinged to the first hinge away from the delivery port. The drive motor is placed at the top of the inner side of the defective product collection basket and above the delivery port. The fixing plate is placed on the outer top of the defective product collection box and corresponds to the driving motor. The drive motor is connected to the fixing plate through fasteners. Two rotating gears are placed on one side of the fixed plate, and the two rotating gears are meshed with each other. The motor shaft of the driving motor passes through the defective product collection basket and the through hole on the fixed plate and is connected to the axle of one of the rotating gears. Preferably, a bearing is arranged between the motor shaft of the driving motor and the defective product collecting basket and the fixing plate. One end of the two blades is connected to two rotating gears respectively. Preferably, the blades and the defective product collection basket fit together. Preferably, one side edge of the two blades is correspondingly fitted to form a blockage on the delivery port. Preferably, the thickness of the blade gradually increases from one side close to the rotating gear to the other side, the height of the blade is greater than the height of the delivery port, and the length of the blade is greater than half of the length of the delivery port; Preferably, a rubber sheet is placed on one side of the blade; Furthermore, a shock-absorbing gasket is disposed on one side of the blade, and the shock-absorbing gasket is made of food-grade rubber. Preferably, the shock-absorbing gasket is provided with a plurality of striped protrusions, the plurality of striped protrusions are evenly distributed along the shock-absorbing gasket, and the striped protrusions are relatively soft; Furthermore, universal wheels are fixedly installed around the bottom of the base plate. Preferably, the universal wheel is a silent universal wheel and can be locked; The present invention also relates to a fruit logistics sorting line, comprising a main transmission structure, a secondary transmission structure, a detection and sorting structure and a weight sorting structure. It is characterized in that a plurality of the detection and sorting structures are arranged equidistantly along the main transmission structure, a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures are arranged equidistantly along the main transmission structure, a plurality of the weight sorting structures correspond to a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures one-to-one, a plurality of the detection and sorting structures correspond to a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures one-to-one, the main transmission structure and the auxiliary transmission structure transmit fruits continuously and quickly, the detection and sorting structure sorts out fruits with intact skin, and the weight sorting structure divides fruits of different weights into multiple grades. The main transmission structure is composed of a main conveyor belt, a main conveyor belt baffle, a second support foot, a first drive motor, a fourth support foot, a first motor support plate and a diverter trough. The main conveyor belt is placed between two main conveyor belt baffles, and a plurality of first power rollers arranged at equal distances are placed in the main conveyor belt. Both ends of the first power rollers are rotatably connected to the two main conveyor belt baffles through bearings. Preferably, the top surface of the main conveyor belt baffle is slightly higher than the height of the main conveyor belt. Preferably, the two main conveyor belt baffles and the main conveyor belt together constitute the main conveyor line. Preferably, the defective product collection box is placed at the end of the main conveying line. The main conveyor line is supported by two sets of second supporting legs, one end of the two sets of second supporting legs is respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two main conveyor belt baffles, and the other end of the second supporting legs is vertically placed on the ground. Preferably, a group of the second supporting legs has a plurality of them, and the plurality of the second supporting legs in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the main conveying line. The first drive motor is placed at the center of the first motor support plate and close to one end of the main transmission line. The motor shaft of the first driving motor passes through one end of one of the main transmission belt baffles and is connected to the roller shaft of one of the first power rollers. There are four fourth supporting legs, one end of each of which is placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the first motor supporting plate, and the other end of each of which is placed vertically on the ground. One of the main conveyor belt baffles has multiple equally spaced diversion slots. The auxiliary transmission structure is composed of an auxiliary conveyor belt, an auxiliary conveyor belt baffle, a connecting piece, a fixed shaft and a limit plate. The auxiliary conveyor belt is placed between two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles. Preferably, one end of the auxiliary conveyor belt corresponds to the diverter trough, and the auxiliary conveyor belt and the main conveyor belt are perpendicular to each other in the horizontal direction. Preferably, the width of the auxiliary conveyor belt is greater than or equal to the length of the diverter trough, and the height of the auxiliary conveyor belt is lower than the height of the bottom of the diverter trough. A plurality of second power rollers arranged at equal distances are placed in the auxiliary conveyor belt, and both ends of the second power rollers are rotatably connected to two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles through bearings. Preferably, the top surface of the auxiliary conveyor belt baffle is slightly higher than the height of the auxiliary conveyor belt. Preferably, the two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles and the auxiliary conveyor belt together constitute an auxiliary conveyor line. Preferably, a plurality of the auxiliary transmission lines are sequentially placed on one side of the main transmission line. The auxiliary conveyor line is supported by two sets of fifth supporting legs, one end of each set of the fifth supporting legs is connected to the bottom ends of the two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles, and the other end of the fifth supporting legs is vertically placed on the ground. Preferably, there are multiple fifth supporting legs in a group, and the multiple fifth supporting legs in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the secondary transmission line. There are four sixth supporting legs, one end of each of which is placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the second motor supporting plate, and the other end of each of which is placed vertically on the ground. The second drive motor is placed at the center of the second motor support plate and close to one end of the auxiliary transmission line. The motor shaft of the second drive motor passes through one end of one of the auxiliary transmission belt baffles and is connected to the roller of one of the second power rollers. The connecting piece is placed at the end of the auxiliary conveyor belt baffle away from the main conveyor belt. The connecting piece is provided with a fixing hole. One end of the fixed shaft is circular, and the other end of the fixed shaft passes through the fixing hole and is rotatably connected to one end of the limiting plate. Preferably, a torsion spring is disposed between the fixed shaft and one end of the limiting plate. Preferably, the diameter of one end of the fixed shaft is larger than the diameter of the fixed shaft body. There are two limit plates, one end of which is rotatably connected to the auxiliary transmission belt baffle through a fixed shaft, and the other end is close to one-third of the wide side of the auxiliary transmission belt, forming an "eight" shape. Preferably, the surface of the limiting plate is smooth. The detection and sorting structure is composed of an L-shaped connecting arm, a detection probe, a third supporting leg, a supporting plate, a cylinder, a fixing part, a push rod, a connecting plate, a telescopic rod, a fixing sheet, a damper, a buffer plate and a spring. One end of the L-shaped connecting arm is placed on the side of another main conveyor belt baffle and above the main conveyor belt, and the other end of the L-shaped connecting arm is parallel to the main conveyor belt. The detection probe is placed on the other end of the L-shaped connecting arm close to the main conveyor belt. There are four third supporting legs, one end of each of which is placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the supporting plate, and the other end of each of which is placed vertically on the ground. Preferably, the third support leg and the auxiliary conveyor belt are not on the same side of the main conveyor belt. Preferably, the height of the support plate is slightly higher than the height of the main conveyor belt baffle. The cylinder is placed on the end of the support plate close to the main conveyor belt. Multiple fixings are placed on both sides of the cylinder. Preferably, the fixing member is L-shaped, one end of the fixing member is connected to the cylinder via screws and bolts, and the other end of the fixing member is connected to the support plate via screws and bolts. Two push rods are placed on both sides of the cylinder. One end of the push rod is movably connected to the cylinder, and the other end of the push rod is connected to the connecting plate. Four telescopic rods are placed on the connecting plate, and the telescopic rods are connected to the connecting plate through a fixing plate. The damper is movably mounted on the telescopic rod, one end of the damper is connected to the buffer plate, the spring is telescopically mounted on the telescopic rod, the other end of the damper is connected to one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is connected to the fixing plate. Preferably, the buffer plate and the connecting plate are parallel to each other. Preferably, the buffer plate is an arc-shaped plate, and the convex surface is connected to the damper, and the buffer plate is provided with uniformly arranged rubber protrusions. The weight sorting structure is composed of a table, a first supporting leg, a collecting basket, a second rotating motor, a rotating disk, a partition plate, a weight detector, a connecting block, a first rotating motor, a rotating shaft, a dial plate and an arc baffle. The table top is supported by a first supporting leg, one end of the first supporting leg is connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the table top respectively, and the other end of the first supporting leg is vertically placed on the ground. Preferably, the length of the table is smaller than the distance between adjacent diversion slots. Multiple collection baskets can be detachably placed on the table. Preferably, the collection basket is fan-shaped, and the central angle of the collection basket is less than 90 degrees. The second rotating motor is placed on the table and located on the inner arc side of the collection basket. The motor shaft of the second rotating motor is connected to the center of the turntable. Preferably, the radius of the rotating disk is equal to the inner ring radius of the collecting basket. Preferably, the height of the rotating disk is equal to or slightly higher than the height of the collecting basket. Preferably, a pillar for supporting the turntable is disposed on the table top, one end of the pillar is fixedly connected to the table top, and a roller is disposed on the other end of the pillar, the roller is connected to the pillar through a roller connector, the roller is in contact with the edge of the bottom surface of the turntable, and the number of the pillars is greater than or equal to 2. A plurality of partition plates are placed on the turntable, Preferably, the plurality of partition plates divide the turntable into a plurality of partition areas, and the number of the partition areas is equal to the number of the collection baskets. Multiple weight detectors are placed in multiple separate areas. Preferably, the weight detector corresponds to the separation area one by one. One side of the connection block is connected to the partition plate, and a through hole is opened in the middle of the connection block. The first rotating motor is placed at the bottom of one end of the partition plate. Preferably, the first rotating motor and the connecting block are in the same vertical position. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first rotating motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft passes through a through hole on the connecting block and is connected to one end of the shifting plate. Preferably, one end of the dial plate is concave, and the concave portion corresponds to the connecting block. Preferably, the length of the dial plate is smaller than the length of the partition plate, and the height of the dial plate is smaller than the height of the partition plate. One end of the arc-shaped baffle is connected to the half of the long side of the paddle, and the other end of the arc-shaped baffle is close to the weight detector. Preferably, a bubble column cushion is disposed on the inner side of the collection basket, and the collection basket is filled with clean water, the volume of the clean water being one half of the volume of the collection basket. The melon and fruit logistics sorting line also includes a melon and fruit logistics sorting system, which includes a signal converter, a data processor and a controller. The signal converter is placed on the side of the main conveyor belt baffle, the data processor is placed on the side of the main conveyor belt baffle, and the controller is placed on the side of the main conveyor belt baffle. The detection probe and the weight detector are connected to the signal converter via a data line respectively. The cylinder, the first drive motor, the second drive motor, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor are connected to the controller via data transmission lines respectively. The signal converter is connected to the data processor via a data transmission line, and the data processor is connected to the controller via a data transmission line. The signal converter can convert the image data collected by the detection probe and the weight data collected by the weight detector into digital signals. The controller can be implemented by one or at least two application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of the data processing device. The data processor and the signal converter perform information exchange, When the fruit logistics sorting system is executed, the following steps are mainly implemented: Before sorting fruits and vegetables, the fruit logistics sorting system presets the grade of fruits and vegetables corresponding to each collection basket in advance. For example, collection basket No. 1 corresponds to apples with a net weight of less than 100 grams, collection basket No. 2 corresponds to apples with a net weight of more than 100 grams and less than 200 grams, collection basket No. 3 corresponds to apples with a net weight of more than 200 grams and less than 300 grams, and collection basket No. 4 corresponds to apples with a net weight of more than 300 grams. In the process of sorting fruits and vegetables, the fruits and vegetables are transported to the main conveyor belt at intervals, the controller controls the first drive motor and the second drive motor to start, the first drive motor drives the first main roller to rotate, the first main roller drives the first slave roller to rotate, so that the fruits and vegetables are wrapped on the main conveyor belt for transportation, the second drive motor drives the second main roller to rotate, the second main roller drives the second slave roller to rotate, so that the secondary conveyor belt can run smoothly, the detection probe collects image data of the fruits and vegetables on the main conveyor belt, and sends the collected image data signal to the signal converter, the signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor, the data processor processes the digital signal of the received image data, First, the image is segmented from the target and background, and the color features in the image are captured through the color histogram, which is then normalized to reflect the color information of the fruits in the image. A color threshold is set based on the color histogram of normal fruits. If the color histogram of a certain area in the image differs from that of normal fruits by more than the threshold, there may be defects. The image is then preprocessed by graying, denoising, and contrast enhancement, and a grayscale co-occurrence matrix is ​​constructed based on the grayscale image. The matrix reflects the texture information of the fruits in the image, such as roughness and smoothness. A texture threshold is set based on the texture features of normal fruits. If the texture features of a certain area in the image differ from those of normal fruits by more than the threshold, there may be defects. According to the results of the above defect detection, the fruit is classified as good or bad, and the information is output to the controller. When the fruit is bad, the fruit continues to be transported forward along the main conveyor belt to the end of the main conveyor belt and falls into the defective product collection box for subsequent processing. When the fruit is good, an execution instruction is sent to the control background, and the control background controls the cylinder to start, the cylinder drives the push rod to extend, and the push rod drives the buffer plate to push the fruit and vegetables onto the auxiliary conveyor belt, and the fruit and vegetables are transported along the auxiliary conveyor belt, pass the limit plate, and fall to the weight detector on the turntable. The weight detector weighs the fruit. The net weight of fruits and vegetables is detected and collected, and the collected weight data signal is sent to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received weight data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the digital signal of the received weight data, compares the weight data with the preset grade of fruits and vegetables, and finds the collection basket corresponding to the fruits and vegetables. When the fruits and vegetables reach the corresponding collection basket, the first rotating motor drives the dial plate to rotate, and the fruits and vegetables on the weight detector are dialed into the corresponding collection basket, which effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of sorting; Furthermore, an anti-skid pad is disposed on the buffer plate, the anti-skid pad is disposed on one side of the buffer plate, the anti-skid pad is made of rubber, and the edge of the anti-skid pad is connected to the edge of the buffer plate; Furthermore, the collection basket is built with a buffer pad, which is placed on the inner bottom surface of the collection basket. The buffer pad is made of rubber, and the edge of the buffer pad is connected to the edge of the inner bottom surface of the collection basket. Beneficial Effects

