Stepless adjustable optical attenuator based on artificial intelligence

Abstract

The invention discloses a stepless adjustable optical attenuator based on artificial intelligence. The stepless adjustable optical attenuator comprises a packaging sleeve, two uniaxial crystals, a clamping device, a motor and a control system. The two uniaxial crystals are arranged on the inner sides of the two ends of the packaging sleeve in parallel, one uniaxial crystal is a beam splitter for separating an incident light beam into o light and e light, and the other uniaxial crystal is a beam combiner for combining the incident o light and e light; a uniaxial crystal is in running fit with the packaging sleeve through a holder; an arc-shaped light through hole is formed in the clamp holder; the motor is used for driving the clamp holder and the uniaxial crystal on the clamp holder to rotate; the motor is electrically connected with the control system, and the control system is used for inputting and displaying information. According to the invention, the uniaxial crystal is decomposed into o light and e light, the o light and the e light are combined, and the motor is utilized to change the offset of the optical axis of the uniaxial crystal, so that continuous control of light attenuation is realized; and meanwhile, intelligent control is carried out through the control system, so that high-precision super-continuous attenuation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical passive devices, and in particular to an artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous and rapid development of fiber-optic communication technology, fiber-to-the-home has gradually matured, and all-optical networks are also constantly advancing, which is the development trend of the new generation of communication networks. In the entire all-optical network communication, the optical attenuator is one of the important passive components in the communication network and one of the indispensable basic components. At the same time, the optical attenuator has gradually been widely used in optical sensing, signal processing and other optical systems of laser transmission. It mainly plays the role of precise control of dynamic adjustment of power size, dynamic gain flattening and channel power gain balancing in dense wavelength division multiplexing communication systems. Therefore, the variable optical attenuator has broad application prospects in the fields of optical fiber communication, optical sensing and optical systems of laser transmission.

[0003] However, although the current variable optical attenuators have various principles and types, including mechanical, magneto-optical, micro-electromechanical systems and liquid crystal, they still have the disadvantages of complex structure and high production cost. Therefore, it is urgent to provide an artificial intelligence-based stepless adjustable optical attenuator to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, so as to meet the needs of rapid development of related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a steplessly adjustable optical attenuator based on artificial intelligence to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator, comprising:

[0006] Encapsulation sleeve;

[0007] Two uniaxial crystals are arranged in parallel on the inner sides of both ends of the packaging sleeve, one of the uniaxial crystals is a beam splitter for separating the incident light beam into o light and e light, and the other uniaxial crystal is a beam combiner for combining the incident o light and e light; in an initial state, the optical axis angle between the beam splitter and the beam combiner is 90°;

[0008] A holder, the holder is rotatably connected to one end of the packaging sleeve, and the uniaxial crystal is rotatably matched with the packaging sleeve through the holder; a circular arc light-through hole is opened on the holder, and the center of the circle corresponding to the circular arc light-through hole is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the packaging sleeve;

[0009] A motor, the motor is used to drive the holder and the uniaxial crystal on the holder to rotate;

[0010] A control system, the motor is electrically connected to the control system, and the control system is used for inputting and displaying information.

[0011] Preferably, the uniaxial crystal is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the thicknesses of the two uniaxial crystals are the same.

[0012] Preferably, the four light-transmitting surfaces of the two uniaxial crystals are arranged in parallel, and the smoothness of the light-transmitting surfaces is not less than level 12.

[0013] Preferably, the light-transmitting surface is coated with a high-transmittance film.

[0014] Preferably, a circular guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the packaging sleeve, and the clamp is slidably installed in the circular guide groove.

[0015] Preferably, a protrusion is provided on the outer side of the clamp, and the clamp is slidably installed in the circular guide groove through the protrusion.

[0016] Preferably, the arc length of the arc-shaped light-through hole is a quarter of a circle.

[0017] Preferably, a fixing hole is provided in the middle of the clamp, and the clamp is fixed to the output shaft of the motor through the fixing hole.

