Multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling and installation method

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling and an installation method, and belongs to the technical field of landslide engineering monitoring. The device comprises a monitoring assembly, a pipeline assembly, a data processing assembly and an auxiliary assembly; the monitoring assembly is used for monitoring landslide displacement and water level change; the pipeline assembly is used for providing a mounting space for the monitoring assembly, guiding a cable and grouting; the data processing assembly is used for collecting and processing data of the monitoring assembly; the auxiliary assembly is used for assisting installation, protection and stabilization of the monitoring device; the installation method comprises the steps of drilling, sensor customization, equipment putting, pipeline assembly connection, auxiliary assembly connection, grouting and the like, the purpose of one-hole multi-purpose ultra-deep landslide monitoring drilling is achieved, displacement monitoring can be conducted in the full hole depth, meanwhile, underground water level changes can be monitored, the measurement precision is high, the equipment manufacturing cost is low, the service life is long, and the application range is wide. The method has obvious advantages in monitoring of ultra-thick and ultra-deep landslides, and provides reliable technical support for prevention and treatment of landslide disasters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of landslide engineering monitoring, and in particular to a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] Deep displacement monitoring is crucial in landslide disaster monitoring. Although relevant technologies have achieved certain results, there are still many problems that need to be solved.

[0003] In terms of monitoring methods, although full-hole automated monitoring can achieve high monitoring accuracy, the equipment and operating costs are too high, which makes large-scale applications face economic pressure and difficult to promote in monitoring projects with limited budgets. Although the cost is low, manual monitoring relying solely on sliding inclinometers has obvious defects. The time interval of manual monitoring is large, and it is impossible to grasp the displacement changes of landslides in real time. For geological disasters such as landslides that are characterized by suddenness, untimely monitoring may lead to missing the best warning time and causing serious losses. At the same time, manual operation is greatly affected by subjective factors. The differences in measurement techniques and experience of different operators will make it difficult to ensure monitoring accuracy, and the accuracy and reliability of the data will be greatly reduced.

[0004] From the perspective of installation technology, the previous monitoring equipment installation method has shortcomings. The traditional method is to install the inclinometer tube and grouting tube first, and then put the deep displacement sensor into the inclinometer tube. Under this process, the data line of the deep displacement sensor needs to extend from the inclinometer tube to the surface, which makes the upper inclinometer tube unable to continue to perform the inclinometer task normally, reduces the efficiency of the inclinometer tube, limits the functional integrity of the monitoring system, and cannot give full play to the potential of the monitoring equipment.

[0005] In summary, the existing landslide monitoring technology has problems in the balance between cost and accuracy of monitoring means, the timeliness of monitoring, and the rationality of installation technology. There is an urgent need for a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling and an installation method to solve these problems in order to improve the accuracy, timeliness and economy of landslide monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional monitoring device and installation method for landslide monitoring drilling holes, which realizes the multi-purpose purpose of ultra-deep landslide monitoring drilling holes, can carry out displacement monitoring at the full depth of the hole, and can simultaneously monitor the changes in groundwater levels, with high measurement accuracy, low equipment cost and long service life, and has obvious advantages in monitoring extremely thick and ultra-deep landslides, and provides reliable technical support for the prevention and control of landslide disasters.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] A multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling comprises a monitoring component, a pipeline component, a data processing component and an auxiliary component; the monitoring component is used to monitor the displacement and water level change of the landslide; the pipeline component is used to provide installation space, guide cables and grouting for the monitoring component; the data processing component is used to collect and process data of the monitoring component; the auxiliary component is used to assist in the installation, protection and stabilization of the monitoring device.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring component includes a sliding inclinometer, an array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor and a piezometer; the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the predicted sliding surface position, the sliding inclinometer is located above the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor, and the piezometer is installed at the bottom of the pipe body used to install the monitoring component.

[0010] Preferably, the pipeline assembly includes an aluminum alloy inclinometer tube, a signal line and cable protection tube and a grouting pipe; the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube is installed in the borehole to provide an installation channel for the monitoring assembly; the piezometer is installed at the bottom of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube, the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is installed in the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube at a position corresponding to the predicted sliding surface, and the sliding inclinometer performs mobile monitoring in the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube; the signal line and cable protection tube include a tee, an elbow and a sealing ring, the cables of the piezometer and the cables of the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor are guided and protected by the elbow and tee of the signal line and cable protection tube, and the sealing is ensured by the sealing ring; the grouting pipe is used for drilling grouting, and is arranged in the borehole in parallel with the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube and close to the borehole pipe wall.

