Wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and treatment system and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and treatment system and an operation method thereof, and relates to the field of gas detection. The system comprises a shell assembly, a gas transmission system and a detection and control system, the gas transmission system and the detection and control system are connected and are both arranged in the shell assembly; rollers are arranged at the bottom of the shell assembly, and the whole system can translate in a detection site; the gas conveying system comprises a gas collecting pump, a conveying pipeline, a gas collecting tank and a measuring device for greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O respectively; the conveying pipeline is connected into the gas collecting box, the gas collecting pump and the flux detector are arranged on the conveying pipeline, and the measuring device is arranged in the gas collecting box. Detection greenhouse gases are respectively conveyed into the detection devices through the gas conveying pipelines, and two gases can be detected at the same time; by means of the movable power source, the movable rolling wheels and the automatic telescopic positioning piles, the whole detection device can automatically run in the constructed wetland in all directions and all time periods. The system has the advantages of convenient operation, high monitoring efficiency, stable performance and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of gas detection, and in particular relates to a system and method for dynamic and mobile collection and high-precision monitoring and management of wetland greenhouse gases. Background Art

[0002] Although environmental pollution has been greatly improved with the improvement of awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction, for artificial wetlands, monitoring and controlling the content of greenhouse gas N2O and CO2 gas pollutants produced is an important link.

[0003] The Chinese patent application "An Air Environment Monitoring Device" with application number CN 202420032386.3 provides an air environment monitoring device, including a support plate and an adjustment part, the adjustment part includes an electric telescopic rod, a placement plate, a guide rod and a limit bar, the output end of the electric telescopic rod is provided with the placement plate; the upper end of the placement plate is provided with an air detector; the side end of the support plate is provided with a guide hole, one end of the guide rod passes through the guide hole, and the guide rod is slidably arranged along the guide hole; the outer wall of the guide hole is provided with a limit groove, and the limit bar and the limit groove are correspondingly arranged; the side of the support plate is provided with a horizontal part, and the horizontal part includes a horizontal support plate and a threaded rod. The utility model provides an air environment monitoring device, which is convenient for automatic height adjustment, and there is no need to repeatedly install and disassemble the instrument, thereby improving the efficiency of the monitoring work. The patent provides a gas monitoring method, but the machine cannot move autonomously and cannot perform gas detection efficiently and continuously.

[0004] The Chinese patent application "A movable atmospheric environment monitoring device" with application number CN 202320432147.2, this utility model discloses a movable atmospheric environment monitoring device, which belongs to the field of environmental monitoring technology, including a base frame and a lowering platform, a stand frame is fixed on the base frame, the main body of the monitoring device is fixed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is driven by a lifting mechanism to adjust its height, and the lifting mechanism includes a driving shaft, a driving sprocket is installed at both ends of the driving shaft, a driven sprocket is arranged just above the driving sprocket, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a chain, a mounting beam is fixed on the chain, and the back plate of the lifting platform is fixed on the mounting beam. A guide slider is also arranged on the back plate of the lifting platform, and a guide rail is arranged from top to bottom on the stand frame, and the guide slider is arranged in coordination with the guide rail. The utility model adopts multiple guide rails to cooperate with the sprocket chain drive, and the overall structure is simple while also improving the stability of movement. In addition, a solar bracket is arranged on the top of the stand frame, and the design can use solar energy to power the lifting mechanism and the main body of the monitoring device, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. This patent provides a portable gas measurement method, but cannot collect and detect N2O and CO2 in artificial wetlands.

