Display module, display system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a display module which can be applied to a projection display device, such as a head-up display system. According to the display module provided by the invention, dark-state light leakage existing in the display device can be eliminated, and the imaging performance of the display system is improved while the contrast ratio of the display system is improved. The display module comprises a display device and a phase compensation element. A first included angle larger than 0 is formed between the normal of the light-emitting plane of the display device and the normal of the light-emitting plane of the phase compensation element, and a second included angle larger than 0 is formed between the first coordinate axis of the light-emitting plane of the display device and the first coordinate axis of the light-emitting plane of the phase compensation element. A third included angle larger than 0 is formed between the second coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the display device and the second coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element. The display device is used for emitting a plurality of first light beams from a plurality of different angles, so that the phase compensation element can compensate the phase difference of each first light beam in the plurality of first light beams.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical display, and more specifically, to a display module, a display system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement and development of science and technology, display devices, as important tools for information transmission and display, have undergone a series of innovations and developments, from the earliest mechanical and electronic display methods to modern high-resolution, high-brightness flat-panel display technology. These groundbreaking changes have not only changed our lifestyles, but also profoundly affected the way we work and entertain. Among them, contrast is an important indicator for evaluating the picture quality of display devices. The higher the contrast, the greater the brightness difference between black and white images, and the better the visual effect of the human eye. However, display devices usually have dark state light leakage, which greatly limits the improvement of the contrast of the display system. Therefore, how to weaken the residual dark state light leakage of display devices to achieve the purpose of improving contrast is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a display module, a display system and a vehicle. The display module provided by the present application can eliminate the dark state light leakage existing in the display device, thereby improving the contrast of the display system, and further improving the imaging performance of the display system.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display module. The display module includes: a display device and a phase compensation element. The normal line of the light emitting plane of the display device and the normal line of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element have a first angle greater than 0, the first coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the display device and the first coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element have a second angle greater than 0, and the second coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the display device and the second coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element have a third angle greater than 0. The display device is used to emit multiple first light beams from multiple different angles; the phase compensation element is used to compensate for the phase difference of each of the multiple first light beams.

[0005] By using a display device and a phase compensation element placed in a three-dimensional tilted state, the phase difference of light beams emitted at multiple angles can be compensated to varying degrees, thereby reducing the residual dark state light leakage of the display device and achieving the purpose of improving the contrast of the display device.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the display module further includes an anti-reflection element, wherein the anti-reflection element is located between the display device and the phase compensation element, and the anti-reflection element is used to reduce reflected light from a light emitting plane of the display device.

[0007] Based on the above solution, the anti-reflection element can further weaken the reflected light on the surface of the display device when the phase compensation element is coupled with the display device at a just right angle, thereby further reducing the dark field brightness of the display device and improving the contrast.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the anti-reflection element is arranged on a surface of the phase compensation element.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the anti-reflection element is arranged on a surface of a light emitting plane of the display device.

[0010] Based on the above solution, the flexibility of display module design can be improved by arranging anti-reflection elements at different positions.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display system. The display system includes: a light source and a display module as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect. The light source is used to generate incident light and emit the incident light to the display module; the display module generates a first image based on the incident light.

[0012] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the display system also includes a microlens array and a first polarization element, the microlens array is located between the light source and the first polarization element, the first polarization element is located between the microlens array and the display module, the microlens array is used to homogenize the incident light and emit a second light beam after homogenization to the first polarization element; the first polarization element is used to convert the second light beam into a first polarized light and emit the first polarized light to the display module; the display module generates the first image based on the first polarized light.

[0013] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the display system also includes a collimating element, which is located between the light source and the microlens array, and the collimating element is used to collimate the incident light and emit a collimated third light beam to the microlens array; the microlens array is specifically used to homogenize the third light beam and generate the second light beam.

[0014] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the display system further includes a projection module. The display module is configured to emit first image light corresponding to the first image to the projection module; and the projection module is configured to generate a second image based on the first image light.

[0015] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the display system also includes a second polarization element, which is located between the display module and the projection module, and the second polarization element is used to convert the first image light into second polarized light and emit the second polarized light to the projection module, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light; the projection module is used to generate the second image based on the second polarized light.