[0011] Preferably, the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube is connected by multiple sections, and two adjacent sections of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube are connected by a special connecting pipe, fixed by rivets and adhesive, and tightly wrapped with waterproof raw tape and adhesive tape.

[0012] Preferably, the data processing component includes a sliding inclinometer reel and an array-type deep displacement monitoring and collecting instrument; the sliding inclinometer reel is used to store the cable of the sliding inclinometer, and the array-type deep displacement monitoring and collecting instrument is connected to the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor through a signal line for collecting its monitoring data.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary component includes a guide head and a steel wire rope; the guide head is arranged at the lowermost end of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube and is rigidly connected to the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube. A piezometer is installed in the guide head. A small hole is drilled on the guide head to facilitate the entry of groundwater. A ring is fixed on each side of the guide head; one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the rings on both sides of the guide head, and the other end is used to assist in lowering the device during the installation process.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for installing a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The first step is to use a 1000m drilling rig to drill a hole with a diameter of not less than 127mm, control the hole depth and hole inclination deviation, reserve depth margin during drilling, and after drilling, casing the hole mouth section and clean the hole multiple times; customize the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor according to the predicted sliding surface position, consider the cable length to ensure power supply and signal transmission, set the deformation coordination PVC pipe protection sensor and test it before installation;

[0016] Step 2: Install the piezometer in the guide head, fill it with geotextile for protection, drill small holes for groundwater to enter, install elbows to allow the piezometer cable to pass through and pass through the 20mm outer diameter PEX cable protection tube for sealing and reinforcement; connect the rings on both sides of the guide head with the wire rope and tighten them, and rigidly connect the guide head to the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube;

[0017] Step 3: Lower the connected guide head and the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube into the borehole, and release the wire rope at the same time; install the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor in the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube, fill the tube with sand after lowering it into place and ensure that it is dense;

[0018] Step 4: Connect the subsequent aluminum alloy inclinometer tubes one by one, fix them with special connecting pipes, rivets and adhesives, and wrap them tightly with waterproof raw tape and adhesive tape; after all the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensors are lowered, open a hole and install a tee on the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube at the top 1m, so that the piezometer cable and the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor cable enter the upper signal line and cable protection tube, and set a sealing ring at the connection of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube above the tee to ensure sealing;

[0019] Step 5: Connect the grouting pipe, signal line, cable protection pipe and wire rope outside the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube used for manual inclinometer. The wire rope is tied to each tube at the same distance and placed close to the borehole wall to ensure that the guide groove direction of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube remains unchanged. The pipe mouth is 20-50cm higher than the borehole mouth and is wrapped.

[0020] Step 6. Mix cement slurry in a 1:1 water-cement ratio, inject grout from the bottom of the hole to the hole mouth through the grouting pipe, cast the hole mouth protection pier, and measure the azimuth, pipe mouth coordinates, and elevation of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube after the cement slurry solidifies. If necessary, use a torsion meter to measure two groups of azimuths from top to bottom and bottom to top according to the scale marks, take the average to measure the torsion angle of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube guide groove at different elevations, and complete the installation of the multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling.

[0021] Preferably, in the first step, the maximum allowable deviation of the hole depth is ±2%, the hole inclination deviation does not exceed 2° per 100m, and the depth margin is 5 to 10m.

[0022] Preferably, in the first step, an array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is customized according to the predicted sliding surface position. If the sliding surface position is a single-layer sliding surface, the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is arranged at a position 10m above and below the sliding surface position; if the sliding surface position is a multi-layer sliding belt, the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is arranged at a position 5m above the upper and lower interfaces of the sliding belt.

[0023] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention realizes the simultaneous monitoring of landslide displacement and water level change in one hole by rationally arranging sliding inclinometers, array-type deep displacement monitoring sensors and piezometers in ultra-deep landslide monitoring boreholes. The array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the predicted sliding surface position to automatically monitor the landslide deformation; the sliding inclinometer above it can monitor the possible secondary or shallow sliding surface; the piezometer at the bottom of the inclinometer tube is responsible for water level monitoring, thereby achieving full-depth displacement monitoring, making full use of drilling resources, and avoiding the complex operation and high cost of multi-hole monitoring.

