Physical model sample pouring device and method for monitoring deformation stress of surrounding rock
By using auxiliary frames and connecting lines to fix strain bricks during the pouring of physical model samples, the problem of unstable position of strain bricks is solved, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement data.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510184422.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-09
AI Technical Summary
During the pouring of physical model samples, the stability and accuracy of the strain brick position are difficult to ensure, resulting in the accuracy of the measurement data being affected.
An auxiliary frame is used which is spliced with multiple side panels, and a connecting line is set in the frame to fix the strain bricks in a preset position to ensure the stability and accuracy of their position.
Through the design of auxiliary frames and connecting lines, the position of the strain bricks remains unchanged during the pouring process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measured stress and strain data.
Smart Images
Figure CN119958948A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of physical model testing, and in particular relates to a physical model sample casting device and method for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring. Background Art
[0002] As a means of studying the mechanical properties of surrounding rock in underground projects, physical model tests have been widely and rapidly developed in recent years. Physical simulation tests can reasonably simulate the mechanical response of surrounding rock in underground projects under construction and operation conditions by applying boundary loads to the specimens according to a certain similarity ratio, supplemented by prefabricated or excavated underground caverns and engineering structures, and thus reveal the mechanical behavior of surrounding rock in real underground projects. To accurately understand the mechanical response law of surrounding rock under different working conditions, it is often necessary to set up monitoring units inside or on the surface of the specimens, such as strain bricks, optical fiber sensors, acoustic emission sensors, etc. Among them, strain bricks can ensure that they can coordinate deformation with the surrounding rock mass during the measurement process due to their simple preparation method, low cost, and the materials used are consistent with physical model specimens, thereby ensuring that the measured stress-strain data are accurate data at the location of the strain bricks.
[0003] During the casting of model specimens, since the material of the model specimens often has a certain fluidity and will solidify after curing, how to ensure the stability and accuracy of the position of the strain bricks during the casting and curing of the specimens has become a difficult problem in the casting of model specimens. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a physical model specimen casting device and method for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring, which can solve the technical problem of how to ensure the accuracy and stability of the strain brick position during the casting process of the physical model specimen.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0006] A physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring has the following structural features: comprising an auxiliary frame formed by splicing a plurality of side panels and a connecting line arranged in the auxiliary frame, the shape of the auxiliary frame matches the shape of a casting mold used when casting the physical model sample; the auxiliary frame is provided with a casting port, at least two opposite side panels of the auxiliary frame are provided with binding holes, the center position of the binding hole corresponds to the projection of the center of a preset position of a strain brick in the auxiliary frame on the side panel; one end of the connecting line is fixedly connected to the binding hole, and the other end is used for fixed connection with the strain brick.
[0007] The auxiliary frame is made of a material that does not adhere to the casting material of the physical model sample, which facilitates the removal of the auxiliary frame when the model is cast. The connecting wire only serves to fix the strain bricks and will not affect the structure and stress distribution of the physical model sample. The connecting wire can be made of thin metal wire such as enameled wire, thin iron wire, etc., and can also be made of fishing line. The connecting wire only needs to have a certain strength to fix the strain bricks in the auxiliary frame. When the auxiliary frame is used, the auxiliary frame is placed in the casting mold, and the side panels of the auxiliary frame are fitted with the inner wall of the mold, and the casting material is poured into the auxiliary frame through the casting port. The physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring of the present invention uses an auxiliary frame and fixes the strain bricks. When the physical model sample is cast, the position of the strain bricks will not change due to the fluidity of the casting material, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the position of the strain bricks.
[0008] Preferably, the auxiliary frame is formed by splicing six side panels, and two adjacent side panels are vertically connected. The two adjacent side panels can be fixed by bolts.
[0009] Preferably, the side panels of the auxiliary frame have different shapes, and each side panel is provided with a pouring port.
[0010] Preferably, the binding holes include a plurality of closely spaced through holes, and the center positions of the plurality of through holes correspond to the projection of the center of the preset position of the strain brick in the auxiliary frame on the side plate.
[0011] Preferably, the side panels of the auxiliary frame are provided with connecting holes, and the connecting holes are used to fix the prefabricated cavern in the auxiliary frame.
[0012] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a method for casting a physical model sample for monitoring surrounding rock deformation and stress, using the physical model sample casting device for monitoring surrounding rock deformation and stress as described above, the casting method comprises the following steps:
[0013] Step S1: placing the strain brick at a preset position in the auxiliary frame, and fixing the position of the strain brick through connecting wires on the side panels of the auxiliary frame;
[0014] Step S2: placing the auxiliary frame into the physical model sample casting mold, injecting casting material into the auxiliary frame through the casting port, and performing curing after the model casting is completed;
[0015] Step S3: After the sample has a certain strength after curing, demould the sample and remove the side panels of the auxiliary frame, and continue curing until the curing is completed.
[0016] In step S4, after the sample is demoulded, if necessary, a similar material with the same proportion as the casting material can be used to level and polish the sample surface. The physical model sample casting method for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring of the present invention ensures that the strain bricks of the model sample always maintain a stable spatial distribution during the casting process by setting an auxiliary frame, thereby providing technical support for ensuring the accuracy of the measured stress-strain data.
