Super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on surface of insulator and preparation method of super-hydrophobic coating material

Abstract

The invention relates to a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator and a preparation method of the super-hydrophobic coating material. The coating material comprises hyperbranched polysiloxane, fluorinated graphene nanosheets, mesoporous silica, silane modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets, aluminum nitride nanoparticles, organic silicon resin, bisphenol A epoxy resin, deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and a pH regulator. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing tungsten disulfide nanosheets through a hydrothermal method, modifying the tungsten disulfide nanosheets with a silane coupling agent to improve the dispersibility, uniformly dispersing the tungsten disulfide nanosheets, fluorinated graphene nanosheets, mesoporous silica and aluminum nitride nanoparticles to form a nanofiller dispersion liquid, mixing the nanofiller dispersion liquid with hyperbranched polysiloxane, organic silicon resin and bisphenol A epoxy resin, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain the composite material. A high-speed shearing dispersion and planetary stirring defoaming process is adopted; the coating material has excellent super-hydrophobicity, anti-pollution flashover capability and weather resistance, can effectively improve the protection performance of an insulator and prolong the service life, and is suitable for a long-term operation environment of power equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new materials, and in particular to a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the power system, the long-term stable operation of insulators is crucial to ensure the safety of transmission and distribution lines. Due to environmental pollution and humid climate, pollutants and moisture are easily accumulated on the surface of insulators, resulting in increased leakage current and even flashover. In order to reduce flashover accidents, the prior art generally adopts a surface coating method, which applies a coating material with hydrophobic and anti-fouling properties on the surface of the insulator to reduce the adhesion of pollutants and improve the flashover resistance of the insulator.

[0003] However, the existing anti-pollution flashover coating materials still have certain technical bottlenecks. Some coating materials are not hydrophobic and weather-resistant enough, and it is difficult to maintain stable performance for a long time under complex environmental conditions, resulting in coating failure and affecting the protective effect of insulators. In addition, some nanofillers have poor dispersibility and are easy to agglomerate in the coating, resulting in uneven coating surface, reducing the wear resistance and adhesion of the coating. In addition, the preparation process of some coating materials is relatively complicated, which affects the feasibility of large-scale production.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a super-hydrophobic coating material and a preparation method thereof for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator and a preparation method thereof, so as to improve the protective performance of the insulator.

[0006] The present application provides a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator, comprising the following components in parts by weight: Hyperbranched polysiloxane 12 parts; 2.5 parts of fluorinated graphene nanosheets; Mesoporous silica 7 parts; Silane modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets 3 parts; Aluminum nitride nanoparticles 5 parts; 45 parts of silicone resin; Bisphenol A epoxy resin 10 parts; Deionized water 20 parts; 80 parts of anhydrous ethanol; pH adjuster 0.3 parts.

[0007] Furthermore, the aluminum nitride nanoparticles have an average particle size of 50 nm to 100 nm and have high thermal conductivity (≥ 100 W / m·K), which is used to improve the thermal stability and electrical corrosion resistance of the coating.

[0008] Furthermore, the silicone resin is methylphenyl silicone resin to improve the high temperature resistance and ultraviolet stability of the coating.

[0009] Furthermore, the pH regulator is selected from one of sodium acetate and sodium citrate, and is used to adjust the surface charge state of the nanofiller to improve the dispersion stability and prevent flocculation and sedimentation.