[0005] The Chinese patent application "A Wetland Air Pollution Monitoring Device" with application number CN 202311553333.2 belongs to the field of gas pollution monitoring technology, including a gas collecting cross pipe and a gas guiding bend pipe, the gas guiding bend pipe is arc-shaped, and the two ends of the gas guiding bend pipe are respectively connected to the two ends of the gas collecting cross pipe, and the gas guiding bend pipe and the gas collecting cross pipe are combined to form a semicircle; the air inlet and the air exchange port are arranged on both sides of the baffle and are respectively used for the gas collecting cross pipe to inlet air when it is reversed and forward; the middle part of the gas guiding bend pipe is connected to a gas monitoring cavity, and the middle part of the gas collecting cross pipe is connected to a rotating drive device, which is connected to the output end of the vertical displacement drive device. The rotating drive device drives the gas collecting cross pipe and the gas guiding bend pipe to rotate in the semicircular plane formed by the two, and the piston slides in the direction away from the baffle under the action of centrifugal force. The piston compresses the gas in the gas collecting cross pipe to the gas monitoring cavity, and then monitors the gas through the gas monitor. The device of the present invention has a wider sampling range and can improve the accuracy of air pollution monitoring. However, this patent is not convenient for mobile monitoring and cannot effectively measure the N2O and CO2 content in artificial wetlands. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system and its operation method, which can solve the problem of complex structure and poor flexibility of the current greenhouse gas collection device, accurately detect the amount of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2 in artificial wetlands, and adaptively adjust the operating parameters of artificial wetlands. This monitoring system has the advantages of convenient operation, high monitoring efficiency, and stable performance.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system comprises: a shell component (1), a gas transmission system (2), a detection and control system (3), and a detection site (4); wherein the gas transmission system and the detection and control system are connected, and both are placed inside the shell component; the shell component (1) has rollers at the bottom, and the entire system can be translated in the detection site; the gas transmission system (2) comprises a gas collection pump, a flux detector, a delivery pipeline, a gas collection box, and a measuring device for greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O respectively; the delivery pipeline is connected to the gas collection box, the gas collection pump and the flux detector are arranged on the delivery pipeline, and the measuring device is arranged in the gas collection box.

[0009] The housing assembly (1) comprises: an air collecting hood (1-1), a GPS locator (1-2), a movable power source (1-3), a movable roller (1-4), and an automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5); wherein the GPS locator (1-2) and the movable power source (1-3) are installed on the air collecting hood (1-1); the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5) is installed on the bottom of the air collecting hood (1-1); and the movable roller (1-4) is installed on the end of the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5);

[0010] The gas collecting pump (2-1) of the gas transmission system (2) is installed on the gas collecting cover (1-1) and is opposite to the GPS locator (1-2); the gas collecting boxes are arranged in parallel, and the delivery pipeline is located above the gas collecting boxes and is separated by a partition.

[0011] The inspection and control system (3) comprises: an N2O measuring device (3-1), a CO2 measuring device (3-2), a control box (3-3), an intelligent controller (3-4) and a result determiner (3-5); wherein the intelligent controller (3-4) and the result determiner (3-5) are located in the control box (3-3); the measuring devices of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2 comprise a flux detector for detecting flux and a spectrometer for detecting content, both of which are connected to the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller transmits the result to the result determiner and outputs the result;

[0012] The test site (4) includes an artificial wetland (4-1) and plants (4-2).

[0013] A method for operating a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system, the steps are as follows:

[0014] Step 1: The GPS locator (1-2) intelligently searches for monitoring points according to the required measurement area, and transmits the positioning information to the intelligent controller (3-4). The intelligent controller (3-4) transmits the information to the movable power source (1-3) and the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5), and the movable power source (1-3) is started; the movable roller (1-4) reaches the designated position, and the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5) locks the movable roller (1-4), and the movable roller (1-4) is positioned in the artificial wetland (4-1);

[0015] Step 2: CO2 and N2O are transported to the gas collection box through the transmission pipeline respectively, and the measuring device detects the real-time CO2 gas production Vc1, Vc2, ..., Vc n , real-time greenhouse gas CO2 monitoring concentration C1, C2, ..., C n , and real-time N2O production V N1 、V N2 ,…,V Nn , real-time greenhouse gas N2O monitoring concentration N1, N2, ..., N n, where n is the number of measuring devices. The detected data is transmitted to the intelligent controller (3-4), which calculates the real-time production W of greenhouse gas CO2 at each point c,i , and the real-time production of greenhouse gas N2O W n,i :

[0016] W c,i =C i ×V Ci ×10 -3

[0017] W n,i =N i ×V Ni ×10 -3

[0018] The average production W of the measured greenhouse gas CO2 is obtained according to the following formula c,ave , and the average production of greenhouse gas N2O W n,ave :

[0019]

[0020] Where: n-the number of measuring devices;

[0021] The total production of greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O in artificial wetlands was further calculated. c,total and W n,total :

[0022] W c,total =W c,ave ×S

[0023] W n,total =W n,ave ×S

[0024] Where: S-area of ​​artificial wetland, m 2 .