[0016] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the display system also includes a polarization beam splitter, which is located between the first polarization element and the display module, and the polarization beam splitter element is used to reflect the first polarized light to the display device and transmit the second polarized light to the projection module.

[0017] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes the display system and windshield in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect. The projection module is used to emit a second image light corresponding to the second image to the windshield; and the windshield is used to reflect the second image light to the human eye.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted system, which includes the display system in the second aspect and any possible implementation of the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of dark-state light leakage generated by LCoS.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first display module 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application using an in-plane angle and an out-of-plane angle to represent a three-dimensional placement state of a first display module 200 is provided.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second display module 400 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application using an in-plane angle and an out-of-plane angle to represent a three-dimensional placement state of a second display module 400 is provided.

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the light leakage simulation effect provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 7A schematic diagram of the contrast effect provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third display module 800 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a first display system 900 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a second display system 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a third display system 1100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a fourth display system 1200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Fig.13 A schematic structural diagram of a fifth display system 1300 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Fig.14 A schematic structural diagram of a sixth display system 1400 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a HUD system 1500 provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of an optical path 1600 of a HUD system 1600 provided in an embodiment of the present application applied to a vehicle.

[0035] Fig.17 A circuit diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The technical solution provided by the present application can be applied to the field of display technology, such as direct-view display systems and projection display systems, wherein the direct-view display system is characterized in that the displayed image is presented on a display device, and the user views the image displayed on the display device, and the geometric size of the display device is substantially consistent with the size of the displayed image, for example, the size of the color image displayed by a 32-inch liquid crystal display (LCD) is also 32 inches. The characteristic of a projection display system is that the image presented on the display device is also magnified by an optical system (usually referred to as an optical engine or optical machine), and finally the magnified image is displayed on the projection screen. Therefore, the size of the projection display device itself is inconsistent with the size of the image that can be displayed, for example, a 0.7-inch or 1.3-inch projection display device can display a 50-inch image. Generally speaking, a projection display system is composed of a circuit system, an optical system, an imaging device, a projection lens, and a projection screen. Common projection display systems, such as head up display (HUD) systems, home theater projection systems, augmented reality (AR) head mounted displays, virtual reality (VR) head mounted displays, etc. In addition, the technical solution of the present application can also be applied to microscopic imaging systems, etc.

[0039] In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following explanation is made.

[0040] First, the terms "first", "second", etc. and various numbers in the text description or drawings of the embodiments of the present application shown below are only used for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first light beam, the second light beam, etc. are used to distinguish different light beams.

[0041] Second, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "plurality" refers to two or more than two, "at least one" and "one or more" refer to one, two or more than two. The singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0042] Third, the references to "some embodiments" and the like described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of the present application include specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments. Therefore, the statements "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "in some other embodiments", "in some other embodiments", etc. that appear in different places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways. The terms "include", "comprise", "have" and their variations all mean "including but not limited to", unless otherwise specifically emphasized in other ways.

[0043] Fourth, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "front", "upper", "right", etc. are defined relative to the directions or positions of the components schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction, or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. They may change accordingly according to changes in the directions of the components placed in the drawings, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0044] Fifth, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of the present application shown below are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.

[0045] Sixth, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions, and the embodiments or designs described as "exemplarily" or "for example" should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of words such as "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way for easy understanding.

[0046] Seventh, the same reference numerals are used in the embodiments of the present application to represent the same components or parts. In addition, the various parts in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and the sizes and dimensions of the parts shown in the drawings are only exemplary and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0047] Eighth, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms (such as terms defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this article.

[0048] Ninth, the present application relates to an anti-reflection coating (AR), also known as an anti-reflection coating or an anti-reflection coating. The film is usually composed of alternating materials of high refractive index and low refractive index. Among them, the film layer with a high refractive index will cause the phase delay of the light wave, and the film layer with a low refractive index will cause the phase advance of the light wave. When light is incident from an external medium to the surface of a substrate, a part of the light wave will be reflected on the surface of the substrate, and the other part will be transmitted through the substrate and reflected again, thereby interfering with the reflected light on the surface. Therefore, by controlling the thickness and refractive index of each layer, the interference effect at the surface of the substrate is minimized, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-reflection and anti-transmission. An anti-reflection element for reducing reflected light can be formed by coating AR on a substrate.

