Multi-stage grain drying and storing integrated device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage grain drying and storing integrated device for drying and storing grain oil, seeds and feed, which comprises a grain storage device, a low-temperature drying device, a lifting device, a hot air supply device and a dust collecting device, and is characterized in that the grain storage device is vertically arranged at the upper part of the low-temperature drying device through a connecting piece to form a longitudinal integrated structure; a lifting device is arranged on the side edges of the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device, a hot air inlet used for being connected with a hot air supply device is formed in one side of the low-temperature drying device, an air outlet used for being connected with a dust collecting device is formed in the other side of the low-temperature drying device, and a bottom discharging port is connected with the lifting device through a lower connecting pipeline. According to the circulating drying and storing integrated device, the occupied area is greatly reduced, the land utilization rate is increased, the dust collecting device is started during drying operation, dust generated during drying operation can be collected, meanwhile, damp and hot air in the drying chamber can be discharged in an auxiliary mode, the production efficiency and the drying quality are improved, and the circulating drying and storing integrated device is suitable for being used in grain drying and storing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drying and storing grains, oils, seeds and feeds, and in particular to a multi-stage integrated drying and storing device for grains. Background Art

[0002] Grain drying and storage are important links to ensure food security, improve food quality, and promote the sustainable development of the grain industry. The moisture content of my country's four major grain crops, corn, wheat, rice and soybeans, is relatively high after harvest. Under normal circumstances, the moisture content of corn is about 20%, sometimes even as high as 25%~30%, while the safe moisture content of corn is generally 14%. After rice is harvested in the high humidity environment in the south, the moisture content may reach 25%~30%, while the safe moisture content of rice is generally 13%~15%. In summer and autumn, the safe moisture content of rice should be controlled below 13.5%. At room temperature, wheat can be safely stored for a long time if the moisture content is controlled below 12.5%. The safe moisture content of soybeans is 12.5%. When the moisture content exceeds 13%, soybeans are prone to mildew and deterioration. When the external environment is also relatively humid, high-moisture grains are very likely to mildew during storage and produce mycotoxins, which will not only reduce the quality of grains, but also cause harm to the health of humans and animals. In addition, grains with high moisture content are prone to breeding rice weevils, corn weevils and other storage pests, which can also reproduce in the grains, causing a large amount of grain loss. The activities of pests can also cause the grains to have peculiar smells and reduce the grain quality. The above data show that maintaining a safe moisture range in grain storage is a basic technical requirement for grain depots, grain and oil, seed, and feed processing companies.

[0003] Hot air drying is an effective way to quickly reduce the moisture content of grains. In the field of grain drying, high-temperature hot air drying towers are technically very mature drying equipment. The wet grain directly contacts the material through high-temperature hot air, quickly removes moisture, and achieves one-time drying. It is suitable for large-scale grain drying and has a high degree of automation, but it is a large-tonnage drying equipment. Enterprises that use drying towers as grain drying equipment often need to build silos. This process has a high one-time investment, occupies a large area, and has high subsequent maintenance costs. Especially for some small and medium-sized enterprises with limited funds, they often give up because of the high one-time investment.

[0004] Low-temperature slow drying is suitable for small and medium-sized grain drying. Wet grains enter the dryer in batches for circulation and drying until the moisture content is reduced to a safe level. Low-temperature drying is slow, but it can ensure that hot air penetrates the grain accumulation layer evenly and comprehensively, thereby reducing the grain cracking rate, surface cracking, and quality degradation caused by high-temperature oxidation, and achieving uniform drying. Although the low-temperature dryer has the above advantages, the equipment needs to be installed in the factory, which increases the land investment for factory construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a multi-stage integrated drying and storage device for grains. The storage device is built above a low-temperature hot air drying device, thereby reducing the footprint, eliminating the need to build a separate drying plant, improving land utilization, and saving investment. The storage device and the drying device are connected by a lifting device to achieve cyclic drying of grains with high drying quality.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved as follows: a multi-stage integrated drying and storage device for grains comprises a grain storage device, a low-temperature drying device, a lifting device, a hot air supply device and a dust collection device, wherein the grain storage device is vertically arranged on the upper part of the low-temperature drying device through a connecting piece to form a longitudinal integrated structure, and the lifting device is fixedly connected to the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device by bolts on the sides thereof, the low-temperature drying device comprises a grain feeding mechanism connected to the lower part of the connecting piece, a drying chamber, a grain discharging mechanism and a grain collecting hopper are arranged in sequence below the grain feeding mechanism, a graded unloading mechanism is arranged inside the low-temperature drying device, a hot air inlet for connecting to a hot air supply device is arranged on one side of the drying chamber, and an air outlet for connecting to a dust collection device is arranged on the other side, a discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the grain collecting hopper, an electric three-way valve is arranged on the discharging port, and the electric three-way valve is connected to the post-drying grain feeding port at the bottom of the lifting device through a lower connecting pipe.