[0025] (2) In terms of data processing, the present invention corrects the data of the sliding inclinometer and the array-type deep displacement monitoring data respectively. The sliding inclinometer measures the readings in the directions of A+, A-, B+, and B-, and uses the torsion angle change value obtained by the torsion meter to correct the displacement value; the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor has a built-in magnetometer, which can distinguish the angle of the reference point, and correct the displacement deviation caused by the axial torsion through formula calculation or software processing to ensure that the measurement angle is consistent with the upper manual inclinometer angle, making the measurement data more accurate and providing a reliable basis for landslide monitoring.

[0026] (3) The multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling provided by the present invention combines automated monitoring with manual monitoring methods, avoiding the high cost problem caused by automated monitoring of the entire hole, and reducing the equipment cost while ensuring the monitoring accuracy. During the installation process, the risks of ultra-deep hole installation are fully considered, such as by setting a deformation coordinated PVC pipe to protect the sensor and adopting a variety of sealing measures to prevent slurry from infiltrating, etc., which reduces the impact of the external environment on the equipment, effectively prolongs the service life of the equipment, and improves the cost performance of the monitoring system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Ⅰ-Ⅰ cross-sectional structure of a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the II-II cross-sectional structure of a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ⅠII-IIⅠ cross-sectional structure of a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of data correction of a sliding inclinometer provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the corrected coordinates of array-type deep displacement monitoring data provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A diagram showing the calculation results of manual inclinometer measurement provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a diagram of the array-type deep displacement calculation results provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a graph of osmometer calculation results provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 This is a data combination effect diagram provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Aluminum alloy inclinometer tube; 2. Guide head; 3. Sliding inclinometer; 4. Array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor; 5. Piezometer; 6. Sliding inclinometer reel; 7. Array-type deep displacement monitoring collector; 8. Tee; 9. Elbow; 10. Sealing ring; 11. Signal line and cable protection tube; 12. Grouting pipe; 13. Drilling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling, including a monitoring component, a pipeline component, a data processing component and an auxiliary component; the monitoring component is used to monitor the displacement and water level change of the landslide; the pipeline component is used to provide installation space, guide cables and grouting for the monitoring component; the data processing component is used to collect and process data of the monitoring component; the auxiliary component is used to assist in the installation, protection and stabilization of the monitoring device.

[0044] The monitoring components include a sliding inclinometer 3, an array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 and a piezometer 5. The array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 is installed at the predicted sliding surface position to automatically monitor the deformation of the landslide in real time; the sliding inclinometer 3 is located above it to monitor the possible secondary or shallow sliding surface; the piezometer 5 is installed at the bottom of the pipe body used to install the monitoring components and is responsible for monitoring the water level changes.

[0045] The pipeline assembly includes an aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, a signal line and cable protection tube 11 and a grouting tube 12; the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 is installed in a borehole 13 to provide an installation channel for the monitoring assembly; the piezometer 5 is installed at the bottom of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 is installed in the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 at a position corresponding to the predicted sliding surface, and the sliding inclinometer 3 performs mobile monitoring in the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1; the signal line and cable protection tube 11 includes a tee 8, an elbow 9 and a sealing ring 10, the cables of the piezometer 5 and the cables of the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 are guided and protected by the elbow 9 and the tee 8 of the signal line and cable protection tube 11, and the sealing is ensured by the sealing ring 10; the grouting tube 12 is used for grouting in the borehole 13, and is arranged in parallel with the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 in the borehole 13 and close to the wall of the borehole 13, and is used for grouting in the borehole 13. The aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 is connected by multiple sections, and two adjacent sections of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 are connected by a special connecting pipe, fixed by rivets and adhesive, and tightly wrapped with waterproof raw tape and adhesive tape.

[0046] The data processing component is composed of a sliding inclinometer cable drum 6 and an array-type deep displacement monitoring collector 7. The sliding inclinometer cable drum 6 is used to store the cable of the sliding inclinometer 3 for easy operation; the array-type deep displacement monitoring collector 7 is connected to the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 through a signal line to efficiently collect monitoring data.

[0047] The auxiliary components include a guide head 2 and a steel wire rope. The guide head 2 is set at the bottom of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, rigidly connected to the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, with a piezometer 5 installed inside and a small hole drilled to facilitate the entry of groundwater. A ring is fixed on each side of the guide head 2, one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the rings on both sides of the guide head 2, and the other end assists in lowering the device during the installation process. After the device is installed, it bears the weight of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, and is bundled with the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, the grouting pipe 12, the signal line and the cable protection tube 11 at a certain distance to ensure the stability and reliability of the device installation.