[0025] Step 3: The intelligent controller (3-4) analyzes the above data and transmits it to the result determiner (3-5); the result determiner (3-5) first determines the average production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2: if W c,ave >W c,ave ' or W n,ave >W n,ave ', indicating that the greenhouse gas N2O or CO2 production per unit area is too high, and the influent needs to be diluted. The dilution ratio is Anyway, the original inlet water concentration is maintained.

[0026] Where: W c,ave ′、W n,ave′-The upper limit of the average production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2 in artificial wetlands, mg, which is determined according to the construction requirements of artificial wetlands;

[0027] At the same time, the result determiner (3-5) first determines the total production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2: c,total >W c,total ' or W n,total >W n,total ′, indicating that the load of the artificial wetland is too high, and the water inflow of the artificial wetland needs to be reduced. Anyway, the original inlet water concentration is maintained.

[0028] Where: W c,total ′、W n,total ′-The upper limit of the total production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2 in artificial wetlands, mg, which is determined according to the construction requirements of artificial wetlands;

[0029] Step 4: After the monitoring is completed, the control box (3-3) of the monitoring system (3) sends a signal to the GPS locator (1-2) according to the monitoring results, and controls the measuring device to move to the monitoring point at the next moment, and then returns to step 2.

[0030] Among them, in step 1, the monitoring points of the artificial wetland are divided by the grid method. The specific operation steps are as follows:

[0031] Set grid lines in the length a and width b directions of the artificial wetland according to the following rules 1 to 3;

[0032] Rule 1: If a or b is less than 30m, draw a grid line at the midpoint of the length or width;

[0033] Rule 2: If a or b is within the range of 30-60m, a grid line is drawn at the 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 positions in the length direction;

[0034] Rule 3: If a or b>60m, a grid line is drawn every 20m starting from the midpoint of the length.

[0035] In step 2, real-time greenhouse gas CO2 monitoring concentrations C1, C2, ..., C n , and real-time N2O monitoring concentrations N1, N2, ..., N n Calculated by the following formula:

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Where: F g -Gas flux, mg·m -2 ·h -1; t-time after closing the box, S; T0-temperature under standard conditions, 273K; P0-air pressure under standard conditions, 101325Pa; A-bottom area of ​​the gas collecting box, m 2 ; V q -Gas box air chamber volume, m 3 ; T- temperature at sampling, K; P- pressure at sampling, Pa;

[0039] The calculation method of gas flux is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Where: h-height of the gas collecting box, m; ρ c , n - Density of greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O, g·m -3 ; C- volume fraction of gas in the box, ×10 -9 ; t-time after buckling the box, S;

[0042] In step 3, at time t+1, compared with time t, the moving direction of each monitoring point is determined according to the following rules:

[0043] Set the position of each monitoring point at time t as:

[0044]

[0045] Where: -The distance of the i-th monitoring point from the origin in the long side direction, m; -The distance of the i-th monitoring point from the origin in the short side direction, m;

[0046] And assign the initial velocity to each monitoring point:

[0047]

[0048] Where: -The moving speed of the i-th monitoring point in the long side direction, m / s; -The moving speed of the i-th monitoring point in the short side direction, m / s;

[0049] And calculate the fitness value of each point at time t:

[0050] F i,t =a c W c,i,t +a n W n,i,t

[0051] Where: W c,i,t -The real-time production of greenhouse gas CO2 at point i at time t, mg; Wn,i,t -Real-time N2O production at point i at time t, mg; a c 、a n -The weights of CO2 and N2O are both in the range of 0-1 and satisfy a c +a n =1.