[0007] When the present invention is working, the grains to be dried are thrown into the elevator through the wet raw grain inlet at the bottom of the lifting device, and are transported to the grain storage device through the lifting device. The grain storage device is installed and fixed above the low-temperature drying device through a connecting piece. When drying, the grains in the grain storage device fall freely into the low-temperature drying device below, and are scattered into the drying chamber through the grading unloading mechanism. The hot air inlet of the drying chamber is connected to the hot air pipe of the hot air supply device. The continuous low-temperature hot air dries the falling grains. The grains after preliminary drying are transported to the lifting device through the lower connecting pipeline from the grain collecting hopper. The dried grains are transported to the grain storage device above through the lifting device. An online automatic moisture detection device is provided in the drying device and the grain storage device for monitoring the moisture content of the grains in the drying device and the grain storage device. Drying can be repeated according to the moisture content. When the moisture content meets the requirement, the grains are discharged to enter the next process. The dust-containing exhaust gas after drying in the drying chamber is transmitted to the dust collection device through the air outlet. After the dust is settled, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust removal fan.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, the present invention places the grain storage device above the drying device and connects them into one body through a connecting piece, which greatly reduces the occupied area and improves the land utilization rate.

[0009] Second, when the present invention is working, the grain storage and drying devices are connected by the lifting device, so that the grain can be evenly circulated and dried, thereby ensuring the quality of the grain.

[0010] Third, the integrated circulating drying and storage device of the present invention is provided with a multi-level material dividing mechanism during the drying operation, so that the thickness of the grain material layer entering the low-temperature drying device is thin at the top and thick at the bottom. The hot air inlet of the drying chamber is located at a lower position on one side of the drying chamber, and the air outlet is located at an upper position on the opposite side of the hot air inlet. The hot air flow forms a ventilation trajectory from top to bottom in the drying chamber. The upper hot air flow inside the drying chamber has a low temperature and high water content, while the lower hot air flow has a high temperature and low water content. The upper low-temperature and high-moisture hot air flow first contacts with the low-temperature and high-moisture grain, and the lower high-temperature and low-moisture hot air flow contacts with the high-temperature and low-moisture grain. In addition, the upper material layer of the grain entering the drying chamber is thin and the lower material layer is thick, so a uniform and stable cooling and drying process can be achieved, thereby avoiding bursting, rupture and cracking after the moisture on the surface of the grain drops suddenly, thereby ensuring the drying quality.

[0011] Fourthly, the present invention is provided with a dust collection device, which can collect the dust generated by the drying operation during operation to achieve the purpose of purifying the air and ensuring safe production. At the same time, the fan can assist in discharging the hot and humid air in the drying room to improve production efficiency and drying quality.

[0012] Fifth, the device of the present invention has a simple and reliable structure, occupies a small area, saves the construction cost of a low-temperature drying plant, is easy to realize automated drying and storage, is easy to operate, and is suitable for use in the fields of grain, oil, seeds, and feed storage and drying.

[0013] Furthermore, the grading material discharging mechanism includes a first-level material discharging mechanism arranged in the grain feeding mechanism and a second-level material discharging mechanism and a third-level material discharging mechanism in the drying chamber. The first-level material discharging mechanism includes a plurality of large material discharging cones fixedly arranged at the lower part of the feeding mechanism and small material discharging cones movably arranged between the large material discharging cones. A fixing rod is provided at the bottom of the small material discharging cone. The fixing rod is fixedly connected to a support rod arranged along the width direction of the grain feeding mechanism. The support rod is transmission-connected to an output shaft end of a cylinder arranged outside the grain feeding mechanism. A movable groove is opened on the side wall of the grain feeding mechanism. The end of the support rod passes through the movable groove and is transmission-connected to the output shaft end of the cylinder. When driven by the cylinder, the output shaft end of the cylinder drives the support rod to move up and down in the movable groove, so that the small material discharging cone moves up and down to increase or decrease the material discharging spacing between the small material discharging cone and the large material discharging cone.

