A protective braking device for a wind turbine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a protective braking device for a wind turbine, which relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment. The key points of its technical solution are as follows: It includes a blade and a machine box, and further includes a generator, a speed change mechanism and a braking control mechanism arranged inside the machine box. The generator is arranged on a machine base with a hollow structure in the bearing part. Among them, the speed change mechanism includes two sets of gearboxes a and b that are engaged in transmission. One end of the gearbox a is connected to the blade through a shaft rod a with a gear a. In the protective braking device for the generator in the present invention, through the mutual conversion between the generator speed and the gas flow rate and velocity, and by using the characteristics of the gas under different flow rates and velocities, the heat dissipation and cooling of the generator, the control of the gas flow direction and the braking of the generator speed are respectively achieved, so that the generator forms an automatic and cyclic switching between its own heat dissipation protection and speed limit protection, further enhancing the protection of the generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a protective braking device for a wind turbine generator. Background Art

[0002] A wind turbine generator is a power generation device that converts wind energy into mechanical work. The mechanical work drives the rotor to rotate, and finally outputs alternating current. The blades rotate under the action of wind, converting the kinetic energy of the wind into the mechanical energy of the wind turbine shaft. The generator rotates to generate electricity driven by the wind turbine shaft;

[0003] Currently, the protection of wind turbine generators mainly focuses on avoiding related problems caused by the excessive rotation speed of the wind turbine shaft, which increases the operating load of the generator. During conventional wind power generation, for the control problem of the wind turbine shaft rotation speed, it mainly relies on the automatic monitoring of the wind turbine shaft rotation speed and the disc mechanical brake to achieve the speed limit effect. Although this method can achieve the purpose of limiting the speed of the wind turbine shaft, this control form needs to be realized by means of different types of equipment. On the one hand, the number of involved equipment is relatively large, on the other hand, the operation process is relatively complex. Moreover, such control adopts an operation mode of monitoring first and then braking. If the power is cut off or the monitoring equipment fails, the braking equipment will not be able to operate.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, this application proposes a protective braking device for a wind turbine generator. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective braking device for a wind turbine generator.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A protective braking device for a wind turbine, including a blade and a machine case, further including a generator, a speed-changing mechanism and a braking control mechanism disposed inside the machine case. The generator is disposed on a machine base with a hollow structure in the bearing part; wherein, the speed-changing mechanism includes two gearboxes a and b in meshing transmission. One end of the gearbox a is connected to the blade through a shaft rod a with a gear a, and the gear a is driven by the blade to drive the gearbox a. The other end of the gearbox a is connected to the transmission end of the generator through a shaft rod b with a rotating disk. One end of the gearbox b is provided with a gear b that meshes with the gear a and drives the gearbox b. The other end of the gearbox b is provided with a turbine air pump driven by internal teeth of the gearbox b. A shaft body with a gear c is disposed on the rotating end of the turbine in the turbine air pump and extends outside the turbine air pump. The air inlet port of the turbine air pump is communicated with an air inlet cover disposed on the machine case through a pipe body; The braking control mechanism includes a medium circulation box a, a medium circulation box b and a braking drive box that are longitudinally arranged in sequence and have a communicating structure. The inside of the medium circulation box a is hollow, and one end is communicated with the air outlet port of the turbine air pump through a pipe body, and the other end is communicated with the inside of the machine base through a drainage cover with a pipe body. A communication port b for communicating the drainage cover with the inside of the medium circulation box a is disposed at the connection between the medium circulation box a and the drainage cover. An adjusting member that can be moved by the thrust generated by the air flow inside the medium circulation box a and can close the communication port b is disposed inside the medium circulation box a at the communication port b. The adjusting member is connected to a cover plate that can control the air flow inside the medium circulation box b through an elastic rod linkage member disposed on the top side of the medium circulation box a. The braking drive box is provided with a braking component that can be driven by air pressure and brakes the rotating disk. The braking component is provided with a heat dissipation component for braking cooling.

