A 3D printing material, preparation method and 3D printing method

Abstract

The present application provides a 3D printing material, a preparation method and a 3D printing method. Among them, the 3D printing material includes a base material, a processing aid and a filling modifier. The filling modifier is insoluble in the base material and the processing aid, and does not melt during the printing process. At the same time, the particle size of the filling modifier has a target particle size distribution. A component printed with the 3D printing material at a speed less than or equal to 50 mm / s has a first glossiness. A component printed with the 3D printing material at a speed greater than 150 mm / s has a second glossiness, and the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is less than or equal to 10, which makes the glossiness of the component obtained by printing insensitive to the printing speed when the 3D printing material is printed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of 3D printing materials, and particularly to a 3D printing material, a preparation method, and a 3D printing method. Background Art

[0002] With its flexibility and high efficiency, 3D printing technology has been widely used and welcomed in many fields. However, during the printing process, in order to balance printing efficiency and detail accuracy, the printing speed may need to be adjusted for different parts. For example, fine parts are usually printed at a low speed to ensure high dimensional accuracy, while large-area structures can be printed at a high speed to save time. This change in speed significantly affects the surface texture of the final product. Specifically, the surface of the high-speed printed part is often rough, while the low-speed printed area is smoother and more delicate, resulting in non-uniform surface texture of the finished product. And high-quality 3D printing materials need to be able to maintain a stable surface gloss after cooling at different printing speeds, so as to ensure a uniform and smooth surface texture of the final product.

[0003] Therefore, a 3D printing material that can improve the consistency of 3D printed parts is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a 3D printing material, a preparation method, and a 3D printing method. By adding a filling modifier to the 3D printing material, when printing parts with this 3D printing material, the gloss of the parts is not sensitive to the printing speed. That is: the gloss of the parts printed with this 3D printing material at a low speed is substantially the same as that of the parts printed at a high speed.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a 3D printing material, including a base material; a processing aid; and a filling modifier, which is insoluble in the base material and the processing aid and does not melt during the printing process; the filling modifier has a target particle size distribution, wherein: the parts printed with this 3D printing material at a speed less than or equal to 50 mm / s have a first gloss, and the parts printed with this 3D printing material at a speed greater than 150 mm / s have a second gloss, and the difference between the first gloss and the second gloss is less than or equal to 10.

[0007] According to some embodiments of this application, the target particle size distribution makes the difference between the first gloss and the second gloss less than or equal to 10.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the content of the base material is 50 wt%-90 wt%; the content of the processing aid is 0-5 wt%; and the content of the filling modifier is 5 wt%-30 wt%.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the target particle size distribution is as follows: the particle size range of the filling modifier is between 3 and 80 microns.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the target particle size distribution is as follows: the particle size range of the filling modifier is between 30 and 50 microns.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the filling modifier includes: a first filler and a second filler; or a first filler, a second filler, and a third filler; wherein the particle size range of the first filler is 15 - 30 microns; the particle size range of the second filler is 40 - 80 microns; and the particle size range of the third filler is 3 - 10 microns.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the content of the first filler is 5wt% - 30wt%; the content of the second filler is 5wt% - 20wt%; and the content of the third filler is 0wt% - 20wt%.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the filling modifier includes an inorganic filler and an organic filler; the inorganic filler includes at least one of talcum powder, calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide, kaolin, clay, or glass microspheres; and the organic filler includes an organic matting agent.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the substrate includes at least one of polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate copolymer, acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile - styrene - acrylate copolymer, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, or polyamide.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, the processing aid includes at least one of an antioxidant, a hydrolysis inhibitor, a plasticizer, a lubricant, or a chain extender.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the 3D printing material is a masterbatch or a wire.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a 3D printing material, including: obtaining a substrate, a processing aid, and a filling modifier, the filling modifier at least including a first filler with a particle size range of 15 - 30 microns and a second filler with a particle size range of 40 - 80 microns; mixing the filling modifier with the substrate and the processing aid at a preset content to obtain a blend composite material including the filling modifier; heating the blend composite material to melting and extruding it to obtain the 3D printing material as described in any one of the first aspects above, and the 3D printing material contains the filling modifier with a particle size range of 15 - 80 microns.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, the 3D printing material includes 3D printing masterbatch. Heating the blend composite material to melting and extruding it to obtain the 3D printing material includes: heating the blend composite material to a flowing state and extruding it into granular form to obtain the 3D printing masterbatch.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, the 3D printing material further includes 3D printing wire. Heating the blend composite material to melting and extruding it to obtain the 3D printing material further includes: reheating the 3D printing masterbatch to melting and extruding it to obtain the 3D printing wire.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the filling modifier further includes a third filler with a particle size range of 3 - 10 microns.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present application, the content of the first filler is 10wt% - 30wt%; the content of the second filler is 10wt% - 20wt%; and the content of the third filler is 0wt% - 20wt%.