[0014] Furthermore, the large material dividing cone and the small material dividing cone are both cones that are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. One end of the fixed rod is connected to the bottom of the small material dividing cone, and the other end is connected to the supporting rod. The length of the movable groove is 1 / 3 of the height of the feeding mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the secondary material dividing mechanism and the tertiary material dividing mechanism both include small material dividing cones and large material dividing cones fixedly arranged in the drying chamber, the number of large and small material dividing cones in the tertiary material dividing mechanism is 1 / 2 of the number of large and small material dividing cones in the secondary material dividing mechanism, and the number of large and small material dividing cones in the secondary material dividing mechanism is 1 / 2 of the number of large and small material dividing cones in the primary material dividing mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the grain storage device includes a silo top, a silo body and a silo bottom which are connected in sequence by bolts. The silo top is in a cone shape which gradually expands downward. A grain inlet is provided on the upper part of the silo top. The grain inlet is connected to an upper discharge port of a lifting device through an upper connecting pipe. A grain outlet is provided on the silo bottom. The silo body is cylindrical and is made of galvanized steel plate. An online automatic moisture detection device is also provided in the silo body and on the discharge port side at the bottom of the grain collecting hopper.

[0017] Furthermore, the lifting device includes a mounting bracket with a bottom fixed on the ground, a bucket elevator that can move up and down along the mounting bracket is provided on the mounting bracket, and a wet raw grain inlet is also provided at the bottom of the lifting device opposite to the dried grain inlet.

[0018] Furthermore, the hot air supply device includes a hot air furnace, which is connected to the air inlet of a drying fan through hot air pipe 1, and the air outlet of the drying fan is connected to the hot air inlet on one side of the drying chamber through hot air pipe 2. The hot air flow generated by the hot air furnace is transmitted to the drying chamber through hot air pipe 1, the drying fan and hot air pipe 2 to continuously dry the grain at a low temperature.

[0019] Furthermore, the dust collection device includes a dust collector, one end of the air inlet pipe of the dust collector is connected to the air outlet on the opposite side of the hot air inlet of the drying chamber, and the other end is connected to the dust removal fan. The dust-containing exhaust gas after drying in the drying chamber is transmitted to the dust collector through the dust removal fan. After the dust settles, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust removal fan; the dust collector is a pulse bag dust collector.

[0020] Furthermore, the grain discharge mechanism includes loose grain cone plates fixedly arranged on the grain discharge bracket at equal intervals, and a grain discharge channel is formed between two adjacent loose grain cone plates. Grain discharge shafts are respectively provided on both sides below each loose grain cone plate to form a pair of grain discharge systems. The grain discharge shafts include a main shaft drivingly connected to the output shaft end of the sprocket. The two main shafts in each pair of grain discharge systems rotate relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. A number of blades are welded and fixed around the circumference of the main shaft. Two adjacent blades form a grain storage chamber. The blades are in the shape of rectangular strips. The grain discharge shaft rotates relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. When the grain storage chamber filled with grain rotates to the position of the grain discharge channel, the grain automatically falls into the grain collecting hopper below under the action of gravity; the grain collecting hopper is conical, and the square interface on the upper part is adapted to the bottom of the grain discharge mechanism, and the circular discharge port at the bottom is fixedly connected to the electric three-way valve by a flange.

[0021] Furthermore, the circular interface at the upper part of the connecting member is connected and fixed to the grain outlet at the bottom of the grain storage device, and the square interface at the lower part of the connecting member is connected and fixed to the grain feeding mechanism at the upper part of the low-temperature drying device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grain storage device in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the low-temperature drying device in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grain discharging mechanism of the low-temperature drying device in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sprocket grain discharge shaft in the grain discharge mechanism.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Section view along BB direction.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the connecting piece between the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device in the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device in the present invention.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hot air supply device in the present invention.