[0007] 1. One end of the defective product collection box is lifted up by an electric telescopic rod, so that the fruits and vegetables on the inner side of the defective product collection box fall from the delivery port along the bottom plate of the defective product collection box to the subsequent processing link, which facilitates the natural sliding of the fruits and vegetables and reduces the collision and damage of the fruits and vegetables during the dumping process.

[0008] Second, by driving the motor to drive the meshing transmission of the gears, the fruits and vegetables near the delivery port can fall smoothly to the subsequent processing links, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the blade opening.

[0009] 3. No manual loading and unloading is required, saving time and effort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fruit logistics sorting line of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fruit logistics sorting line of the present invention, in which only the structure of the telescopic rod is shown; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fruit logistics sorting line of the present invention, in which only the structure of the separation area is shown; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fruit logistics sorting line of the present invention, in which only the structure of the roller is shown; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of embodiment 2 of a fruit logistics sorting line of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of embodiment 3 of a fruit logistics sorting line of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a defective product collection and unloading basket of a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a second embodiment of a defective product collecting and discharging basket of a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Example 3 of a defective product collecting and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line of the present invention.

[0011] In the attached figure The components include: a first supporting leg (1), a table (2), a collecting basket (3), an arc-shaped baffle (4), a partition plate (5), a limit plate (6), a connecting member (7), a fixed shaft (8), an auxiliary conveyor belt baffle (9), an auxiliary conveyor belt (10), a second supporting leg (11), a main conveyor belt baffle (12), a main conveyor belt (13), a detection probe (14), an L-shaped connecting arm (15), a cylinder (16), a supporting plate (17), a third supporting leg (18), a fixing member (19), a first driving motor (20), a first motor supporting plate (21), a fourth supporting leg (22), a push rod (23), a buffer plate (24), a diverter trough (25), a second motor supporting plate (26), a second driving motor (27), a sixth supporting leg (28), and a fifth supporting leg ( 29), a turntable (30), a dial plate (31), a first rotating motor (32), a connecting block (33), a damper (34), a spring (35), a connecting plate (36), a fixing plate (37), a telescopic rod (38), a rotating shaft (39), a second rotating motor (40), a weight detector (41), a roller connecting member (42), a roller (43), a support (44), an anti-slip pad (45), a buffer pad (46), a defective product collection basket (47), a driving motor (48), a fixing plate (49), a fastener (50), a rotating gear (51), a blade (52), a shipping port (53), a bottom plate (54), a first hinge (55), an electric telescopic rod (56), a second hinge (57), a shock-absorbing gasket (58), and a universal wheel (59). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] Example 1 The present invention discloses a defective product collection and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line, which comprises a defective product collection basket (47), a driving motor (48), a fixing plate (49), a fastener (50), a rotating gear (51), blades (52), a delivery port (53), a bottom plate (54), a first hinge (55), a telescopic rod (38) and a second hinge (57). The defective product collection basket (47) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure without a cover and a square bottom surface. A delivery port (53) is provided on one side of the defective product collection basket (47). Preferably, the top opening of the defective product collecting basket (47) is a funnel-shaped structure. Preferably, the height of the delivery port (53) is smaller than the height of the defective product collection basket (47), and the width of the delivery port (53) is smaller than the width of the defective product collection basket (47). Preferably, the edge of the delivery port (53) is an arc-shaped structure, and a rubber gasket is arranged on the edge of the delivery port (53). Preferably, the defective product collection basket (47) is filled with foam crumbs and sponge crumbs, and the foam crumbs and sponge crumbs have multiple layers, and the multiple layers of the foam crumbs and the multiple layers of the sponge crumbs are arranged alternately. Preferably, a plurality of L-shaped shock absorbing pads are disposed at the bottom end of the defective product collection basket (47), and are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the defective product collection basket (47), and the L-shaped shock absorbing pads are made of sponge material. The second hinged parts (57) are respectively disposed at the top of two side surfaces of the defective product collection basket (47) adjacent to the delivery opening (53) and away from the delivery opening (53). The bottom plate (54) is placed at the bottom of the defective product collection basket (47). Preferably, the area of ​​the bottom plate (54) is larger than the bottom area of ​​the defective product collection basket (47). Preferably, the surface of the bottom plate (54) is smooth. Four first hinges (55) are disposed on the bottom plate (54), and the four first hinges (55) are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom plate (54), and two of the first hinges (55) near the delivery port (53) are hingedly connected to the defective product collection basket (47). The electric telescopic rod (56) is placed on the side of the second hinged member (57) of the defective product collection basket (47), one end of the electric telescopic rod (56) is hinged to the second hinged member (57), and the other end of the electric telescopic rod (56) is hinged to the first hinged member (55) away from the delivery port (53). The driving motor (48) is placed at the top inner side of the defective product collection basket (47) and above the delivery port (53). The fixing plate (49) is placed on the outer top of the defective product collection box and corresponds to the driving motor (48). The drive motor (48) is connected to the fixing plate (49) via a fastener (50). Two rotating gears (51) are placed on one side of the fixed plate (49), and the two rotating gears (51) are meshed with each other. The motor shaft of the driving motor (48) passes through the through holes opened on the defective product collection basket (47) and the fixed plate (49) and is connected to the wheel shaft of one of the rotating gears (51). Preferably, a bearing is disposed between the motor shaft of the driving motor (48), the defective product collecting basket (47) and the fixing plate (49). One end of the two blades (52) is connected to the two rotating gears (51) respectively. Preferably, the blade (52) and the defective product collecting basket (47) are in close contact with each other. Preferably, one side edge of the two blades (52) is correspondingly fitted to form a blockage on the delivery port (53). Preferably, the thickness of the blade (52) gradually increases from one side close to the rotating gear (51) to the other side, the height of the blade (52) is greater than the height of the delivery port (53), and the length of the blade (52) is greater than half the length of the delivery port (53); Preferably, a rubber sheet is disposed on one side of the blade (52); When in use, the detection and sorting structure divides the fruits and vegetables into good products and bad products. The bad products fall into the defective product collection basket (47) along the main conveyor belt (13). When the staff finds that the defective product collection box is almost full, the driving motor (48) is started. The driving motor (48) drives one of the rotating gears (51) to rotate. The rotating gear (51) drives another rotating gear (51) to mesh and rotate, and the blades (52) are opened. The fruits and vegetables near the delivery port (53) fall from the delivery port (53) to the subsequent processing link. The electric telescopic rod (56) is started. The electric telescopic rod (56) drives one end of the defective product collection box to be lifted, so that the defective products can be collected. The collection box is in a tilted state, and the fruits and vegetables on the inner side of the defective collection box fall along the bottom plate (54) of the defective collection box from the delivery port (53) to the subsequent processing link. The meshing transmission of the gears ensures the accuracy and stability of the opening of the blades (52), so that the fruits and vegetables near the delivery port (53) can fall smoothly to the subsequent processing link. The automatic tilting of the collection box facilitates the natural sliding of the fruits and vegetables, reduces the collision and damage of the fruits and vegetables during the dumping process, realizes the automatic processing of the dumping of the fruits and vegetables, greatly improves the work efficiency and safety, reduces the tediousness of manual operation, and reduces the labor intensity of the staff.

[0013] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: a shock-absorbing gasket (58) is disposed on one side of the blade (52); the shock-absorbing gasket (58) is made of food-grade rubber; a plurality of striped protrusions are disposed on the shock-absorbing gasket (58); the plurality of striped protrusions are evenly distributed along the shock-absorbing gasket (58); and the striped protrusions are relatively soft; the shock-absorbing gasket (58) can significantly absorb the impact force and vibration energy generated when fruits and vegetables fall and hit the blade (52); the soft design of the striped protrusions further enhances the shock-absorbing effect of the shock-absorbing gasket (58), thereby ensuring that the fruits and vegetables can fall smoothly into the defective product collection basket (47) when they fall.