[0018] Preferably, the motor is a stepper motor.

[0019] Preferably, the control system includes a processing unit, a display screen, a reset button and a keyboard; the motor, the display screen, the reset button and the keyboard are all electrically connected to the processing unit; the keyboard is used for inputting information, the reset button is used for rotating the motor to an initial position, the display screen is used for displaying information, and the processing unit is used for converting the input information into a rotation angle of the motor.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0021] The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator provided by the present invention utilizes a uniaxial crystal to decompose into o light and e light, and then combines them, and utilizes a motor to change the offset of the optical axis of the uniaxial crystal to achieve continuous control of the light attenuation; at the same time, intelligent control is performed through a control system, thereby achieving high-precision supercontinuous attenuation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the steplessly adjustable optical attenuator of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a front view schematic diagram of the clamp of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1. Packaging sleeve; 2. Beam splitter; 3. Beam combiner; 4. Clamp; 5. Stepper motor; 6. Control system; 7. Arc-shaped light hole; 8. Circular guide groove; 9. Fixing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a stepless adjustable optical attenuator based on artificial intelligence, comprising:

[0028] Packaging sleeve 1;

[0029] Two uniaxial crystals are arranged in parallel on the inner sides of both ends of the packaging sleeve 1, one uniaxial crystal is a beam splitter 2 for separating the incident light beam into o light and e light, and the other uniaxial crystal is a beam combiner 3 for combining the incident o light and e light; in the initial state, the optical axis angle between the beam splitter 2 and the beam combiner 3 is 90°;

[0030] A holder 4 is rotatably connected to one end of the packaging sleeve 1, and a uniaxial crystal is rotatably matched with the packaging sleeve 1 through the holder 4; a circular arc light-through hole 7 is provided on the holder 4, and the center of the circular arc light-through hole 7 is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the packaging sleeve 1;

[0031] A motor, the motor is used to drive the holder 4 and the uniaxial crystal on the holder 4 to rotate;

[0032] Control system 6, the motor is electrically connected to the control system 6, and the control system 6 is used for inputting and displaying information.

[0033] The present invention utilizes a uniaxial crystal to decompose a light beam into o-light and e-light, and then utilizes the uniaxial crystal to combine them, and utilizes a motor to change the offset of the optical axis of the uniaxial crystal to achieve continuous control of the light attenuation; at the same time, intelligent control is performed through a control system 6, thereby achieving high-precision supercontinuum attenuation.

[0034] According to a further optimization scheme, the uniaxial crystal has a rectangular structure and the thickness of the two uniaxial crystals is the same.

[0035] To further optimize the solution, the four light-transmitting surfaces of the two uniaxial crystals are arranged in parallel, and the smoothness of the light-transmitting surfaces is not less than level 12.

[0036] To further optimize the solution, the light-transmitting surface is coated with a high-transmittance film.

[0037] According to a further optimized solution, a circular guide groove 8 is provided on the inner wall of the packaging sleeve 1 , and the clamp 4 is slidably installed in the circular guide groove 8 .

[0038] According to a further optimized solution, a protrusion is provided on the outer side of the clamp 4, and the clamp 4 is slidably installed in the circular guide groove 8 via the protrusion.

[0039] According to a further optimized solution, the arc length of the arc-shaped light-through hole 7 is a quarter of a circle.

[0040] According to a further optimized solution, a fixing hole 9 is provided in the middle of the clamp 4 , and the clamp 4 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor through the fixing hole 9 .

[0041] According to a further optimized solution, the motor is a stepper motor 5.

[0042] According to a further optimization scheme, the control system 6 includes a processing unit, a display screen, a reset button and a keyboard; the motor, the display screen, the reset button and the keyboard are all electrically connected to the processing unit; the keyboard is used to input information, the reset button is used to rotate the motor to an initial position, the display screen is used to display information, and the processing unit is used to convert the input information into a rotation angle of the motor.