[0010] The present application provides a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator, comprising: Dissolve 3 parts of sodium tungstate in 50 parts of deionized water, stir to form a uniform transparent solution, slowly add 1.8 parts of sodium sulfide under stirring conditions, and adjust the pH value to 8; transfer the resulting solution to a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined autoclave, hydrothermally react at 200°C for 24 hours, cool to room temperature, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, wash with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dry to obtain tungsten disulfide nanosheets; 1.2 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were added to 40 parts of anhydrous ethanol, ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes, and then 3 parts of tungsten disulfide nanosheets were added; stirred at 40°C for 6 hours to allow the silane molecules to bond to the surface of the tungsten disulfide nanosheets, followed by centrifugation, washing and drying at 80°C for 6 hours to obtain silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets; In a mixed solution of 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 20 parts of deionized water, 0.3 parts of a pH regulator was added and stirred for 30 minutes, and 2.5 parts of fluorinated graphene nanosheets, 7 parts of mesoporous silica, 5 parts of aluminum nitride nanoparticles and 3 parts of silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets were added in sequence, and ultrasonic dispersion was performed at an ultrasonic power of 300 W and a frequency of 40 kHz for 60 minutes to uniformly disperse the nanofiller in the mixed solution to form a nanofiller dispersion; 12 parts of hyperbranched polysiloxane, 45 parts of silicone resin and 10 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin were added to 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol solution, and stirred for 60 minutes to form a resin matrix; the nanofiller dispersion was slowly dripped into the resin matrix, and stirred at 800 rpm for 2 hours to ensure uniform distribution of the nanofiller, followed by high-speed shear dispersion at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes, and defoaming was performed at 50°C planetary stirring for 60 minutes to improve filler uniformity and remove microbubbles; The obtained coating material is stored as a liquid dispersion suitable for subsequent coating; alternatively, the coating material is pre-cured at 80° C. for 6 hours to obtain a plastic coating precursor.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include: (1) The synergistic effect of fluorinated graphene nanosheets, hyperbranched polysiloxane and silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets is used to form a low surface energy structure on the coating surface, which significantly improves the hydrophobicity and self-cleaning ability, reduces the accumulation of moisture and pollutants on the surface of the insulator, and effectively reduces the risk of flashover and improves the operational stability of the power system. (2) The weather resistance of the coating is improved by the reasonable ratio of silicone resin and bisphenol A epoxy resin, so that it can operate stably for a long time under high temperature, humidity and strong ultraviolet light environment. In addition, the addition of aluminum nitride nanoparticles improves the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the coating, prolongs its service life and reduces maintenance costs. (3) The introduction of mesoporous silica and aluminum nitride nanoparticles enables the coating to maintain excellent structural stability under high temperature conditions, enhances its electrical insulation performance, effectively prevents the degradation of dielectric properties, and meets the long-term use requirements of insulators under high voltage environments. (4) Ultrasonic dispersion, high-speed shear stirring and planetary stirring defoaming are used to make the dispersion of nanofillers in the matrix more uniform, ensuring the stability and consistency of the coating. At the same time, by being able to be stored as a liquid dispersion, the coating material is suitable for a variety of construction methods, improving the convenience and adaptability of on-site applications. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] Many specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0013] The first embodiment of the present application provides a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator. The first embodiment of the present application provides a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator.

[0014] The super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator provided in this embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight: Hyperbranched polysiloxane 12 parts; 2.5 parts of fluorinated graphene nanosheets; Mesoporous silica 7 parts; Silane modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets 3 parts; Aluminum nitride nanoparticles 5 parts; 45 parts of silicone resin; Bisphenol A epoxy resin 10 parts; Deionized water 20 parts; 80 parts of anhydrous ethanol; pH adjuster 0.3 parts.

[0015] The aluminum nitride nanoparticles have an average particle size of 50 nm to 100 nm and have high thermal conductivity (≥ 100 W / m·K), and are used to improve the thermal stability and electrical corrosion resistance of the coating.

[0016] The organic silicon resin is methylphenyl organic silicon resin, so as to improve the high temperature resistance and ultraviolet stability of the coating.

[0017] The pH regulator is selected from sodium acetate and sodium citrate, and is used to adjust the surface charge state of the nanofiller to improve the dispersion stability and prevent flocculation and sedimentation.

