A test apparatus and method for determining the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist and water tongue.

Abstract

This invention provides a test apparatus for determining the pulsation characteristics of mist-containing water jet wind loads, comprising a water supply system, a control system, a fan measurement system, and a water jet wind velocity measurement system. The water supply system and the fan measurement system are connected via a water supply pipeline. The control system is electrically connected to the water supply system, the fan measurement system, and the water jet wind velocity measurement system via power lines. This invention allows the control system to control the voltage across the water pump in the water supply system, thereby controlling the water output of the water mist nozzles to simulate mist-containing water jet winds with different water contents, and to study the influence of water content on the pulsation characteristics of mist-containing water jet wind loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic test simulation device technology, and in particular to a test device and method for determining the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist water tongues. Background Technology

[0002] Nowadays, most high-head, high-flow, and high-power reservoir power stations are built in high mountains and valleys. The problems caused by flood discharge atomization pose a great threat to the safe operation of the dam and the surrounding environment. The misty water jet generated during the discharge of high dams will have a certain impact on the dam structure, the downstream slopes on both banks of the dam, and the buildings on the river embankment. In more serious cases, it can even lead to landslides downstream of the dam, causing great harm. In order to solve the problems caused by high dam discharge, it is necessary to study the load pulsation characteristics of misty water jets. Model tests are an important method for studying the load pulsation characteristics of misty water jets. Through model tests, the impact of misty water jets on objects can be observed intuitively. At present, most devices on the market for studying the load pulsation characteristics of misty water jets use a combination of a single fan and a fogging device to generate misty water jets. The misty water jets generated by this method are not stable enough, and the devices usually lack components for monitoring the speed of the misty water jets, which has a significant impact on the error of the experimental research.

[0003] Therefore, a test apparatus and method for determining the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist water tongues are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a test device for determining the pulsating characteristics of mist-laden wind loads, comprising a water supply system, an operation and control system, a fan measurement system, and a mist-laden wind speed measurement system. The water supply system and the fan measurement system are connected via a water supply pipeline, and the operation and control system is electrically connected to the water supply system, the fan measurement system, and the mist-laden wind speed measurement system via power lines.

[0005] Preferably, the water supply system includes a water supply tank, the outlet of the water supply tank is connected to the inlet of a DC water pump through a water supply pipe, the outlet of the DC water pump is connected to a water mist nozzle through a water supply pipe, and the water mist nozzle is installed on the top of the test box of the fan testing system.

[0006] Preferably, the fan testing system includes a test chamber, with a forward-rotating test chamber integrated fan and a reverse-rotating test chamber integrated fan respectively installed at both ends of the test chamber, and a flexible rod with a top-integrated attitude sensor installed in the narrow middle section of the test chamber.

[0007] Preferably, a pressure measuring plate integrating a displacement sensor and a pressure sensor is provided behind the flexible rod, and four water mist nozzles are installed on the top of the test chamber, which are sealed to the water supply system through a water supply pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the water jet wind speed measurement system includes a high-speed camera, a YAG laser device, and a plane mirror. The high-speed camera is located directly in front of the wind turbine measuring device, and the YAG laser device and the plane mirror are both located below the wind turbine measuring device.

[0009] Preferably, the YAG laser device includes a laser generating device, a light guide arm, and a beam splitter. The laser generating device and the beam splitter are connected by the light guide arm, and the beam splitter is located on the side of the plane mirror.

[0010] Preferably, the operation and control system includes a computer, a time relay, and a regulated DC power supply. The computer is connected via Bluetooth to an attitude sensor and a pressure plate integrated on a flexible rod within the fan measurement system. The computer is electrically connected via a power cord to the time relay and a high-speed camera. The regulated DC power supply is electrically connected via a power cord to the time relay, the DC water pump of the water supply system, the fan integrated in the forward rotation test box, and the fan integrated in the reverse rotation test box, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, both the test chamber and the water supply pipe are made of transparent PVC material.

[0012] Preferably, all component connections of the device are sealed connections.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for using a test device for measuring the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist and water tongues, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Before the test begins, connect all components in the device and check the airtightness of the test device. After confirming that everything is in order, add nanoscale tracer particles to the test water in the water supply tank, turn on the DC water supply pump of the water supply system, and vent the water supply pipeline until no bubbles are observed. Adjust the voltage of all DC water supply pumps in the water supply system through the regulated DC power supply.