[0022] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a 3D printing method, including: loading the 3D printing material described in any one of the first aspects above into a 3D printer; and using the 3D printing material to print an object, and controlling the printing speed between 10 mm / s and 300 mm / s. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of this specification. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional flow rate during the extrusion of the molten 3D printing material provided according to the embodiments of this specification;

[0025] Figure 2 Shows a preparation method of the 3D printing material provided according to the embodiments of this specification;

[0026] Figure 3 Shows a 3D printing method provided according to the embodiments of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The following description provides specific application scenarios and requirements of the present disclosure, aiming to enable those skilled in the art to manufacture and use the content of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, various partial modifications to the disclosed embodiments are obvious, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but has the broadest scope consistent with the claims.

[0028] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not restrictive. For example, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may also include the plural forms. When used in the present disclosure, the terms "comprising", "including" and / or "containing" mean that the associated integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components exist, but do not preclude the existence of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups, or the addition of other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups in the system / method.

[0029] In this application, the expression "X includes at least one of A, B, or C" means that X includes at least A, or X includes at least B, or X includes at least C. That is, X may only include any combination of A, B, C, or may include any combination of A, B, C and other possible contents / elements at the same time. Any combination of A, B, C may be A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC.

[0030] In view of the following description, these features and other features of the present disclosure, as well as the operations and functions of the related elements of the structure, and the combination and manufacturing economy of the components can be significantly improved. The description also includes all the graphics and texts in all the reference drawings in the present disclosure, and all of these form a part of the present disclosure. However, it should be clearly understood that the drawings are only for the purpose of illustration and description and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should also be understood that the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0031] During the 3D printing process, in order to balance printing efficiency and detail accuracy, different parts of the component may need to adjust the printing speed for printing. The printing speed has a significant impact on the microscopic surface roughness and gloss of the component. Figure 1 Shows a schematic cross-sectional flow velocity diagram of the molten 3D printing material during the extrusion process provided according to an embodiment of this specification. As Figure 1As shown, during the extrusion of the molten 3D printing material (melt), the cross-sectional flow rate is not uniform. The melt close to the inner wall of the printer nozzle is pulled by the inner wall and has a slow flow rate, while the melt near the nozzle axis has a fast flow rate. In this way, when flowing inside the printer nozzle, the flow rates of the melt in the cross-section are inconsistent, and the melt is subjected to shear forces. Therefore, the flow rate of the melt in the cross-section is not uniform at the moment of extrusion from the nozzle. After the melt is extruded from the nozzle, it loses the boundary constraint. In the case of non-uniform flow rate, vortices will be generated during extrusion from the nozzle, which causes the outer surface of the melt not to maintain the shape of the inner diameter of the printer nozzle after extrusion, but to become uneven. The faster the printing speed, the faster the melt is extruded, the greater the shear force on the melt during extrusion, and the worse the surface finish of the melt after extrusion.

[0032] Specifically, at low printing speeds, the shear rate of the melt of the 3D printing material is small, and the surface presents a smooth texture. As the printing speed increases, the shear rate of the melt becomes larger, the smooth texture of the melt gradually disappears, and the "shark skin" phenomenon occurs on the melt surface, thus generating a surface with a texture similar to "frosting". This problem of non-uniform surface texture caused by changes in printing speed not only affects the aesthetics of the product but may also have a negative impact on its mechanical properties.