[0018] The main components of the coating material include hyperbranched polysiloxane, fluorinated graphene nanosheets, mesoporous silica, silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets, aluminum nitride nanoparticles, silicone resin, bisphenol A epoxy resin, deionized water, anhydrous ethanol and pH regulator. The reasonable proportion of each component makes the coating have excellent hydrophobicity, electrical insulation, high temperature resistance and pollution resistance, which can effectively reduce the leakage current on the surface of the insulator and reduce the occurrence of flashover accidents.

[0019] Hyperbranched polysiloxane is used to construct the main structure of the coating, giving the coating high weather resistance, flexibility and good interface compatibility. The multi-branched structure of the material provides a large specific surface area, allowing it to be evenly distributed in the coating and form a dense network after curing, improving the adhesion and wear resistance of the coating. Fluorinated graphene nanosheets, as a low-energy surface additive, can reduce the free energy of the coating surface, improve the superhydrophobic property, make water droplets form a high contact angle on the coating surface, reduce the adhesion of water and pollutants, and improve the self-cleaning ability of the insulator.

[0020] The addition of mesoporous silica helps to improve the porosity and pollutant control ability of the coating. Its high specific surface area can effectively adsorb pollutants in the air and release them under the action of rain or wind, thereby maintaining the long-term cleanliness of the coating surface. Silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets are used to improve the wear resistance, thermal conductivity and hydrophobicity of the coating. Tungsten disulfide itself has a low friction coefficient and can enhance the friction resistance of the coating. After silane modification, the nanosheets can be more evenly dispersed in the coating matrix, enhancing the bonding force between the matrix and the filler, and improving the weather resistance and mechanical strength of the material.

[0021] Aluminum nitride nanoparticles as fillers can improve the thermal stability and electrical insulation performance of the coating. The high thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride can effectively reduce local heat accumulation, improve the stability of the coating in high temperature environments, and avoid performance degradation due to thermal aging. In addition, aluminum nitride also has good electrical insulation properties, which can improve the insulation performance of the coating, reduce leakage current, and improve the safety of the power system.

[0022] Silicone resin and bisphenol A epoxy resin together constitute the base material of the coating. The former provides good flexibility and weather resistance, allowing the coating to adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of the insulator and prevent cracking caused by temperature fluctuations. The latter enhances the mechanical strength of the coating, allowing it to maintain good wear resistance and adhesion when exposed to the external environment for a long time. The reasonable ratio of the two ensures the long-term stability of the coating material, while taking into account mechanical strength and elasticity, so that it can adapt to various use environments of insulators.

[0023] Deionized water and anhydrous ethanol are used as dispersion media to promote uniform mixing of the components during the preparation of the coating material and to control the viscosity so that the coating material has good rheological properties during the coating process. The addition of pH regulator is used to adjust the pH of the coating system, ensure the uniform dispersion of the nanofiller, prevent agglomeration, and improve the stability and service life of the coating.

[0024] The synergistic effect of the above components enables the super-hydrophobic coating material provided in the embodiment to show excellent performance in the anti-pollution flashover application of insulators. Its scientific and reasonable component ratio and optimized preparation process not only improve the super-hydrophobicity and pollution resistance of the coating, but also enhance the mechanical stability, weather resistance and electrical insulation performance of the coating, providing reliable guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the power system.

[0025] Furthermore, the aluminum nitride nanoparticles have an average particle size of 50 nm to 100 nm and have high thermal conductivity (≥ 100 W / m·K), which is used to improve the thermal stability and electrical corrosion resistance of the coating.

[0026] The super-hydrophobic coating material provided in this embodiment comprises aluminum nitride nanoparticles, the key role of which in the coating is to improve the overall thermal stability and electrical corrosion resistance. As an inorganic filler with high thermal conductivity, the size and uniform dispersion of aluminum nitride nanoparticles are crucial for optimizing coating performance. In this embodiment, the average particle size of aluminum nitride nanoparticles is controlled between 50 nm and 100 nm to ensure good dispersion in the coating system and to enable it to remain evenly distributed after forming the coating, thereby exerting its thermal conductivity and insulation properties.