[0048] The multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring borehole 13 provided above is installed by the following installation method, including the following steps:

[0049] Step 1, preparation for drilling hole 13: Use 1000m drilling rig equipment (model: XY-4) to drill a borehole 13 with a hole diameter of not less than 127mm. Strictly control the hole depth and hole inclination deviation, the maximum allowable deviation of the hole depth is ±2‰, the hole inclination does not exceed 2° every 100m, and it is corrected every 50m of drilling. Reserve 5-10m depth margin during drilling. After drilling hole 13 is completed, the casing wall is protected within 2m depth of the hole mouth section, and then the hole is cleaned 2-3 times to remove the mud in the hole as much as possible. Customize the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 according to the predicted sliding surface position. If it is a single-layer sliding surface, the sensor is arranged at 10m above and below the sliding surface; if it is a multi-layer sliding belt, the sensor is arranged at 5m above the upper and lower interfaces of the sliding belt. When making the sensor, fully consider the cable length to ensure the stability of power supply and signal transmission, set up deformation coordination PVC pipe protection sensor, and conduct a comprehensive test before installation.

[0050] Step 2: Assemble the guide head 2: Install the piezometer 5 in the guide head 2, and fill the area around the piezometer 5 with geotextile to prevent the slurry from entering during grouting. Drill a small hole on the guide head 2 to facilitate the entry of groundwater, install the signal line and cable protection tube 11 elbow 9, and let the piezometer 5 cable pass through and into the 20mm outer diameter PEX cable protection tube, and seal and reinforce it with glue. Connect the rings on both sides of the guide head 2 to the wire rope and tighten them, rigidly connect the guide head 2 to the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, and set a partition between the guide head 2 and the inclinometer tube.

[0051] Step 3: Lowering the first section of the pipe and installing the sensor: Slowly lower the connected guide head 2 and the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer pipe 1 into the borehole 13, and release the wire rope at a uniform speed while lowering. Accurately install the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 in the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer pipe 1, and fill the pipe with sand after lowering it into place to ensure that it is dense, providing a stable support environment for it.

[0052] Step 4: Subsequent pipe connection and cable processing: Connect the subsequent aluminum alloy inclinometer tubes 1 one by one, fix them with special connecting pipes, rivets and adhesives, and wrap them tightly with waterproof raw tape and adhesive tape to prevent slurry from seeping in. After all the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensors 4 are lowered, holes are opened on the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 at the top 1m to install the signal line and cable protection tube 11 tee 8, so that the piezometer 5 cable and the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor 4 cable enter the upper signal line and cable protection tube 11. Set a partition at the connection of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 above the protection tube tee 8 and do a good job of sealing to reduce the impact of groundwater infiltration on the deep displacement monitoring sensor.

[0053] Step 5: Installation of accessory parts: Connect the grouting pipe 12, signal line and cable protection pipe 11 and wire rope outside the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 used for manual inclinometer. The wire rope is tied to each tube at the same distance to ensure that the guide groove direction of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 remains unchanged, and the pipe mouth is 20-50cm higher than the hole 13 and is wrapped to prevent foreign matter from falling into the pipe.

[0054] Step 6. Grouting and testing: Mix cement slurry at a water-cement ratio of 1:1, and inject grout from the bottom of the hole to the hole mouth through the grouting pipe 12 to ensure the density of the grouting. Cast the hole mouth protection pier, wait for the cement slurry to solidify, accurately measure the azimuth, pipe mouth coordinates, and elevation of the guide groove of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1, and use a torsion meter to measure two sets of azimuth angles from top to bottom and from bottom to top according to the scale mark when necessary, and measure the torsion angles of the guide groove of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 at different elevations to complete the installation of the entire monitoring device.

[0055] Based on the above content, data processing is performed on manual inclinometer, automatic inclinometer and water level monitoring, including:

[0056] First, the data of the sliding inclinometer 3 is corrected: the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube 1 includes four notches, refer to Figure 5 , first take the A+ notch as the reference value, and the sliding inclinometer 3 needs to measure the A+ and A- directions respectively. When measuring the inclination, first put the probe to the bottom of the inclinometer tube and start reading. The probe is read every 0.5m. After measuring the A+ direction reading, take out the probe and rotate it 180°, and repeat the steps to read the A- direction. Because the sliding inclinometer 3 generally has a set of two servo accelerations at 90° to each other, the A+ and A- readings are obtained, and the B+ and B- readings are also obtained at the same time.