[0015] Step 2: Turn on the YAG laser generating device. The generated laser is guided to the beam splitter through the light guide arm. The laser is emitted as a fan-shaped laser by the beam splitter. Adjust the position and angle of the light guide arm and the beam splitter so that the emitted fan-shaped laser can be reflected by the plane mirror and shot vertically upward into the test chamber from the bottom. At this time, the irradiation range of the fan-shaped laser is approximately two-dimensional plane from the perspective of the high-speed camera.

[0016] Step 3: Place a calibration plate at the laser irradiation point inside the test chamber. Take several pictures of the calibration plate at the laser irradiation point with a high-speed camera. After processing the images with a computer program, obtain the actual length of the pixels corresponding to the images taken by the high-speed camera and the laser two-dimensional plane at this distance. Then remove the calibration plate. The preliminary preparation work for the test is completed.

[0017] Step 4: Start the test recording with the high-speed camera. Operate the computer to turn on the integrated fan of the forward rotation test box and the integrated fan of the reverse rotation test box. The computer continuously records and saves the parameters of the flexible rod and pressure plate measured by the sensor when they are only subjected to wind force. After the flexible rod and pressure plate are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, turn on the water mist nozzle. The computer records and saves the parameters of the flexible rod and pressure plate measured by the sensor when they are subjected to the mist-containing water jet wind. After the flexible rod and pressure plate are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, the water jet wind speed measurement system measures the speed of the mist-containing water jet wind at this time. After obtaining all the data, only turn off the fan and the water mist nozzle.

[0018] Step 5: Operate the computer to adjust the time relay, and simultaneously turn on the integrated fan of the forward rotation test box, the integrated fan of the reverse rotation test box, and the water mist nozzle. The computer records and saves the parameters measured by the sensor when the flexible rod and the pressure plate are subjected to the mist-containing water jet wind formed by the simultaneous operation of the integrated fan of the forward rotation test box, the integrated fan of the reverse rotation test box, and the water mist nozzle. After the force on the flexible rod and the pressure plate stabilizes and the sensor parameters stabilize, the water jet wind speed measurement system measures the speed of the mist-containing water jet wind at this time. After obtaining the required data, the test device can be turned off.

[0019] Step 6: Compare and analyze the data obtained in Step 4 with the data obtained in Step 5 to reduce the experimental error caused by the different ways in which mist-containing water tongues are generated in the experiment.

[0020] Step 7: Adjusting the voltage of the DC water pump by using a regulated DC power supply can regulate the water output of the water mist nozzle. Repeat steps 1 to 6 above to simulate the action of mist-containing water jet wind with different water contents on the flexible rod and pressure plate. Save the experimental data and group them. By comparing the experimental data of different groups, the load pulsation characteristics of mist-containing water jet wind with different water contents can be analyzed.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This invention, through the time relay in the control system, can precisely control the start-up and shutdown of the DC water pump and the power-on time of the water supply device. Under test requirements, it can realize the simultaneous or timed start-up and shutdown of the water pump and the fan, ensuring a high degree of controllability and flexibility of test conditions.

[0023] 2. The experimental device in this invention is equipped with two fans, one rotating in the forward direction and the other in the reverse direction. The characteristics of the mist-containing water tongue wind formed under their combined action are more stable, which is beneficial for studying the pulsation characteristics of the mist-containing water tongue wind and providing more reliable experimental data.

[0024] 3. The attitude sensor, pressure sensor and displacement sensor integrated in this invention can measure the deflection angle and angular velocity of the flexible rod, as well as the pressure and displacement of the pressure plate in real time. These data are transmitted to the computer via Bluetooth, which is convenient for recording, saving and analyzing, and ensures the integrity and accuracy of the test data.

[0025] 4. The water supply pipe and test chamber in this invention are made of transparent material, which not only makes it easy to observe the movement trajectory of water flow and water mist particles, but also facilitates the preliminary drainage work. The regulated DC power supply can adjust the voltage at both ends of the water pump, thereby accurately controlling the water flow and water content, and ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the test conditions.