[0027] Aluminum nitride is a material with high thermal conductivity. In this embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the selected aluminum nitride nanoparticles is not less than 100 W / m·K, which can effectively reduce the heat accumulation on the coating surface. During the operation of the insulator, due to external environmental factors such as sunlight, Joule heat generated by current passing through, and changes in ambient temperature, the coating may be exposed to thermal stress, resulting in material aging, deformation, and even cracking. Therefore, the introduction of aluminum nitride nanoparticles can significantly improve the thermal diffusion capacity of the coating, enable rapid heat conduction and distribution, avoid the formation of local hot spots, and thus reduce the risk of thermal degradation of the coating material during long-term use.

[0028] In addition, aluminum nitride itself is an electrical insulating material that can improve the overall electrical performance of the coating, especially when used on the surface of high-voltage insulators, its excellent electrical insulation can effectively prevent the coating from being damaged by electrical corrosion in a high electric field environment. In long-term operation, the surface of the insulator may be affected by factors such as pollution flashover and local electric field enhancement, and the uniform distribution of aluminum nitride nanoparticles can effectively disperse the electric field and reduce charge accumulation, thereby reducing material degradation caused by electrical corrosion and increasing the service life of the coating.

[0029] By controlling the average particle size of aluminum nitride nanoparticles to be between 50 nm and 100 nm, optimized thermal conductivity and insulation properties can be achieved without affecting the mechanical properties of the coating. Smaller particle sizes can increase the specific surface area, improve the interfacial bonding between the filler and the substrate, and enhance the overall uniformity and stability of the coating, while excessively large particle sizes may cause dispersion difficulties and affect the continuity of the coating. Therefore, this embodiment ensures its feasibility and applicability in the coating system when optimizing the particle size range of aluminum nitride nanoparticles.

[0030] The super-hydrophobic coating material provided in this embodiment ensures that the coating can maintain stable physical properties and electrical insulation properties under high temperature and high electric field environments by reasonably selecting the particle size range and thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride nanoparticles. Its optimized dispersion method can effectively improve the uniformity of the coating, reduce the local electric field effect, enhance the long-term stable operation capability of the insulator, and provide reliable protection for the safe operation of the power system.

[0031] Furthermore, the silicone resin is methylphenyl silicone resin to improve the high temperature resistance and ultraviolet stability of the coating.

[0032] The super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of the insulator provided in this embodiment comprises a methylphenyl silicone resin, the role of which in the coating is mainly reflected in improving high temperature resistance and UV stability, so that it can maintain excellent performance even when exposed to complex outdoor environments for a long time. Methylphenyl silicone resin is an optimized weather-resistant silicone resin, which contains both methyl and phenyl functional groups in its molecular structure, giving the coating excellent heat resistance and UV degradation resistance, while maintaining appropriate flexibility, so that the coating can adapt to temperature changes and mechanical stresses on the surface of the insulator.

[0033] Methylphenyl silicone resin exhibits better thermal stability than traditional methyl silicone resin in high temperature environment. The introduction of phenyl groups in the main chain of the molecule enhances the thermal stability of the Si-O-Si bond, thereby effectively reducing the rate of oxidative decomposition at high temperature. Ordinary methyl silicone resin may lose adhesion due to thermal degradation when exposed to heat for a long time, while methylphenyl silicone resin can maintain the integrity of its molecular structure at higher temperatures, so that the coating can be stably attached to the surface of the insulator for a long time even in a high-temperature operating environment, and will not crack, powder or fall off due to thermal stress. This feature is particularly important for transmission lines in high-load operation, which can effectively extend the service life of the coating and reduce the maintenance requirements caused by material degradation.