[0052] At time t+1, update the position of each monitoring point:

[0053]

[0054] Where: Δt-t is the time interval between time t-1 and time t-2, s

[0055] And update the speed of each monitoring point:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, F a+1,t -In the direction of the long side a, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the monitoring point i and farther from the origin, mg; F a-1,t -In the direction of the long side a, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the origin and adjacent to the monitoring point i, mg; F b+1,t -In the direction of the short side b, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the monitoring point i and farther from the origin, mg; F b-1,t -In the direction of the short side b, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the origin and adjacent to the monitoring point i, mg; k3 is the acceleration constant, which is 0-1m / (s*mg);

[0058] After updating, the data is fed back to the GPS locator (1-2) of each housing component (1).

[0059] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the present invention realizes the simultaneous high-precision detection of N2O and CO2 in artificial wetlands, and has the characteristics of accurate results, intelligence and strong adaptability. The monitoring system has the advantages of convenient operation, high monitoring efficiency and stable performance, and provides guidance for the operation of artificial wetlands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system;

[0061] Figure 2 This is an operation flow chart of a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and management system;

[0062] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A front view of

[0063] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Side view of

[0064] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0065] Among them, shell assembly-1, gas transmission system-2, inspection and control system-3, and testing site-4;

[0066] Gas collecting hood-1-1, GPS locator-1-2, movable power source-1-3, movable roller-1-4, automatic telescopic positioning pile-1-5;

[0067] Gas collecting pump-2-1, N2O delivery pipeline-2-2, CO2 delivery pipeline-2-3, N2O gas collecting box-2-4, N2O flux detector-2-5, N2O delivery pipeline-2-6, CO2 gas collecting box-2-7, CO2 flux detector-2-8, CO2 delivery pipeline-2-9;

[0068] N2O measuring device-3-1, CO2 measuring device-3-2, control box-3-3, intelligent controller-3-4, result determiner-3-5;

[0069] Artificial wetlands-4-1, plants-4-2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0071] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system includes: a shell component 1, a gas transmission system 2, a detection and control system 3, and a detection site 4. The gas transmission system 2 and the detection and control system 3 are connected and built into the shell component 1, and the whole is movable.

[0072] The shell assembly 1 includes: a gas collection hood 1-1, a GPS locator 1-2, a movable power source 1-3, a movable roller 1-4, and an automatic telescopic positioning pile 1-5. The gas transmission system 2 includes: a gas collection pump 2-1, an N2O delivery pipeline 2-2, a CO2 delivery pipeline 2-3, an N2O gas collection box 2-4, an N2O flux detector 2-5, an N2O delivery pipeline 2-6, a CO2 gas collection box 2-7, a CO2 flux detector 2-8, and a CO2 delivery pipeline 2-9. The inspection and control system 3 includes: an N2O measuring device 3-1, a CO2 measuring device 3-2, a control box 3-3, an intelligent controller 3-4, and a result determiner 3-5. The detection site 4 includes: an artificial wetland 4-1 and plants 4-2.

[0073] The air collecting hood 1-1 shell of the shell assembly 1 is a cube with a closed upper end and an open lower end; the GPS locator 1-2 and the movable power source 1-3 are installed on the air collecting hood 1-1 shell. The automatic telescopic positioning piles 1-5 are installed on the four vertical edges of the air collecting hood 1-1 shell; the movable roller 1-4 is installed below the automatic telescopic positioning piles 1-5.

[0074] The gas collecting pump 2-1 of the gas transmission system 2 is installed on the shell of the gas collecting hood 1-1, opposite to the GPS locator 1-2. The N2O delivery pipeline 2-2, the N2O gas collecting box 2-4, the N2O flux detector 2-5, and the N2O delivery pipeline 2-6 are installed inside the shell of the gas collecting hood 1-1 to form the N2O delivery system; the CO2 delivery pipeline 2-3, the CO2 gas collecting box 2-7, the CO2 flux detector 2-8, and the CO2 delivery pipeline 2-9 are installed inside the shell of the gas collecting hood 1-1 to form the CO2 delivery system; the N2O delivery pipeline 2-2 and the CO2 delivery pipeline 2-3 are located below the N2O gas collecting box 2-4 and the CO2 gas collecting box 2-7. The N2O gas collecting box 2-4 and the CO2 gas collecting box 2-7 are adjacent to each other. The N2O flux detector 2-5 and the CO2 flux detector 2-8 are respectively located at the top of the N2O gas collecting box 2-4 and the CO2 gas collecting box 2-7.