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust collection device in the present invention.

[0033] In the above figure, 1 is a grain storage device, 11 is a silo top, 12 is a silo body, 13 is a silo bottom, 14 is a grain inlet, 15 is a grain outlet; 2 is a low-temperature drying device, 21 is a grain inlet mechanism, 210 is a first-level material distribution mechanism, 211 is a second-level material distribution mechanism, 212 is a third-level material distribution mechanism; 22 is a drying chamber, 23 is a grain outlet mechanism, 24 is a grain collecting hopper, 25 is an electric three-way valve, 26 is a small unloading cone, 261 is a fixed rod, 262 is a support rod, 263 is a cylinder, 264 is a movable groove; 27 is a bulk material cone plate, 28 is a grain discharge channel, 29 is a bulk material cone plate, 30 is a bulk material discharge channel, 31 is a bulk material discharge channel, 32 is a bulk material discharge channel, 33 is a bulk material discharge channel, 34 is a bulk material discharge channel, 35 is a bulk material discharge channel, 36 is a bulk material discharge channel, 37 is a bulk material discharge channel, 38 is a bulk material discharge channel, 39 is a bulk material discharge channel, 40 is a bulk material discharge channel, 41 is a bulk material discharge channel, 42 is a bulk material discharge channel, 43 is a bulk material discharge channel, 44 is a bulk material discharge channel, 45 is a bulk material discharge channel, 46 is a bulk material discharge channel, 47 is a bulk material discharge channel, 48 is a bulk material discharge channel, 49 is a bulk material discharge channel, 40 is a bulk material discharge channel, 49 is a bulk material discharge channel, 40 is a bulk material discharge channel, 41 is a bulk material discharge channel, 42 is a bulk material discharge channel, 43 is a bulk material discharge channel, 44 is a bulk material discharge channel, 45 is a bulk material discharge channel, Grain discharge shaft, 231 sprocket, 232 main shaft, 233 blade, 234 grain discharge bracket; 3 connecting parts, 4 lifting device, 41 elevator, 42 mounting bracket, 43 grain inlet after drying, 44 wet raw grain inlet, 45 upper discharge port; 5 hot air supply device, 51 hot air furnace, 52 drying fan, 53 hot air pipe one, 54 hot air pipe two; 6 dust collection device, 61 dust collector, 62 dust removal fan, 63 air duct; 7 upper connecting pipe, 8 lower connecting pipe, 9 large material dividing cone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] like Figures 1 to 11 A multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device is shown, comprising a grain storage device 1, a low-temperature drying device 2, a lifting device 3, a hot air supply device 5 and a dust collecting device 6. The grain storage device 1 is vertically arranged on the upper part of the low-temperature drying device 2 through a connecting member 3 to form a longitudinal integrated structure. The lifting device 4 is fixedly connected to the sides of the grain storage device 1 and the low-temperature drying device 2 by bolts. The low-temperature drying device 2 comprises a grain feeding mechanism 21 connected to the lower part of the connecting member 3, and a drying chamber 22, a grain discharging mechanism 23 and a grain collecting hopper 24 are arranged below the grain feeding mechanism 21 in sequence. A graded unloading mechanism is arranged inside the low-temperature drying device 2, a hot air inlet for connecting to the hot air supply device 5 is arranged on one side of the drying chamber 22, and an air outlet for connecting to the dust collecting device 6 is arranged on the other side. A discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the grain collecting hopper 24, and an electric three-way valve 25 is arranged on the discharging port. The electric three-way valve 25 is connected to the post-drying grain feeding port 43 at the bottom of the lifting device 4 through a lower connecting pipe 7.