[0034] In terms of UV stability, methylphenyl silicone resin has more advantages than traditional silicone resin. Coating materials exposed to strong sunlight for a long time often break their molecular structure due to UV radiation, resulting in yellowing, hardening and even powdering, which reduces the durability and hydrophobicity of the coating. The presence of phenyl groups can effectively improve the UV absorption capacity of the resin and reduce the damage of high-energy UV rays to the silicon-oxygen bond, thereby significantly improving the UV aging resistance of the coating, allowing it to maintain good physical and chemical stability even after long-term outdoor exposure. In addition, the hydrophobicity of the methyl group further enhances the anti-pollution ability of the coating, making it less likely to absorb water and swell in a humid environment, thereby avoiding performance degradation caused by hydrolysis or humidity changes.

[0035] By using methylphenyl silicone resin in the coating material, not only the tolerance of the material in high temperature environment is improved, so that it can maintain a stable structure and function for a long time, but also the coating's resistance to ultraviolet rays is enhanced, delaying the material aging process. The optimized ratio and reasonable dispersion of the resin enable it to form a uniform cross-linked structure with other components in the coating, ensuring that the final coating material can still maintain excellent adhesion, flexibility and durability in harsh outdoor environments, thereby effectively extending the service life of the anti-pollution flashover coating on the surface of the insulator and improving the operational reliability of the power system.

[0036] The super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of insulators provided in this embodiment contains a pH regulator to ensure the stability of the nanofiller in the dispersion system and effectively prevent the particles from flocculating and settling in the solution. The uniformity of the dispersion of the nanofiller plays a decisive role in the performance of the final coating. If the particles agglomerate or settle in the solution, the uniformity and anti-pollution flashover ability of the coating will be seriously affected. Therefore, an appropriate amount of pH regulator is introduced into the system to regulate the surface charge state of the nanofiller so that it is stably dispersed in the coating matrix, thereby improving the performance and service life of the coating.

[0037] The pH regulator is selected from one of sodium acetate and sodium citrate, and can change the charge distribution on the surface of the nanoparticles by adjusting the pH value of the system, so that the particles maintain appropriate electrostatic repulsion in the dispersion medium, and avoid the agglomeration phenomenon caused by mutual attraction between particles. Sodium acetate, as a weak alkaline regulator, can form a buffer system in an aqueous solution, provide a moderate pH value, and due to its small molecular structure, it can be quickly dissolved and evenly distributed in the system, so that the ionic strength of the solution can be controlled, thereby stabilizing the dispersion state of the nanoparticles. Sodium citrate, as a tricarboxylate, can not only effectively adjust the pH value, but also weakly adsorb to the surface of the nanofiller through its carboxyl group, thereby providing additional stabilization, making the particles more evenly dispersed in the solution, and reducing the flocculation phenomenon that may occur during long-term storage.

[0038] The second embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator, comprising: Dissolve 3 parts of sodium tungstate in 50 parts of deionized water, stir to form a uniform transparent solution, slowly add 1.8 parts of sodium sulfide under stirring conditions, and adjust the pH value to 8; transfer the resulting solution to a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined autoclave, hydrothermally react at 200°C for 24 hours, cool to room temperature, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, wash with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dry to obtain tungsten disulfide nanosheets; 1.2 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were added to 40 parts of anhydrous ethanol, ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes, and then 3 parts of tungsten disulfide nanosheets were added; stirred at 40°C for 6 hours to allow the silane molecules to bond to the surface of the tungsten disulfide nanosheets, followed by centrifugation, washing and drying at 80°C for 6 hours to obtain silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets; In a mixed solution of 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 20 parts of deionized water, 0.3 parts of a pH regulator was added and stirred for 30 minutes, and 2.5 parts of fluorinated graphene nanosheets, 7 parts of mesoporous silica, 5 parts of aluminum nitride nanoparticles and 3 parts of silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets were added in sequence, and ultrasonic dispersion was performed at an ultrasonic power of 300 W and a frequency of 40 kHz for 60 minutes to uniformly disperse the nanofiller in the mixed solution to form a nanofiller dispersion; 12 parts of hyperbranched polysiloxane, 45 parts of silicone resin and 10 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin were added to 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol solution, and stirred for 60 minutes to form a resin matrix; the nanofiller dispersion was slowly dripped into the resin matrix, and stirred at 800 rpm for 2 hours to ensure uniform distribution of the nanofiller, followed by high-speed shear dispersion at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes, and defoaming was performed at 50°C planetary stirring for 60 minutes to improve filler uniformity and remove microbubbles; The obtained coating material is stored as a liquid dispersion suitable for subsequent coating; alternatively, the coating material is pre-cured at 80° C. for 6 hours to obtain a plastic coating precursor.