[0075] The delivery pipeline is connected to the gas collecting box, the gas collecting pump and the flux detector are arranged on the delivery pipeline, and the measuring device is arranged in the gas collecting box.

[0076] The inspection and control system 3 includes an N2O measuring device 3-1, a CO2 measuring device 3-2, and a control box 3-3 located adjacent to each other. An intelligent controller 3-4 and a result determiner 3-5 are located in the control box 3-3. The delivery pipelines of N2O and CO2 are both connected to the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller delivers the results to the result determiner.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] A horizontal subsurface artificial wetland system treats 50 cubic meters of sewage per day, with an influent COD concentration of 200 mg / L and an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 25 mg / L. The artificial wetland area is 900m 2 , the length of the long side a and the short side b are both 30m. The device measures at a height of 1m. The temperature during measurement is 25℃ (298K) and the air pressure is 101325Pa.

[0079] Since the length a and width b of the wetland system to be treated are both within the range of 30-60m, the long side and the short side are divided into grid lines at the 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 positions, and the four intersections are the positions of the initial monitoring points. The GPS locator transmits the positioning information to the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller transmits the information to the movable power source and the automatic retractable positioning pile, and the movable power source is started; with the help of the movable roller to reach the specified position, the automatic retractable positioning pile locks the movable roller (1-4) and locates in the artificial wetland.

[0080] Greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O are transported to the gas collection box through pipelines, and the measuring device detects the real-time CO2 gas production V C1 、V C2 、V C3 、V C4 , real-time greenhouse gas CO2 monitoring concentration C1, C2, C3, C4, and real-time N2O gas production V N1 、V N2 、V N3 、V N4 , real-time greenhouse gas N2O monitoring concentration N1, N2, N3, N4. The detected data is transmitted to the intelligent controller, which calculates the real-time production W of greenhouse gas CO2 at each point c,i , and the real-time production of greenhouse gas N2O W n,i :

[0081] W c,i =C i ×V Ci ×10 -3 ,i=1~4

[0082] W n,i =N i ×V Ni ×10 -3 ,i=1~4

[0083] Calculate the average production W of greenhouse gas CO2 of the measured gas c,ave , and the average production of greenhouse gas N2O W n,ave :

[0084]

[0085] The total production of greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O in artificial wetlands was further calculated. c,total and W n,total :

[0086] W c,total =W c,ave ×900

[0087] W n,total =Wn,ave ×900

[0088] Because W c,ave >W c,ave ′,W n,ave >W n,ave ', it is determined that the CO2 production per unit area is too high and the influent needs to be diluted. The dilution factor was 1.5.

[0089] At the same time, due to W c,total >W c,total ′,W n,total >W n,total ′, it is determined that the load of the artificial wetland is too high and the water inflow of the artificial wetland needs to be reduced. Take the ratio as 0.75.

[0090] After the monitoring is completed, according to the monitoring results, take a c =0.5, a n =0.5, calculate the fitness value of each point at time t:

[0091] F i,t =0.5×W c,i,t +0.5×W n,i,t ,i=1~4

[0092] Take the time interval as 10s, and update the position of each monitoring point at time t+1:

[0093]

[0094] And update the speed of each monitoring point:

[0095]

[0096] After updating, the data is fed back to the GPS locator (1-2) of each housing component (1).

[0097] Example 2

[0098] A horizontal subsurface artificial wetland system treats 50 cubic meters of sewage per day, with an influent COD concentration of 200 mg / L and an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 25 mg / L. The artificial wetland area is 14400m 2 The length of the wetland system is a = 120m, and the width is b = 120m. The device measures a height of 1m. The temperature during measurement is 25℃ (298K) and the air pressure is 101325Pa.

[0099] Since a, b>60m, the length and width start from the midpoint, and a grid line is divided every 20m, 5 in total. The 25 intersections are the locations of the initial monitoring points. The GPS locator transmits the positioning information to the intelligent controller, which transmits the information to the movable power source and the automatic retractable positioning pile, and the movable power source is started; the movable roller reaches the specified position, and the automatic retractable positioning pile locks the movable roller (1-4), and is positioned in the artificial wetland.