[0035] The grading feeding mechanism includes a primary feeding mechanism 210 arranged in the grain feeding mechanism 21 and a secondary feeding mechanism 211 and a tertiary feeding mechanism 212 in the drying chamber 22. The primary feeding mechanism 210 includes a plurality of large feeding cones 9 fixedly arranged at the lower part of the feeding mechanism 21 and a small feeding cone 26 movably arranged between the large feeding cones 9. A fixing rod 261 is provided at the bottom of the small feeding cone 26. The fixing rod 261 is fixedly connected to a supporting rod 262 arranged along the width direction of the grain feeding mechanism 21. The supporting rod 262 is connected to a cylinder 26 arranged outside the grain feeding mechanism 21. The output shaft end of the cylinder 263 is connected to the output shaft end of the cylinder 263, and a movable groove 264 is provided on the side wall of the grain feeding mechanism 21. The end of the support rod 262 passes through the movable groove 264 and is connected to the output shaft end of the cylinder 263. Under the drive of the cylinder 263, the output shaft end of the cylinder 263 drives the support rod 262 to move up and down in the movable groove 264, so that the small material dividing cone 26 moves up and down to increase or decrease the material feeding distance between the small material dividing cone 26 and the large material dividing cone 9; the large and small material dividing cones disperse the grain entering the low-temperature drying device 2 along the width direction thereof, so as to facilitate uniform falling and avoid local accumulation.

[0036] The large material dividing cone 9 and the small material dividing cone 26 are both cones that are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. One end of the fixed rod 261 is connected to the bottom of the small material dividing cone 26, and the other end is connected to the support rod 262. The length of the movable groove 264 is 1 / 3 of the height of the feeding mechanism 21; the movable groove 264 is used to limit the up and down movement distance of the support rod 262 to control the opening and closing spacing between the small material dividing cone 26 and the large material dividing cone 9 to avoid congestion at the bottom discharge caused by falling too fast, or waste of drying heat energy due to falling too slowly; the surfaces of the large and small material dividing cones are smooth and flat, which does not hinder the falling grains, and the grains can roll when falling to the surfaces of the large and small material dividing cones, which promotes uniform drying. The fixed rod 261 is connected to the bottom of the small material dividing cone 26 and does not affect the falling of the grains. The small material dividing cone 26 is supported and driven to move up and down by the fixed rod 261, and the spacing between the small material dividing cone 26 and the large material dividing cone 9 can be changed, thereby controlling the speed and amount of grain passing through, and making the drying effect more uniform and sufficient.

[0037] The secondary dividing mechanism 211 and the tertiary dividing mechanism 212 both include a small dividing cone 26 and a large dividing cone 9 fixedly arranged in the drying chamber 22. The number of large and small dividing cones in the tertiary dividing mechanism 212 is 1 / 2 of the number of large and small dividing cones in the secondary dividing mechanism 211, and the number of large and small dividing cones in the secondary dividing mechanism 211 is 1 / 2 of the number of large and small dividing cones in the primary dividing mechanism 210. From the upper primary powder mechanism 210 to the lower tertiary dividing mechanism 212, the number of large and small dividing cones decreases step by step, which helps to control the material layer entering the drying chamber 22 to be thin on the top and thick on the bottom, and work together with the hot air entering the drying chamber to promote uniform drying, avoid bursting, breakage and cracking of the grain surface after a sudden drop in moisture, and ensure the drying quality.

[0038] The grain storage device 1 includes a silo top 11, a silo body 12 and a silo bottom 13 which are connected in sequence by bolts. The silo top 11 is in a cone shape which gradually expands downward. A grain inlet 14 is provided on the upper part of the silo top 11. The grain inlet 14 is connected to the upper discharge port 45 of the lifting device 4 through an upper connecting pipe 7. A grain outlet 15 is provided on the silo bottom 13. The silo body 12 is cylindrical and is made of galvanized steel plate. An online automatic moisture detection device is also provided in the silo body 12 and on the discharge port side at the bottom of the grain collecting hopper 24.

[0039] The lifting device 4 includes a mounting bracket 42 whose bottom is fixed on the ground, and a bucket elevator 41 is provided on the mounting bracket 42 and can move up and down along the mounting bracket 42 . A wet raw grain inlet 44 is also provided at the bottom of the lifting device 4 opposite to the dried grain inlet 43 .

[0040] The hot air supply device 5 includes a hot air furnace 51, which is connected to the air inlet of a drying fan 52 through a hot air pipe 1 53, and the air outlet of the drying fan 52 is connected to the hot air inlet on one side of the drying chamber 22 through a hot air pipe 2 54. The hot air flow generated by the hot air furnace 51 is transmitted to the drying chamber 22 through the hot air pipe 1 53, the drying fan 52 and the hot air pipe 2 54 to continuously dry the grain at a low temperature.