[0007] Preferably, a communication port a and a strip-shaped groove are disposed on the top side of the medium circulation box a at one end of the drainage cover. The medium circulation box b is provided with a communication port c corresponding to the size and position of the communication port a and an installation groove corresponding to the position of the strip-shaped groove. The communication port c has a communicating structure with the braking drive box. An expansion port that communicates with the installation groove and provides movement for the cover plate is disposed on the inner wall of the cavity formed between the communication port c and the braking drive box.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic rod linkage member includes a support rod that is limited and slides in the strip-shaped groove and a spring a disposed between the support rod and the strip-shaped groove for resetting the support rod. One end of the sliding end of the support rod is embedded in the installation groove until the expansion port, and a cover plate for controlling the air flow in the communication port c through the expansion port is disposed on this end.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting member includes an adjusting plate capable of covering the communication port b and insertion rods circularly distributed on the end face facing the communication port b with the center of the adjusting plate as the center. Corresponding slots are provided on the end face of the communication port b inside the medium circulation box a for the multiple groups of insertion rods. The slot at the top of the communication port b is communicated with the strip-shaped slot. The insertion rod at the top of the adjusting plate penetrates through the slot at the top of the communication port b to be connected with the support rod.

[0010] Preferably, the braking assembly includes a driving assembly arranged in the braking drive box and a braking disc corresponding to the position of the rotating disc. Among them, the driving assembly includes a fixed disc fixed on the inner wall of the braking drive box, a driving disc that can be pushed by air pressure, and a spring b arranged between the driving disc and the fixed disc. An air cavity for gas to enter can be formed between the driving disc and the space in the braking drive box beside it. The braking disc corresponds to the position of the bottom part of the rotating disc. A shaft rod c that sequentially penetrates through the braking drive box and the fixed disc and is connected to the driving disc is arranged at the center of the inner end face.

[0011] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes a rotating sleeve located outside the braking drive box and nested on the shaft rod c, and a gear d and a fan blade arranged on the rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is rotationally limited on the shaft rod c. The gear d corresponds to the position of the gear c, and a reserved gap for intervening in the rotation of the gear c is provided between the gear d and the fan blade.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The present invention uses the rotation speed of the paddle itself as the judgment basis. The paddle at different speeds will directly affect the rotation speed of the turbine in the turbine air pump on the transmission box b. The flow rate and flow velocity of the gas introduced into the medium circulation box a by the turbine at different rotation speeds are different. By using the different thrusts and air pressures generated by the gas at different flow rates and flow velocities, and cooperating with the adjusting member, the flow direction of the gas can be effectively changed. When the rotation speed of the paddle is normal, the gas flows into the machine base to provide heat dissipation and cooling for the generator. When the rotation speed of the paddle is too fast, the gas flows into the braking drive box, and the braking assembly is driven to move by the pressure generated by the gas to achieve the braking effect. When the rotation speed of the paddle returns to normal, the gas is in the state of dissipating heat for the generator again. Therefore, in this way, an automatic and cyclic switch is formed between the self-heat dissipation protection and speed limit protection of the generator, ensuring the real-time and comprehensiveness of the generator protection.

[0014] 2. In the present invention, for the generator protection braking device, it mainly realizes the mutual conversion between the generator speed and the gas flow rate and velocity. At the same time, by utilizing the characteristics of the gas under different flow rates and velocities, it respectively achieves the heat dissipation and temperature reduction of the generator, the control of the gas flow direction, and the braking of the generator speed, effectively improving the functionality and practicality of the device. At the same time, this device does not need to rely on automated control equipment, avoiding the complexity of the operation process and also avoiding the problem that the braking device cannot operate due to factors such as power failure and malfunction of automated equipment.

[0015] 3. The braking component in the present invention is provided with a heat dissipation component for cooling during braking. During the movement of the braking component, through the intervention of meshing transmission, the fan blades of the heat dissipation component will rotate on the braking component. When the brake disc of the braking component contacts the rotating disc on the generator shaft b, the fan blades can effectively reduce the heat conduction effect generated by the friction heating between the discs, and at the same time, effectively slow down the aging phenomenon of the rotating disc and the brake disc due to high temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is the overall architecture diagram of the connection between the paddle and the chassis in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is the overall internal structure diagram of the chassis in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is the partial view of the overall internal structure of the chassis in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is the structure diagram of the medium circulation box a in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is the partial structure diagram of the medium circulation box a in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is the top view of the medium circulation box a in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is the connection diagram between the adjusting plate, the support rod and the cover plate in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 It is in the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged view of part A;

[0025] Figure 9 It is the bottom structure diagram of the medium circulation box b in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 This is the top view structure diagram of the medium flow box b in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 This is the connection diagram of the braking component and the braking drive box in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 This is the disassembly diagram of the braking component in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 13 This is the structure diagram of the machine base in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 14 This is the gas flow diagram when the adjusting plate is in the unclosed state in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 15 This is the gas flow diagram when the adjusting plate is in the closed state in the present invention.

