Automatic optical cable winding and unwinding device for coal mine driving working face

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal mine driving face optical cable automatic take-up and pay-off device, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine equipment. Comprising a supporting frame, a first optical cable winding roller, a second optical cable winding roller, an optical cable pay-off length measuring mechanism, an optical cable tension measuring mechanism, an optical cable breakpoint detecting mechanism, a power mechanism, a control mechanism, an audible and visual alarm and an anti-explosion power source. The invention provides the device which can realize automatic winding and unwinding operation of the optical cable and can measure the unwinding length, the optical cable tension and the optical cable breakpoint of the optical cable in real time, so that the optical cable can be prevented from being broken to the greatest extent, and the automation and intelligence degrees of the device are improved; and the requirements of high safety and high efficiency on optical cable laying in a complex environment of a coal mine driving working face can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine equipment, and in particular to an automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for a coal mine excavation working face. Background Art

[0002] As the depth and scale of coal mining continue to expand, the demand for communication and monitoring inside the mine has increased dramatically. As a key communication transmission medium, optical cables are increasingly used in coal mining operations. However, the environment of coal mining working faces is complex and changeable, and traditional optical cable laying methods have many problems, which can easily lead to optical cable breakage, communication interruption, and even safety accidents, posing a major safety hazard.

[0003] In view of the complex environment of the coal mine excavation working face, the mined coal needs to be transported out by belts and other equipment. In most coal mines, the self-moving machine tail works in conjunction with the belt conveyor. Although this improves the efficiency of coal transportation, a sudden pulling force may occur when the self-moving machine tail moves toward the excavation working face, causing the optical cable connecting the self-moving machine tail centralized control center with the outside world to be easily torn off. At the same time, the existing cable release device usually adopts a drum-type winding optical cable design. When the self-moving machine tail moves, the optical cable is forced to rotate along the drum and release. The optical cable lock fixed on the side roadway will increase the tension of the optical cable, further increasing the risk of the optical cable being torn off. In such an environment, the optical cable is easily damaged when the self-moving machine tail moves, causing the main communication equipment on the working face to fail to work properly. If the work is stopped for maintenance, the production efficiency will be greatly reduced, seriously affecting the normal production of the coal mine.

[0004] In addition, although the current optical cable laying technology relies on the combination of mechanical equipment and manual operation to a certain extent, it still has obvious shortcomings. Manual cable laying operations are not only prone to human error, resulting in optical cable breakage and communication interruption, but may also cause serious safety accidents. The degree of automation of mechanical equipment is limited, and there is a lack of automated and intelligent monitoring methods for optical cables. Therefore, the current optical cable laying method is difficult to meet the high requirements of modern coal mines for safety and automation, affecting the stable operation of the entire system.

[0005] In summary, the existing technology has not yet fully met the high safety and high efficiency requirements for laying optical cables in the complex environment of coal mine excavation working faces, and it is difficult to effectively ensure the safety and continuity of operations. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for a coal mine excavation working face, comprising a supporting frame, the supporting frame being a square frame with front and rear openings, a first optical cable winding drum being rotatably connected to the left side of the supporting frame, a second optical cable winding drum being rotatably connected to the right side of the supporting frame, the first optical cable winding drum and the second optical cable winding drum being connected via an optical fiber slip ring mechanism, an optical cable release length measuring mechanism being installed in front of the first optical cable winding drum, an optical cable tension measuring mechanism being installed behind the first optical cable winding drum, a power mechanism being installed on the left side of the optical cable release length measuring mechanism, an optical cable break point detection mechanism being installed on the right side of the optical cable release length measuring mechanism, a control mechanism, an audible and visual alarm and an explosion-proof power supply being installed on the supporting frame, and the optical cable release length measuring mechanism, the optical cable tension measuring mechanism, the optical cable break point detection mechanism, the power mechanism and the audible and visual alarm being all electrically connected to the control mechanism; The power mechanism is used to provide power for the first optical cable winding drum to retract and release the optical cable; the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism is used to measure the length of the optical cable paid out by the first optical cable winding drum in real time; the optical cable tension measuring mechanism is used to measure the tension of the optical cable paid out by the first optical cable winding drum in real time; the optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism is used to detect whether the optical cable has a breakpoint; the control mechanism is used to determine the optical cable pay-out length based on the data fed back by the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism, judge the optical cable tension based on the data fed back by the optical cable tension measuring mechanism, control the action of the power mechanism based on the optical cable tension, and judge whether the optical cable has a breakpoint based on the data fed back by the optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism; the optical fiber slip ring mechanism is used to maintain the normal transmission of signals between the first optical cable winding drum and the second optical cable winding drum; the explosion-proof power supply is used to power the entire device.

[0007] Optionally, the optical cable release length measuring mechanism includes a length measuring bracket, which is a square frame with front and rear openings. The length measuring bracket is fixedly connected to the support frame and is located in front of the first optical cable winding drum. An L-shaped support plate is fixedly connected to the intersection of the right side and the top surface of the length measuring bracket. An encoder and two center shafts are fixedly connected to the vertical part of the L-shaped support plate. The encoder is electrically connected to the control mechanism through an encoder cable. One end of the two center shafts away from the L-shaped support plate is rotatably connected to a first guide wheel and a third guide wheel respectively. One end of the encoder away from the L-shaped support plate is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and a second guide wheel is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the second guide wheel is located between the first guide wheel and the third guide wheel. The two center shafts and one end of the rotating shaft away from the L-shaped support plate are fixed after passing through the three corners of the triangular bracket respectively. The optical cable released from the first optical cable winding drum passes through the first guide wheel, the second guide wheel and the third guide wheel in sequence and then enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the optical cable tension measuring mechanism includes a tension measuring bracket, a top plate and a tension sensor. The tension measuring bracket is a square frame with front and rear openings. The tension measuring bracket is fixedly connected to the support frame and is located behind the first optical cable winding drum. The top plate is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the tension measuring bracket. Two groups of roller assemblies are symmetrically installed at the rear position of the middle part of the top plate. The tension sensor is installed in the middle of the rear side of the top plate. The roller of the tension sensor is located between the two groups of roller assemblies. The tension sensor body extends from the top plate and the top surface of the tension measuring bracket and is fixedly connected to the tension measuring bracket and the top plate. The tension sensor body is electrically connected to the control mechanism through a sensor cable. The optical cable released from the optical cable release length measuring mechanism is released in sequence after passing through a group of roller assemblies, rollers and another group of roller assemblies.