[0033] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a 3D printing material. The surface gloss of the melt of this 3D printing material is insensitive to the printing speed when it is extruded from the printer nozzle. Therefore, whether it is subjected to a small shear force during low-speed extrusion or a large shear force during high-speed extrusion, the surface gloss presented by the melt of this 3D printing material is about the same (such as 3, 5, or 10). In this way, the printed parts formed at different printing speeds have substantially the same surface microstructure after cooling.

[0034] This 3D printing material can be in the form of masterbatch. As a concentrated carrier of the base material, the masterbatch can be prepared into various high-performance wires through precision processing to meet different 3D printing requirements. This 3D printing material can also be in the form of wire. The wire then participates in the printing in its final form and directly determines the quality and performance of the printed parts.

[0035] This 3D printing material includes a base material, a processing aid, and a filler modifier. Among them, in the 3D printing material, the base material provides the basic structure for shaping as the main body. The processing aid is used to improve the processing performance of the base material to optimize the printing process. The filler modifier can enhance the performance of the printed part and achieve the uniformity of the surface texture. The base material, the processing aid, and the filler modifier complement each other and jointly determine the processability of the 3D printing material, the performance and appearance of the final formed part.

[0036] In this 3D printing material, a substrate, a processing aid, and a filler modifier are added in a preset ratio. Specifically, the weight ratio (also referred to as the content) of the substrate in the overall weight of the 3D printing material is 50wt%-90wt%. For example, the content of the substrate can be 50wt%-60wt%, 60wt%-70wt%, 70wt%-80wt%, or 80wt%-90wt%. The content of the filler modifier is 5wt%-30wt%. For example, the content of the filler modifier is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt%, 15wt%-20wt%, or 20wt%-30wt%. The content of the processing aid is 0-5wt%. For example, the content of the processing aid is 0-1wt%, 1-2wt%, 2-3wt%, 3-4wt%, or 4-5wt%.

[0037] The substrate can be a variety of thermoplastic polymers. Specifically, the substrate can include at least one of polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate copolymer (PETG), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymer (ASA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polyamide (PA, also known as nylon). Due to their excellent melt molding properties, mechanical strength, heat resistance, and other characteristics, these materials are widely used in the field of 3D printing, providing basic structural support and functional guarantee for printed parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that the substrate can also be other thermoplastic polymers, which will not be elaborated here.

[0038] The processing aid can improve the processing performance of the substrate. Further, the processing aid includes at least one of an antioxidant, a hydrolysis inhibitor, a plasticizer, a lubricant, or a chain extender. In some embodiments, the processing aid also includes a stabilizer, an antistatic agent, and a dispersant. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above-mentioned processing aids are only several of many processing aids, and the present disclosure does not limit the specific materials of the processing aids, and other processing aids are also within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0039] The functions of the filler modifier include but are not limited to adjusting the surface reflectance of parts printed at different speeds. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the filler modifier can include inorganic fillers and organic fillers. Further, the inorganic fillers include at least one of talc powder, calcium carbonate, silica, kaolin, clay, or glass microspheres. The organic fillers include organic matting agents.