[0041] The dust collecting device 6 includes a dust collector 61. One end of the air duct 63 of the dust collector 61 is connected to the air outlet on the opposite side of the hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22, and the other end is connected to the dust removal fan 62. The dust-containing exhaust gas after drying in the drying chamber is transported to the dust collector 61 through the dust removal fan 62. After dust removal and dust settling, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust removal fan 62. The dust collector 61 is a pulse bag dust collector.

[0042] The grain discharging mechanism 23 includes a grain dispersing cone plate 27 fixedly arranged on a grain discharging bracket 234 at equal intervals, and a grain discharging channel 28 is formed between two adjacent grain dispersing cone plates 27. Both sides below each grain dispersing cone plate 27 are provided with a grain discharging shaft 29. The grain discharging shaft 29 includes a main shaft 232 which is transmission-connected to the output shaft end of a sprocket 231, and a plurality of blades 233 are circumferentially arranged around the main shaft 232. Two adjacent blades 233 form a grain storage chamber. The grain discharging shaft 29 rotates under the drive of the sprocket 231. When the grain storage chamber filled with grain rotates to the position of the grain discharging channel 28, the grain is discharged by gravity. The grain collecting hopper 24 is conical in shape, and the square interface on the top is matched with the bottom of the grain discharging mechanism 23, and the circular discharge port at the bottom is fixedly connected to the electric three-way valve 25 by a flange; before the first drying operation, the electric three-way valve 25 at the bottom of the grain discharging mechanism 23 is closed, and the grain discharging mechanism 23 is in a closed state, and the grain to be dried is first added to the elevator 41 through the wet raw grain inlet 44 of the lifting device 4, and then transported upward to the grain storage device 1 through the lifting device 4 until the entire grain storage device 1 and the drying chamber 2 are filled.

[0043] The circular interface at the top of the connecting member 3 is connected and fixed to the grain outlet 15 at the bottom of the grain storage device 1 , and the square interface at the bottom of the connecting member 3 is connected and fixed to the grain feeding mechanism 21 at the top of the low-temperature drying device 2 .

[0044] When the present invention is working, the grains to be dried are thrown into the elevator 41 through the wet raw grain inlet 44 at the bottom of the lifting device 4, and are transported to the grain storage device 1 through the lifting device 4. A driving motor and a chain or belt connected to the driving motor are provided on the mounting bracket 41 of the lifting device 4. The bucket elevator 41 is fixed on the chain or belt, and moves up and down under the drive of the driving motor, and the bucket elevator with the grains to be dried at the bottom is transported to a high place, and then turned over after bypassing the top wheel (the working process of the bucket elevator has been described in many prior art, and only briefly described here), and the grains are dumped into the upper discharge port 45 of the lifting device 4, and enter the warehouse body 12 of the grain storage device through the upper connecting pipe 7; the grain storage device 1 is fixed above the low-temperature drying device 2 through the connecting piece 3. When drying, the grains in the grain storage device 1 fall freely into the low-temperature drying device 2 below, and are diverted by the three-level material dividing mechanism, and are scattered into the drying chamber 22 along the width direction of the low-temperature drying device 2. The hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22 and the hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22 are connected to the hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22. The hot air pipe 2 54 of the supply device 5 is connected, and the continuous low-temperature hot air dries the falling grains. The hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22 is arranged near the upper part of the grain outlet 15 at the bottom of the grain storage device 1, and the dust-containing exhaust gas outlet is arranged opposite to the hot air inlet. The hot air flow forms a ventilation track from top to bottom in the drying chamber 22. The temperature of the hot air flow above the drying chamber 22 is low and the water content is high, and the temperature of the hot air flow below is high and the water content is low. The upper low-temperature and high-moisture hot air flow contacts the low-temperature and high-moisture grains, and the lower high-temperature and low-moisture hot air flow contacts the high-temperature and low-moisture grains. Due to the setting of the graded unloading mechanism, the grains falling into the drying chamber 22 are in a state of thin upper material layer and thick lower material layer, which can realize a uniform and stable cooling and drying process, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of bursting, cracking and breaking after the moisture on the surface of the grain drops suddenly, ensuring the drying quality; during the drying process, the temperature of the hot air flow generated by the hot air supply device 5 is controlled at 40-60°C, realizing low-temperature drying of the grains, avoiding high temperature damage to the appearance and nutrition of the grains, and improving the drying quality.