[0009] Optionally, the fiber optic slip ring mechanism includes an L-shaped support seat, a first fiber optic slip ring, a second fiber optic slip ring, a fiber optic drum and a support seat, the first fiber optic slip ring and the second fiber optic slip ring are both three-channel fiber optic slip rings, two channels are used to transmit signals, and the third channel is used to detect optical cable breakpoints, the rotor end flange of the first fiber optic slip ring is fixedly connected to the first right baffle of the first optical cable winding drum, the stator end flange of the first fiber optic slip ring is connected to the left flange of the fiber optic drum, the fiber optic drum is fixed on the support seat, the right side of the fiber optic drum is bolted to the stator end flange of the second fiber optic slip ring, the rotor end flange of the second fiber optic slip ring is bolted to the second left baffle of the second optical cable winding drum, the support seat is fixed to the horizontal part of the L-shaped support seat, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped support seat is fixedly connected to the support frame and is located at the front side of the middle part of the support frame; The first optical cable winding drum and the second optical cable winding drum are both provided with grooves, in which an optical fiber port bidirectional connection device is fixedly connected, and three optical fiber couplers are installed on the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device, and the optical cables wound on the first optical cable winding drum and the second optical cable winding drum include three-core optical fibers, and the three-core optical fibers at one end of the optical cable wound on the first optical cable winding drum are respectively inserted into the three optical fiber channels of the first optical fiber slip ring through the three optical fiber couplers and sequentially pass through its optical fiber guide assembly, rotor end and stator end, the stator end and rotor end of the second optical fiber slip ring, the three optical fiber channels of the second optical fiber slip ring, the optical fiber guide assembly, and the three optical fiber couplers of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device on the second optical cable winding drum, and then are coupled together through the optical cable external interface and wound on the second optical cable winding drum; The optical cable break point detection mechanism includes an OTDR, the vertical part of the L-shaped support seat is tilted, the OTDR is fixed to the vertical part of the L-shaped support seat, a core optical fiber disconnected between the stator ends of the first optical fiber slip ring and the second optical fiber slip ring is connected to the optical fiber input port of the OTDR, and the OTDR is electrically connected to an explosion-proof power supply.

[0010] Optionally, the power mechanism includes a motor, which is fixed on the support frame and located on the left side of the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism. The motor is electrically connected to the explosion-proof power supply and the control mechanism through a motor cable. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a driving gear. The left end of the transmission shaft of the first optical cable winding drum is fixedly connected to a driving gear, and the driving gear and the driving gear are connected by a belt drive.

[0011] Optionally, the optical cable release length measuring mechanism also includes two groups of transverse guide rollers and a round hole orienting rod, the two groups of transverse guide rollers are arranged in parallel up and down, and the two ends of the two groups of transverse guide rollers are respectively rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the length measuring bracket, the round hole orienting rod is located above the two groups of transverse guide rollers, and the two ends of the round hole orienting rod are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the length measuring bracket, and an optical cable guide hole is opened in the middle of the round hole orienting rod, and the optical cable released by the first optical cable winding drum enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism after passing through the gap between the two groups of transverse guide rollers, the optical cable guide hole, the first guide wheel, the second guide wheel and the third guide wheel in sequence.

[0012] Optionally, the two central shafts are located at both sides of the first guide wheel and the third guide wheel and are respectively fixedly connected with a first baffle and a third baffle, and the rotating shaft is located at both sides of the second guide wheel and is installed with a second baffle.

[0013] Optionally, the optical cable release length measurement mechanism also includes two groups of longitudinal roller assemblies and circular guide positioning holes, the two groups of longitudinal roller assemblies are connected to the front side of the top plate; the circular guide positioning hole is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the length measuring bracket; the optical cable released by the first optical cable winding drum passes through the third guide wheel, a group of longitudinal roller assemblies, a group of roller assemblies, rollers, another group of roller assemblies and another group of longitudinal roller assemblies in sequence and is pulled out from the circular guide positioning hole.

[0014] Optionally, the automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for the coal mine excavation working face also includes an optical cable releasing guide frame, which is fixedly connected to the front right side of the supporting frame and is used to guide the optical cable released from the second optical cable winding drum.

[0015] All the above optional technical solutions can be combined arbitrarily, and the present invention does not provide detailed descriptions of the structures after the combinations.

[0016] By means of the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By arranging structures such as a supporting frame, a first optical cable winding drum, a second optical cable winding drum, an optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism, an optical cable tension measuring mechanism, an optical cable breakpoint detecting mechanism, a power mechanism, a control mechanism, an audible and visual alarm, and an explosion-proof power supply, a device is provided that can realize automatic retraction and release of the optical cable and can measure the pay-out length of the optical cable, the tension of the optical cable, and the breakpoint of the optical cable in real time, which can avoid optical cable breakage to the greatest extent, improve the automation and intelligence of the device, can cope with the high safety and high efficiency requirements for laying optical cables in the complex environment of the coal mine excavation working face, and can effectively ensure the safety and continuity of the operation.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention at a viewing angle.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention from another viewing angle.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of the composition structure of the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the composition structure of the optical cable tension measuring mechanism in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of the first optical fiber slip ring and the second optical fiber slip ring in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first optical fiber slip ring, the second optical fiber slip ring and the L-shaped support seat in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first optical fiber slip ring and the first optical cable winding drum in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device and the first optical fiber slip ring in the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device in the present invention at a viewing angle.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device in the present invention from another perspective.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device in the present invention from another perspective.

[0029] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device and the second optical cable winding drum in the present invention.

[0030] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the OTDR and the L-shaped support base in the present invention.

[0031] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the power mechanism and the first optical cable winding drum in the present invention.