[0040] As described above, in 3D printing, the printing speed has a significant impact on the microscopic gloss of the part. For example, when printing at a low speed (such as when the printing speed is less than 50 mm / s), the moving speed of the nozzle is slow, the melt extrusion speed is also relatively slow, the shear force received is small, and the eddy current at the moment of extrusion is small. At the same time, the melt deposition is slow, and the interlayer fusion is more sufficient. The surface of the part printed at this speed is relatively smooth. At this time, the printed part has a first gloss. While at high speed printing (such as a printing speed greater than 150 mm / s), the moving speed of the nozzle is fast, the melt extrusion speed is also relatively fast, the shear force of the melt in the printing nozzle is large, and the eddy current at the moment of extruding the nozzle is large, resulting in a rougher surface structure. At this time, the printed part has a second gloss. When the 3D printing material does not contain a filler modifier, the first gloss is significantly greater than the second gloss. As described above, the first gloss gives the surface of the first part a smooth texture; the second gloss gives the surface of the second part a "matte" texture. And when a certain amount of filler modifier is added to the 3D printing material, the difference between the first gloss and the second gloss can be reduced, making the gloss of the parts printed at different printing speeds tend to be consistent. It should be noted that the above printing speed is the moving speed of the 3D printing nozzle.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the filler modifier is insoluble in the substrate and the processing aid, and the melting temperature of the filler modifier is higher than the printing temperature of the 3D printing material, so it does not melt during the printing process. This property enables the filler modifier to be uniformly dispersed in the 3D printing material in the form of solid particles during the printing process. On the one hand, the insoluble and non-melting filler modifier reduces the sensitivity of the melt cross-sectional flow rate of the 3D printing material to the shear force; on the other hand, it makes the particle size distribution and spatial arrangement of the filler modifier not change significantly due to temperature or speed changes whether under high-speed printing or low-speed printing conditions, thus avoiding surface texture differences caused by the migration, aggregation or performance fluctuations of the filler modifier. This stability ensures that the surface of the printed part may maintain a uniform microscopic surface roughness at different printing speeds. The roughness of this microscopic surface is reflected macroscopically as gloss. When the roughness approaches or is greater than the surface roughness brought by the shear force when the melt is extruded at a certain speed, the gloss of the 3D printing material is not affected by the extrusion speed, thus achieving the uniformity of the printing gloss below this printing speed.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in addition to the insoluble and infusible characteristics, if the particle size of the filler modifier has a certain particle size distribution, the influence of the printing speed on the glossiness of the printed part can be further reduced. Experiments have found that the surface glossiness of the 3D printing material after being extruded and cooled by the printer nozzle at different speeds is also related to the particle size distribution of the solid particles in the filler modifier. When a filler modifier with a target particle size distribution is added to the 3D printing material, the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness can be further reduced. The target particle size distribution can be a designed particle size distribution that can achieve a substantially uniform surface texture of the printed part under low-speed printing and high-speed printing. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the difference in glossiness between the first part printed at low speed and the second part printed at high speed is less than or equal to a preset value, it can be considered that the surface texture of the part is substantially uniform. This design can achieve a higher degree of closeness between the glossiness of low-speed and high-speed printed parts, improving the appearance quality and process adaptability of the printed parts.

[0043] In some embodiments, the low-speed printing is a printing speed less than or equal to 50 mm / s. The high-speed printing is a printing speed higher than 150 mm / s. The preset value of the difference in glossiness of the part can be set to 10. For example, the part printed from the 3D printing material at a speed less than 50 mm / s has a first glossiness, and the part printed at a speed greater than 150 mm / s has a second glossiness. Then the target particle size distribution can make the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness less than or equal to 10.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the target particle size distribution range of the filler modifier can be between 3 and 80 microns. For example, the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 3 - 15, 15 - 30, 30 - 50, and / or 50 - 80 microns. In some embodiments, the target particle size distribution is that the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 30 and 50 microns. For example, the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 30 - 40 and / or 40 - 50 microns.

[0045] In some embodiments, the filler modifier includes a first filler and a second filler. In some other embodiments, the filler modifier can also include a first filler, a second filler, and a third filler. Among them, the particle size range of the first filler is 15 - 30 microns. For example, the particle size range of the first filler is 15 - 20, 20 - 25, and / or 25 - 30 microns. The particle size range of the second filler is 40 - 80 microns. For example, the particle size range of the second filler is 40 - 50, 50 - 60, 60 - 70, and / or 70 - 80 microns. The particle size range of the third filler is 3 - 10 microns. For example, the particle size range of the third filler is 3 - 5, 5 - 7, and / or 7 - 10 microns.

[0046] Further, the content of the first filler is 5wt%-30wt%. For example, the content of the first filler is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-20wt% or 20wt%-30wt%. The content of the second filler is 5wt%-20wt%. For example, the content of the second filler is 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt% or 15wt%-20wt%. The content of the third filler is 0wt%-20wt%. For example, the content of the third filler is 0wt%-5wt%, 5wt%-10wt%, 10wt%-15wt% or 15wt%-20wt%. It should be noted that the above content refers to the weight ratio of the first filler, the second filler and / or the third filler to the 3D printing material.