[0100] Greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O are transported to the gas collection box through pipelines, and the measuring device detects the real-time CO2 gas production V C1 、V C2 、V C3 …V C25 , real-time greenhouse gas CO2 monitoring concentration C1, C2, ..., C 25 , and real-time N2O production V N1 、V N2 ,…,V N25 , real-time greenhouse gas N2O monitoring concentration N1, N2, ..., N 25 The detected data is transmitted to the intelligent controller, which calculates the real-time production W of CO2 at each point. c,i , and the real-time production of greenhouse gas N2O W n,i :

[0101] W c,i =C i ×V Ci ×10 -3 ,i=1~25

[0102] W n,i =N i ×V Ni ×10 -3 ,i=1~25

[0103] Calculate the average production W of greenhouse gas CO2 of the measured gas c,ave , and the average N2O production W n,ave :

[0104]

[0105] The total production of greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O in artificial wetlands was further calculated. c,total and W n,total :

[0106] W c,total =W c,ave ×14400

[0107] W n,total =W n,ave×14400

[0108] Because W c,ave >W c,ave ', it is determined that the CO2 production per unit area is too high and the influent needs to be diluted. The dilution factor was 1.4.

[0109] At the same time, due to W c,total <W c,total ′ and W n,total <W n,total ′, it is determined that there is no need to reduce the water inflow of the constructed wetland.

[0110] After the monitoring is completed, according to the monitoring results, take a c =0.6, a n =0.4, calculate the fitness value of each point at time t:

[0111] F i,t =0.6×W c,i,t +0.4×W n,i,t ,i=1~10

[0112] Take the time interval as 1s, and update the position of each monitoring point at time t+1:

[0113]

[0114] And update the speed of each monitoring point:

[0115]

[0116] After updating, the data is fed back to the GPS locator (1-2) of each housing component (1).

[0117] Example 3

[0118] A horizontal subsurface artificial wetland system treats 50 cubic meters of sewage per day, with an influent COD concentration of 200 mg / L and an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 25 mg / L. The artificial wetland area is 3600m 2 , long side a = 120m, short side b = 30m. The device measures at a height of 1m. The temperature during measurement is 25℃ (298K) and the air pressure is 101325Pa.

[0119] Since the length of the artificial wetland system a>60m, a grid line is divided every 20m from the midpoint of the length direction, for a total of 5 lines. The width b is within the range of 30-60m, so the grid lines are divided at the 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 positions, for a total of 2 lines. The 10 intersections are the locations of the initial monitoring points. The GPS locator transmits the positioning information to the intelligent controller, which transmits the information to the movable power source and the automatically retractable positioning piles, and the movable power source is started; the movable roller reaches the specified position, and the automatically retractable positioning piles are extended into the artificial wetland for positioning.

[0120] Greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O are transported to the gas collection box through pipelines, and the measuring device detects the real-time CO2 gas production V C1 、V C2 、V C3 …V C10 , real-time greenhouse gas CO2 monitoring concentration C1, C2, ..., C 10 , and real-time N2O production V N1 、V N2 ,…,V N10 , real-time greenhouse gas N2O monitoring concentration N1, N2, ..., N 10 The detected data is transmitted to the intelligent controller, which calculates the real-time production W of CO2 at each point. c,i , and the real-time production of N2O W n,i :

[0121] W c,i =C i ×V Ci ×10 -3 ,i=1~10

[0122] W n,i =N i ×V Ni ×10 -3 ,i=1~10

[0123] Calculate the average CO2 production W of the measured gas c,ave , and the average N2O production W n,ave :

[0124]

[0125] The total production of CO2 and N2O in the artificial wetland was further calculated. c,total and W n,total :

[0126] W c,total =W c,ave ×3600

[0127] Wn,total =W n,ave ×3600

[0128] Because W c,ave <W c,ave ′ and W n,ave <W n,ave ′, it is determined that there is no need to dilute the incoming water.