[0014] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that universal wheels (59) are fixedly mounted around the bottom of the base plate (54), the universal wheels (59) are silent universal wheels (59), and the universal wheels (59) can be locked; when in use, the universal wheels (59) can be easily moved without causing damage or deformation of the wheels, and various complex movement requirements can be easily met, the direction of travel can be changed at will, and complex roads can be easily passed, so that the wheels are more stable during operation and the noise is minimized; The funnel-shaped structure of the top opening of the defective fruit collection basket (47) can facilitate the defective fruits and vegetables to fall into the collection basket (3), thus preventing the fruits and vegetables from being left behind; The edge of the delivery opening (53) is an arc-shaped structure, and a rubber gasket is arranged on the edge of the delivery opening (53), which can protect the fruits and prevent them from being damaged by bumps during delivery; The defective product collection basket (47) is filled with foam crumbs and sponge crumbs, and the foam crumbs and sponge crumbs have multiple layers. The multiple layers of foam crumbs and the multiple layers of sponge crumbs are arranged in a staggered manner to form a multiple buffer layer, which effectively absorbs impact force and reduces damage caused by collision and squeezing of items during transportation or storage, thereby providing more comprehensive protection for fruits and vegetables. The sponge crumbs can absorb liquid exuded from the surface of the defective fruits and vegetables, keeping the surface of the fruits and vegetables dry and preventing them from rotting, thereby facilitating subsequent storage. An L-shaped shock-absorbing pad is disposed at the bottom of the defective product collection basket (47), and is located at the four corners of the bottom of the defective product collection basket (47). The L-shaped shock-absorbing pad is designed with a sponge material and can effectively absorb and disperse impact force, thereby reducing damage to the collection basket (3) and the items inside thereof caused by external forces such as collision and vibration; The blade (52) fits in with the defective product collection basket (47), the thickness of the blade (52) gradually increases from one side close to the rotating gear (51) to the other side, the height of the blade (52) is greater than the height of the delivery port (53), and the length of the blade (52) is greater than half the length of the delivery port (53). The thicker part can withstand greater pressure and impact force, so that the blade (52) rotates more smoothly, reduces vibration and noise, thereby protecting the overall structure of the blade (52) and the collection basket (3) and extending the service life; The design of a rubber sheet disposed on one side of the blade (52) can form a buffer when the blade (52) is closed, absorb and disperse the impact force, reduce the collision between the blades (52), and at the same time improve the sealing performance of the blade (52) on the delivery port (53); The telescopic rod (38) can be extended and retracted to tilt the defective product collection basket (47) to a certain angle, and the driving motor (48) drives the rotating gear (51) to mesh and rotate to open the blades (52), so that the fruits can be discharged from the defective product collection basket (47). The need for manual intervention is reduced, and the tilt angle of the collection basket (3) can be accurately controlled to meet the needs of discharging fruits of different types and quantities.