[0047] Table 1. Surface differences of parts printed with different filler modifiers at low printing speed

[0048]

[0049] Table 1 shows the surface differences of parts printed by adding different filling modifiers under low-speed printing provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Table 1, when printing at a low speed, the surface of the printed part is relatively smooth. When no filling modifier is added, the surface of the printed part reflects a higher proportion of light, thereby presenting a bright texture. After adding a filling modifier with a single particle size distribution, the surface of the printed part has a certain roughness and can scatter light. Therefore, the glossiness of the surface of the printed part will be reduced, presenting a surface texture of the printed part with a certain roughness. However, in this case, although the glossiness of the surface of the printed part is reduced, the glossiness of the surface of the printed part will not be completely absent, and some glossiness will still be retained. After adding a filling modifier with a target particle size distribution as described above, the roughness of the surface of the printed part is further increased, forming a strong light scattering effect. The light on the surface of the printed part is uniformly diffusely reflected. This scattering makes the light distribution softer and more uniform, visually presenting a matte and low-reflection effect, thereby forming a highly uniform matte texture on the surface of the printed part, achieving consistency and optimization of the surface texture.

[0050] Table 2. Surface differences of parts printed with different filler modifiers at high speed

[0051]

[0052] Table 2 shows the surface differences of components obtained by printing with different filling modifiers added under high-speed printing according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Table 2, during high-speed printing, the surface of the printed part is relatively rough. When no filling modifier is added, due to the high surface roughness, the surface of the printed part scatters light in a random manner, thus presenting a non-uniform texture. After adding a filling modifier with a single particle size distribution, the surface roughness of the printed part decreases, and the light scattering becomes more regular and concentrated. However, in this case, although the surface roughness of the printed part is reduced, the light scattering on the surface of the printed part will not be completely uniform and regular, and there will still be non-uniform and irregular situations. After adding the filling modifier with the target particle size distribution as described above, the cooperation of particles with different particle sizes makes the surface roughness more uniform. The light on the surface of the printed part is uniform diffuse reflection. This scattering makes the light distribution softer and more uniform, visually presenting a matte, low-reflection effect, thus forming a highly uniform matte texture on the surface of the printed part and achieving the consistency and optimization of the surface texture.

[0053] It can be seen that different particle size distributions of solid particles in the filling modifier will result in different differences in gloss between the components printed at high speed and low speed. Therefore, different preset values of the gloss difference can be set to reflect the consistency requirements for gloss, and filling modifiers with different particle size distributions can be developed according to the spirit of the present disclosure.

[0054] The composition and characteristics of the 3D printing material provided by the present disclosure are introduced above. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a preparation method of a 3D printing material. Figure 2 Shows a method P200 for preparing a 3D printing material according to an embodiment of the present specification. Method P200 includes the following steps:

[0055] S210: Obtain a substrate, a processing aid, and a filling modifier.

[0056] This step prepares the raw materials of the 3D printing material. The substrate, the processing aid, and the filling modifier have been introduced above and will not be elaborated here.

[0057] S220: Mix the filling modifier with the substrate and the processing aid in a preset content to obtain a blended composite material including the filling modifier.

[0058] Among them, the substrate, the processing aid, and the filling modifier can be added in the preset ratio described in the above first aspect, which will not be elaborated here. By fully mixing the substrate, the processing aid, and the filling modifier in a preset content, it can be ensured that the filling modifier is evenly distributed in the 3D printing masterbatch, avoiding the problem of uneven dispersion that may be caused by direct mixing.

[0059] In addition, as described above, the filling modifier at least includes a first filler with a particle size range of 15 - 30 microns and a second filler with a particle size range of 40 - 80 microns. Specifically, the filling modifier may include the first filler and the second filler. Among them, the particle size range of the first filler is 15 - 30 microns. For example, the particle size range of the first filler may be 15 - 20, 20 - 25, and / or 25 - 30 microns. The particle size range of the second filler is 40 - 80 microns. For example, the particle size range of the second filler is 40 - 50, 50 - 60, 60 - 70, and / or 70 - 80 microns. In some embodiments, the filling modifier further includes a third filler with a particle size range of 3 - 10 microns. Specifically, the filling modifier may include the first filler, the second filler, and the third filler. Among them, the first filler and the second filler are the same as those above and will not be elaborated further. The particle size range of the third filler is 3 - 10 microns. For example, the particle size range of the third filler is 3 - 5, 5 - 7, and / or 7 - 10 microns.