[0129] At the same time, due to W c,total <W c,total ′ and W n,total <W n,total ′, it is determined that there is no need to reduce the water inflow of the constructed wetland.

[0130] After the monitoring is completed, according to the monitoring results, take a c =0.75, a n =0.25, calculate the fitness value of each point at time t:

[0131] F i,t =0.75×W c,i,t +0.25×W n,i,t ,i=1~10

[0132] Take the time interval as 5s, and update the position of each monitoring point at time t+1:

[0133]

[0134] And update the speed of each monitoring point:

[0135]

[0136] After updating, the data is fed back to the GPS locator (1-2) of each housing component (1).

[0137] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic real-time monitoring and control system for wetland greenhouse gases, characterized in that: include: A shell component (1), a gas transmission system (2), a detection and control system (3), and a detection site (4); wherein the gas transmission system and the detection and control system are connected, and both are placed inside the shell component; a roller is provided at the bottom of the shell component (1), and the entire system can be translated at the detection site with the aid of the roller; the gas transmission system (2) comprises a gas collection pump, a flux detector, a delivery pipeline, a gas collection box, and a measuring device for greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O respectively; the delivery pipeline is connected to the gas collection box, the gas collection pump and the flux detector are arranged on the delivery pipeline, and the measuring device is arranged in the gas collection box.

2. A wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing assembly (1) comprises: an air collecting hood (1-1), a GPS locator (1-2), a movable power source (1-3), a movable roller (1-4), and an automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5); wherein the GPS locator (1-2) and the movable power source (1-3) are installed on the air collecting hood (1-1); the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5) is installed on the bottom of the air collecting hood (1-1); and the movable roller (1-4) is installed on the end of the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5); The gas collecting pump (2-1) of the gas transmission system (2) is installed on the gas collecting hood (1-1) and is opposite to the GPS locator (1-2); the gas collecting boxes are arranged in parallel, and the delivery pipeline is located above the gas collecting boxes and is separated by a partition; The inspection and control system (3) comprises: an N2O measuring device (3-1), a CO2 measuring device (3-2), a control box (3-3), an intelligent controller (3-4) and a result determiner (3-5); wherein the intelligent controller (3-4) and the result determiner (3-5) are located in the control box (3-3); the measuring devices of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2 comprise a flux detector for detecting flux and a spectrometer for detecting content, both of which are connected to the intelligent controller, and the intelligent controller transmits the result to the result determiner and outputs the result; The detection site (4) comprises an artificial wetland (4-1) and plants (4-2).

3. The method for operating a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Here are the steps: Step 1: The GPS locator (1-2) intelligently searches for monitoring points according to the required measurement area, and transmits the positioning information to the intelligent controller (3-4). The intelligent controller (3-4) transmits the information to the movable power source (1-3) and the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5), and the movable power source (1-3) is started; the movable roller (1-4) reaches the designated position, and the automatically retractable positioning pile (1-5) locks the movable roller (1-4), and the movable roller (1-4) is positioned in the artificial wetland (4-1); Step 2: Greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O are transported to the gas collection box through the transmission pipeline, and the measuring device detects the real-time CO2 gas production Vc1, Vc2, ..., Vc n , real-time CO2 monitoring concentration C1, C2, ..., C n , and real-time N2O production V N1 、V N2 ,…,V Nn , real-time N2O monitoring concentration N1, N2, ..., N n , where n is the number of measuring devices; the detected data is transmitted to the intelligent controller (3-4), and for each i-th measuring device, the intelligent controller calculates its real-time CO2 production W c,i , and the real-time production of N2O W n,i : W c,i =C i ×V Ci ×10 -3 ,i=1~n W n,i =N i ×V Ni ×10 -3 ,i=1~n The average production W of the measured greenhouse gas CO2 is obtained according to the following formula c,ave , and the average N2O production W n,ave : Where: n-the number of measuring devices; The total production of greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O in artificial wetlands was further calculated. c,total and W n,total : IN c,total =In c,ave ×S IN n,total =In n,ave ×S Where: S-area of ​​artificial wetland, m 2 ; Step 3: The intelligent controller (3-4) analyzes the above data and transmits it to the result determiner (3-5); the result determiner (3-5) first determines the average production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2: if W c,ave >W c,ave ' or W n,ave >W n,ave ′, indicating that the N2O or CO2 production per unit area is too high, and the influent of the artificial wetland needs to be diluted. The dilution ratio is Anyway, the original influent concentration is maintained; Where: W c,ave ′、W n,ave ′-respectively, the upper limit of the average production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2 in artificial wetlands, in mg, which is determined according to the construction requirements of artificial wetlands; At the same time, the result determiner (3-5) first determines the total production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2: c,total >W c,total ' or W n,total >W n,total ′, indicating that the load of the artificial wetland is too high, and the water inflow of the artificial wetland needs to be reduced. In any case, the original wetland influent concentration is maintained; Where: W c,total ′、W n,total ′-The upper limit of the total production of greenhouse gases N2O and CO2 in artificial wetlands, mg, which is determined according to the construction requirements of artificial wetlands; Step 4: After the monitoring is completed, the control box (3-3) of the monitoring system (3) sends a signal to the GPS locator (1-2) according to the monitoring results, and controls the measuring device to move to the monitoring point at the next moment, and then returns to step 2.