[0049] Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) is an optical device that uses liquid crystal materials to control the propagation direction and phase of light. In LCoS devices, the orientation of liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted by an electric field, thereby changing the phase and polarization state of the incident light. However, due to the birefringence of liquid crystal materials, LCoS will produce dark state light leakage when working. Figure 1 As shown, the dark state leakage is mainly because the LCoS device cannot be an ideal device, and the light beam emitted by the light source has a certain oblique incident angle when it enters the LCoS device. If the propagation internal angle of the light beam in the process of spatial propagation is defined as (δ, σ), and the two mutually perpendicular unit vectors of the LCoS device are c1 and c2, the spatial wave vector of the incident light beam can be written as:

[0050]

[0051] At this time, the transmittance T of the incident light within the range of c1=x, c2=y after passing through the liquid crystal molecules can be expressed as follows, that is, the dark state leakage light can be expressed as:

[0052]

[0053] In order to reduce the dark state light leakage phenomenon in LCoS devices, some technical means can be adopted, such as increasing the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, changing the orientation of the liquid crystal material, using materials that suppress birefringence, etc. In addition, the dark state light leakage can also be reduced by optimizing the design and manufacturing process of LCoS.

[0054] However, these methods have limited ability to reduce dark-state light leakage, and the improvement in contrast is not satisfactory. At the same time, they also face difficulties such as high cost, complex process, lack of mass production, and small scope of application.

[0055] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a display module, which places a suitable phase compensation element in front of a display device and adjusts at least one of the display device and the phase compensation element in three-dimensional coordinates, so that the relative position of the display device and the phase compensation element presents a three-dimensional morphological structure, thereby achieving the purpose of compensating for the phase deviation of the light beam and weakening dark state light leakage, thereby achieving the effect of improving the display contrast.

[0056] Figure 2 The first display module 200 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present application. The display module 200 includes a display device 210 and a phase compensation element 220. The display device 210 is used to emit multiple light beams from multiple different angles. The phase compensation element 220 is used to compensate for the phase difference of each of the multiple light beams emitted by the display device 210.

[0057] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 is three-dimensionally inclined relative to the horizontal plane. Among them, the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is the xoy plane, and the normal line of the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is along the z-axis direction, and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 is the x′oy′ plane, and the normal line of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 is along the z′-axis direction. Among them, the x-axis and the x′ axis have an angle α that is not equal to 0, the y-axis and the y′ axis have an angle β that is not equal to 0, and the z-axis and the z′ axis have an angle γ that is not equal to 0.

[0058] Optionally, the display device 210 is an LCoS display chip or an LCD display chip, which is not limited in the present application.

[0059] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the light emitting plane of the display device 210 and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element are defined by the angle of the dark state leakage light emitted by the display device 210. Figure 1As can be seen from the description in FIG. 2 , when the oblique incident light passes through the display device 210, due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules, some light beams cannot be fully modulated, that is, there is a phase difference between the two mutually perpendicular components of these light beams, resulting in dark state leakage light emission from the display device 210. These emitted light beams are emitted from the display device 210 and incident on the surface of the phase compensation element 220 (i.e. Figure 2 1), and then the transmissive phase compensation element 220 is transmitted from another surface (i.e. Figure 2 Therefore, according to the transmission direction of the light beam generated by the leakage light, the light emitting plane of the display device 210 and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 are respectively Figure 2 shown.

[0060] It can be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the light emitting plane of the display device 210 and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 are defined in order to illustrate that the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 are set to a three-dimensional tilted state, and the three-dimensional tilted state is defined by the angle between the coordinate axes of the light emitting plane of the display device 210 and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 and the angle between the normals of the two light emitting planes, that is, different angles can correspond to different three-dimensional tilted states.