[0060] Furthermore, the content of the first filler is 5wt% - 30wt%. For example, the content of the first filler is 5wt% - 10wt%, 10wt% - 20wt%, or 20wt% - 30wt%. The content of the second filler is 5wt% - 20wt%. For example, the content of the second filler is 5wt% - 10wt%, 10wt% - 15wt%, or 15wt% - 20wt%. The content of the third filler is 0wt% - 20wt%. For example, the content of the third filler is 0wt% - 5wt%, 5wt% - 10wt%, 10wt% - 15wt%, or 15wt% - 20wt%. It should be noted that the above content refers to the weight ratio of the first filler, the second filler, and / or the third filler to the 3D printing material.

[0061] S230: After obtaining the blended composite material, the staff can add the blended composite material into an extrusion device, heat it to a fluid state, and then extrude it into granules to obtain a primary masterbatch. Then, the extruded melt is cooled and cut into uniform granules to obtain the final 3D printing masterbatch. The 3D printing masterbatch contains a filling modifier with a particle size range of 15 - 80 microns. Among them, the staff can use a twin - screw processing device to extrude the blended composite material into granules. By preparing the masterbatch first, the batching steps in the wire extrusion process can be simplified, the fluctuations in the production process can be reduced, and the stability of production efficiency and product quality can be improved. At the same time, the production staff can flexibly adjust the formula of the wire during the preparation of the masterbatch to meet the requirements of different 3D printing applications.

[0062] In some embodiments, the 3D printing masterbatch will be further processed into a wire. At this time, the method further includes:

[0063] S240: Dry the 3D printing masterbatch to remove moisture and prevent bubbles or other defects from occurring during subsequent processing.

[0064] S250: Put the dried 3D printing masterbatch into an extrusion device, heat it to melting again and extrude it to obtain 3D printing wire. Among them, the extrusion device can be a single-screw extruder.

[0065] The 3D printing materials and preparation methods provided by the present disclosure are introduced above. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a 3D printing method. Figure 3 The 3D printing method P300 provided according to the embodiments of this specification is shown. The method P300 includes the following steps:

[0066] S310: Load the above-mentioned 3D printing material into a 3D printer.

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the 3D printing material can be the masterbatch introduced above or the wire introduced above.

[0068] S320: Use the 3D printing material to print the target object, and control the printing speed between 10 mm / s and 300 mm / s.

[0069] During the printing process, control the printing speed between 10 mm / s and 300 mm / s. This speed range can not only ensure printing accuracy but also improve production efficiency, avoiding time waste caused by too slow speed or problems such as material breakage and insufficient interlayer bonding force caused by too fast speed. At the same time, within this printing speed range, using the 3D printing material for printing can keep the surface texture of the printed part uniform.

[0070] The following are specific embodiments of the composition designed according to the above content of the present disclosure. It should be clear that the following embodiments are only for explaining the 3D printing materials, preparation methods and 3D printing methods disclosed above, and the specific implementation methods and parameters used are only one or several of the many parameters and methods that conform to the above. Those skilled in the art can use other parameters to perform 3D printing according to the above methods without departing from the core spirit disclosed in the application.

[0071] (1) Model printing conditions: nozzle temperature, 220 °C, 230 °C; printing speed, 50 mm / s, 100 mm / s, 150 mm / s, 200 mm / s, 250 mm / s, 300 mm / s; nozzle diameter, 0.4 mm; layer height, 0.2 mm; line width, 0.4 mm; printer type, BambuLab A1 printer.

[0072] Comparative Example 1: No filling modifier is added. The substrate is PLA, and the content of the substrate is 93 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%.

[0073] Comparative Example 2: A filling modifier with a single particle size dispersion (the first filler) is added. The substrate is PLA, and the content of the substrate is 63 wt%. The content of the first filler is 30 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%.

[0074] Example 1: A filling modifier with a multi - particle size dispersion (the first filler, the second filler, and the third filler) is added. The substrate is PLA, and the content of the substrate is 63 wt%; the content of the first filler is 10 wt%. The content of the second filler is 10 wt%. The content of the third filler is 10 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%.

[0075] (2) Model printing conditions: Printing speed: 50mm / s, 100mm / s, 150mm / s, 200mm / s, 250mm / s, 300mm / s; Nozzle diameter, 0.4mm; Layer height, 0.2mm; Line width, 0.4mm; Printer type, Bambu Lab P1S printer.