[0032] 1. Blade;

[0033] 2. Chassis;

[0034] 3. Generator;

[0035] 4. Machine base;

[0036] 5. Speed change mechanism; 501. Gearbox a; 502. Gearbox b; 503. Gear a; 504. Shaft rod a; 505. Gear b;

[0037] 6. Braking control mechanism;

[0038] 7. Shaft rod b;

[0039] 8. Rotating disk;

[0040] 9. Turbine air pump;

[0041] 10. Air intake hood;

[0042] 11. Medium flow box a; 1101. Flow port a; 1102. Strip-shaped groove; 1103. Adjusting plate; 1104. Support rod; 1105. Cover plate; 1106. Flow port b; 1107. Spring a; 1108. Plug rod;

[0043] 12. Medium flow box b; 1201. Flow port c; 1202. Installation groove; 1203. Telescopic port;

[0044] 13. Braking drive box; 1301. Air chamber;

[0045] 14. Gear c;

[0046] 15. Braking component;

[0047] 16. Driving component; 1601. Driving disk; 1602. Fixed disk; 1603. Spring b;

[0048] 17. Heat dissipation component; 1701. Gear d; 1702. Fan blade;

[0049] 18. Brake disk; 1801. Shaft rod c;

[0050] 19. Drainage cover. Detailed implementation mode

[0051] As Figures 1 - 15 shown, the present invention provides a protective braking device for a wind turbine, including a blade 1 and a machine box 2, and further including a generator 3, a speed change mechanism 5 and a braking control mechanism 6 arranged inside the machine box 2. As Figure 13 shown, the generator 3 is arranged on a machine base 4 with a hollow structure in the bearing part;

[0052] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the speed change mechanism 5 includes two sets of gearboxes a501 and b502 in meshing transmission. One end of the gearbox a501 is connected to the blade 1 through a shaft rod a504 with a gear a503, and the gear a503 is driven by the blade 1 to drive the gearbox a501. The other end of the gearbox a501 is connected to the transmission end of the generator 3 through a shaft rod b7 with a rotating disk 8. One end of the gearbox b502 is provided with a gear b505 that meshes with the gear a503 and drives the gearbox b502. The other end of the gearbox b502 is provided with a turbo air pump 9 driven by the internal teeth of the gearbox b502. A shaft body with a gear c14 extending to the outside of the turbo air pump 9 is arranged on the rotating end of the turbine in the turbo air pump 9. The air inlet port of the turbo air pump 9 is communicated with an air inlet cover 10 arranged on the machine box 2 through a pipe body;

[0053] Furthermore, the speed change mechanism 5 mainly realizes speed regulation during the transmission of the blade 1. Both the gearbox a501 and the gearbox b502 achieve this through multi-stage speed changes with different gear ratios. The driving end of the gearbox a501 will be connected to the gear a503. The blade 1 drives the shaft rod a504 and drives the gearbox a501 through the gear a503. After being speed-changed by the gearbox a501, the teeth of the transmission end will drive the shaft rod b7. The generator 3 intervenes through the rotation of the shaft rod b7 to achieve the power generation effect;

[0054] Based on the fact that the drive of the gearbox b502 is realized by the meshing of the gear b505 and the gear a503, the turbine in the turbo air pump 9 is driven through the speed change of the gearbox b502, so that the turbo air pump 9 is in an operating state;

[0055] AsFigure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the brake control mechanism 6 includes a medium circulation box a11, a medium circulation box b12 and a brake drive box 13 that are longitudinally arranged in sequence and have a connected structure. The inside of the medium circulation box a11 is a hollow structure. One end is connected to the air outlet port of the turbine air pump 9 through a pipe body, and the other end is connected to the inside of the machine base 4 through a drainage cover 19 with a pipe body. A circulation port b1106 for connecting the drainage cover 19 to the inside of the medium circulation box a11 is provided at the connection between the medium circulation box a11 and the drainage cover 19. An adjusting member is provided at the circulation port b1106 inside the medium circulation box a11. The adjusting member can be moved by the thrust generated by the air flow inside the medium circulation box a11 and can close the circulation port b1106. The adjusting member is connected to a cover plate 1105 that can control the air flow inside the medium circulation box b12 through an elastic rod linkage member provided on the top side of the medium circulation box a11. A brake assembly 15 that can be driven by air pressure and brakes the rotating disk 8 is provided on the brake drive box 13. A heat dissipation assembly 17 for braking and cooling is provided on the brake assembly 15;