[0057] In addition, the sliding inclinometer 3 is equipped with a torque meter. During the measurement process, the azimuth of the inclinometer tube mouth A+ direction can be measured in advance. During the measurement, the torque angle measurement function can be turned on to obtain the torque angle change value. In the subsequent data processing, the torque angle change value can be used to correct the displacement value. The value obtained by the correction process can be identified as the displacement change value of the inclinometer hole in each direction after angle correction. The artificial inclinometer calculation result is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in Figure 3, the curves at different time points reflect the changes in horizontal displacement at different depths of the landslide body over time.

[0058] Secondly, the array-type deep displacement monitoring data is corrected, referring to Figure 6 , the array deep displacement is calculated by calculating the change Δx between the centers of the flexible joints at both ends of a single sensor segment i , Δy i , Δz i , converted to the coordinate system, we get Dx i 、Dy i ,Dz i , according to the reference point coordinates fixed to (x0 = 0, y0 = 0, z0 = 0), the arithmetic sum of the changes in each section is calculated in sequence i 、Dy i ,Dz i The absolute coordinates of the center points of each flexible joint can be obtained (x i ,y i , z i ).

[0059] In addition, the array-type deep displacement sensor has a built-in magnetometer, which can determine the angle of the reference point during the lowering process. After determining the angle, the axial torsion can be corrected through formula calculation or software processing to eliminate the displacement value deviation caused by the torsion. This correction method ensures that the obtained data is accurate, and the measurement angle is consistent with the upper manual inclinometer angle, which can meet the prerequisite for combining with the manual inclinometer data. The final array-type deep displacement calculation result is as follows: Figure 8 By comparison Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the landslide displacement can be comprehensively analyzed from different monitoring angles, such as comparing the displacement change amplitude and rate at different depths, judging the stability difference of different parts of the landslide body, and the development trend of landslide displacement at different time stages, and determining the active or stable period of the landslide.

[0060] The data of osmometer 5 is calculated again. Osmometer 5 is a vibrating wire osmometer 5. The measured water pressure load causes the elastic membrane plate of osmometer 5 to deform, and its deformation drives the vibrating wire to change the stress of the vibrating wire, thereby changing the vibration frequency of the vibrating wire. The electromagnetic coil excites the vibrating wire and measures its vibration frequency. The frequency signal is transmitted to the acquisition instrument via the cable, and the pressure value of the water load can be measured. By converting pressure and water pressure, the height of the groundwater level is calculated, and the result is as follows: Fig. 9As shown in the figure, the fluctuation of groundwater level over time is presented. The rise or fall of water level reflects the dynamic change of groundwater. Combined with landslide displacement data, the relationship between water level change and landslide displacement can be explored. For example, the rise of groundwater level may increase the weight of landslide body and reduce the shear strength of soil body, thus affecting the stability of landslide, providing an important reference for assessing landslide risk.

[0061] Finally, the sliding inclinometer 3 and the array deep displacement monitoring data are corrected by the above correction process to obtain their own corrected monitoring data. Then the two sets of data are superimposed and the groundwater level calculated by the piezometer 5 data is added. The results obtained after actual application are as follows: Fig.10 As shown, from Fig.10 The changes of different monitoring data with horizontal displacement and time can be observed simultaneously, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the state of the landslide body. For example, the corresponding relationship between water level change and displacement change at certain time points can be clearly seen, which provides a basis for in-depth analysis of landslide mechanisms and assists relevant personnel in formulating more accurate landslide prevention and control strategies.

[0062] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling, characterized in that: It includes a monitoring component, a pipeline component, a data processing component and an auxiliary component; the monitoring component is used to monitor the displacement and water level change of the landslide; the pipeline component is used to provide installation space, guide cables and grouting for the monitoring component; the data processing component is used to collect and process data of the monitoring component; the auxiliary component is used to assist in the installation, protection and stability of the monitoring device.

2. A multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring component includes a sliding inclinometer, an array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor and a piezometer; the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is installed at the predicted sliding surface position, the sliding inclinometer is located above the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor, and the piezometer is installed at the bottom of the pipe body used to install the monitoring component.