[0032] Fig.15 It is a data processing flow chart of the control mechanism in the present invention.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1-support frame, 2-control mechanism, 3-sound and light alarm, 4-explosion-proof power supply, 5-L-type support seat, 501-horizontal part, 502-vertical part, 503-bolt hole, 504-support bolt hole, 505-support seat, 506-optical fiber drum, 6-OTDR, 601-fixing component, 602-power line, 603-communication line, 7-length measurement bracket, 8-optical cable release guide frame, 9-power mechanism, 901-motor, 902-motor cable, 903-motor bolt, 904-driving gear, 905-belt, 906-driving gear, 10-first optical cable winding drum , 1001-first right baffle, 1002-rotor end bolt assembly, 1003-transmission shaft, 11-tension measurement bracket, 12-optical cable tension measurement mechanism, 1201-tension sensor body, 1202-sensor cable, 1203-top plate, 1204-top plate bolt, 1205-skating shaft, 1206-roller baffle, 1207-roller, 1208-longitudinal roller assembly, 1209-roller assembly, 1210-locking nut, 1211-spindle, 13-optical cable release length measurement mechanism, 1301-encoder cable, 1302-support plate bolt, 1303-L-type support plate, 1304-encoder, 1305-encoder bolt, 1306-third guide wheel, 1307-central axis, 1308-third baffle, 1309-first guide wheel, 1310-first baffle, 1311-triangular bracket, 1312-triangular bracket nut, 1313-second baffle, 1314-second guide wheel, 1315-lateral guide roller, 1316-round hole directional rod, 1317-round guide positioning hole, 14-first optical fiber slip ring, 1401-optical fiber channel, 1402-optical fiber guide assembly, 1403-fixed flange support, 1404-rotor end flange bolt hole, 1 405- rotor end flange, 1406- rotor end rotating support ring, 1407- stator end flange, 1408- stator end flange bolt hole, 1409- stator end fixed flange support, 1410- stator end connecting piece, 15- second optical fiber slip ring, 1501- stator end bolt hole, 1502- rotor end bolt hole, 16- wound optical cable, 17- released optical cable, 18- second optical cable winding drum, 1801- second left baffle, 1802- second transmission shaft, 2001- optical fiber port bidirectional connection device, 2002- rivet, 2003- optical fiber coupler, 2004- optical cable external interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face provided by the present invention comprises a supporting frame 1, the supporting frame 1 is a square frame with front and rear openings, a first optical cable winding drum 10 is rotatably connected to the left side of the supporting frame 1, a second optical cable winding drum 18 is rotatably connected to the right side of the supporting frame 1, the first optical cable winding drum 10 and the second optical cable winding drum 18 are connected through an optical fiber slip ring mechanism, an optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13 is installed in front of the first optical cable winding drum 10, an optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 is installed behind the first optical cable winding drum 10, a power mechanism 9 is installed on the left side of the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13, an optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism is installed on the right side of the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13, a control mechanism 2, an audible and visual alarm 3 and an explosion-proof power supply 4 are installed on the supporting frame 1, and the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13, the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, the optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism, the power mechanism 9 and the audible and visual alarm 3 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism 2; The power mechanism 9 is used to provide power for the first optical cable winding drum 10 to retract and release the optical cable; the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13 is used to measure in real time the length of the optical cable 17 paid out by the first optical cable winding drum 10; the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 is used to measure in real time the tension of the optical cable 17 paid out by the first optical cable winding drum 10; the optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism is used to detect whether a breakpoint occurs in the optical cable; the control mechanism 2 is used to determine the optical cable pay-out length based on the data fed back by the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13, judge the optical cable tension based on the data fed back by the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, control the action of the power mechanism 9 based on the optical cable tension, and judge whether there is a breakpoint in the optical cable based on the data fed back by the optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism; the optical fiber slip ring mechanism is used to maintain normal transmission of signals between the first optical cable winding drum 10 and the second optical cable winding drum 18; the explosion-proof power supply 4 is used to power the entire device.

[0036] The first optical cable winding drum 10 includes a first transmission shaft 1003, a first left baffle, a first right baffle 1001 and a first cable winding roller, wherein the first left baffle and the first right baffle 1001 are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the first cable winding roller, the first cable winding roller is a hollow structure, and the left side of the first cable winding roller is concentrically fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 1003. The second optical cable winding drum 18 includes a second transmission shaft 1802, a second left baffle 1801, a second right baffle and a second cable winding roller, wherein the second left baffle 1801 and the second right baffle are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the second cable winding roller, and the second transmission shaft 1802 is concentrically fixedly fixed to the right side of the second cable winding roller.

[0037] When the automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face provided by the embodiment of the present invention is in use, the optical cable 17 released by the first optical cable winding drum 10 is first measured for the released length of the optical cable by the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13, and the length measurement data is sent to the control mechanism 2. Then, the released optical cable 17 enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 from the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13, and the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 measures the tension of the released optical cable 17 and sends the tension measurement data to the control mechanism 2. During the optical cable release process, the optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism detects in real time whether the optical cable has a breakpoint, and sends the breakpoint detection data to the control mechanism 2. The control mechanism 2 performs a threshold judgment on the length measurement data fed back by the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13 to determine whether it is necessary to remind the staff to replace the optical cable. The control mechanism 2 judges the tension measurement data fed back by the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, and controls the power mechanism 9 to adjust according to the tension measurement data sent back by the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, to ensure that the optical cable tension is within the set range, and drives the first optical cable winding drum 10 to normally retract and release the optical cable, to ensure the tension balance and safe operation of the optical cable. At the same time, the control mechanism 2 makes a judgment based on the preset thresholds corresponding to each mechanism, and sends a warning signal to the sound and light alarm 3 when necessary to remind the staff. The explosion-proof power supply 4 is electrically connected to the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13, the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, the optical cable breakpoint detection mechanism, and the power mechanism 9, and is used to provide power support for each mechanism to ensure the smooth operation of the device.

[0038] The optical cable 17 released by the first optical cable winding drum 10 is mainly used for laying at the fixed hook on the side of the lane. The second optical cable winding drum 18 is mainly used for connecting the centralized control center of the self-moving machine tail.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13 includes a length measuring bracket 7, which is a square frame with front and rear openings. The length measuring bracket 7 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1 by bracket bolts and is located in front of the first optical cable winding drum 10. An L-shaped support plate 1303 is fixedly connected to the intersection of the right side and the top surface of the length measuring bracket 7. The horizontal part of the L-shaped support plate 1303 is fixed to the inner top surface of the length measuring bracket 7 by support plate bolts 1302. The vertical part of the L-shaped support plate 1303 is fixedly connected to an encoder 1304 and two center shafts 1307. The encoder 1304 is fixed to the vertical part of the L-shaped support plate 1303 by encoder bolts 1305. The encoder 1304 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 2 by an encoder cable 1301. The two center shafts 1307 are far away from the L-shaped support One end of the plate 1303 is rotatably connected to the first guide wheel 1309 and the third guide wheel 1306, that is, the first guide wheel 1309 and the third guide wheel 1306 can rotate around their respective corresponding center axes 1307, and the encoder 1304 is rotatably connected to the end away from the L-shaped support plate 1303 with a rotating shaft, and the second guide wheel 1314 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the second guide wheel 1314 is located between the first guide wheel 1309 and the third guide wheel 1306. The two center axes 1307 and the end of the rotating shaft away from the L-shaped support plate 1303 pass through the three corners of the triangular bracket 1311 respectively and are fixed by the triangular bracket nut 1312. The optical cable 17 released by the first optical cable winding drum 10 passes through the first guide wheel 1309, the second guide wheel 1314 and the third guide wheel 1306 in sequence and then enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12.