[0026] 5. In this invention, nanoscale tracer particles are added to the water supply tank during the experiment, and the movement trajectory of the water mist particles is clearly displayed under the action of a laser. A high-speed camera captures and records the movement of the water mist particles in the two-dimensional laser plane throughout the process. The computer calculates the water mist velocity by comparing the positions at different times. The video facilitates subsequent detailed analysis and improves the scientific nature and visualization of the experimental results. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fan measurement system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water tongue wind speed measurement system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0031] See Figures 1 to 3 A test device for determining the pulsating characteristics of mist-containing water jet wind load includes a water supply system, an operation and control system, a fan measurement system, and a water jet wind speed measurement system. The water supply system and the fan measurement system are connected through a water supply pipe 3. The operation and control system is electrically connected to the water supply system, the fan measurement system, and the water jet wind speed measurement system through a power line.

[0032] Preferably, the water supply system includes a water supply tank 1, the outlet of the water supply tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the DC water pump 2 through a water supply pipe 3, the outlet of the DC water pump 2 is connected to a water mist nozzle 401 through a water supply pipe 3, and the water mist nozzle 401 is installed on the top of the test box 408 of the fan testing system.

[0033] Preferably, the fan testing system includes a test chamber 408, with a forward-rotating test chamber integrated fan 402 and a reverse-rotating test chamber integrated fan 409 respectively installed at both ends of the test chamber 408, and a flexible rod 404 with a top integrated attitude sensor 403 installed in the narrow middle section of the test chamber 408.

[0034] Preferably, a pressure measuring plate 405 integrating a displacement sensor 406 and a pressure sensor 407 is provided behind the flexible rod 404, and four water mist nozzles 401 are installed on the top 408 of the test chamber, which are sealed to the water supply system through the water supply pipe 3.

[0035] Preferably, the water jet wind speed measurement system includes a high-speed camera 7, a YAG laser device 5, and a plane mirror 504. The high-speed camera 7 is located directly in front of the wind turbine measuring device 4, and the YAG laser device 5 and the plane mirror 504 are both located below the wind turbine measuring device 4.

[0036] Preferably, the YAG laser device 5 includes a laser generating device 501, a light guide arm 502, and a beam splitter 503. The laser generating device 501 and the beam splitter 503 are connected through the light guide arm 502, and the beam splitter 503 is disposed on the side of the plane mirror 504.

[0037] Preferably, the operation and control system includes a computer 9, a time relay 8, and a regulated DC power supply 6. The computer 9 is connected via Bluetooth to the attitude sensor 403 and the pressure plate 405 integrated on the flexible rod 404 in the fan measuring system. The computer 9 is electrically connected to the time relay 8 and the high-speed camera 7 via a power cord. The regulated DC power supply 6 is electrically connected via a power cord to the time relay 8, the DC water supply pump 2 of the water supply system, the forward rotation test box integrated fan 402, and the reverse rotation test box integrated fan 409, respectively.

[0038] Preferably, both the test chamber 408 and the water supply pipe 3 are made of transparent PVC material.

[0039] Preferably, all component connections of the device are sealed connections.

[0040] In addition, the present invention also discloses a method for using a test device for measuring the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist and water tongues, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Before the test begins, connect all components in the device and check the airtightness of the test device. After confirming that everything is in order, add nanoscale tracer particles to the test water in the water supply tank 1, turn on the DC water supply pump 2 of the water supply system, and vent the water supply pipe 3 until no bubbles are observed. Adjust the voltage of all DC water supply pumps 2 in the water supply system through the regulated DC power supply 6.

[0042] Step 2: Turn on the YAG laser generating device 5. The generated laser is guided to the beam splitter 503 through the light guide arm 502. The laser is emitted as a fan-shaped laser by the beam splitter 503. Adjust the position and angle of the light guide arm 502 and the beam splitter 503 so that the emitted fan-shaped laser can be reflected by the plane mirror 504 and then shot vertically upward into the test chamber 408 from below. At this time, the irradiation range of the fan-shaped laser is approximately two-dimensional plane from the perspective of the high-speed camera 7.