[0056] Specifically, the brake control mechanism 6 mainly realizes the brake control of the speed of the generator 3, that is, speed limit protection, by introducing gas through the turbine air pump 9. For the medium circulation box a11, it is essentially the part for controlling the gas circulation. And the control of the gas circulation needs to be determined according to the thrust generated by the introduced gas volume and flow rate. The specific manifestations are as follows:

[0057] For example, set the speed protection value of the blade 1 as m. When the speed of the blade 1 < m, it belongs to the normal speed range. The gearbox b502 drives the turbine air pump 9 to operate. The gas volume and flow rate introduced by the turbine air pump 9 into the medium circulation box a11 are set as n. In the state of n, the generated thrust will not be sufficient to drive the adjusting plate 1103 to move, and the adjusting plate 1103 cannot be moved to the circulation port b1106 to achieve the effect of closing the circulation port b1106. At this time, the cover plate 1105 inside the medium circulation box b12 will be in a closed state. As Figure 14 shown, the gas cannot enter the brake drive box 13. At this time, the gas will flow into the gap between the adjusting plate 1103 and the circulation port b1106 and be introduced into the machine base 4 through the circulation port b1106, providing a heat dissipation effect for the generator 3 through the hollow top structure. The above gas flow and flow rate are in a proportional relationship, and both are key factors directly affecting the gas thrust. Therefore, the gas flow and flow rate are recorded as a variable n;

[0058] When the rotational speed of the blade 1 = m, it is in a state of excessive rotational speed. The gearbox b502 drives the turbine air pump 9 to operate. The amount of gas introduced into the medium circulation box a11 by the turbine air pump 9 increases and the flow rate becomes faster. The generated thrust can move the regulating plate 1103 to the flow port b1106 to close the flow port b1106. While the flow port b1106 is closed, the insertion rod 1108 at the top of the regulating plate 1103 will drive the cover plate 1105 in the medium circulation box b12 to move under the action of the elastic rod linkage, so that the cover plate 1105 is in an open state. As Figure 15 shown, the gas will enter the braking drive box 13. At this time, the medium circulation box a11, the medium circulation box b12 and the braking drive box 13 are in a connected state. After the gas enters the air cavity 1301 of the braking drive box 13, the air pressure will increase, so as to drive the braking component 15 to move by using the air pressure until the brake disc 18 on the braking component 15 contacts the rotating disc 8, and the effect of reducing the speed of the shaft rod b7 is achieved by using friction;

[0059] However, after the shaft rod b7 decelerates, the gearbox a501 will also achieve the deceleration of the blade 1. At the same time, the gearbox b502 will also decelerate due to the gear a503, affecting the rotational speed of the turbine of the turbine air pump 9. After the turbine air pump 9 decelerates, both the gas flow rate and the flow velocity will decrease. The regulating plate 1103 will be reset by the spring a1107 on the support rod 1104, and the cover plate 1105 will close the gas flow in the medium circulation box b12 again, and the gas will provide a heat dissipation effect for the generator 3;

[0060] In order to achieve the connection of the medium circulation box a11, the medium circulation box b12 and the braking drive box 13 and facilitate the installation of the elastic rod linkage on the medium circulation box a11 and the medium circulation box b12, as Figures 4 - 10 shown, the medium circulation box a11 is provided with a flow port a1101 and a strip-shaped groove 1102 on the top side at one end of the drainage cover 19. The medium circulation box b12 is provided with a flow port c1201 corresponding to the size and position of the flow port a1101 and an installation groove 1202 corresponding to the position of the strip-shaped groove 1102. The flow port c1201 is in a connected structure with the braking drive box 13, and a telescopic port 1203 that is connected to the installation groove 1202 and provides movement for the cover plate 1105 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity formed between the flow port c1201 and the braking drive box 13;