[0040] The encoder 1304 and the second guide wheel 1314 are precisely matched in the axial and circumferential directions, and the friction between the optical cable and the second guide wheel 1314 is used to drive the second guide wheel 1314 to rotate synchronously. The encoder 1304 records the number of rotations of the second guide wheel 1314, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the length of the optical cable released. By setting the tripod bracket 1311, the structural stability of the device during operation can be ensured, and the optical cable can be smoothly transmitted in the same vertical plane.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 3As shown, the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13 also includes two groups of transverse guide rollers 1315 and a circular hole orientation rod 1316. The two groups of transverse guide rollers 1315 are arranged in parallel up and down, and the two ends of the two groups of transverse guide rollers 1315 are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the length measuring bracket 7 respectively. The circular hole orientation rod 1316 is located above the two groups of transverse guide rollers 1315. The two ends of the circular hole orientation rod 1316 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the length measuring bracket 7 respectively. An optical cable guide hole is opened in the middle of the circular hole orientation rod 1316. The optical cable 17 released by the first optical cable winding drum 10 enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 after passing through the gap between the two groups of transverse guide rollers 1315, the optical cable guide hole, the first guide wheel 1309, the second guide wheel 1314 and the third guide wheel 1306 in sequence.

[0042] Specifically, after the optical cable is released from the first optical cable winding drum 10, the released optical cable 17 first passes through the gap between the two sets of transverse guide rollers 1315 to prevent the released optical cable 17 from being suspended. Then, the released optical cable 17 passes through the optical cable guide hole, smoothly enters the optical cable release length measurement mechanism 13, and moves along the direction of the first guide wheel 1309. The second guide wheel 1314 is made of a material with a high friction coefficient, and the friction with the released optical cable 17 generates a force to drive the second guide wheel 1314 to rotate, and at the same time drives the encoder 1304 coaxial with it to record the length of the released optical cable 17 in real time. After the length measurement is completed, the released optical cable 17 enters the optical cable tension measurement mechanism 12 through the third guide wheel 1306.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the two central axes 1307 are located on both sides of the first guide wheel 1309 and the third guide wheel 1306, and are respectively fixedly connected with the first baffle 1310 and the third baffle 1308, and the second baffle 1313 is installed at the positions of the rotating shaft on both sides of the second guide wheel 1314. The second baffle 1313 can prevent the optical cable from falling off the second guide wheel 1314, ensuring that the optical cable always maintains good contact with the second guide wheel 1314. The first baffle 1310 can prevent the optical cable from deviating from the track during transmission, and can guide the optical cable to enter the second guide wheel 1314 along a fixed path, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. The third baffle 1308 can prevent the optical cable from derailing, ensuring that the optical cable smoothly enters the optical cable tension measurement mechanism 12. These designs effectively improve the measurement accuracy and stability of the device.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 includes a tension measuring bracket 11, a top plate 1203 and a tension sensor. The tension measuring bracket 11 is a square frame with front and rear openings. The tension measuring bracket 11 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1 by bracket bolts and is located behind the first optical cable winding drum 10. The top plate 1203 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the tension measuring bracket 11 by top plate bolts 1204. Two groups of roller assemblies 1209 are symmetrically installed at the rear middle of the top plate 1203. The tension sensor is installed in the middle of the rear side of the top plate 1203. The roller 1209 of the tension sensor 207 is located between two groups of roller assemblies 1209, the tension sensor body 1201 extends from the top plate 1203 and the top surface of the tension measuring bracket 11 and is fixedly connected to the tension measuring bracket 11 and the top plate 1203 through two locking nuts 1210, the tension sensor body 1201 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 2 through the sensor cable 1202, and the optical cable 17 released from the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13 enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, and is released in sequence after passing through a group of roller assemblies 1209, rollers 1207 and another group of roller assemblies 1209.

[0045] Each group of roller assemblies 1209 includes a fixed shaft, an upper support plate, a lower support plate, two shafts and two rollers. The top end of the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top plate 1203, and the bottom end of the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the middle of the top surface of the upper support plate. The two ends of the two shafts are rotatably connected to the upper support plate and the lower support plate respectively, and the two rollers are fixed on the two shafts respectively.

[0046] The tension sensor includes a tension sensor body 1201, a roller pulley shaft 1205, a roller 1207 and a main shaft 1211. The roller 1207 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the roller pulley shaft 1205, and the top end of the roller pulley shaft 1205 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft 1211. After the top end of the main shaft 1211 passes through the top plate 1203 and the tension measurement bracket 11, it is fixed to the top plate 1203 and the tension measurement bracket 11 through two locking nuts 1210, which are used to lock the pulley shaft 1205 and the sensor body 1201 up and down to ensure that they will not loosen due to vibration or impact during use. In the turning area of ​​the roller 1207, that is, the position where the direction of the optical cable changes, a roller baffle 1206 is installed, and the roller pulley shaft 1205 is located on both sides of the roller 1207 and is fixedly connected to the roller baffle 1206. The roller baffle 1206 can ensure that the optical cable always remains in the groove of the roller 1207 during operation to avoid falling, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the device. The tension sensor body 1201 has a built-in sensing element. When the roller 1207 is subjected to tension and deformed, the sensing element senses the force and converts it into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is transmitted to the control mechanism 2 through the sensor cable 1202. The control mechanism 2 performs real-time tension analysis and provides subsequent operation suggestions.

[0047] The design of the roller assembly 1209 can ensure that the optical cable has a large turning angle when passing through the roller 1207, and can smoothly enter and exit the groove of the roller 1207. The roller 1207 will rotate as the optical cable is pulled, and transmit the tension applied to the optical cable to the sensor body 1201 for tension detection. The optical cable is subjected to different degrees of tension during the transmission process. When the tension is normal, the optical cable and the roller 1207 are only slightly in contact; when the tension increases, the squeezing force of the optical cable on the roller 1207 increases; and when the optical cable is relaxed, the contact between the optical cable and the roller 1207 is reduced or even separated. The tension of the optical cable can be indirectly reflected through the changes in these contact states.