[0043] Step 3: Place a calibration plate at the laser irradiation point inside the test chamber 408. The high-speed camera 7 takes several pictures of the calibration plate at the laser irradiation point. After the computer program 9 processes the images and obtains the actual length of the pixels corresponding to the images taken by the high-speed camera 7 and the laser two-dimensional plane at this distance, remove the calibration plate. The preliminary preparation work for the test is completed.

[0044] Step 4: Start the test recording with the high-speed camera 7. Operate the computer 9 to turn on the integrated fan 402 of the forward test box and the integrated fan 409 of the reverse test box. The computer 9 continuously records and saves the parameters of the flexible rod 404 and the pressure plate 405 when they are only subjected to wind force, as measured by the sensor. After the flexible rod 404 and the pressure plate 405 are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, turn on the water mist nozzle 401. The computer 9 records and saves the parameters of the flexible rod 404 and the pressure plate 405 when they are subjected to misty water jet wind, as measured by the sensor. After the flexible rod 404 and the pressure plate 405 are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, the water jet wind speed measurement system measures the speed of the misty water jet wind at this time. After obtaining all the data, only turn off the fan and the water mist nozzle 401.

[0045] Step 5: Operate the computer 9 to adjust the time relay 8, and simultaneously turn on the integrated fan 402 of the forward rotation test box, the integrated fan 409 of the reverse rotation test box, and the water mist nozzle 401. The computer 9 records and saves the parameters measured by the sensor when the flexible rod 404 and the pressure plate 405 are subjected to the action of the mist-containing water tongue wind formed by the simultaneous opening of the integrated fan 402 of the forward rotation test box, the integrated fan 409 of the reverse rotation test box, and the water mist nozzle. After the flexible rod 404 and the pressure plate 405 are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, the water tongue wind speed measurement system measures the speed of the mist-containing water tongue wind at this time. After obtaining the required data, the test device can be turned off.

[0046] Step 6: Compare and analyze the data obtained in Step 4 with the data obtained in Step 5 to reduce the experimental error caused by the different ways in which mist-containing water tongues are generated in the experiment.

[0047] Step 7: Adjusting the voltage of the DC water pump 2 by using the regulated DC power supply 6 can adjust the water output of the water mist nozzle 401. Repeat steps 1 to 6 above to simulate the action of mist-containing water jet wind with different water contents on the flexible rod 404 and the pressure measuring plate 405. Save the experimental data and group them. By comparing the experimental data of different groups, the load pulsation characteristics of mist-containing water jet wind with different water contents can be analyzed.

[0048] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for determining the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist and water tongue, characterized in that, The system includes a water supply system, an operation and control system, a fan measurement system, and a water jet wind speed measurement system. The water supply system and the fan measurement system are connected through a water supply pipe (3). The operation and control system is electrically connected to the water supply system, the fan measurement system, and the water jet wind speed measurement system through a power line. The water supply system includes a water supply tank (1). The outlet of the water supply tank (1) is connected to the inlet of a DC water pump (2) through a water supply pipe (3). The outlet of the DC water pump (2) is connected to a water mist nozzle (401) through a water supply pipe (3). The water mist nozzle (401) is installed on top of the test box (408) of the fan measurement system. The fan testing system includes a test chamber (408), with a forward-rotating test chamber integrated fan (402) and a reverse-rotating test chamber integrated fan (409) respectively at both ends. A flexible rod (404) with a top-integrated attitude sensor (403) is installed in the narrow middle section of the test chamber (408). A pressure measuring plate (405) integrating a displacement sensor (406) and a pressure sensor (407) is provided behind the flexible rod (404). Four water mist nozzles (401) are installed on the top of the test chamber (408), and water is supplied through a water pipe (3). The water jet wind speed measuring system is sealed and connected to the water supply system. It includes a high-speed camera (7), a YAG laser device (5), and a plane mirror (504). The high-speed camera (7) is located in front of the wind turbine measuring device (4). The YAG laser device (5) and the plane mirror (504) are both located below the wind turbine measuring device (4). The YAG laser device (5) includes a laser generating device (501), a light guide arm (502), and a beam splitter (503). The laser generating device (501) and the beam splitter (503) are connected through the light guide arm (502). The beam splitter (503) is located below the plane mirror (504). On the side, the operation and control system includes a computer (9), a time relay (8), and a regulated DC power supply (6). The computer (9) is connected via Bluetooth to the attitude sensor (403) and the pressure plate (405) integrated on the flexible rod (404) in the fan measuring system. The computer (9) is electrically connected to the time relay (8) and the high-speed camera (7) via a power cord. The regulated DC power supply (6) is electrically connected via a power cord to the time relay (8), the DC water pump (2) of the water supply system, the forward rotation test box integrated fan (402), and the reverse rotation test box integrated fan (409).