[0017] To simulate the cavern and engineering structure, preferably, the side plate of the auxiliary frame is provided with a connecting hole, which is used to fix the prefabricated cavern in the auxiliary frame; in step S1, a spherical and cylindrical mold are used to make a cavern structure, and the height of the cylinder is equal to the distance from the prefabricated cavern to the boundary of the sample; the paraffin is melted and then cast into solid spheres and cylinders. When casting the cylinder, a connecting rod is placed in the cylindrical mold, and the paraffin is wrapped around the connecting rod, and the outer end of the connecting rod is arranged on the outside of the cylindrical mold; after the paraffin is shaped, the spherical and cylindrical paraffin are placed at the preset position of the prefabricated cavern in the auxiliary frame, and the outer end of the connecting rod is arranged in the connecting hole and fixedly connected to the side plate of the auxiliary frame; in step S3, after the curing is completed, the paraffin in the sample is melted by heating, and the connecting rod is removed from the sample, thereby forming an inflation pipe and a prefabricated cavern in the sample. The prefabricated cave structure is prepared by using the corresponding mold and paraffin, and the cave model is fixed in the auxiliary frame by connecting rods. When the sample is poured, the position of the cave model will not change due to the fluidity of the pouring material, thereby ensuring the spatial positioning of the prefabricated cave. The inflation pipe formed in the sample runs through the side wall of the sample, and the outer end opening of the inflation pipe is connected to the outside world. The cave structure can be prepared using PVC or silicone molds, and the length of the connecting rod used must exceed the distance between the cave and the sample boundary so that the outer end of the connecting rod can be connected to the auxiliary frame.
[0018] Preferably, the connecting rod is a threaded rod, and the connecting hole is a threaded hole matching the threaded rod.
[0019] Preferably, the strain bricks are provided in plurality, and the plurality of strain bricks are distributed on one side of the prefabricated cavern.
[0020] Preferably, in step S1, a plurality of groups of binding holes are reserved on each side plate of the auxiliary frame, and the center position of each group of binding holes corresponds to the projection of the center of the preset position of each strain brick in the auxiliary frame on each side plate.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] 1. The physical model sample casting method for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring of the present invention ensures that the strain bricks of the model sample always maintain a stable spatial distribution during the casting process by setting an auxiliary frame, thereby providing technical support for ensuring the accuracy of the measured stress-strain data.
[0023] 2. The method for casting a physical model sample for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring of the present invention prepares a prefabricated cavern structure through corresponding molds and paraffin, and fixes the cavern model in an auxiliary frame through connecting rods. When the sample is cast, the position of the cavern model will not change due to the fluidity of the casting material, thereby ensuring the spatial positioning of the prefabricated cavern. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary frame structure in the physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of strain bricks and prefabricated caverns in the physical model specimen casting method for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring.
[0026] In the figure:
[0027] 1-strain brick, 2-auxiliary frame, 3-connecting rod, 4-connecting hole, 5-binding hole, 6-prefabricated cavern, 7-pouring mouth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" appear in the following, they only indicate that the upper, lower, left and right directions are consistent with the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
[0029] The physical model sample to be prepared in this embodiment is a compressed air energy storage simulation, the sample size is 500mm×500mm×500mm, the internal gas storage cavern is spherical, the radius of the cavern is 50mm, and a gas injection hole is reserved with a hole diameter of 20mm. To prepare the sample, the physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring provided in this embodiment includes an auxiliary frame 2 and a connecting wire set in the auxiliary frame 2, and the connecting wire is made of metal wire. Figure 1As shown, the auxiliary frame 2 is made of six side panels, and the adjacent side panels are vertically connected by bolts, and each side panel is provided with a pouring port 7. Among them, the upper and lower side panels are 500mm×500mm in size, the front and rear side panels are 500mm×484mm in size, the left and right side panels are 484mm×484mm in size, and the thickness of the panels is 8mm. The side panels are connected and fixed by embedded bolts. The center of the preset position of the strain brick 1 in the auxiliary frame 2 is projected on each side panel with a binding hole 5 reserved. Each group of binding holes 5 includes two small holes arranged closely together, and the centers of the two small holes arranged closely together correspond to the projection coordinates of the center of the strain brick on the side panel. A connection hole 4 is reserved on the front side panel, and the connection hole 4 is a threaded hole. The connection hole 4 is used to fix the prefabricated cavern 6 in the auxiliary frame 2.