[0039] During the preparation process, 3 parts of sodium tungstate were first dissolved in 50 parts of deionized water, and a uniform and transparent solution was formed by stirring. Under stirring conditions, 1.8 parts of sodium sulfide were slowly added, and the pH value of the solution was precisely controlled using a pH regulator to ensure that the synthesis process of tungsten disulfide nanosheets was carried out under suitable pH conditions. Experiments have shown that when the pH value is adjusted to about 8, the generation efficiency of tungsten disulfide is high, and the morphology of the particles is relatively uniform. Therefore, in this step, the pH regulator can be selected as an appropriate amount of sodium acetate or sodium citrate to buffer the pH value of the solution and ensure the stability of the nucleation and growth process of the nanoparticles. Subsequently, the mixed solution was transferred to a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined autoclave, hydrothermally reacted at 200°C for 24 hours, and after cooling to room temperature, the precipitate was separated by centrifugation, washed multiple times with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and finally dried in a vacuum environment to obtain high-purity tungsten disulfide nanosheets.

[0040] In order to improve the dispersibility and interfacial compatibility of tungsten disulfide nanosheets in organic systems, silane modification was carried out in anhydrous ethanol system. First, 1.2 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were added to 40 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonic technology was used to disperse for 30 minutes to evenly distribute the coupling agent in the solution. Then, 3 parts of tungsten disulfide nanosheets were slowly added and stirred at 40°C for 6 hours to ensure that the coupling agent can fully combine with the surface of the nanosheets. After centrifugal separation to remove the unreacted coupling agent, ethanol was used to wash to remove the residue, and finally dried at 80°C for 6 hours to obtain silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets.

[0041] In the dispersion process of nanofillers, in order to ensure the uniform distribution of fluorinated graphene nanosheets, mesoporous silica, aluminum nitride nanoparticles and silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets in the coating material, it is necessary to prepare a nanofiller dispersion first. Mix 20 parts of deionized water with 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and add 0.3 parts of pH regulator to ensure that the pH of the system is moderate, thereby optimizing the surface charge state of the nanofiller and preventing agglomeration between particles. In this process, sodium acetate, as a pH regulator, can release an appropriate amount of anions in the solution, thereby adjusting the ionic strength of the dispersion medium and improving the stability of the filler. After stirring evenly, 2.5 parts of fluorinated graphene nanosheets, 7 parts of mesoporous silica, 5 parts of aluminum nitride nanoparticles and 3 parts of silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets were added in turn, and ultrasonic dispersion treatment was used to make the nanofiller reach a stable and uniform dispersion state in the system. The ultrasonic power was set at 300 W and the frequency was set at 40 kHz for 60 min to fully destroy the weak attraction between particles and ensure that the filler was evenly distributed in the dispersion medium to form a stable nanofiller dispersion.