4. The method for operating a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step 1, the monitoring points of the artificial wetland are divided by the grid method. The specific steps are as follows: Set grid lines in the length a and width b directions of the artificial wetland according to the following rules 1 to 3; Rule 1: If a or b is less than 30m, draw a grid line at the midpoint of the length or width; Rule 2: If a or b is within the range of 30-60m, a grid line is drawn at the 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 positions in the length direction; Rule 3: If a or b>60m, a grid line is drawn every 20m starting from the midpoint of the length.

5. The method for operating a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step 2, real-time greenhouse gas CO2 monitoring concentrations C1, C2, ..., C n , and real-time N2O monitoring concentrations N1, N2, ..., N n Calculated by the following formula: Where: F g -Gas flux, mg·m -2 ·h -1 ; t-time after buckling the box, S; T0-temperature under standard conditions, 273K; P0-air pressure under standard conditions, 101325Pa; A-bottom area of ​​gas collecting box, m 2 ; V q -Gas box air chamber volume, m 3 ; T- temperature at sampling, K; P- pressure at sampling, Pa; The calculation method of gas flux is as follows: Where: h-height of the gas collecting box, m; ρ c , n - Density of greenhouse gases CO2 and N2O, g·m -3 ; C- volume fraction of gas in the gas collecting box, ×10 -9 ; t-time after buckling the box, S.

6. The method for operating a wetland greenhouse gas dynamic real-time monitoring and control system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step 3, at time t+1, compared with time t, the moving direction of each monitoring point is determined according to the following rules: Set the position of each monitoring point at time t as: Where: -The distance of the i-th monitoring point from the origin in the long side direction, m; -The distance of the i-th monitoring point from the origin in the short side direction, m; And assign the initial velocity to each monitoring point: Where: -The moving speed of the i-th monitoring point in the long side direction, m / s; -The moving speed of the i-th monitoring point in the short side direction, m / s; And calculate the fitness value of each point at time t: F i,t =a c W c,i,t +a n W n,i,t Where: W c,i,t -The real-time production of greenhouse gas CO2 at point i at time t, mg; W n,i,t -The real-time production of greenhouse gas N2O at point i at time t, mg; a c 、a n -The weights of CO2 and N2O are both in the range of 0-1 and satisfy a c +a n =1; At time t+1, update the position of each monitoring point: Where: Δt-t is the time interval between time t-1 and time t-2, s And update the speed of each monitoring point: In the formula, F a+1,t -In the direction of the long side a, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the monitoring point i and farther from the origin, mg; F a-1,t -In the direction of the long side a, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the origin and adjacent to the monitoring point i, mg; F b+1,t -In the direction of the short side b, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the monitoring point i and farther from the origin, mg; F b-1,t -In the direction of the short side b, the adaptation value obtained by monitoring the monitoring point that is close to the origin and adjacent to the monitoring point i, mg; k3 is the acceleration constant, which is 0-1m / (s*mg); After updating, the data is fed back to the GPS locator (1-2) of each housing component (1).

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