[0061] In order to achieve the associated control of the gas flow direction in the medium circulation box a11 and the medium circulation box b12 while not affecting the gas flow, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the elastic rod linkage includes a support rod 1104 that is limited and slides in the strip-shaped groove 1102, and a spring a 1107 that is arranged between the support rod 1104 and the strip-shaped groove 1102 and is used to reset the support rod 1104. One end of the support rod 1104 opposite to the sliding end is embedded in the installation groove 1202 until it reaches the telescopic port 1203, and a cover plate 1105 is arranged on this end to control the flow of air in the flow port c 1201 through the telescopic port 1203;

[0062] Specifically, since the medium circulation box a 11, the medium circulation box b 12, and the brake drive box 13 are in a connected state, in order to achieve the heat dissipation of the generator 3 and the braking effect on the rotation speed of the generator 3 under different gas flow rates and flows, it is necessary to correspondingly control the gas flow direction. Among them, based on the different positions of the flow port b 1106 and the flow port c 1201, by setting the support rod 1104 that can drive the adjusting plate 1103 and the cover plate 1105 to move synchronously, using the movement of the support rod 1104, and driving the adjusting plate 1103 and the cover plate 1105 to open and close cooperatively, the problem of the gas flow direction flowing into the diversion cover 19 or the brake drive box 13 is solved. Different flow directions have different effects on the gas. At the same time, the gas flow direction needs to be determined according to the engine speed. Therefore, when the rotation speed reaches the predetermined rotation speed, the gas will drive the braking component 15 through the characteristics of air pressure, and when the rotation speed is less than the predetermined rotation speed, the gas will provide heat dissipation for the generator 3;

[0063] In order to achieve the best effect of controlling the gas flow direction, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the adjusting member includes an adjusting plate 1103 that can cover the flow port b 1106 and insertion rods 1108 that are circularly distributed around the center of the adjusting plate 1103 on the end face facing the flow port b 1106. Corresponding slots are opened on the end face of the flow port b 1106 located inside the medium circulation box a 11 for the multi-group insertion rods 1108. The slot at the top of the flow port b 1106 is communicated with the strip-shaped groove 1102. The insertion rod 1108 at the top of the adjusting plate 1103 passes through the slot at the top of the flow port b 1106 and is connected to the support rod 1104;

[0064] Furthermore, the adjusting member adopts a plate-type multi-insertion rod 1108 structure. When the gas flow rate and flow velocity are large, it can improve the overall movement stability of the adjusting plate 1103, increase the contact area with the gas, and at the same time, the plate-type structure can also comprehensively cover the flow port b 1106 to enhance the sealing performance. A rubber sealing strip for improving the sealing performance can also be added on the closing end face of the adjusting plate 1103;

[0065] The braking assembly 15 includes a driving assembly 16 disposed within the braking drive box 13 and a brake disc 18 corresponding to the position of the rotating disc 8. The driving assembly 16 includes a fixed disc 1602 fixed to the inner wall of the braking drive box 13, a driving disc 1601 that can be pushed by air pressure, and a spring b 1603 disposed between the driving disc 1601 and the fixed disc 1602. A gas chamber 1301 for gas to enter can be formed between the driving disc 1601 and the space within the braking drive box 13 beside it; the brake disc 18 corresponds to the position of the disc body at the bottom side of the rotating disc 8, and a shaft rod c 1801 is disposed at the center of the inner end face, which sequentially penetrates through the braking drive box 13 and the fixed disc 1602 and is connected to the driving disc 1601;

[0066] Specifically, the braking assembly 15 is mainly driven by the air pressure generated by gas flow. After the gas enters the gas chamber 1301, the air pressure within the braking drive box 13 increases, and the air pressure is used to drive the driving disc 1601 of the braking assembly 15. When the driving disc 1601 moves, it will drive the brake disc 18 to move through the shaft rod c 1801, so that the brake disc 18 contacts the rotating disc 8 at high speed, and the rotating disc 8 is decelerated by friction. After deceleration, the turbine air pump 9 also reduces the air flow rate and velocity. While the regulating plate 1103 resets, the cover plate 1105 will also be in an open state, the pressure within the braking drive box 13 is lost, and the spring b 1603 will drive the brake disc 18 to reset;

[0067] In order to achieve the best braking effect, as Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the heat dissipation assembly 17 includes a rotating sleeve located outside the braking drive box 13 and nested on the shaft rod c 1801, and a gear d 1701 and a fan blade 1702 disposed on the rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is rotationally limited on the shaft rod c 1801. The gear d 1701 corresponds to the position of the gear c 14, and a reserved gap for intervening in the rotation of the gear c 14 is provided between the gear d 1701 and the fan blade 1702;