[0061] It can also be understood that the three-dimensional tilt state set between the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 can also be described by the angle of the incident light. In this case, the incident light plane of the display device 210 is still Figure 2 The xoy plane shown has a normal direction perpendicular to the xoy plane and pointing upward. The incident light plane of the phase compensation element 220 is surface 1, and the plane coordinate system of surface 1 is still the x′oy′ plane, but the normal direction is opposite to the normal direction of surface 2.

[0062] It should be noted that, whether for an LCoS display chip (also referred to as a display device) or an LCD display chip, when there is dark-state light leakage, since the phase compensation element 220 is not parallel to the display device 210 in the three coordinate axis directions, the phases compensated by the phase compensation element 220 for the light beams generated by the dark-state light leakage emitted from the display device 210 at different angles are also different, thereby achieving phase compensation for the light beams generated by the light leakage at various angles. Exemplarily, when the display device 210 is an LCoS display chip, the LCoS display chip emits multiple light beams from multiple different angles. Due to the different phase modulation effects of the liquid crystal molecules, the phase differences of the o-light and the e-light in the multiple light beams are different. After the multiple light beams pass through the phase compensation element 220, since the three-dimensional coordinates at different positions of the phase compensation element 220 are different, after the multiple light beams are incident on different positions of the phase compensation element 220, the phase compensation effects of the phase compensation element 220 are also different, thereby achieving different phase compensation effects for light beams at different angles.

[0063] Understandably, Figure 2 The description is made by taking the case where the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is parallel to the horizontal plane as an example, in which case the phase compensation element 220 is arranged above the display device 210. In other embodiments, the phase compensation element 220 may also be arranged in other directions of the display device 210, such as on the right side of the display device 210, in which case the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is parallel to the xoz plane, and the leakage light beam emitted by the display device 210 is transmitted to the right to the phase compensation element 220. Similarly, other arrangement scenarios are not described in detail here.

[0064] It can also be understood that, since the angles (angle α, angle β, and angle γ in the above description) between the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 are not 0, it can be understood that the phase compensation element 220 rotates on the three coordinate axes relative to the display device 210, so that the phase compensation element 220 and the display device 210 are placed in a three-dimensional space. Figure 2 In the figure, the three-dimensional space between the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 is described by a three-dimensional coordinate system, but the present application is not limited thereto. In some other descriptions, the plane angle The in-plane angle θ and the out-of-plane angle θ illustrate the three-dimensional spatial placement of the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220. is the rotation angle of any coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 relative to the corresponding coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the display device 210. Figure 3 middle, internal angle The phase compensation element 220 rotates along the y′ axis After that, it coincides with the y-axis of the display device 210. The out-of-plane angle θ is the rotation angle of the light-emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 relative to a certain projection plane. Figure 3 In FIG. 1 , the out-of-plane angle θ is the angle between the phase compensation element 220 and the xoz plane of the display device 210 after the phase compensation element 220 is rotated along the x′oz′ plane by θ and coincides with the xoz plane of the display device 210 .

[0065] Based on the above scheme, the display module provided by the present application can compensate for the dark-state light leakage of the display device by adjusting the different three-dimensional states of the phase compensation element. It can be understood that when the phase compensation element is coupled with the display device at a just right angle, the dark field brightness of the display device can be weakened to the greatest extent.

[0066] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the second display module 400 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. The display module 400 includes a display device 210 and a phase compensation element 220. Figure 2 The display module 200 shown in FIG. Figure 4 In the embodiment, the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is tilted relative to the horizontal plane. At this time, taking the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220, that is, the xoy plane, as a reference, the normal of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 is along the z-axis direction, and the display device 210 rotates on the three coordinate axes. That is, the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is the x′oy′ plane, the x-axis and the x′ axis have an angle α that is not equal to 0, the y-axis and the y′ axis have an angle β that is not equal to 0, and at the same time, the z-axis and the z′ axis have an angle γ that is not equal to 0.

[0067] Similarly, the phase compensation element 220 and the display device 210 may also have other arrangement scenarios. For example, when the phase compensation element 220 is located on the left side of the display device 210, the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 is parallel to the xoz plane, and the leakage light beam emitted by the display device 210 is transmitted to the left to the phase compensation element 220.