[0043] The stepless adjustable optical attenuator based on artificial intelligence provided by the present invention has the following working principle:

[0044] The holder 4 can be on the beam splitter 2 or on the beam combiner 3. If it is on the beam combiner 3, the incident light beam enters from the arc-shaped light hole 7 on the holder 4. If it is on the beam combiner 3, Figure 1 As shown, the combiner 3 combines the o light and the e light and outputs them from the arc-shaped light hole 7.

[0045] The incident light beam is vertically incident on the first light-transmitting surface of the beam splitter 2, the o light is vertically emitted and then vertically incident on the second light-transmitting surface and emits vertically from the light-transmitting surface, the e light is downwardly polarized and then is incident on the second light-transmitting surface of the beam splitter 2 at a certain incident angle and emits vertically from the light-transmitting surface; the o light and the e light emitted vertically from the second light-transmitting surface of the beam splitter 2 are transmitted forward and vertically incident on the first light-transmitting surface of the beam combiner 3, and after entering the uniaxial crystal of the beam combiner 3, the o light is converted into the e light and deflected downward and then is incident on the second light-transmitting surface of the beam combiner 3 at a certain incident angle, while the e light is converted into the o light and emits vertically from the first light-transmitting surface of the beam combiner 3 and then vertically incident on the second light-transmitting surface of the beam combiner 3, the o light and the e light are combined together at the incident point of the second light-transmitting surface of the beam combiner 3, and the light after the o light and the e light are combined is emitted vertically from the second light-transmitting surface of the beam combiner 3, and finally is emitted from the arc-shaped light hole 7 of the clamp 4.

[0046] During the process, beam splitter 2 is fixed to keep its optical axis direction unchanged, while beam splitter 2 can rotate to change its optical axis direction. Beam splitter 2 rotates in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of packaging sleeve 1. When the optical axis angle between beam splitter 2 and beam combiner 3 deviates from 90°, the outgoing beam will produce a power decrease relative to the incident beam. The corresponding power loss can be derived from the Jones matrix to obtain the loss formula:

[0047] IL=-10C(λ)log[cos 2 (Δθ)]dB

[0048] Wherein, IL is the attenuation; Δθ is the amount by which the optical axis angle between the beam combiner 3 and the beam splitter 2 deviates from 90°; C(λ) is a constant related to the wavelength and is related to the transmittance of the uniaxial crystal for different wavelengths.

[0049] Therefore, the output optical power relative to the input optical power can be continuously changed by rotating one of the uniaxial crystals to change the angle of the optical axis, thereby achieving the purpose of stepless tunable attenuation.

[0050] The angle of rotation of the uniaxial crystal, whether to reset and other actions are all completed by the control system 6; the control system 6 is composed of a processing unit, a display screen, a reset button and a keyboard, etc., and the wavelength and the attenuation to be generated can be input. The display screen will also display the input information as well as the final attenuation and the corresponding rotation angle value. The processing unit converts the input light wavelength and the attenuation to be generated into the angle that the motor needs to rotate, and then drives the stepper motor 5 to drive the uniaxial crystal to rotate to the corresponding angle. When the optical attenuator stops working, pressing the reset button makes the stepper motor 5 rotate back to the initial position, causing the optical axis angle of the combiner 3 and the beam splitter 2 to be 90°. At this time, the rotation angle value corresponding to the stepper motor 5 on the display screen is displayed as 0°.