[0068] Furthermore, the heat dissipation method mainly uses air cooling, and the driving part is achieved by the intervention of the gear c 14 connected to the turbine of the turbine air pump 9 for synchronous transmission during the braking process of the driving assembly 16. That is to say, under normal conditions, the gear c 14 will rotate with the turbine of the turbine air pump 9, and the gear c 14 idles within the gap between the gear d 1701 and the fan blade 1702 in this state. When the braking assembly 15 moves and contacts the rotating disc 8, the gear c 14 will mesh with the gear d 1701, and the fan blade 1702 will rotate, thereby achieving the effect of braking heat dissipation;

[0069] In summary, for this braking device, while the paddle 1 mainly drives the generator 3 to generate electricity through the speed change of the gearbox a501, it also drives the operation of the turbine air pump 9 through the gearbox b502. Utilizing the characteristics of different gas flow rates, flow velocities, thrusts, and air pressures generated by the turbine air pump 9 at different rotational speeds, the gas flow direction and the different effects generated by different flow directions are determined, specifically including the following:

[0070] Under normal conditions, the paddle 1 can drive the generator 3 to generate electricity conventionally through the gearbox a501. At the same time, the gearbox a501 will drive the gearbox b502 through meshing. After multi-stage speed change by the gearbox b502, it will drive the turbine inside the turbine air pump 9 to rotate, that is, the operation of the turbine air pump 9. While the turbine air pump 9 is operating, the turbine will also drive the gear c14 connected to the external shaft body to rotate synchronously. When the turbine air pump 9 is operating, it will introduce the outside air into the medium circulation box a11. When the flow rate of the gas flowing into the medium circulation box a11 is insufficient, the generated thrust is also small. At this time, the medium circulation box b12 is in a closed state, and the gas will flow into the flow port b1106 through the gap generated by the adjusting plate 1103 and flow into the machine base 4 through the flow port b1106. The gas in the machine base 4 will flow upward and contact the generator 3 to achieve the effect of dissipating heat from the generator 3. At the same time, an air drying and filtering device can be added at the connection between the machine base 4 and the drainage cover 19 pipe body;

[0071] When the rotational speed of the paddle 1 is too fast and reaches the threshold value, the gearbox b502 will strengthen the rotational speed of the turbine of the turbine air pump 9 through multi-stage speed change, increasing the flow rate of the air in the medium circulation box a11, thereby increasing the thrust generated by the gas. Under this thrust, it will drive the movement of the adjusting plate 1103, thereby closing the flow port b1106. The elastic rod linkage will drive the cover plate 1105 to move, realizing the connection between the medium circulation box b12 and the braking drive box 13, so that the medium circulation box a11, the medium circulation box b12, and the braking drive box 13 as a whole form a communication cavity. After the gas enters the braking drive box 13, it will drive the braking component 15 to move through air pressure, so that the brake disc 18 on the braking component 15 contacts the rotating disc 8, and the speed is reduced through friction. At the same time, during the movement of the braking component 15 until it reaches the rotating disc 8, the gear c14 will intervene and drive the gear d1701 of the heat dissipation component 17, so that the rotating sleeve drives the fan blade 1702 to rotate, achieving the effect of braking and heat dissipation.