[0048] Specifically, when in use, after the released optical cable 17 enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, it first passes through a set of roller assemblies 1209 to ensure that the released optical cable 17 is smoothly transmitted in a specified direction to prevent it from sagging. Then, the released optical cable 17 transmits the tension of the released optical cable 17 to the sensor body 1201 through the roller 1207, realizing real-time tension measurement and recording. After completing the tension measurement, the released optical cable 17 is output along the roller 1207 and sent out through another set of roller assemblies 1209.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the optical cable release length measuring mechanism 13 also includes two groups of longitudinal roller assemblies 1208 and a circular guide positioning hole 1317. The two groups of longitudinal roller assemblies 1208 are connected to the front side of the top plate 1203; the circular guide positioning hole 1317 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the length measuring bracket 7; the optical cable 17 released by the first optical cable winding drum 10 passes through the third guide wheel 1306, a group of longitudinal roller assemblies 1208, a group of roller assemblies 1209, the roller 1207, another group of roller assemblies 1209 and another group of longitudinal roller assemblies 1208 in sequence and is pulled out from the circular guide positioning hole 1317.

[0050] Based on this structure, after entering the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, the released optical cable 17 first passes through a set of longitudinal roller assemblies 1208 and then enters a set of roller assemblies 1209. After exiting another set of roller assemblies 1209, it continues to enter another set of longitudinal roller assemblies 1208 to further ensure that the released optical cable 17 can be smoothly transmitted in the specified direction. The optical cable sent out from another set of longitudinal roller assemblies 1208 passes through the circular guide positioning hole 1317 to ensure that the released optical cable 17 continues to be transmitted in a fixed direction and angle. Finally, the released optical cable 17 is securely laid in the cable hook on the side of the lane, completing the entire optical cable release process.

[0051] The structure of the longitudinal roller assembly 1208 is the same as that of the roller assembly 1209. The arrangement of the roller assembly 1209 and the longitudinal roller assembly 1208 can not only prevent the optical cable from shaking left and right during measurement, provide direction guidance for the optical cable to enter the optical cable tension measurement mechanism 12, but also ensure that the optical cable is transmitted in a fixed direction to avoid deviation.

[0052] The optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13 provided in the embodiment of the present invention realizes high-precision optical cable length measurement and stable optical cable transmission through the precise coordination of the settings of three guide wheels, encoder 1304, roller assembly 1209 and longitudinal roller assembly 1208, which can not only effectively prevent the optical cable from deflecting and sagging, but also ensure the continuity and stability of data transmission. The entire device can operate stably and efficiently for a long time in automated operation, has good wear resistance and reliability, is suitable for optical cable management in complex environments, and significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of overall measurement and monitoring. The optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 realizes accurate monitoring of the optical cable tension through the combination of roller 1207 and roller assembly 1209, prevents damage to the optical cable due to looseness or over-tightening, ensures the stability of the optical cable during transmission, and can transmit data to the control mechanism 2 in real time to achieve rapid response. This structural design is particularly suitable for complex coal mine environments and helps to improve the safety and measurement accuracy of optical cable management.

[0053] Furthermore, the fiber optic slip ring is used to ensure the continuous transmission of optical signals in rotating equipment and avoid entanglement or damage of optical cables. It supports multi-channel optical signal transmission and is suitable for data transmission needs in complex environments. The fiber optic slip ring consists of a rotor end, a stator end, an optical fiber channel, and an optical fiber interface. The rotor end is responsible for rotation to ensure that the signal can be transmitted without loss when the optical cable system rotates continuously. The stator end ensures that the optical signal is smoothly transmitted inside and outside the equipment. The optical fiber interface uses a standard connector for easy connection with external equipment. The fiber optic slip ring has sealing and protection functions, can work reliably in harsh environments, and is suitable for scenarios such as coal mines that have high requirements for signal transmission. In the coal mine excavation working face, the optical cable needs to be laid by the rotation of the drum, one end of which is connected to the cable hook on the side of the tunnel, and the other end is connected to the centralized control center and other equipment on the tail of the self-moving machine. Therefore, the previous method of using only a single drum to wind the optical cable has its limitations in this scenario, especially when both ends of the optical cable need to be connected to the equipment at the same time and the optical cable is released for rotation, the traditional drum is difficult to meet the needs. To this end, in view of this special situation, the embodiment of the present invention adopts two independent optical cable winding drums, and realizes the smooth release and rotation operation of the optical cable through the optical fiber slip ring mechanism. Specifically, the present invention uses two three-channel optical fiber slip rings, the first two channels are used for communication between the working surface operating system and the ground control center, and the third channel is used to connect to OTDR6 to monitor the status of the optical cable in real time.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, Figures 5 to 12 As shown, the optical fiber slip ring mechanism includes an L-shaped support seat 5, a first optical fiber slip ring 14, a second optical fiber slip ring 15, an optical fiber drum 506 and a support seat 505. The first optical fiber slip ring 14 and the second optical fiber slip ring 15 are both three-channel optical fiber slip rings, two channels are used to transmit signals, and the third channel is used to detect the breakpoint of the optical cable. The rotor end flange 1405 of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 is fixedly connected to the first right baffle 1001 of the first optical cable winding drum 10, and the stator end flange 1407 of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 is fixedly connected to the optical fiber drum 5. 06 is connected with the left flange, the optical fiber drum 506 is fixed on the support seat 505, the right side of the optical fiber drum 506 is bolted to the stator end flange of the second optical fiber slip ring 15, the rotor end flange of the second optical fiber slip ring 15 is bolted to the second left baffle 1801 of the second optical cable winding drum 18, the support seat 505 is fixed to the horizontal part 501 of the L-shaped support seat 5, the horizontal part 501 of the L-shaped support seat 5 is fixedly connected to the support frame 1 through the support bolt hole 504 and the support bolt and is located on the front side of the middle part of the support frame 1.

[0055] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the optical fiber slip ring mechanism is divided into the rotor end and the stator end of the first optical fiber slip ring 14, and the stator end and the rotor end of the second optical fiber slip ring 15 from left to right. The first optical fiber slip ring 14 and the second optical fiber slip ring 15 have the same structure, and the composition and connection of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 are mainly described below.

[0056] The rotor end of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 is provided with three optical fiber channels 1401, which correspond one-to-one with the inner side of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device 2001 installed in the first optical cable winding drum 10, ensuring the stable transmission of the optical signal and supporting the breakpoint detection of OTDR6. The optical fiber guide assembly 1402 is responsible for guiding the optical cable to the rotor end of the first optical fiber slip ring 14, ensuring that the optical cable maintains the correct path during the rotation process. The fixed flange support 1403 is coaxially matched with the first optical cable winding drum 10 to provide preliminary support. The rotor end flange 1405 is bolted to the first right baffle 1001 of the first optical cable winding drum 10 through the rotor end flange bolt hole 1404 and the rotor end bolt assembly 1002, ensuring that the rotor end of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 is coaxially fastened with the first optical cable winding drum 10. The stator end flange 1407 is connected to the left flange of the optical fiber drum 506 through the stator end flange bolt hole 1408, ensuring that the stator end of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 is coaxially matched with the optical fiber drum 506. The rotor end rotating support ring 1406 allows the rotor end to rotate around the stator end to ensure continuous transmission of optical signals. The stator end fixed flange support 1409 cooperates with the optical fiber drum 506 to provide support for the stator end to ensure stable transmission of optical signals at the stator end. The stator end connector 1410 is responsible for signal transmission from the rotor end to the stator end, and completes the input and output of optical signals through optical cables.