[0051] The artificial intelligence-based stepless adjustable optical attenuator provided by the present invention utilizes the characteristics of two uniaxial crystals and the refraction of o-light and e-light by the optical axis of the uniaxial crystals, and designs the two uniaxial crystals to be perpendicular to each other, so that they become the beam splitter 2 and the beam combiner 3 of the o-light and the e-light respectively, and cleverly utilizes that when the angle between the optical axis of the beam combiner 3 and the optical axis of the beam splitter 2 deviates by 90°, the final output optical signal will produce corresponding loss, and the greater the deviation, the greater the loss, that is, the optical signal produces corresponding attenuation, and the greater the deviation of the mutually perpendicular optical axes, the greater the attenuation; the rotation of the uniaxial crystal is precisely driven by the stepper motor 5 controlled by the control system 6, and the processing unit of the control system 6 converts the input light wavelength and the attenuation to be generated into the angle that the stepper motor 5 needs to rotate, and then drives the stepper motor 5 to rotate the uniaxial crystal to the corresponding angle, according to the light The deviation of the axis angle of 90°, when the deviation is 1°, the attenuation is about 0.003dB, so it is easy to achieve very precise attenuation by driving the uniaxial crystal to rotate through the stepper motor 5, and it does not require a motor with very fine stepping amount, and the rotation angle is not restricted by other factors, so a wide range of attenuation can be achieved; in addition, the control system 6 will also display the execution result on the screen, and when the optical attenuator exits the work, pressing the reset button to make the stepper motor 5 rotate back to the initial position will display the corresponding information; the input information to the control system 6 gives the wavelength, so the rotation angle calculated by the control system 6 includes the influence of the wavelength, and the attenuation finally given has taken the wavelength into consideration, so the attenuation is basically not related to the wavelength; in addition, the processing of the light-transmitting surface of the uniaxial crystal can be easily achieved by using the processing method of optical glass. Therefore, the present invention has the characteristics of very high-precision light attenuation, steplessly variable supercontinuous attenuation, large dynamic range, no wavelength-related loss problem, high intelligence, good reliability and stability, and easy implementation.

[0052] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stepless adjustable optical attenuator based on artificial intelligence, characterized in that: include: Packaging sleeve (1); Two uniaxial crystals are arranged in parallel on the inner sides of both ends of the packaging sleeve (1), one of the uniaxial crystals is a beam splitter (2) for separating an incident light beam into o light and e light, and the other uniaxial crystal is a beam combiner (3) for combining the incident o light and e light; in an initial state, the optical axis angle between the beam splitter (2) and the beam combiner (3) is 90°; A clamp (4), the clamp (4) being rotatably connected to one end of the packaging sleeve (1), and the uniaxial crystal being rotatably matched with the packaging sleeve (1) through the clamp (4); a circular arc-shaped light-through hole (7) being provided on the clamp (4), and the center of a circle corresponding to the circular arc-shaped light-through hole (7) being coaxially arranged with the central axis of the packaging sleeve (1); a motor, the motor being used to drive the holder (4) and the uniaxial crystal on the holder (4) to rotate; A control system (6), the motor is electrically connected to the control system (6), and the control system (6) is used for inputting and displaying information.

2. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uniaxial crystal is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the thickness of the two uniaxial crystals is the same.

3. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four light-transmitting surfaces of the two uniaxial crystals are arranged in parallel, and the smoothness of the light-transmitting surfaces is not less than level 12.

4. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light-transmitting surface is plated with a high-transmittance film.

5. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular guide groove (8) is provided on the inner wall of the packaging sleeve (1), and the clamp (4) is slidably mounted in the circular guide groove (8).

6. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A protrusion is provided on the outer side of the clamp (4), and the clamp (4) is slidably mounted in the circular guide groove (8) via the protrusion.

7. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc length of the circular arc light-through hole (7) is a quarter of a circle.

8. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing hole (9) is provided in the middle of the clamp (4), and the clamp (4) is fixed to the output shaft of the motor through the fixing hole (9).

9. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The motor is a stepping motor (5).

10. The artificial intelligence-based steplessly adjustable optical attenuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system (6) comprises a processing unit, a display screen, a reset key and a keyboard; the motor, the display screen, the reset key and the keyboard are all electrically connected to the processing unit; the keyboard is used for inputting information, the reset key is used for rotating the motor to an initial position, the display screen is used for displaying information, and the processing unit is used for converting the input information into a rotation angle of the motor.

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