3. A multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipeline assembly includes an aluminum alloy inclinometer tube, a signal line and cable protection tube and a grouting tube; the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube is installed in a borehole to provide an installation channel for the monitoring assembly; the piezometer is installed at the bottom of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube, the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is installed in the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube at a position corresponding to the predicted sliding surface, and the sliding inclinometer performs mobile monitoring in the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube; the signal line and cable protection tube include a tee, an elbow and a sealing ring, the cables of the piezometer and the cables of the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor are guided and protected by the elbow and tee of the signal line and cable protection tube, and the sealing is ensured by the sealing ring; the grouting tube is used for drilling grouting, and is arranged in the borehole in parallel with the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube and close to the borehole pipe wall.

4. A multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy inclinometer tube is connected by multiple sections. Two adjacent sections of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube are connected by a special connecting pipe, fixed by rivets and adhesive, and tightly wrapped with waterproof raw tape and adhesive tape.

5. A multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data processing component includes a sliding inclinometer cable reel and an array-type deep displacement monitoring and collecting instrument; the sliding inclinometer cable reel is used to store the cable of the sliding inclinometer, and the array-type deep displacement monitoring and collecting instrument is connected to the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor through a signal line for collecting its monitoring data.

6. A multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary component includes a guide head and a steel wire rope; the guide head is arranged at the lowermost end of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube and is rigidly connected to the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube. A piezometer is installed in the guide head. A small hole is drilled in the guide head to facilitate the entry of groundwater. A ring is fixed on each side of the guide head; one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the rings on both sides of the guide head, and the other end is used to assist in lowering the device during the installation process.

7. The method for installing a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The first step is to use a 1000m drilling rig to drill a hole with a diameter of not less than 127mm, control the hole depth and hole inclination deviation, reserve depth margin during drilling, and after drilling, casing the hole mouth section and clean the hole multiple times; customize the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor according to the predicted sliding surface position, consider the cable length to ensure power supply and signal transmission, set the deformation coordination PVC pipe protection sensor and test it before installation; Step 2: Install the piezometer in the guide head, fill it with geotextile for protection, drill small holes for groundwater to enter, install elbows to allow the piezometer cable to pass through and pass through the 20mm outer diameter PEX cable protection tube for sealing and reinforcement; connect the rings on both sides of the guide head with the wire rope and tighten them, and rigidly connect the guide head to the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube; Step 3: Lower the connected guide head and the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube into the borehole, and release the wire rope at the same time; install the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor in the first section of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube, fill the tube with sand after lowering it into place and ensure that it is dense; Step 4: Connect the subsequent aluminum alloy inclinometer tubes one by one, fix them with special connecting pipes, rivets and adhesives, and wrap them tightly with waterproof raw tape and adhesive tape; after all the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensors are lowered, open a hole and install a tee on the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube at the top 1m, so that the piezometer cable and the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor cable enter the upper signal line and cable protection tube, and set a sealing ring at the connection of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube above the tee to ensure sealing; Step 5: Connect the grouting pipe, signal line, cable protection pipe and wire rope outside the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube used for manual inclinometer. The wire rope is tied to each tube at the same distance and placed close to the borehole wall to ensure that the guide groove direction of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube remains unchanged. The pipe mouth is 20-50cm higher than the borehole mouth and is wrapped. Step 6. Mix cement slurry in a 1:1 water-cement ratio, inject grout from the bottom of the hole to the hole mouth through the grouting pipe, cast the hole mouth protection pier, and measure the azimuth, pipe mouth coordinates, and elevation of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube after the cement slurry solidifies. If necessary, use a torsion meter to measure two groups of azimuths from top to bottom and bottom to top according to the scale marks, take the average to measure the torsion angle of the aluminum alloy inclinometer tube guide groove at different elevations, and complete the installation of the multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling.

8. The method for installing a multifunctional landslide monitoring drilling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the first step, the maximum allowable deviation of hole depth is ±2%, the hole inclination deviation does not exceed 2° per 100m, and the depth margin is 5 to 10m.

9. The method for installing a multifunctional monitoring device for landslide monitoring drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the first step, an array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is customized according to the predicted sliding surface position. If the sliding surface position is a single-layer sliding surface, the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is arranged at a position 10m above and below the sliding surface position; if the sliding surface position is a multi-layer sliding belt, the array-type deep displacement monitoring sensor is arranged at a position 5m above the upper and lower interfaces of the sliding belt.

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