2. The test apparatus for determining the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist and water tongues according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test chamber (408) and the water supply pipe (3) are both made of transparent PVC material.

3. The test apparatus for determining the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist and water tongues according to claim 1, characterized in that, All components of this device have sealed connections.

4. A method of using the test apparatus for determining the pulsating characteristics of wind loads containing mist and water tongues according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Before the test begins, connect all the components in the device and check the airtightness of the test device. After confirming that there are no problems, add nano-level tracer particles to the test water in the water supply tank (1), turn on the DC water supply pump (2) of the water supply system, and vent the water supply pipe (3) until no bubbles are observed. Adjust the voltage of all DC water supply pumps (2) in the water supply system through the regulated DC power supply (6). Step 2: Turn on the YAG laser generating device (5). The generated laser is guided to the beam splitter (503) through the light guide arm (502). The laser is emitted as a fan-shaped laser through the beam splitter (503). Adjust the position and angle of the light guide arm (502) and the beam splitter (503) so that the emitted fan-shaped laser can be reflected by the plane mirror (504) and shot vertically upward into the test chamber (408) from below. At this time, the irradiation range of the fan-shaped laser is approximately two-dimensional plane under the view of the high-speed camera (7). Step 3: Place a calibration plate at the laser irradiation point inside the test chamber (408), and take several pictures of the calibration plate at the laser irradiation point using a high-speed camera (7). After processing the images using a computer (9) program, obtain the actual length of the pixel points corresponding to the pictures taken by the high-speed camera (7) and the laser two-dimensional plane at this distance, remove the calibration plate. The preliminary preparation work for the test is completed. Step 4: Start the test recording by turning on the high-speed camera (7). Operate the computer (9) to turn on the integrated fan (402) of the forward test box and the integrated fan (409) of the reverse test box. The computer (9) continuously records and saves the parameters of the flexible rod (404) and the pressure plate (405) when they are only subjected to wind force, as measured by the sensor. After the flexible rod (404) and the pressure plate (405) are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, turn on the water mist nozzle (401). The computer (9) records and saves the parameters of the flexible rod (404) and the pressure plate (405) when they are subjected to misty water tongue wind, as measured by the sensor. After the flexible rod (404) and the pressure plate (405) are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, the water tongue wind speed measurement system measures the speed of the misty water tongue wind at this time. After obtaining all the data, only turn off the fan and the water mist nozzle (401). Step 5: Operate the computer (9) to adjust the time relay (8), and simultaneously turn on the integrated fan (402) of the forward rotation test box, the integrated fan (409) of the reverse rotation test box, and the water mist nozzle (401). The computer (9) records and saves the parameters measured by the sensor when the flexible rod (404) and the pressure plate (405) are subjected to the action of the mist-containing water tongue wind formed by the simultaneous opening of the integrated fan (402) of the forward rotation test box, the integrated fan (409) of the reverse rotation test box, and the water mist nozzle. After the flexible rod (404) and the pressure plate (405) are under stable force and the sensor parameters are stable, the water tongue wind speed measurement system measures the speed of the mist-containing water tongue wind at this time. After obtaining the required data, the test device can be turned off. Step 6: Compare and analyze the data obtained in Step 4 with the data obtained in Step 5 to reduce the experimental error caused by the different ways in which mist-containing water tongues are generated in the experiment. Step 7: Adjust the voltage of the DC water pump (2) by adjusting the voltage of the DC power supply (6) to adjust the water output of the water mist nozzle (401). Repeat steps 1 to 6 above to simulate the action of mist-containing water tongue wind with different water contents on the flexible rod (404) and the pressure plate (405). Save the test data and group them. By comparing the test data of different groups, the load pulsation characteristics of mist-containing water tongue wind with different water contents can be analyzed.

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