[0068] In addition, the internal angle Explanation of the external angle θ Figure 4 The three-dimensional spatial placement of the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. Figure 5 , the display device 210 rotates along the y′ axis by an in-plane angle After the display device 210 rotates along the x′oz′ plane by θ, it coincides with the xoz plane of the three-dimensionally placed phase compensation element 220. The definition of the external angle θ can be referred to Figure 2The relevant instructions in will not be repeated here.

[0069] It should be noted that in the above Figures 2 to 4 In the display modules shown, the light emitting plane and the horizontal plane of a device are used as examples for explanation. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In FIG, the light emitting plane of the display device 210 is a horizontal plane. Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 is a horizontal plane. It is understandable that, for a more general usage scenario, the three-dimensional spatial placement state of the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 can also be that the light emitting plane of the display device 210 and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 are not parallel to the horizontal plane, and the light emitting plane of the display device 210 and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 are rotated at different angles relative to each coordinate axis (x-axis, y-axis and z-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system). Exemplarily, when the light emitting plane of the display device 210 and the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 are not parallel to the horizontal plane, if the angles of rotation of the light emitting plane of the display device 210 relative to the x, y, and z coordinate axes are α1, β1, and γ1, respectively, and the angles of rotation of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element 220 relative to the x, y, and z coordinate axes are α2, β2, and γ2, respectively, then α1 is not equal to α2, β1 is not equal to β2, and γ1 is not equal to γ2.

[0070] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the light leakage simulation effect provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 In the simulation, a phase compensation film with a horizontal phase delay Re of 21nm and a vertical phase delay Rth of 200nm is used in combination with a twisted nematic (TN) LCOS. When the LCoS display module does not include a phase compensation film, the angular distribution of light irradiating the LCoS has obvious dark state leakage, such as Figure 6 As shown in (a) in FIG. 1 ; when the phase compensation plate and LCoS are placed in a three-dimensional state (LCoS is placed horizontally, the compensation plate is placed tilted; or the compensation plate is placed horizontally, and the LCoS is placed tilted), compared with Figure 6 In (a), the overall dark state light leakage is further reduced, such as Figure 6 As shown in (b) in .

[0071] and Figure 6 In (a) and (b), Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the contrast effect provided by the embodiment of the present application. When the LCoS display module does not include a phase compensation plate, it can be seen that the entire screen is dark and bright. Figure 7As shown in (a) in the figure; when the phase compensation plate and LCoS are placed in a three-dimensional state (LCoS is placed horizontally and the compensation plate is placed tilted; or the compensation plate is placed horizontally and the LCoS is placed tilted), the contrast is significantly improved and the dark field of the picture becomes significantly darker, as shown in Figure 7 Therefore, it can be seen that the display module provided by the present application can reduce the dark state light leakage of the display device, thereby achieving the effect of improving the display contrast.

[0072] It should be noted that the above Figure 6 The data in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The simulation effect is only to illustrate that the solution of the present application can significantly reduce the light leakage phenomenon of the display device and improve the display contrast, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0073] Since the multiple light beams emitted from the light emitting plane of the display device 210 will also have interference effect due to multiple reflections and refractions, in order to further reduce the reflected light from the light emitting plane of the display device 210, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third display module 800 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 In the embodiment, the display module further includes an anti-reflection element 830, which is located between the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 and is used to reduce the reflected light from the light emitting plane of the display device 210. The functions and related descriptions of the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 can be referred to. Figure 2 or Figure 4 , I will not go into details here.

[0074] Optionally, the anti-reflection element 810 is an anti-reflection coating (AR) element.

[0075] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the position and number of the anti-reflection element 810. For example, Figure 8 In the embodiment, the anti-reflection element 810 is arranged on the light emitting surface of the display device 210. In other embodiments, the anti-reflection element 810 may also be arranged on the surface 1 of the phase compensation element 220. In other embodiments, the anti-reflection element 810 may also be arranged on the surface 1 of the phase compensation element 220 and the light emitting surface of the display device 210 at the same time.