[0045] An online automatic moisture detection device is provided in both the low-temperature drying device 2 and the grain storage device 1. The online automatic moisture detection device is connected to the external control console circuit through a line, and is used to monitor the moisture content of the grain in the low-temperature drying device 2 and the grain storage device 1. Drying is repeated according to the moisture content. When the moisture content meets the requirements, the grain is discharged to enter the next process. The grain that does not meet the moisture requirements after preliminary drying is transported from the grain collecting hopper 24 to the post-drying grain inlet 43 through the lower connecting pipe 8 and enters the lifting device 4. The grain is then transported to the upper grain storage device 1 by the elevator 41 for repeated drying. The dust-containing waste gas after drying in the drying chamber 22 is transported to the dust collection device 6 through the air outlet. After dust removal by the pulse bag dust collector 61, the dust settles, and the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust removal fan 62. The dust collection device 6 of this device is turned on at the same time as the hot air furnace to collect dust and waste gas generated during the grain drying process.

[0046] The integrated circulating drying and storage device of the present invention is provided with a multi-stage material dividing mechanism during the drying operation, so that the thickness of the grain material layer entering the low-temperature drying device 2 is thin at the top and thick at the bottom. The hot air inlet of the drying chamber 22 is located at a lower position on one side of the drying chamber 22, and the air outlet is located at an upper position on the opposite side of the hot air inlet. The hot air flow forms a ventilation track from top to bottom in the drying chamber 22. The upper hot air flow inside the drying chamber 22 has a low temperature and a high water content, while the lower hot air flow has a high temperature and a low water content. The upper low-temperature and high-moisture hot air flow first contacts with the low-temperature and high-moisture grain, and the lower high-temperature and low-moisture hot air flow contacts with the high-temperature and low-moisture grain. In addition, the grain entering the drying chamber 22 is The upper material layer is thin and the lower material layer is thick, which can achieve a uniform and stable cooling and drying process, thereby avoiding bursting, cracking and cracking after the moisture on the surface of the grain drops suddenly, and ensuring the drying quality; the present invention is provided with a dust collection device 6, which can collect the dust generated by the drying operation during the working process to achieve the purpose of purifying the air and ensuring safe production. At the same time, under the action of the fan, it can assist in discharging the hot and humid air in the drying chamber 22 to improve production efficiency and drying quality; the device of the present invention has a simple and reliable structure, occupies a small area, saves the construction cost of a low-temperature drying plant, is easy to realize automatic drying storage, and is easy to operate. It is suitable for use in the fields of grain, oil, seeds, and feed storage and drying.

[0047] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, technicians in this field can make some substitutions and deformations to some technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage grain drying and storage integrated device, comprising a grain storage device, a low-temperature drying device, a lifting device, a hot air supply device and a dust collection device, characterized in that: The grain storage device is vertically arranged on the upper part of the low-temperature drying device through a connecting piece to form a longitudinal integrated structure, and the lifting device is fixedly connected to the sides of the grain storage device and the low-temperature drying device by bolts. The low-temperature drying device includes a grain feeding mechanism connected to the lower part of the connecting piece, and a drying chamber, a grain discharging mechanism and a grain collecting hopper are arranged in sequence below the grain feeding mechanism. A graded unloading mechanism is arranged inside the low-temperature drying device, a hot air inlet for connecting to a hot air supply device is arranged on one side of the drying chamber, and an air outlet for connecting to a dust collecting device is arranged on the other side. A discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the grain collecting hopper, and an electric three-way valve is arranged on the discharge port. The electric three-way valve is connected to the post-drying grain feeding port at the bottom of the lifting device through a lower connecting pipe.