[0030] The method for casting a physical model sample for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring of this embodiment includes the following steps:
[0031] Step S1: placing the strain bricks 1 at a preset position in the auxiliary frame 2, and fixing each strain brick 1 by corresponding metal wires on each side plate of the auxiliary frame 2; using a mold connected by a spherical and cylindrical shape to make a cavern structure, the height of the cylinder is equal to the distance from the prefabricated cavern 6 to the boundary of the sample; melting the paraffin wax and casting a solid sphere and a cylinder, when casting the cylinder, placing a connecting rod 3 in the cylindrical mold, the paraffin wax is wrapped around the connecting rod 3, the outer end of the connecting rod 3 is arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical mold, and the connecting rod 3 is a threaded rod matching the connecting hole 4; after the paraffin wax is shaped, placing the spherical and cylindrical paraffin wax at the preset position of the prefabricated cavern 6 in the auxiliary frame 2, and setting the outer end of the connecting rod 3 in the connecting hole 4 and fixedly connected to the side plate of the auxiliary frame 2;
[0032] Step S2: placing the auxiliary frame 2 into the model sample casting mold, injecting casting materials in batches through the casting port 7, vibrating and compacting, and performing curing after the model casting is completed;
[0033] Step S4: After the sample has a certain strength after curing, demould the sample and remove the side panels of the auxiliary frame 2, use similar materials with the same ratio to level and polish the surface of the sample, and continue curing; after the curing is completed, high-temperature heating is used to melt the paraffin in the sample, and the connecting rod 3 is removed from the sample, thereby forming an inflation pipe and a prefabricated cavern 6 in the sample, and the outer end opening of the inflation pipe passes through the side wall of the sample and is connected to the outside world; after the sample is cured, the physical model test can be carried out.
[0034] The contents explained in the above embodiments should be understood as these embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the embodiments made by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to the present invention.
Claims
1. A physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring, characterized in that: The auxiliary frame (2) comprises a plurality of side panels spliced together and a connecting line arranged in the auxiliary frame (2); the shape of the auxiliary frame (2) matches the shape of a casting mold used when casting a physical model specimen; the auxiliary frame (2) is provided with a casting port (7); at least two opposite side panels of the auxiliary frame (2) are provided with binding holes (5); the center position of the binding hole (5) corresponds to the projection of the center of a preset position of a strain brick (1) in the auxiliary frame (2) on the side panel; One end of the connecting wire is fixedly connected to the binding hole (5), and the other end is used to be fixedly connected to the strain brick (1).
2. The physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The auxiliary frame (2) is formed by splicing six side panels, and two adjacent side panels are vertically connected.
3. The physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The side panels of the auxiliary frame (2) have different shapes, and each side panel is provided with a pouring port (7).
4. The physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The binding holes (5) include a plurality of closely spaced through holes, the center positions of the plurality of through holes corresponding to the projection of the center of the preset position of the strain brick (1) in the auxiliary frame (2) on the side plate.
5. The physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A connecting hole (4) is provided on the side plate of the auxiliary frame (2), and the connecting hole (4) is used to fix the prefabricated cavern (6) inside the auxiliary frame (2).
6. A method for casting a physical model sample for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring, characterized in that: The physical model sample casting device for surrounding rock deformation stress monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, and the casting method includes the following steps: Step S1: placing the strain brick (1) at a preset position in the auxiliary frame (2), and fixing the position of the strain brick (1) by connecting wires on each partition of the auxiliary frame (2); Step S2: placing the auxiliary frame (2) into a physical model sample casting mold, injecting casting material into the auxiliary frame (2) through the casting port (7), and performing curing after the model casting is completed; Step S3: After the sample has been cured to a certain strength, the sample is demoulded and the side panels of the auxiliary frame (2) are removed, and the curing is continued until the curing is completed.
7. The method for casting a physical model sample for monitoring surrounding rock deformation and stress according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The side plate of the auxiliary frame (2) is provided with a connecting hole (4), and the connecting hole (4) is used to fix the prefabricated cavity (6) in the auxiliary frame (2); in step S1, a cavity structure is made by using a mold connected between a sphere and a cylinder, and the height of the cylinder is equal to the distance from the prefabricated cavity (6) to the boundary of the sample; after melting paraffin wax, a solid sphere and a cylinder are cast, and when casting the cylinder, a connecting rod (3) is placed in the cylindrical mold, and the paraffin wax is wrapped around the connecting rod (3), and the outer end of the connecting rod (3) is arranged on the outer side of the cylindrical mold; after the paraffin wax is fixed, the spherical and cylindrical paraffin wax are placed at the preset position of the prefabricated cavity (6) in the auxiliary frame (2), and the outer end of the connecting rod (3) is arranged in the connecting hole (4) and fixedly connected to the side plate of the auxiliary frame (2); in step S3, after the curing is completed, the paraffin wax in the sample is melted by heating, and the connecting rod (3) is removed from the sample, so as to form an inflation pipe and a prefabricated cavity (6) in the sample.
8. The method for casting a physical model sample for surrounding rock deformation and stress monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting rod (3) is a threaded rod, and the connecting hole (4) is a threaded hole matching the threaded rod.
9. The method for casting a physical model sample for surrounding rock deformation and stress monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that: The strain bricks (1) are provided in plurality, and the plurality of strain bricks (1) are distributed on one side of the prefabricated cavern (6).
10. The method for casting a physical model sample for surrounding rock deformation and stress monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S1, a plurality of groups of binding holes (5) are reserved on each side plate of the auxiliary frame (2), and the center position of each group of binding holes (5) corresponds to the projection of the center of the preset position of each strain brick (1) in the auxiliary frame (2) on each side plate.