[0076] It should also be noted that in Figure 8 In the embodiment, the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 are parallel to each other, but the present application is not limited thereto. When one or two anti-reflection elements are provided in the display module, the three-dimensional spatial arrangement between the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 can be adopted as follows: Figure 2The display device 210 is horizontally placed, and the phase compensation element 220 is three-dimensionally tilted; or, the display device 210 can be placed horizontally, and the phase compensation element 220 can be three-dimensionally tilted; Figure 4 The phase compensation element 220 is shown as being placed horizontally, and the display device 210 is placed in a three-dimensional tilted position; alternatively, the display device 210 and the phase compensation element 220 are placed in different three-dimensional tilted positions, which is not limited in the present application.

[0077] Above, combined Figures 2 to 8 The display module provided by the embodiment of the present application is described. Next, in combination with the above Figures 2 to 8 The display module shown in the figure illustrates some possible structures of the display system provided by the present application.

[0078] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a first display system 900 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 As shown, the display system 900 includes a light source 910 and a display module 920. The light source 910 is used to generate incident light and emit the incident light to the display module 920. The display module 920 generates a first image based on the incident light and emits the first image light. It can be understood that the display module 920 can be the above Figure 2 The display module 200 shown, or Figure 4 The display module 400 shown, or Figure 6 The display module 600 shown, or other display modules within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, other descriptions of the display module 920 can refer to the above-mentioned related parts, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] It should be noted that, depending on the display device included in the display module 920, the light source 910 may be an array light source composed of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), or a laser light source, or a cathode fluorescent tube, etc. Exemplarily, when the display device included in the display module 920 is an LCoS, the light source 910 may be a red, green, and blue light-emitting diode light source, or the light source 910 may be a red, green, and blue laser light source, which together with the LCoS constitutes an LCoS display system. Alternatively, when the display device included in the display module 920 is an LCD, the light source 910 may be a linear light source of a red, green, and blue cold cathode fluorescent tube, and together with the LCD constitutes an LCD display system.

[0080] In order to further improve the display effect, Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a second display system 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.10As shown, the display system 1000 includes a light source 910, a microlens array 1010, a first polarizing element 1020, and a display module 920. The light source 910 is used to generate incident light and emit the incident light to the microlens array 1010. The microlens array 1010 is used to homogenize the incident light and emit a first light beam after homogenization to the first polarizing element 1020. The first polarizing element 1020 is used to convert the first light beam into a first polarized light and emit the first polarized light to the display module 920. The display module 920 generates a first image based on the first polarized light and emits a first image light.

[0081] Compared to Fig. 9 In the display system 900 shown, the microlens array 1010 in the display system 1000 can shape the incident light beam so that the light spot of the first light beam is uniform. Optionally, the microlens array 1020 is a fly-eye lens. When the microlens array 1020 is a fly-eye lens, it can be a double-row fly-eye lens or a single-row fly-eye lens, which is not limited in this application.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, the first polarizing element 1020 can be selected according to the type of the display device in the display module 920. For example, if the display device included in the display module 920 is an LCoS display device, and the LCoS display device is a P-type phase modulation type, the first polarizing element 1020 is a P-ray polarizer. If the display device included in the display module 920 is an LCoS display device, and the LCoS display device is an S-type phase modulation type, the first polarizing element 1020 is an S-ray polarizer.

[0083] It is understood that for other descriptions of the light source 910 and the display module 920, reference can be made to Fig. 9 The relevant parts of are not repeated here.

[0084] In order to further improve the light homogenization performance of the microlens array 1010, in some embodiments, a collimating element, such as a collimating lens, may be arranged in front of the microlens array 1010, so that the light homogenization performance of the microlens array 1010 is better. Fig.11 As shown, the collimating element 1110 is used to collimate the incident light from the light source 910 and emit the collimated second light beam to the microlens array 1010, so that the microlens array 1010 homogenizes the second light beam to generate a first light beam.

[0085] It is understandable that the description of other components in the display system 1100 can refer to the relevant parts above and will not be repeated here.

[0086] It should be noted that when the display module provided in the embodiment of the present application is used in a projection display system, Fig.12This is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth display system 1200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.12 In the embodiment, the display module 920 emits a first image light to the projection module 1210, and the projection module 1210 is used to generate a second image according to the first image light.