[0057] The second optical fiber slip ring 15 has the same structure as the first optical fiber slip ring 14, and its stator end is fixedly connected to the right side of the optical fiber drum 506 through the stator end bolt hole 1501, and the rotor end is fixedly connected to the second left baffle 1801 of the second optical cable winding drum 18 through the rotor end bolt hole 1502, and is further connected to the inner side of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device 2001 in the second optical cable winding drum 18 to ensure smooth optical cable communication.

[0058] The following is an introduction to the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device 2001. Specifically, Figures 6 to 12 As shown, the first cable winding roller of the first optical cable winding drum 10 and the second cable winding roller of the second optical cable winding drum 18 are both provided with grooves, in which an optical fiber port bidirectional connection device 2001 is fixedly connected by a rivet 2002, and three optical fiber couplers 2003 are installed on the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device 2001. The optical cable 16 wound on the first optical cable winding drum 10 and the second optical cable winding drum 18 includes a three-core optical fiber, and the three-core optical fiber at one end of the optical cable 16 wound on the first optical cable winding drum 10 is respectively inserted into the three optical fiber channels 140 of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 through the three optical fiber couplers 2003. 1 and sequentially pass through its optical fiber guide assembly 1402, the rotor end and the stator end, the stator end and the rotor end of the second optical fiber slip ring 15, the optical fiber guide assembly of the second optical fiber slip ring 15, the three optical fiber channels and the optical fiber guide assembly of the second optical fiber slip ring 15, and the three optical fiber couplers 2003 of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device 2001 on the second optical cable winding drum 18, and are coupled together through the optical cable external interface 2004 and wound on the second optical cable winding drum 18, and one core of the three-core optical fiber located between the stator end of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 and the second optical fiber slip ring 15 is disconnected and connected to the optical cable break point detection mechanism.

[0059] like Fig.13 As shown, the optical cable break detection mechanism includes an OTDR6, and the vertical portion 502 of the L-shaped support seat 5 is tilted. The OTDR6 is fixed to the vertical portion 502 of the L-shaped support seat 5 through its fixing component 601, bolt hole 503 and OTDR bolts. A core optical fiber disconnected between the stator ends of the first optical fiber slip ring 14 and the second optical fiber slip ring 15 is connected to the optical fiber input port of the OTDR6, and the power end of the OTDR6 is connected to the explosion-proof power supply 4 through the power line 602.

[0060] Specifically, OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) is a device used for testing and maintaining optical cable networks. It can detect faults in optical cables, evaluate losses, and identify reflection events. By analyzing the return of optical signals, OTDR6 can accurately locate the breakpoints, damage locations, and joint locations of optical cables. At the same time, OTDR6 can also generate loss curves to help evaluate the quality of optical cables and provide real-time monitoring of optical cables. With data transmission capabilities, OTDR6 can transmit breakpoint detection signals to the control mechanism 2 to achieve fault warning and predictive maintenance, thereby improving the overall reliability of the optical cable network.

[0061] The optical fiber input port of OTDR6 is connected to a core optical fiber in the optical fiber slip ring mechanism, and OTDR6 periodically sends optical pulses to the optical fiber. By detecting the returned optical pulse signal, OTDR6 can identify the status information such as breakpoints and optical attenuation in the optical fiber. The communication line 603 connects OTDR6 with the control mechanism 2, and transmits the breakpoint detection data in real time for the system to analyze and process. When an abnormal situation is detected (such as a breakpoint or excessive signal attenuation), the control mechanism 2 will automatically send a warning signal to the sound and light alarm 3, and take corresponding countermeasures according to the preset strategy.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, Fig.14 As shown, the power mechanism 9 includes a motor 901, which is fixed to the support frame 1 by a motor bolt 903 and is located on the left side of the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13. The motor 901 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof power supply 4 and the control mechanism 2 through a motor cable 902. The output shaft of the motor 901 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 904. The left end of the transmission shaft 1003 of the first optical cable winding drum 10 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 906. The driving gear 904 and the driving gear 906 are connected through a belt 905.

[0063] Specifically, the motor 901, as the core driving component of the power mechanism 9, is responsible for providing rotational power for the retraction and release of the optical cable. The motor 901 is connected to the explosion-proof power supply 4 and the control mechanism 2 through the motor cable 902, receives the control signal in real time, and realizes power transmission. The motor 901 is firmly installed at the bottom of the support frame 1 through the motor bolt 903 to ensure that it is not affected by vibration or external force during operation, and to ensure the stability and reliability of the device. The transmission shaft 1003 of the first optical cable winding drum 10 and the driving gear 906 are fixedly matched in the axial and circumferential directions to realize synchronous rotation. The driving gear 904 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 901 transmits the rotational power to the driving gear 906 through the belt 905, thereby further driving the smooth winding or release operation of the optical cable on the first optical cable winding drum 10. This design ensures the smoothness of the optical cable under different working conditions through the transmission of power, and avoids the phenomenon of jamming or instability of the optical cable during the retraction and release process.

[0064] During the optical cable release process, the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 monitors the optical cable tension in real time and sends the tension measurement data to the control mechanism 2. When the tension exceeds the preset range, the control mechanism 2 adjusts the rotation speed of the motor 901 according to the tension measurement data, thereby dynamically controlling the retraction and release speed of the optical cable to maintain the balance of the optical cable tension. When it is detected that the optical cable tension is too large, the control mechanism 2 will control the motor 901 to speed up the release speed and reduce the tightening strength of the optical cable; when the tension is too small, the motor 901 is controlled to slow down the release speed to maintain a normal tension range. Through this closed-loop control, the power mechanism 9 and the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 form a collaborative operation to ensure that the tension of the optical cable is always in the best state during the transmission process, avoid the sudden over-tightening or over-loosening of the optical cable during the retraction and release process, and ensure the stability of the optical cable transmission.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, the automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for the coal mine excavation working face further includes an optical cable release guide frame 8, which is fixedly connected to the front side of the right part of the support frame 1 and is used to guide the optical cable 17 released from the second optical cable winding drum 18. The optical cable release guide frame 8 is a square opening structure. The optical cable 17 released from the second optical cable winding drum 18 is transmitted along the optical cable release guide frame 8 to ensure that the optical cable does not sag and is connected to the centralized control center in front of the excavation working face to ensure normal communication signal transmission.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the control mechanism 2 is the core control module of the device, which is responsible for receiving and processing the real-time data from each sensor (optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13, optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, optical cable break point detection mechanism) to monitor the signal integrity, length and tension of the optical cable. The data processing flow is as follows: Fig.15 According to the data fed back by each sensor and the set threshold, it is determined whether the state of the optical cable is normal, in a warning state, or in an abnormal state; when an abnormality occurs, the device automatically issues a command to control the optical cable release process, and at the same time issues a prompt through the sound and light alarm 3 to help the operator quickly judge and take action.