[0015] It should be noted that the defective product collection and unloading basket needs to be installed on the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line for use; The present invention also relates to a fruit logistics sorting line, comprising a main transmission structure, a secondary transmission structure, a detection and sorting structure and a weight sorting structure. It is characterized in that a plurality of the detection and sorting structures are arranged equidistantly along the main transmission structure, a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures are arranged equidistantly along the main transmission structure, a plurality of the weight sorting structures correspond to a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures one-to-one, a plurality of the detection and sorting structures correspond to a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures one-to-one, the main transmission structure and the auxiliary transmission structure transmit fruits continuously and quickly, the detection and sorting structure sorts out fruits with intact skin, and the weight sorting structure divides fruits of different weights into multiple grades. The main transmission structure is composed of a main conveyor belt (13), a main conveyor belt baffle (12), a second support foot (11), a first drive motor (20), a fourth support foot (22), a first motor support plate (21) and a diverter trough (25). The main conveyor belt (13) is placed between two main conveyor belt baffles (12), and a plurality of first power rollers arranged at equal intervals are placed in the main conveyor belt (13). Both ends of the first power rollers are rotatably connected to the two main conveyor belt baffles (12) via bearings. Preferably, the top surface of the main conveyor belt baffle (12) is slightly higher than the height of the main conveyor belt (13). Preferably, the two main conveyor belt baffles (12) and the main conveyor belt (13) together constitute a main conveyor line. Preferably, the defective product collection box is placed at the end of the main conveying line. The main conveyor line is supported by two sets of second supporting legs (11), one end of the two sets of second supporting legs (11) is respectively connected to the bottom ends of two main conveyor belt baffles (12), and the other end of the second supporting legs (11) is vertically placed on the ground. Preferably, a group of the second supporting legs (11) has a plurality of them, and the plurality of the second supporting legs (11) in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the main conveying line. The first drive motor (20) is placed at the center of the first motor support plate (21) and close to one end of the main transmission line. The motor shaft of the first driving motor (20) passes through one end of one of the main transmission belt baffles and is connected to the roller shaft of one of the first power rollers. There are four fourth supporting legs (22), one end of each of the four fourth supporting legs (22) is respectively placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the first motor supporting plate (21), and the other end of each of the fourth supporting legs (22) is placed vertically on the ground. One of the main conveyor belt baffles (12) is provided with a plurality of equally spaced diversion slots (25). The auxiliary transmission structure is composed of an auxiliary conveyor belt (10), an auxiliary conveyor belt baffle (9), a connecting piece (7), a fixed shaft (8) and a limit plate (6). The auxiliary conveyor belt (10) is placed between the two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles (9). Preferably, one end of the auxiliary conveyor belt (10) corresponds to the diverter trough (25), and the auxiliary conveyor belt (10) and the main conveyor belt (13) are perpendicular to each other in the horizontal direction. Preferably, the width of the auxiliary conveyor belt (10) is greater than or equal to the length of the diverter trough (25), and the height of the auxiliary conveyor belt (10) is lower than the height of the bottom of the diverter trough (25). A plurality of second power rollers arranged at equal distances are placed in the auxiliary conveyor belt (10), and two ends of the second power rollers are rotatably connected to two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles (9) via bearings. Preferably, the top surface of the auxiliary conveyor belt baffle (9) is slightly higher than the height of the auxiliary conveyor belt (10). Preferably, the two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles (9) and the auxiliary conveyor belt (10) together constitute an auxiliary conveyor line. Preferably, a plurality of the auxiliary transmission lines are sequentially placed on one side of the main transmission line. The auxiliary conveyor line is supported by two sets of fifth supporting legs (29), one end of the two sets of fifth supporting legs (29) is respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles (9), and the other end of the fifth supporting legs (29) is vertically placed on the ground. Preferably, a group of the fifth supporting legs (29) has a plurality of them, and the plurality of the fifth supporting legs (29) in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the secondary conveying line. There are four sixth supporting legs (28), one end of each of the four sixth supporting legs (28) is respectively placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the second motor supporting plate (26), and the other end of each of the sixth supporting legs (28) is placed vertically on the ground. The second drive motor (27) is placed at the center of the second motor support plate (26) and close to one end of the auxiliary transmission line. The motor shaft of the second drive motor (27) passes through one end of one of the auxiliary transmission belt baffles and is connected to the roller shaft of one of the second power rollers. The connecting member (7) is placed at one end of the auxiliary conveyor belt baffle (9) away from the main conveyor belt (13). The connecting piece (7) is provided with a fixing hole. One end of the fixed shaft (8) is circular, and the other end of the fixed shaft (8) passes through the fixing hole and is rotatably connected to one end of the limiting plate (6). Preferably, a torsion spring (35) is disposed between the fixed shaft (8) and one end of the limiting plate (6). Preferably, the diameter of one end of the fixed shaft (8) is larger than the diameter of the fixed shaft (8). There are two limit plates (6), one end of each of the two limit plates (6) is rotatably connected to the auxiliary transmission belt baffle through a fixed shaft (8), and the other end is close to one-third of the width of the auxiliary transmission belt (10), forming an "eight" shape. Preferably, the limiting plate (6) has a smooth surface. The detection and sorting structure comprises an L-shaped connecting arm (15), a detection probe (14), a third supporting leg (18), a supporting plate (17), a cylinder (16), a fixing member (19), a push rod (23), a connecting plate (36), a telescopic rod (38), a fixing plate (37), a damper (34), a buffer plate (24) and a spring (35). One end of the L-shaped connecting arm (15) is placed on the side of another main conveyor belt baffle (12) and is located above the main conveyor belt (13), and the other end of the L-shaped connecting arm (15) is parallel to the main conveyor belt (13). The detection probe (14) is placed on the other end of the L-shaped connecting arm (15) close to the main conveyor belt (13). There are four third supporting legs (18), one end of each of the four third supporting legs (18) is placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the supporting plate (17), and the other end of each of the third supporting legs (18) is placed vertically on the ground. Preferably, the third support leg (18) and the auxiliary conveyor belt (10) are not on the same side of the main conveyor belt (13). Preferably, the height of the support plate (17) is slightly higher than the height of the main conveyor belt baffle (12). The cylinder (16) is placed on one end of the support plate (17) close to the main conveyor belt (13). A plurality of fixing members (19) are placed on both sides of the cylinder (16). Preferably, the fixing member (19) is L-shaped, one end of the fixing member (19) is connected to the cylinder (16) via screws and bolts, and the other end of the fixing member (19) is connected to the support plate (17) via screws and bolts. Two push rods (23) are respectively placed on both sides of the cylinder (16). One end of the push rod (23) is movably connected to the cylinder (16), and the other end of the push rod (23) is connected to the connecting plate (36). Four telescopic rods (38) are placed on the connecting plate (36), and the telescopic rods (38) are connected to the connecting plate (36) via a fixing plate (37). The damper (34) is movably mounted on the telescopic rod (38), one end of the damper (34) is connected to the buffer plate (24), the spring (35) is telescopically mounted on the telescopic rod (38), the other end of the damper (34) is connected to one end of the spring (35), and the other end of the spring (35) is connected to the fixing plate (37). Preferably, the buffer plate (24) and the connecting plate (36) are parallel to each other. Preferably, the buffer plate (24) is an arc-shaped plate, and the convex surface