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention; any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the invention according to what is shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification and the above; however, any slight changes, modifications and equivalent variations made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective braking device for a wind turbine, comprising a blade (1) and a machine box (2), characterized in that, It further includes a generator (3), a speed change mechanism (5) and a brake control mechanism (6) disposed inside the chassis (2). The generator (3) is disposed on a pedestal (4) with a hollow structure in the bearing part; Among them, the speed change mechanism (5) includes two gearboxes a (501) and a gearbox b (502) in meshing transmission. One end of the gearbox a (501) is connected to the blade (1) through a shaft rod a (504) with a gear a (503). The blade (1) drives the gear a (503) to drive the gearbox a (501). The other end of the gearbox a (501) is connected to the transmission end of the generator (3) through a shaft rod b (7) with a rotating disk (8). One end of the gearbox b (502) is provided with a gear b (505) that meshes with the gear a (503) and drives the gearbox b (502). The other end of the gearbox b (502) is provided with a turbine air pump (9) driven by internal tooth parts of the gearbox b (502). A shaft body with a gear c (14) is provided on the turbine rotating end of the turbine air pump (9) and extends outside the turbine air pump (9). The intake port of the turbine air pump (9) is communicated with an air intake hood (10) disposed on the chassis (2) through a pipe body; The brake control mechanism (6) includes a medium circulation box a (11), a medium circulation box b (12) and a brake drive box (13) longitudinally arranged in sequence and in a communicating structure. The inside of the medium circulation box a (11) is hollow, and one end is communicated with the air outlet port of the turbine air pump (9) through a pipe body, and the other end is communicated with the inside of the pedestal (4) through a drainage cover (19) with a pipe body. A circulation port b (1106) for communicating the drainage cover (19) with the inside of the medium circulation box a (11) is provided at the connection between the medium circulation box a (11) and the drainage cover (19). An adjusting member is provided inside the medium circulation box a (11) at the circulation port b (1106). The adjusting member can be moved by the thrust generated by the air flow inside the medium circulation box a (11) and can close the circulation port b (1106). The adjusting member is connected to a cover plate (1105) that can control the air circulation inside the medium circulation box b (12) through an elastic rod linkage member provided on the top side of the medium circulation box a (11). A brake assembly (15) that can be driven by air pressure and generates braking on the rotating disk (8) is provided on the brake drive box (13). A heat dissipation assembly (17) for braking and cooling is provided on the brake assembly (15).

2. The protective braking device for a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the top side of one end of the drainage cover (19), the medium flow box a (11) is provided with a flow port a (1101) and a strip-shaped groove (1102). The medium flow box b (12) is provided with a flow port c (1201) corresponding to the size and position of the flow port a (1101) and a mounting groove (1202) corresponding to the position of the strip-shaped groove (1102). The flow port c (1201) and the braking drive box (13) are in a communicating structure. On the inner wall of the cavity formed between the flow port c (1201) and the braking drive box (13), there is a telescopic port (1203) that communicates with the mounting groove (1202) and provides movement for the cover plate (1105).

3. The protective braking device for a wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic rod linkage member includes a support rod (1104) that is limited and slides in the strip-shaped groove (1102) and a spring a (1107) provided between the support rod (1104) and the strip-shaped groove (1102) for resetting the support rod (1104). One end of the support rod (1104) opposite to the sliding end is embedded in the mounting groove (1202) until it reaches the telescopic port (1203), and a cover plate (1105) for controlling the flow of air in the flow port c (1201) through the telescopic port (1203) is provided at this end.

4. A protective braking device for a wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting member includes an adjusting plate (1103) that can cover the flow port b (1106) and insertion rods (1108) that are circularly distributed around the center of the adjusting plate (1103) on the end face facing the flow port b (1106). Corresponding slots are opened on the end face of the flow port b (1106) inside the medium flow box a (11) for the multiple groups of insertion rods (1108). The slot at the top of the flow port b (1106) communicates with the strip-shaped groove (1102). The insertion rod (1108) at the top of the adjusting plate (1103) passes through the slot at the top of the flow port b (1106) to connect with the support rod (1104).

5. A protective braking device for a wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking assembly (15) includes a driving assembly (16) arranged in the braking drive box (13) and a braking disc (18) corresponding to the position of the rotating disc (8); Among them, the driving assembly (16) includes a fixed disc (1602) fixed on the inner wall of the braking drive box (13), a driving disc (1601) that can be pushed by air pressure, and a spring b (1603) arranged between the driving disc (1601) and the fixed disc (1602). The driving disc (1601) and the space in the braking drive box (13) beside it can form an air cavity (1301) for gas to enter; The braking disc (18) corresponds to the position of the bottom part of the rotating disc (8). At the center of the inner end face, there is a shaft rod c (1801) that sequentially penetrates the braking drive box (13) and the fixed disc (1602) and is connected to the driving disc (1601).

6. The protective braking device for a wind turbine according to claim 5, wherein: The heat dissipation component (17) includes a rotating sleeve located outside the brake drive box (13) and nested on the shaft c (1801), a gear d (1701) and a fan blade (1702) provided on the rotating sleeve. The rotating sleeve is rotationally limited on the shaft c (1801). The position of the gear d (1701) corresponds to that of the gear c (14), and a reserved gap for intervening in the rotation of the gear c (14) is provided between the gear d (1701) and the fan blade (1702).

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