[0042] During the preparation of the resin matrix, 12 parts of hyperbranched polysiloxane, 45 parts of silicone resin and 10 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin were added to 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol solution and stirred for 60 minutes to ensure that the components were fully mixed and a uniform resin matrix was formed. Subsequently, the prepared nanofiller dispersion was slowly added to the resin matrix and the stirring speed was maintained at 800 rpm for 2 hours to uniformly distribute the nanofiller in the resin system to improve the mechanical properties and anti-fouling flashover effect of the final coating. Subsequently, high-speed shear dispersion at 3000 rpm was used for 30 minutes to further enhance the uniformity of the nanofiller in the matrix and prevent the filler from stratification or sedimentation during storage. In order to remove the tiny bubbles in the system and improve the stability and uniformity of the coating material, a planetary stirring technology at 50°C was used for 60 minutes of defoaming treatment to allow the microbubbles in the system to fully escape and ensure the stability of the rheological properties of the final material.

[0043] The obtained coating material can be stored as a liquid dispersion according to the actual application requirements to suit different coating processes. If storage and subsequent application are required, the material can be directly stored in a sealed container to maintain its uniformity and fluidity. If the stability of the coating material needs to be further improved, a pre-curing treatment at 80°C for 6 hours can be used to partially cross-link the material to form a plastic coating precursor for subsequent construction and application. This pre-curing treatment method can not only improve the storage stability of the material, but also optimize its construction adaptability, so that it can better demonstrate superhydrophobic properties and anti-fouling flash performance when used.

[0044] In the final processing stage of the coating material, different storage and subsequent processing methods can be selected according to different application requirements. If you want to maintain good fluidity and operability of the coating material, you can store it as a liquid dispersion, which means that the material always remains in liquid form and all components are evenly dispersed, so that it can be directly used in processes such as spraying, dipping or brushing. This form of coating material is easy to apply and can adapt to different coating methods. It also ensures that the nanofiller will not settle or agglomerate during storage, ensuring uniformity during construction.

[0045] If you want the coating material to have a certain shaping ability in subsequent use, you can choose to pre-cure it at 80°C. This treatment method uses moderate heating to cause the resin to undergo a partial cross-linking reaction, so that the coating material is semi-cured during storage, but it can still be processed or re-flowed under certain conditions. This treatment method is suitable for specific construction processes, such as application scenarios that require final curing after molding. It can also improve the anti-sagging performance of the coating material so that it will not flow or have uneven thickness due to gravity when coated on complex curved surfaces.

[0046] The choice of these two methods depends on the specific construction requirements. Liquid dispersions are easy to apply directly and are suitable for quick application. Pre-curing treatment is suitable for specific construction processes, which allows the material to maintain a certain degree of processability while having better stability and construction adaptability. Regardless of which method is used, the ultimate goal is to ensure that the coating material can maintain uniformity and stability during use, while improving its adaptability in different application environments.

[0047] The super-hydrophobic coating material prepared by the above method exhibits excellent performance in many aspects. Its surface hydrophobic angle reaches more than 150°, which is higher than the 110° to 120° of ordinary silicone coatings, significantly enhancing the rolling ability of water droplets, making it difficult for dirt and moisture to adhere, and maintaining the long-term cleanliness of the insulator surface. In terms of anti-pollution flashover performance, after the pollution flashover voltage test, the coating can increase the pollution flashover voltage by 35% to 50%, effectively reducing leakage current and reducing the failure rate of power equipment in complex environments.

[0048] In terms of mechanical stability, the adhesion test results of the coating show that it is superior to traditional coatings in both pull-off strength tests and scratch resistance experiments. The coating can remain intact after 10,000 cycles of friction without peeling or cracking, ensuring durability during long-term operation. In addition, after 1000 hours of UV aging testing, the coating still maintains its super hydrophobicity, and the contact angle decreases by no more than 5°, which is a decrease of 15° to 20° compared to ordinary anti-fouling flash coatings, showing stronger weather resistance and anti-aging capabilities. In high temperature environments, the coating can withstand continuous heat exposure of 250°C without decomposition or performance degradation, ensuring that it remains stable under extreme climate conditions.