is connected to the damper (34), and the buffer plate (24) is provided with uniformly arranged rubber protrusions. The weight sorting structure comprises a table top (2), a first supporting leg (1), a collecting basket (3), a second rotating motor (40), a rotating disk (30), a partition plate (5), a weight detector (41), a connecting block (33), a first rotating motor (32), a rotating shaft (39), a dial plate (31) and an arc-shaped baffle plate (4). The table top (2) is supported by a first supporting leg (1), one end of the first supporting leg (1) is respectively connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the table top (2), and the other end of the first supporting leg (1) is vertically placed on the ground. Preferably, the length of the table (2) is smaller than the distance between adjacent diversion grooves (25). A plurality of collection baskets (3) are detachably placed on the table (2). Preferably, the collection basket (3) is fan-shaped, and the central angle of the collection basket (3) is less than 90 degrees. The second rotating motor (40) is placed on the table (2) and is located on one side of the inner arc of the collection basket (3). The motor shaft of the second rotating motor (40) is connected to the center of the rotating disk (30). Preferably, the radius of the rotating disk (30) is equal to the inner ring radius of the collecting basket (3). Preferably, the height of the rotating disk (30) is equal to or slightly higher than the height of the collecting basket (3). Preferably, a support (44) for supporting the turntable (30) is disposed on the tabletop (2), one end of the support (44) is fixedly connected to the tabletop (2), and a roller (43) is disposed on the other end of the support (44), the roller (43) is connected to the support (44) via a roller connecting member (42), the roller (43) is in contact with an edge of the bottom surface of the turntable (30), and the number of the support (44) is greater than or equal to 2. A plurality of partition plates (5) are placed on the rotating disk (30). Preferably, the plurality of partition plates (5) divide the rotating disk (30) into a plurality of partition areas, and the number of the partition areas is equal to the number of the collecting baskets (3). A plurality of weight detectors (41) are respectively placed in a plurality of separated areas. Preferably, the weight detector (41) corresponds to the separation area one by one. Preferably, the weight detector (41) is a micro precision electronic scale, and the weighing surface of the weight detector (41) is flush with the bottom surface of the separation area. One side of the connection block (33) is connected to the partition plate (5), and a through hole is formed in the middle of the connection block (33). The first rotating motor (32) is placed at the bottom of one end of the partition plate (5). Preferably, the first rotating motor (32) and the connecting block (33) are in the same vertical position. One end of the rotating shaft (39) is rotatably connected to the first rotating motor (32), and the other end of the rotating shaft (39) passes through a through hole on the connecting block (33) and is connected to one end of the shifting plate (31). Preferably, one end of the dial plate (31) is concave, and the concave portion corresponds to the connecting block (33). Preferably, the length of the dial plate (31) is smaller than the length of the partition plate (5), and the height of the dial plate (31) is smaller than the height of the partition plate (5). One end of the arc-shaped baffle (4) is connected to one-half of the long side of the dial plate (31), and the other end of the arc-shaped baffle (4) is close to the weight detector (41). Preferably, a bubble column cushion (46) is disposed on the inner side of the collection basket (3), and the collection basket (3) is filled with clean water, the volume of the clean water being one half of the volume of the collection basket (3). The melon and fruit logistics sorting line also includes a melon and fruit logistics sorting system, which includes a signal converter, a data processor and a controller. The signal converter is placed on a side of the main conveyor belt baffle (12), the data processor is placed on a side of the main conveyor belt baffle (12), and the controller is placed on a side of the main conveyor belt baffle (12). The detection probe (14) and the weight detector (41) are connected to the signal converter via data lines, respectively. The cylinder (16), the first drive motor (20), the second drive motor (27), the first rotating motor (32) and the second rotating motor (40) are respectively connected to the controller via data transmission lines. The signal converter is connected to the data processor via a data transmission line, and the data processor is connected to the controller via a data transmission line. The signal converter is capable of converting the image data collected by the detection probe (14) and the weight data collected by the weight detector (41) into digital signals. The controller can be implemented by one or at least two application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of the data processing device. The data processor and the signal converter perform information exchange, When the fruit logistics sorting system is executed, the following steps are mainly implemented: Before sorting the fruits and vegetables, the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting system presets in advance the grade of the fruits and vegetables corresponding to each collection basket (3), for example, collection basket No. 1 (3) corresponds to apples with a net weight of less than 100 grams, collection basket No. 2 (3) corresponds to apples with a net weight of more than 100 grams and less than 200 grams, collection basket No. 3 (3) corresponds to apples with a net weight of more than 200 grams and less than 300 grams, and collection basket No. 4 (3) corresponds to apples with a net weight of more than 300 grams. In the process of sorting fruits and vegetables, the fruits and vegetables are transported to the main conveyor belt (13) at intervals. The controller controls the first drive motor (20) and the second drive motor (27) to start. The first drive motor (20) drives the first main roller to rotate. The first main roller drives the first slave roller to rotate, so that the fruits and vegetables are wrapped on the main conveyor belt (13) for transportation. The second drive motor (27) drives the second main roller to rotate. The second main roller drives the second slave roller to rotate, so that the secondary conveyor belt (10) can run smoothly. The detection probe (14) collects image data of the fruits and vegetables on the main conveyor belt (13), and sends the collected image data signal to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the digital signal of the received image data. First, the image is segmented from the target and background, and the color features in the image are captured through the color histogram, which is then normalized to reflect the color information of the fruits in the image. A color threshold is set based on the color histogram of normal fruits. If the color histogram of a certain area in the image differs from that of normal fruits by more than the threshold, there may be defects. The image is then preprocessed by graying, denoising, and contrast enhancement, and a grayscale co-occurrence matrix is ​​constructed based on the grayscale image. The matrix reflects the texture information of the fruits in the image, such as roughness and smoothness. A texture threshold is set based on the texture features of normal fruits. If the texture features of a certain area in the image differ from those of normal fruits by more than the threshold, there may be defects. According to the result of the above-mentioned defect detection, the fruit is classified as good or bad, and the information is output to the controller. When the fruit is bad, the fruit is continuously conveyed forward along the main conveyor belt (13) to the end of the main conveyor belt (13) and falls into the defective product collection box for subsequent processing. When the fruit is good, an execution instruction is sent to the control background, and the control background controls the cylinder (16) to start, the cylinder (16) drives the push rod (23) to extend, and the push rod (23) drives the buffer plate (24) to push the fruit and vegetable onto the auxiliary conveyor belt (10), and the fruit and vegetable are conveyed along the auxiliary conveyor belt, pass through the limit plate (6), and fall onto the weight detector (41) on the turntable (30). The weight detector (41) detects and collects the net weight of the fruits and vegetables, and sends the collected weight data signal to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received weight data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the received digital signal of the weight data, compares the weight data with the preset grade of the fruits and vegetables, and finds the collection basket (3) corresponding to the fruits and vegetables. When the fruits and vegetables reach the corresponding collection basket (3), the first rotating motor (32) drives the shifting plate (31) to rotate, and the fruits and vegetables on the weight detector (41) are shifted into the corresponding collection basket (3), thereby effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of sorting.