2. The multi-stage grain drying and storage integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grading material discharging mechanism includes a primary material discharging mechanism arranged in the grain feeding mechanism and a secondary material discharging mechanism and a tertiary material discharging mechanism in the drying chamber. The primary material discharging mechanism includes a plurality of large material discharging cones fixedly arranged at the lower part of the feeding mechanism and small material discharging cones movably arranged between the large material discharging cones. A fixing rod is provided at the bottom of the small material discharging cone. The fixing rod is fixedly connected to a supporting rod arranged along the width direction of the grain feeding mechanism. The supporting rod is transmission-connected to an output shaft end of a cylinder arranged outside the grain feeding mechanism. A movable groove is opened on the side wall of the grain feeding mechanism. The end of the supporting rod passes through the movable groove and is transmission-connected to the output shaft end of the cylinder. When driven by the cylinder, the output shaft end of the cylinder drives the supporting rod to move up and down in the movable groove, so that the small material discharging cone moves up and down to increase or decrease the material discharging spacing between the small material discharging cone and the large material discharging cone.

3. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The large material distribution cone and the small material distribution cone are both cones that are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. One end of the fixed rod is connected to the bottom of the small material distribution cone, and the other end is connected to the supporting rod. The length of the movable groove is 1 / 3 of the height of the feeding mechanism.

4. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary material dividing mechanism and the tertiary material dividing mechanism both include a small material dividing cone and a large material dividing cone fixedly arranged in the drying chamber. The number of large and small material dividing cones in the tertiary material dividing mechanism is 1 / 2 of the number of large and small material dividing cones in the secondary material dividing mechanism, and the number of large and small material dividing cones in the secondary material dividing mechanism is 1 / 2 of the number of large and small material dividing cones in the primary material dividing mechanism.

5. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain storage device includes a silo top, a silo body and a silo bottom which are connected in sequence by bolts. The silo top is in a cone shape which gradually expands downward. A grain inlet is provided on the upper part of the silo top. The grain inlet is connected to an upper discharge port of a lifting device through an upper connecting pipe. A grain outlet is provided on the silo bottom. The silo body is cylindrical and is made of galvanized steel plate. An online automatic moisture detection device is also provided inside the silo body and on the discharge port side at the bottom of the grain collecting hopper.

6. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device comprises a mounting bracket with a bottom fixed on the ground, a bucket elevator which can move up and down along the mounting bracket is arranged on the mounting bracket, and a wet raw grain inlet is arranged at the bottom of the lifting device opposite to the dried grain inlet.

7. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air supply device includes a hot air furnace, which is connected to the air inlet of a drying fan through hot air pipe 1, and the air outlet of the drying fan is connected to the hot air inlet on one side of the drying chamber through hot air pipe 2. The hot air flow generated by the hot air furnace is transmitted to the drying chamber through hot air pipe 1, the drying fan and hot air pipe 2 to continuously dry the grain at a low temperature.

8. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection device includes a dust collector, one end of the air inlet pipe of the dust collector is connected to the air outlet on the opposite side of the hot air inlet of the drying chamber, and the other end is connected to the dust removal fan. The dust-containing exhaust gas after drying in the drying chamber is transmitted to the dust collector through the dust removal fan. After the dust settles, the clean air is discharged through the exhaust port of the dust removal fan; the dust collector is a pulse bag dust collector.

9. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain discharge mechanism includes loose grain cone plates fixedly arranged on the grain discharge bracket at equal intervals, and a grain discharge channel is formed between two adjacent loose grain cone plates. Grain discharge shafts are respectively arranged on both sides below each loose grain cone plate to form a pair of grain discharge systems. The grain discharge shafts include a main shaft drivingly connected to the output shaft end of the sprocket. The two main shafts in each pair of grain discharge systems rotate relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. A plurality of blades are circumferentially welded and fixed around the main shaft. Two adjacent blades form a grain storage chamber. The blades are in the shape of rectangular strips. The grain discharge shaft rotates relative to each other under the drive of the sprocket. When the grain storage chamber filled with grain rotates to the position of the grain discharge channel, the grain automatically falls into the grain collecting hopper below under the action of gravity; the grain collecting hopper is conical, and the square interface on the upper part is adapted to the bottom of the grain discharge mechanism, and the circular discharge port at the bottom is fixedly connected to the electric three-way valve through a flange.

10. The multi-stage integrated grain drying and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular interface at the upper part of the connecting piece is connected and fixed to the grain outlet at the bottom of the grain storage device, and the square interface at the lower part of the connecting piece is connected and fixed to the grain feeding mechanism at the upper part of the low-temperature drying device.

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