[0049] The coating's tolerance in extreme temperature and humidity environments has also been verified. In the cyclic temperature change test from -40°C to 200°C, no cracks or performance degradation occurred, ensuring reliability under different climatic conditions. In addition, in the salt spray corrosion test, the coating showed excellent chemical resistance and stability. Even after 720 hours of continuous exposure, there was no obvious degradation or shedding, which is nearly three times the 240-hour tolerance of conventional organic coatings. In an electric field environment, after a 50 kV / cm voltage resistance test, the coating can still remain intact, preventing the occurrence of partial discharge and ensuring the long-term safe operation of power grid equipment.

[0050] From the above test data, it can be seen that the super-hydrophobic coating material has good performance in weather resistance, mechanical stability and anti-fouling flash ability.

[0051] Although the present application is disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technical personnel in this field may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: Hyperbranched polysiloxane 12 parts; 2.5 parts of fluorinated graphene nanosheets; Mesoporous silica 7 parts; Silane modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets 3 parts; Aluminum nitride nanoparticles 5 parts; 45 parts of silicone resin; Bisphenol A epoxy resin 10 parts; Deionized water 20 parts; 80 parts of anhydrous ethanol; pH adjuster 0.3 parts.

2. The super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum nitride nanoparticles have an average particle size of 50 nm to 100 nm and have high thermal conductivity (≥ 100 W / m·K), and are used to improve the thermal stability and electrical corrosion resistance of the coating.

3. The super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on insulator surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic silicon resin is methylphenyl organic silicon resin, so as to improve the high temperature resistance and ultraviolet stability of the coating.

4. The super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on insulator surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH regulator is selected from one of sodium acetate and sodium citrate, and is used to adjust the surface charge state of the nanofiller to improve the dispersion stability and prevent flocculation and sedimentation.

5. A method for preparing a super-hydrophobic coating material for preventing pollution flashover on the surface of an insulator, characterized in that: include: Dissolve 3 parts of sodium tungstate in 50 parts of deionized water, stir to form a uniform transparent solution, slowly add 1.8 parts of sodium sulfide under stirring conditions, and adjust the pH value to 8; transfer the resulting solution to a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined autoclave, hydrothermally react at 200°C for 24 hours, cool to room temperature, centrifuge to separate the precipitate, wash with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dry to obtain tungsten disulfide nanosheets; 1.2 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane were added to 40 parts of anhydrous ethanol, and ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 minutes, and then 3 parts of tungsten disulfide nanosheets were added; the mixture was stirred at 40°C for 6 hours to allow the silane molecules to bond to the surface of the tungsten disulfide nanosheets, and then centrifuged, washed and dried at 80°C for 6 hours to obtain silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets; In a mixed solution of 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 20 parts of deionized water, 0.3 parts of a pH regulator was added and stirred for 30 minutes, and 2.5 parts of fluorinated graphene nanosheets, 7 parts of mesoporous silica, 5 parts of aluminum nitride nanoparticles and 3 parts of silane-modified tungsten disulfide nanosheets were added in sequence, and ultrasonic dispersion was performed at an ultrasonic power of 300 W and a frequency of 40 kHz for 60 minutes to uniformly disperse the nanofiller in the mixed solution to form a nanofiller dispersion; 12 parts of hyperbranched polysiloxane, 45 parts of silicone resin and 10 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin were added to 20 parts of anhydrous ethanol solution, and stirred for 60 minutes to form a resin matrix; the nanofiller dispersion was slowly dripped into the resin matrix, and stirred at 800 rpm for 2 hours to ensure uniform distribution of the nanofiller, followed by high-speed shear dispersion at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes, and defoaming was performed at 50°C planetary stirring for 60 minutes to improve filler uniformity and remove microbubbles; The obtained coating material is stored as a liquid dispersion suitable for subsequent coating; alternatively, the coating material is pre-cured at 80°C for 6 hours to obtain a shaped coating precursor.