[0016] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that an anti-skid pad (45) is disposed on the buffer plate (24), the anti-skid pad (45) is disposed on one side of the buffer plate (24), the anti-skid pad (45) is made of rubber, and the edge of the anti-skid pad (45) is connected to the edge of the buffer plate (24); when in use, the friction force with the surface of the fruits and vegetables can be increased, effectively preventing the fruits and vegetables from sliding or shifting due to vibration or other factors during the transmission process, and is conducive to maintaining the stability and integrity of the fruits and vegetables.

[0017] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: the collection basket (3) is provided with a built-in buffer pad (46), the buffer pad (46) is placed on the inner bottom surface of the collection basket (3), the buffer pad (46) is made of rubber, and the edge of the buffer pad (46) is connected to the edge of the inner bottom surface of the collection basket (3); when in use, a soft support layer can be provided to keep the fruits and vegetables in the collection basket (3) stable, thereby preventing them from being damaged by mutual collision; when the collection basket (3) is subjected to external impact, the impact energy can be quickly absorbed and dispersed, effectively reducing direct contact and collision between the fruits and vegetables and the bottom of the collection basket (3), thereby reducing the risk of the fruits and vegetables being broken due to vibration; The top surface of the main conveyor belt baffle (12) is designed to be slightly higher than the height of the main conveyor belt (13), ensuring that the fruits and vegetables can be confined within the conveyor belt when rolling due to speed or vibration, thereby maintaining stable transportation of the fruits and vegetables; The connecting member (7) is provided with a fixing hole, one end of the fixing shaft (8) is circular, and the diameter of one end of the fixing shaft (8) is larger than the diameter of the fixing shaft (8), so that more stable support and fixation can be provided, and the connecting member (7) is not easily displaced or dropped off when subjected to external force, thereby enhancing the stability of the limiting plate (6); There are two limit plates (6), one end of each of the two limit plates (6) is rotatably connected to the auxiliary transmission belt baffle through a fixed shaft (8), and the other end is close to one-third of the width of the auxiliary conveyor belt (10), forming an "eight" design, which can meet the sorting needs of fruits and vegetables of different types and sizes, provide appropriate drainage for the fruits on both sides of the auxiliary conveyor belt (10), and make them slide smoothly along the limit plates (6) onto the weight detector (41), thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the system; The collecting basket (3) is fan-shaped, and the central angle of the collecting basket (3) is designed to be less than 90 degrees, so that fruits and vegetables can easily reach each collecting basket (3) through the rotating disk (30), which is convenient for sorting, inspection and retrieval, thereby improving work efficiency; A support (44) for supporting the turntable (30) is disposed on the tabletop (2); one end of the support (44) is fixedly connected to the tabletop (2); a roller (43) is disposed on the other end of the support (44); the roller (43) is connected to the support (44) via a roller connector (42); the roller (43) is designed to be in contact with the bottom edge of the turntable (30), so that the turntable (30) can move and rotate horizontally on the tabletop (2), thereby increasing the flexibility and convenience of operation, making the turntable (30) more stable when moving, reducing accidental tipping or sliding due to improper operation, and enhancing work safety; A plurality of weight detectors (41) are respectively placed in a plurality of separation areas. The one-to-one correspondence between the weight detectors (41) and the separation areas enables rapid classification according to the weight data and the preset weight grade standard, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire processing flow and reducing the influence of human factors on the classification results. The length of the paddle plate (31) is less than the length of the partition plate (5), and the height of the paddle plate (31) is less than the height of the partition plate (5), so that the paddle plate (31) can accurately locate the fruits and vegetables when rotating, and accurately paddle them into the collection basket (3), and it helps to avoid excessive friction with the partition plate (5) during the paddle process, thereby maintaining the smoothness and accuracy of the paddle; One end of the arc-shaped baffle plate (4) is connected to one-half of the long side of the shifting plate (31), and the other end of the arc-shaped baffle plate (4) is close to the weight detector (41), which can reduce the impact force and make the fruits and vegetables slide more stably, thereby reducing the risk of rolling into the wrong partition; The inner side of the collection basket (3) is provided with a bubble column cushion (46), and the collection basket (3) is filled with clean water. The volume of the clean water is designed to be half of the volume of the collection basket (3). The bubble column cushion (46) can effectively absorb and buffer external impact force, and the clean water can provide a certain buoyancy, thereby reducing direct contact between fruits and vegetables, and further reducing the risk of extrusion damage; The damper (34), the telescopic rod (38) and the spring (35) are designed to cooperate with each other. The spring (35) absorbs and stores impact energy through its elastic deformation, and the damper (34) reduces the vibration amplitude by consuming energy. This can more effectively reduce the impact and vibration of fruits and vegetables during the transportation process. By changing parameters such as the length of the telescopic rod (38), the stiffness of the spring (35) and the damping characteristics of the damper (34), it is possible to meet the shock absorption requirements of fruits and vegetables of different weights, shapes and sizes. The purpose is to be able to continuously and quickly transport fruits and vegetables through the main transport structure and the auxiliary transport structure, to sort out fruits and vegetables with intact skins through the detection and sorting structure, and to classify fruits and vegetables of different weights into multiple grades through the weight sorting structure and sort them into different collection baskets (3).

[0018] After considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will easily think of other similar embodiments of the present invention. This application is intended to cover any modified uses or adaptive changes of the present invention. These modifications or uses, applicability changes follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the technical field that are not disclosed in the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the specific implementation mode of the present invention describes the data processing process of the controller as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited to the described actions, because according to the present invention, certain steps can be performed sequentially or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the actions described and involved in the specification are not necessarily required by the present invention. The described contents are only preferred implementation cases of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation modes and application scopes. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A defective product collection and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line, characterized by: The invention is composed of a defective product collection basket, a driving motor, a fixing plate, a fastener, a rotating gear, a blade, a delivery port, a bottom plate, a first hinge, a telescopic rod and a second hinge. The defective product collection basket is a rectangular parallelepiped structure without a cover and a square bottom surface. A delivery port is provided on one side of the defective product collection basket. The tops of the two side surfaces of the defective product collection basket adjacent to the delivery port and away from the delivery port are respectively provided with second hinges. The bottom plate is placed at the bottom of the defective product collection basket. Four first hinges are arranged on the bottom plate. The four first hinges are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom plate. The two first hinges close to the delivery port are hinged to the defective product collection basket. The electric telescopic rod is placed on the side where the second hinge of the defective product collection basket is located. One end of the electric telescopic rod is hinged to the second hinge, and the other end of the electric telescopic rod is hinged to the first hinge away from the delivery port. The driving motor is placed at the inner top end of the defective product collection basket and is located above the delivery port. The fixed plate is placed at the outer top end of the defective product collection box and corresponds to the driving motor. The driving motor is connected to the fixed plate through a fastener, two rotating gears are placed on one side of the fixed plate, and the two rotating gears are meshed with each other. The motor shaft of the driving motor passes through the through holes opened in the defective product collection basket and the fixed plate and is connected to the axle of one of the rotating gears. A bearing is placed between the motor shaft of the driving motor and the defective product collection basket and the fixed plate, and one end of the two blades is respectively connected to the two rotating gears.