[0067] The control mechanism 2 is divided into several situations as shown in Table 1 below according to the signals fed back by each sensor:

[0068] Note: Green light: indicates the system is normal and the operator does not need to intervene; Yellow light: indicates system warning and the operator needs to monitor the status of the optical cable; Red light: indicates system abnormality and the operator needs to take immediate measures.

[0069] In summary, the automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for a coal mine excavation working face provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following characteristics: 1) The device adopts a modular design. Each sensor (optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13, optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12, optical cable break point detection mechanism, etc.) and control mechanism 2 can be replaced or upgraded independently, which is convenient for maintenance and expansion, and improves the flexibility and stability of the device.

[0070] 2) Through the integration of the optical fiber slip ring mechanism and OTDR6, it supports the continuous transmission of optical signals and realizes real-time detection of optical cable breakpoints and signal attenuation, improving the safety and reliability of the device.

[0071] 3) The special combination of three guide wheels built into the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism 13 and the encoder 1304 further cooperate to measure the length of the pay-out optical cable in real time.

[0072] 4) Through the coordinated cooperation of the optical cable tension measuring mechanism 12 and the power mechanism 9, the automatic release and tension adjustment of the optical cable can be realized, ensuring the safe laying of the optical cable in complex environments.

[0073] 5) Intelligent control of control mechanism 2: Integrates the measurement data from various sensors, determines the status of the optical cable according to the preset threshold and automatically issues control instructions, and also has early warning and abnormal prompt functions.

[0074] 6) The combined optical fiber slip ring connecting the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device 2001 of the optical cable on the drum adopts a universal optical fiber connection interface, avoiding cumbersome optical fiber fusion splicing operations and greatly improving the convenience of installation and maintenance.

[0075] 7) The device has voice alarm and light prompt functions, which can promptly issue an alarm when the optical cable is in an abnormal state. At the same time, it adopts an explosion-proof design to ensure safe operation in the harsh environment of coal mines. When the optical cable is in an abnormal state, it automatically triggers light signals and voice alarms to help operators find problems in time and take measures to prevent accidents.

[0076] 8) It realizes the automatic release and real-time monitoring of optical cables, reduces the reliance on manual operation, and effectively reduces the risk of human error. It can monitor the length, tension and breakpoint of the released optical cable in real time to ensure the stability of the optical cable, and automatically adjust the cable release speed and tension according to real-time data.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support frame (1), the support frame (1) being a square frame with front and rear openings, a first optical cable winding drum (10) being rotatably connected inside the left side of the support frame (1), a second optical cable winding drum (18) being rotatably connected inside the right side of the support frame (1), the first optical cable winding drum (10) and the second optical cable winding drum (18) being connected via an optical fiber slip ring mechanism, an optical cable release length measuring mechanism (13) being installed in front of the first optical cable winding drum (10), and a second optical cable winding drum (18) being installed at the rear of the first optical cable winding drum (10). An optical cable tension measuring mechanism (12) is provided, a power mechanism (9) is installed on the left side of the optical cable release length measuring mechanism (13), an optical cable break point detection mechanism is installed on the right side of the optical cable release length measuring mechanism (13), a control mechanism (2), an audible and visual alarm (3) and an explosion-proof power supply (4) are installed on the support frame (1), and the optical cable release length measuring mechanism (13), the optical cable tension measuring mechanism (12), the optical cable break point detection mechanism, the power mechanism (9) and the audible and visual alarm (3) are all electrically connected to the control mechanism (2); The power mechanism (9) is used to provide power for the first optical cable winding drum (10) to retract and release the optical cable; the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism (13) is used to measure in real time the length of the optical cable (17) paid out by the first optical cable winding drum (10); the optical cable tension measuring mechanism (12) is used to measure in real time the tension of the optical cable (17) paid out by the first optical cable winding drum (10); the optical cable break point detection mechanism is used to detect whether a break point occurs in the optical cable; the control mechanism (2) is used to determine the optical cable pay-out length according to data fed back by the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism (13), judge the optical cable tension according to data fed back by the optical cable tension measuring mechanism (12), control the action of the power mechanism (9) according to the optical cable tension, and judge whether a break point occurs in the optical cable according to data fed back by the optical cable break point detection mechanism; the optical fiber slip ring mechanism is used to maintain normal transmission of signals between the first optical cable winding drum (10) and the second optical cable winding drum (18); and the explosion-proof power supply (4) is used to supply power to the entire device.

2. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism (13) comprises a length measuring bracket (7), the length measuring bracket (7) being a square frame with front and rear openings, the length measuring bracket (7) being fixedly connected to the supporting frame (1) and being located in front of the first optical cable winding drum (10), an L-shaped supporting plate (1303) being fixedly connected at the intersection of the right side surface and the top surface of the length measuring bracket (7), an encoder (1304) and two central shafts (1307) being fixedly connected to the vertical portion of the L-shaped supporting plate (1303), the encoder (1304) being electrically connected to the control mechanism (2) via an encoder cable (1301), and the two central shafts (1307) being rotatably connected at one end away from the L-shaped supporting plate (1303) and the first guide shaft (1307) being respectively connected to the first guide shaft (1307) and the second guide shaft (1307) being ... The first guide wheel (1309) and the third guide wheel (1306) are connected to the encoder (1304), one end of the encoder (1304) away from the L-shaped support plate (1303) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft, and a second guide wheel (1314) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The second guide wheel (1314) is located between the first guide wheel (1309) and the third guide wheel (1306). The two center axes (1307) and the end of the rotating shaft away from the L-shaped support plate (1303) pass through the three corners of the triangular bracket (1311) and are fixed thereto. The optical cable (17) released from the first optical cable winding drum (10) passes through the first guide wheel (1309), the second guide wheel (1314) and the third guide wheel (1306) in sequence and then enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism (12).

3. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The optical cable tension measuring mechanism (12) comprises a tension measuring bracket (11), a top plate (1203) and a tension sensor. The tension measuring bracket (11) is a square frame with front and rear openings. The tension measuring bracket (11) is fixedly connected to the support frame (1) and is located behind the first optical cable winding drum (10). The top plate (1203) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the tension measuring bracket (11). Two groups of roller assemblies (1209) are symmetrically installed at the rear middle of the top plate (1203). The tension sensor is installed in the middle of the rear side of the top plate (1203). The rollers of the tension sensor (1207) is located between the two groups of roller assemblies (1209), the tension sensor body (1201) extends from the top plate (1203) and the top surface of the tension measuring bracket (11) and is fixedly connected to the tension measuring bracket (11) and the top plate (1203), the tension sensor body (1201) is electrically connected to the control mechanism (2) through the sensor cable (1202), and the optical cable (17) released from the optical cable release length measuring mechanism (13) is released after passing through a group of roller assemblies (1209), the roller (1207) and another group of roller assemblies (1209) in sequence.

4. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The optical fiber slip ring mechanism comprises an L-shaped support seat (5), a first optical fiber slip ring (14), a second optical fiber slip ring (15), an optical fiber roller (506) and a support seat (505); the first optical fiber slip ring (14) and the second optical fiber slip ring (15) are both three-channel optical fiber slip rings, two channels are used for transmitting signals, and the third channel is used for detecting optical cable breakpoints; a rotor end flange (1405) of the first optical fiber slip ring (14) is fixedly connected to a first right baffle (1001) of a first optical cable winding roller (10); a stator end flange (1407) of the first optical fiber slip ring (14) is fixedly connected to a first right baffle (1001) of a first optical cable winding roller (10); and a stator end flange (1408) of the first optical fiber slip ring (14) is fixedly connected to a first right baffle (1001) of a first optical cable winding roller (10). The left side of the fiber drum (506) is flange-connected, the fiber drum (506) is fixed on the support seat (505), the right side of the fiber drum (506) is bolt-connected to the stator end flange of the second fiber slip ring (15), the rotor end flange of the second fiber slip ring (15) is bolt-connected to the second left baffle (1801) of the second optical cable winding drum (18), the support seat (505) is fixed to the horizontal part (501) of the L-shaped support seat (5), and the horizontal part (501) of the L-shaped support seat (5) is fixedly connected to the support frame (1) and is located at the middle front side of the support frame (1); The first optical cable winding drum (10) and the second optical cable winding drum (18) are both provided with a groove, and an optical fiber port bidirectional connection device (2001) is fixedly connected in the groove, and three optical fiber couplers (2003) are installed on the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device (2001). The optical cable (16) wound on the first optical cable winding drum (10) and the second optical cable winding drum (18) includes three-core optical fibers. The three-core optical fibers at one end of the optical cable (16) wound on the first optical cable winding drum (10) are connected to the optical fiber via the three optical fiber couplers (2003) ) penetrates into the three optical fiber channels (1401) of the first optical fiber slip ring (14) and passes through its optical fiber guide assembly (1402), the rotor end and the stator end, the stator end and the rotor end of the second optical fiber slip ring (15), the three optical fiber channels of the second optical fiber slip ring (15), the optical fiber guide assembly, and the three optical fiber couplers (2003) of the optical fiber port bidirectional connection device (2001) on the second optical cable winding drum (18), and then is coupled together through the optical cable external interface (2004) and wound on the second optical cable winding drum (18); The optical cable break point detection mechanism comprises an OTDR (6), a vertical portion (502) of an L-shaped support seat (5) is arranged tilted, the OTDR (6) is fixed to the vertical portion (502) of the L-shaped support seat (5), a core optical fiber disconnected between the stator ends of the first optical fiber slip ring (14) and the second optical fiber slip ring (15) is connected to the optical fiber input port of the OTDR (6), and the OTDR (6) is electrically connected to an explosion-proof power supply (4).

5. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power mechanism (9) comprises a motor (901), the motor (901) being fixed on the support frame (1) and being located on the left side of the optical cable pay-out length measuring mechanism (13), the motor (901) being electrically connected to both the explosion-proof power supply (4) and the control mechanism (2) via a motor cable (902), the output shaft of the motor (901) being fixedly connected to a driving gear (904), the left end of the transmission shaft (1003) of the first optical cable winding drum (10) being fixedly connected to a driving gear (906), and the driving gear (904) and the driving gear (906) being connected in transmission via a belt (905).

6. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The optical cable release length measuring mechanism (13) further comprises two groups of transverse guide rollers (1315) and a circular hole orientation rod (1316). The two groups of transverse guide rollers (1315) are arranged in parallel up and down, and the two ends of the two groups of transverse guide rollers (1315) are rotatably connected to the left and right side surfaces of the length measuring bracket (7), respectively. The circular hole orientation rod (1316) is located above the two groups of transverse guide rollers (1315), and the two ends of the circular hole orientation rod (1316) are fixedly connected to the left and right side surfaces of the length measuring bracket (7), respectively. An optical cable guide hole is provided in the middle of the circular hole orientation rod (1316). The optical cable (17) released by the first optical cable winding drum (10) passes through the gap between the two groups of transverse guide rollers (1315), the optical cable guide hole, the first guide wheel (1309), the second guide wheel (1314) and the third guide wheel (1306) in sequence, and then enters the optical cable tension measuring mechanism (12).

7. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The two central shafts (1307) are located at both sides of the first guide wheel (1309) and the third guide wheel (1306), and are respectively fixedly connected to the first baffle plate (1310) and the third baffle plate (1308). The rotating shaft is located at both sides of the second guide wheel (1314), and is installed with the second baffle plate (1313).

8. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The optical cable release length measuring mechanism (13) further comprises two groups of longitudinal roller assemblies (1208) and a circular guide positioning hole (1317); the two groups of longitudinal roller assemblies (1208) are connected to the front side of the top plate (1203); the circular guide positioning hole (1317) is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the length measuring bracket (7); the optical cable (17) released by the first optical cable winding drum (10) passes through the third guide wheel (1306), a group of longitudinal roller assemblies (1208), a group of roller assemblies (1209), the roller (1207), another group of roller assemblies (1209) and another group of longitudinal roller assemblies (1208) in sequence, and is then pulled out from the circular guide positioning hole (1317).

9. The automatic optical cable retracting and releasing device for coal mine excavation working face according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an optical cable release guide frame (8), which is fixedly connected to the front side of the right part of the support frame (1) and is used to guide the optical cable (17) released by the second optical cable winding drum (18).

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