[0076] Comparative Example 3: No filling modifier is added. The substrate is PETG, and the content of the substrate is 93 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%.

[0077] Comparative Example 4: A filling modifier with a single particle size dispersion (the first filler) is added. The substrate is PETG, and the content of the substrate is 63 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%. The content of the first filler is 30 wt%.

[0078] Example 2: A filling modifier with a multi - particle size dispersion (the first filler, the second filler, and the third filler) is added. The substrate is PETG, and the content of the substrate is 63 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%. The content of the first filler is 10 wt%. The content of the second filler is 10 wt%. The content of the third filler is 10 wt%.

[0079] Example 3: A filling modifier with a multi - particle size dispersion (the first filler, the second filler, and the third filler) is added. The substrate is PET, and the content of the substrate is 63 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%. The content of the first filler is 10 wt%. The content of the second filler is 10 wt%. The content of the third filler is 10 wt%.

[0080] Example 4: Add filler modifiers with multi-particle size dispersity (the first filler, the second filler, and the third filler). The substrate is ABS, and the content of the substrate is 65 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%. The content of the first filler is 10 wt%. The content of the second filler is 10 wt%. The content of the third filler is 10 wt%.

[0081] Example 5: Add filler modifiers with multi-particle size dispersity (the first filler, the second filler, and the third filler). The substrate is ASA, and the content of the substrate is 65 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%. The content of the first filler is 10 wt%. The content of the second filler is 10 wt%. The content of the third filler is 10 wt%.

[0082] (3)Model printing conditions: Printing speed: 50 mm / s, 100 mm / s, 150 mm / s, 200 mm / s, 250 mm / s, 300 mm / s; Nozzle diameter, 0.4 mm; Layer height, 0.2 mm; Line width, 0.4 mm; Printer type, Bambu Lab X1C printer.

[0083] Example 6: Add filler modifiers with multi-particle size dispersity (the first filler, the second filler, and the third filler). The substrate is PC, and the content of the substrate is 63 wt%. The content of the white masterbatch is 2 wt%. The content of the processing aid is 5 wt%. The content of the first filler is 10 wt%. The content of the second filler is 10 wt%. The content of the third filler is 10 wt%.

[0084] It should be noted that the above first filler, second filler, and third filler can be any one of the filler modifiers described above, which will not be elaborated here. The white masterbatch can be selected according to the specific type of the substrate and the use of the 3D printing material, and is not limited here.

[0085] Surface roughness test method: Use a roughness meter to measure the glossiness (surface reflection value) of the printed parts under different conditions. The larger the glossiness of the roughness tester, the higher the smoothness of the surface of the printed part, and the printed part presents a bright texture. The smaller the glossiness of the roughness tester, the lower the smoothness of the surface of the printed part, and the printed part presents a matte texture. The comparison results of the surface glossiness between the comparative example and the examples are shown in Table 3. It should be noted that the glossiness in Table 3 is measured at 85°.

[0086] Table 3. Glossiness of the printed surface under different printing speed conditions

[0087]

[0088] The above describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the acts or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve the desired result. Additionally, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require a particular order or a sequential order to achieve the desired result. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0089] In summary, after reading this detailed disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the foregoing detailed disclosure may be presented only by way of example and is not necessarily limiting. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art can understand that the present disclosure is intended to encompass various reasonable changes, improvements, and modifications to the embodiments. These changes, improvements, and modifications are intended to be proposed by the present disclosure and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0090] In addition, certain terms in the present disclosure have been used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, it should be emphasized and understood that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "alternative embodiments" in various parts of the present disclosure do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. Additionally, the specific features, structures, or characteristics may be appropriately combined in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0091] It should be understood that in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, for the purpose of helping to understand a feature, for the purpose of simplifying the present disclosure, the present disclosure combines various features in a single embodiment, figure, or its description. However, this does not mean that the combination of these features is necessary, and those skilled in the art may very well extract some of these features as separate embodiments for understanding when reading the present disclosure. That is to say, the embodiments in the present disclosure can also be understood as an integration of multiple sub-embodiments. And it also holds when the content of each sub-embodiment contains fewer features than all the features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

[0092] Each patent, patent application, published patent application, and other materials cited in the present disclosure, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, documents, literature, etc. (excluding any historical examination documents related thereto), are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes relevant to the present disclosure, for example, in the specification and claims of the present disclosure. However, if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the descriptions, definitions, and / or terms used in the above materials and those used in the present disclosure, the descriptions, definitions, and / or terms used in the present disclosure shall prevail.