2. The defective product collection and unloading basket for fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 1 is characterized in that A shock-absorbing gasket is arranged on one side of the blade. The shock-absorbing gasket is made of food-grade rubber. A plurality of striped protrusions are arranged on the shock-absorbing gasket. The plurality of striped protrusions are evenly distributed along the shock-absorbing gasket. The striped protrusions are relatively soft.

3. The defective product collection and unloading basket for fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 1 is characterized in that Universal wheels are fixedly installed around the bottom of the base plate. The universal wheels are silent universal wheels and can be locked.

4. A defective product collection and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 1, characterized in that The funnel-shaped structure of the top opening of the defective fruit collection basket can facilitate the defective fruits and vegetables to fall into the collection basket, thus preventing the fruits and vegetables from being left behind.

5. The defective product collection and unloading basket for fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 1 is characterized in that The height of the delivery port is smaller than the height of the defective product collection basket, the width of the delivery port is smaller than the width of the defective product collection basket, the edge of the delivery port is an arc-shaped structure, and a rubber gasket is provided on the edge of the delivery port, which can protect the fruits and prevent them from being damaged by bumps during delivery.

6. A defective product collection and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 4, characterized in that The defective product collection basket is filled with foam crumbs and sponge crumbs, which have multiple layers. The multiple layers of foam crumbs and the multiple layers of sponge crumbs are staggered with each other to form a multi-layer buffer layer, which effectively absorbs impact force and reduces damage caused by collision and squeezing during transportation or storage of items, providing more comprehensive protection for fruits and vegetables. The sponge crumbs can absorb exudate on the surface of defective fruits and vegetables, keep the surface of fruits and vegetables dry, prevent them from rotting, and facilitate subsequent storage.

7. A defective product collection and unloading basket for a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 6, characterized in that A plurality of L-shaped shock-absorbing pads are arranged at the bottom of the defective product collection basket, and are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the defective product collection basket. The L-shaped shock-absorbing pads are made of sponge material, which can effectively absorb and disperse impact force, and reduce damage to the collection basket and its internal items caused by external forces such as collision and vibration.

8. The defective product collection and unloading basket for fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 1 is characterized in that The area of ​​the bottom plate is larger than the bottom area of ​​the defective product collecting basket, and the surface of the bottom plate is smooth.

9. The defective product collection and unloading basket for fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line according to claim 1 is characterized in that The blades are fitted with the defective product collection basket, and one side edge of the two blades are fitted correspondingly to form a blockage on the delivery port. The thickness of the blades gradually increases from the side close to the rotating gear to the other side. The height of the blades is greater than the height of the delivery port, and the length of the blades is greater than half the length of the delivery port. The thicker part can withstand greater pressure and impact force, so that the blades are more stable when rotating, reducing vibration and noise, thereby protecting the overall structure of the blades and the collection basket and extending the service life; a rubber sheet is placed on one side of the blade, which can form a buffer when the blade is closed, absorb and disperse the impact force, reduce the collision between the blades, and at the same time improve the sealing property of the blade to the delivery port.

10. The defective product collection and unloading basket for the fruit logistics sorting line according to claim 1, characterized in that The fruit logistics sorting line includes a main transmission structure, an auxiliary transmission structure, a detection and sorting structure and a weight sorting structure. A plurality of the detection and sorting structures are arranged equidistantly along the main transmission structure, a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures are arranged equidistantly along the main transmission structure, a plurality of the weight sorting structures correspond to a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures one-to-one, a plurality of the detection and sorting structures correspond to a plurality of the auxiliary transmission structures one-to-one, the main transmission structure and the auxiliary transmission structure continuously and quickly transmit fruits and vegetables, the detection and sorting structure sorts out fruits and vegetables with intact skins, the weight sorting structure divides fruits and vegetables of different weights into multiple grades, the main transmission structure consists of a main conveyor belt, a main conveyor belt baffle, a second support foot, a first drive motor, a fourth support foot, a first motor support plate and a sorting mechanism. The main conveyor belt is arranged between two main conveyor belt baffles, and a plurality of first power rollers arranged equidistantly are arranged in the main conveyor belt. Both ends of the first power roller are rotatably connected to the two main conveyor belt baffles through bearings, and the top surface of the main conveyor belt baffle is slightly higher than the height of the main conveyor belt. The two main conveyor belt baffles and the main conveyor belt together constitute a main conveyor line. A defective product collection box is placed at the end of the main conveyor line. The main conveyor line is supported by two groups of second supporting feet. One end of the two groups of second supporting feet is connected to the bottom ends of the two main conveyor belt baffles, respectively, and the other end of the second supporting feet is vertically placed on the ground. A group of second supporting feet has a plurality of second supporting feet, and the plurality of second supporting feet in the same group are equidistantly arranged along the main conveyor line. A driving motor is placed at the center of the first motor support plate and close to one end of the main transmission line. The motor shaft of the first driving motor passes through one end of one of the main transmission belt baffles and is connected to the roller of one of the first power rollers. There are four fourth supporting feet, and one end of the four fourth supporting feet is respectively placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the first motor support plate, and the other end of the fourth supporting foot is vertically placed on the ground. A plurality of equally spaced diversion grooves are opened on one of the main conveyor belt baffles. The auxiliary transmission structure consists of an auxiliary conveyor belt, an auxiliary conveyor belt baffle, a connecting piece, a fixed shaft and a limiting plate. The auxiliary conveyor belt is placed between two of the auxiliary conveyor belt baffles, and one end of the auxiliary conveyor belt corresponds to the diversion groove. The auxiliary conveyor belt and the main conveyor belt are perpendicular to each other in the horizontal direction. , the width of the auxiliary conveyor belt is greater than or equal to the length of the diverter trough, the height of the auxiliary conveyor belt is lower than the height of the bottom of the diverter trough, and multiple equally spaced second power rollers are placed in the auxiliary conveyor belt, and the two ends of the second power rollers are rotatably connected to the two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles through bearings, and the top surface of the auxiliary conveyor belt baffle is slightly higher than the height of the auxiliary conveyor belt. The two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles and the auxiliary conveyor belt together constitute a secondary conveyor line, and multiple auxiliary conveyor lines are sequentially placed on one side of the main conveyor line. The auxiliary conveyor line is supported by two groups of fifth supporting feet, and one end of the two groups of fifth supporting feet are respectively connected to the bottom ends of the two auxiliary conveyor belt baffles, and the other end of the fifth supporting feet is vertically placed on the ground. A group of fifth supporting feet has multiple,The plurality of fifth supporting legs in the same group are arranged equidistantly along the secondary transmission line, and there are four sixth supporting legs, one end of each of the four sixth supporting legs is respectively placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the second motor support plate, and the other end of the sixth supporting leg is placed vertically on the ground, and the second driving motor is placed at the center of the second motor support plate and close to one end of the secondary transmission line, and the motor shaft of the second driving motor passes through one end of one of the secondary transmission belt baffles and is connected to the roller shaft of one of the second power rollers, and a connecting member is placed at the end of the secondary transmission belt baffle away from the main conveyor belt, and a fixing hole is provided on the connecting member, and one end of the fixing shaft is circular, and the other end of the fixing shaft passes through the fixing hole and is rotatably connected to one end of the limiting plate, and a torsion spring is placed between the fixing shaft and one end of the limiting plate, and the The diameter of one end of the fixed shaft is larger than the diameter of the fixed shaft body. There are two limit plates. One end of the two limit plates is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft and the auxiliary transmission belt baffle through the fixed shaft and the other end is close to one-third of the wide side of the auxiliary conveyor belt to form an "eight" shape. The surface of the limit plate is smooth. The detection and sorting structure consists of an L-shaped connecting arm, a detection probe, a third supporting foot, a support plate, a cylinder, a fixing part, a push rod, a connecting plate, a telescopic rod, a fixing plate, a damper, a buffer plate and a spring. One end of the L-shaped connecting arm is placed on the side of the other main conveyor belt baffle and is located above the main conveyor belt. The other end of the L-shaped connecting arm is parallel to the main conveyor belt. The detection probe is placed on the other end of the L-shaped connecting arm close to the side of the main conveyor belt. There are four third supporting feet. One end of the supporting foot is respectively placed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the supporting plate, and the other end of the third supporting foot is vertically placed on the ground. The third supporting foot and the auxiliary conveyor belt are not on the same side of the main conveyor belt. The height of the supporting plate is slightly higher than the height of the main conveyor belt baffle. The cylinder is placed at one end of the supporting plate close to the main conveyor belt, and multiple fixings are placed on both sides of the cylinder. The fixing is L-shaped, and one end of the fixing is connected to the cylinder by screws and bolts, and the other end of the fixing is connected to the supporting plate by screws and bolts. Two push rods are respectively placed on both sides of the cylinder, one end of the push rod is movably connected to the cylinder, and the other end of the push rod is connected to the connecting plate. Four telescopic rods are placed on the connecting plate, and the telescopic rods are connected to the connecting plate by a fixing plate. The damper can be movably connected. The cam is movably mounted on the telescopic rod, one end of the damper is connected to the buffer plate, the spring is telescopically mounted on the telescopic rod, the other end of the damper is connected to one end of the spring, the other end of the spring is connected to the fixing plate, the buffer plate and the connecting plate are parallel to each other, the buffer plate is an arc-shaped plate, and the raised surface is connected to the damper, and the buffer plate is provided with uniformly arranged rubber protrusions, the weight sorting structure is composed of a table, a first supporting foot, a collecting basket, a second rotating motor, a turntable, a partition plate, a weight detector, a connecting block, a first rotating motor, a rotating shaft, a dial plate and an arc baffle, the table is supported by a first supporting foot, one end of the first supporting foot is respectively connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the table, and the other end of the first supporting foot is vertically placed on the ground,The length of the table top is smaller than the distance between adjacent diversion slots, and a plurality of collecting baskets are detachably placed on the table top. The collecting basket is fan-shaped, and the central angle of the collecting basket is smaller than 90 degrees. The second rotating motor is placed on the table top and is located on one side of the inner arc of the collecting basket. The motor shaft of the second rotating motor is connected to the center of the turntable. The radius of the turntable is equal to the inner ring radius of the collecting basket. The height of the turntable is equal to or slightly higher than the height of the collecting basket. A pillar for supporting the turntable is placed on the table top, and one end of the pillar is fixedly connected to the table top. A roller is placed on the other end of the pillar. The roller is connected to the pillar through a roller connector, and the roller is in contact with the edge of the bottom surface of the turntable. The number of the pillars is greater than or equal to 2, and a plurality of partition plates are placed on the turntable. On the top, multiple partition plates divide the turntable into multiple partition areas, the number of the partition areas is equal to the number of collecting baskets, multiple weight detectors are respectively placed in the multiple partition areas, the weight detectors and the partition areas correspond one to one, one side of the connecting block is connected to the partition plate, a through hole is opened in the middle of the connecting block, the first rotating motor is placed at the bottom of one end of the partition plate, the first rotating motor and the connecting block are in the same vertical position, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the first rotating motor, the other end of the rotating shaft passes through the through hole on the connecting block and is connected to one end of the dial plate, one end of the dial plate is concave, the concave part corresponds to the connecting block, the length of the dial plate is less than the length of the partition plate, and the height of the dial plate is less than the height of the partition plate The height of the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line is that one end of the arc-shaped baffle is connected to one-half of the long side of the paddle plate, and the other end of the arc-shaped baffle is close to the weight detector. A bubble column cushion is arranged on the inner side of the collection basket, and the collection basket is filled with clean water, and the volume of the clean water is one-half of the volume of the collection basket. The fruit and vegetable logistics sorting line also includes a fruit and vegetable logistics sorting system, and the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting system includes a signal converter, a data processor and a controller. The signal converter is arranged on the side of the main conveyor belt baffle, the data processor is arranged on the side of the main conveyor belt baffle, and the controller is arranged on the side of the main conveyor belt baffle. The detection probe and the weight detector are respectively connected to the signal converter through a data line, and the cylinder , the first drive motor, the second drive motor, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor are respectively connected to the controller through data transmission lines, the signal converter is connected to the data processor through the data transmission line, the data processor is connected to the controller through the data transmission line, the signal converter can convert the image data collected by the detection probe and the weight data collected by the weight detector into digital signals, the controller can be implemented by one or at least two application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components for executing instructions of the data processing device,The data processor and the signal converter exchange information, and the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting system mainly implements the following steps when it is executed: before sorting fruits and vegetables, the fruit and vegetable logistics sorting system presets the grade of fruits and vegetables corresponding to each collection basket in advance. For example, collection basket No. 1 corresponds to apples with a net weight less than 100 grams, collection basket No. 2 corresponds to apples with a net weight greater than 100 grams and less than 200 grams, collection basket No. 3 corresponds to apples with a net weight greater than 200 grams and less than 300 grams, and collection basket No. 4 corresponds to apples with a net weight greater than 300 grams. In the process of sorting fruits and vegetables, the fruits and vegetables are transported to the main conveyor belt at intervals, the controller controls the first drive motor and the second drive motor to start, the first drive motor drives the first main roller to rotate, and the first main roller drives The first slave roller is driven to rotate, so that the fruits and vegetables are wrapped on the main conveyor belt for transmission, the second driving motor drives the second main roller to rotate, and the second main roller drives the second slave roller to rotate, so that the secondary conveyor belt can run smoothly, the detection probe collects image data of the fruits and vegetables on the main conveyor belt, and sends the collected image data signal to the signal converter, the signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received image data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor, the data processor processes the digital signal of the received image data, firstly segments the image from the target and the background, captures the color features in the image through the color histogram, and only normalizes it to reflect the color information of the fruits in the image, according to the color histogram of normal fruits Figure, set the color threshold, if the color histogram of a certain area in the image and the color histogram of normal fruits and vegetables differ by more than the threshold, there may be defects, then the image is preprocessed by graying, denoising, contrast enhancement, etc., and a grayscale co-occurrence matrix is ​​constructed based on the grayscale image. The matrix reflects the texture information of the fruits in the image, such as roughness, smoothness, etc. According to the texture characteristics of normal fruits and vegetables, a texture threshold is set. If the texture characteristics of a certain area in the image and the texture characteristics of normal fruits and vegetables differ by more than the threshold, there may be defects. According to the results of the above defect detection, the fruit is classified as good or bad, and the information is output to the controller. When the fruit is bad, the fruit continues to be transported forward along the main conveyor belt to the end of the main conveyor belt and falls to the defective part. The fruits and vegetables are then sent to the collection box for subsequent processing. When the fruits and vegetables are good products, an execution instruction is sent to the control background. The control background controls the cylinder to start, and the cylinder drives the push rod to extend. The push rod drives the buffer plate to push the fruits and vegetables onto the auxiliary conveyor belt, and the fruits and vegetables are transported along the auxiliary transmission belt, pass through the limit plate, and fall to the weight detector on the turntable. The weight detector detects and collects the net weight of the fruits and vegetables, and sends the collected weight data signal to the signal converter. The signal converter converts the electrical signal of the received weight data signal into a digital signal and sends it to the data processor. The data processor processes the digital signal of the received weight data, compares the weight data with the preset grade of fruits and vegetables, and finds the collection basket corresponding to the fruits and vegetables.When the fruits and vegetables reach the corresponding collection basket, the first rotating motor drives the pick plate to rotate, and the fruits and vegetables on the weight detector are picked up into the corresponding collection basket, which effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of sorting.

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