[0093] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments of the application disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other modified embodiments are also within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure are merely examples and not limitations. Those skilled in the art can adopt alternative configurations according to the embodiments in the present disclosure to implement the application in the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the embodiments precisely described in the application.

Claims

1. A 3D printing material, characterized in that, Comprising: Base material; Processing aid; And Filler modifier, which is used to adjust the surface reflectance of components printed at different speeds, the filler modifier is insoluble in the base material and the processing aid, and does not melt during the printing process; the filler modifier has a target particle size distribution, and the filler modifier at least includes: a first filler, a second filler, and a third filler, the particle size range of the first filler is 15 - 30 microns, the particle size range of the second filler is 40 - 80 microns, and the particle size range of the third filler is 3 - 10 microns, Under the action of the filler modifier, the component printed from the 3D printing material at a speed less than or equal to 50 mm / s has a first glossiness, and the filler modifier makes the component printed from the 3D printing material at a speed greater than 150 mm / s have a second glossiness, and the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness is less than or equal to 10.

2. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, wherein the target particle size distribution makes the difference between the first glossiness and the second glossiness less than or equal to 10.

3. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sum of the components contained in the 3D printing material is equal to 100%; Wherein: the content of the base material is 50wt% - 90wt%, the content of the processing aid is 0 - 5wt%, and the content of the filler modifier is 5wt% - 30wt%.

4. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target particle size distribution is: the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 3 - 80 microns.

5. The 3D printing material according to claim 4, wherein The target particle size distribution is: the particle size range of the filler modifier is between 30 - 50 microns.

6. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Wherein: The content of the first filler is 5wt% - 30wt%; The content of the second filler is 5wt% - 20wt%; and The content of the third filler is 5wt% - 20wt%.

7. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filler modifier includes inorganic filler and organic filler; The inorganic filler includes at least one of talcum powder, calcium carbonate, silica, kaolin, clay, or glass microspheres; The organic filler includes organic matting agent.

8. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, wherein The base material includes at least one of polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate copolymer, acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile - styrene - acrylate copolymer, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, or polyamide.

9. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing aid includes at least one of antioxidant, hydrolysis inhibitor, plasticizer, lubricant, or chain extender.

10. The 3D printing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 3D printing material is a masterbatch or a wire.

11. A preparation method of a 3D printing material, characterized in that, Comprising: Obtaining a base material, a processing aid, and a filler modifier; the filler modifier is used to adjust the surface reflectance of components printed at different speeds, and at least includes a first filler with a particle size range of 15 - 30 microns, a second filler with a particle size range of 40 - 80 microns, and a third filler with a particle size range of 3 - 10 microns; Mixing the filler modifier with the base material and the processing aid at a preset content to obtain a blended composite material including the filler modifier; Heat the blend composite material to melting and extrude it to obtain the 3D printing material according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the 3D printing material contains the filled modifier with a particle size range of 3-80 microns.

12. The preparation method according to claim 11, wherein The 3D printing material includes a 3D printing masterbatch. The step of heating the blend composite material to melting and extruding it to obtain the 3D printing material includes: Heat the blend composite material to a flowing state and extrude it into granules to obtain the 3D printing masterbatch.

13. The preparation method according to claim 12, wherein The 3D printing material further includes 3D printing wire. The step of heating the blend composite material to melting and extruding it to obtain the 3D printing material further includes: Re-heat the 3D printing masterbatch to melting and extrude it to obtain the 3D printing wire.

14. The preparation method according to claim 11, wherein the content of the first filler is 5wt%-30wt%; the content of the second filler is 5wt%-20wt%; and the content of the third filler is 5wt%-20wt%.

15. A 3D printing method, characterized in that, It includes: Load the 3D printing material according to any one of claims 1-10 into a 3D printer; and Use the 3D printing material to print an object and control the printing speed between 10 mm / s and 300 mm / s.

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