[0087] Optionally, the projection module 1210 is a projection lens composed of one or more lenses, which can magnify the first image and generate an enlarged second image.

[0088] It is understandable that the description of other components in the display system 1200 can refer to the relevant parts above and will not be repeated here.

[0089] Fig.13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth display system 1300 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.12 ,exist Fig.13 In the figure, since the first image light emitted by the display device 920 is polarized light, the polarization direction of the first image light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light. Therefore, by setting a polarization beam splitter element 1310, such as a polarization beam splitter, between the first polarization element 1020 and the display module 920, the effect of reflecting the first polarized light and transmitting the first image light can be achieved, thereby achieving the effect of folding the optical path.

[0090] It is understandable that the description of other components in the display system 1300 can refer to the relevant parts above and will not be repeated here.

[0091] Optionally, in order to further remove stray light in the first image light, a second polarization element may be arranged before the first image light enters the polarization beam splitting element 1310, such as Fig.14 The polarization direction of the second polarization element 1410 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarization element 1020, and is used to convert the first image light into completely polarized light.

[0092] It is understandable that the description of other components in the display system 1400 can refer to the relevant parts above and will not be repeated here.

[0093] It should be noted that the above Figures 9 to 14 This is only an example of the display system provided in this application. It should be understood that any display system including the display module provided in the embodiments of this application should be within the protection scope of this application.

[0094] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a HUD system 1500 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.15As shown, the HUD system 1500 includes a picture generation unit (PGU) 1501, a diffuser screen 1502, a first reflective element 1503, and a second reflective element 1504. Among them, the PGU 1501 is used to project image light to the diffuser screen 1502. The diffuser screen 1502 is used to transmit the image light from the PGU 1501 to the first reflective element 1503, and generate a relay image based on the image light from the PGU 1501. The first reflective element 1503 is used to reflect the image light emitted by the diffuser screen 1502 to the second reflective element 1504. The second reflective element 1504 is used to reflect the image light reflected by the first reflective element 1503 to the human eye. Among them, the PGU 1501 can be the above Figures 9 to 14 Any of the display systems shown in , or based on the above Figures 9 to 14 A new display system extended from any one of the display systems.

[0095] Optionally, the HUD system 1500 may further include a dust cover 1505. The dust cover 1505 has the functions of isolating the external high temperature, preventing the internal temperature of the HUD system 1500 from being too high, or preventing external dust from entering the device.

[0096] It should be noted that in Fig.15 In the display device 1500 shown, the first reflective element 1503 may be a concave mirror, a convex mirror, or a plane mirror with a free-form surface, which is not limited in the present application.

[0097] It is understandable that the number of reflective elements included in the display device 1500 is not limited to Fig.15 As shown, it can be adjusted accordingly according to needs.

[0098] When the HUD system 1500 is applied to a vehicle, Fig.16 A schematic diagram of an optical path 1600 of a HUD system 1600 provided in an embodiment of the present application applied to a vehicle. Specifically, PGU 1501 generates image light and projects the image light onto a diffuser screen 1502. The diffuser screen 1502 transmits the image light from PGU 1501 onto a first reflective element 1503. Subsequently, the first reflective element 1503 reflects the diffuse image light onto a second reflective element 1504. After being reflected by 1504, the image light transmits through a light shield 1505 and is reflected via a windshield 1601 to the human eye for imaging. Among them, the image generated by the image light may be an augmented reality display image, which is used to display information such as indication information and navigation information of external objects. Alternatively, the image generated by the image light may be a status display image, which is used to display status information of a vehicle. Taking a car as an example, the status information of a vehicle includes, but is not limited to, information such as driving speed, mileage, fuel level, water temperature, and light status.

[0099] It is understandable that the means of transportation to which the present application scheme can be applied include but are not limited to cars, airplanes, trains or ships.

[0100] In addition, the embodiment of the present application further provides a means of transportation, which is any of the above-mentioned display devices. The means of transportation includes but is not limited to a car, an airplane, a train, or a ship.

[0101] Fig.17 This is a circuit diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.17 As shown, the circuit in the display device mainly includes a host CPU 1201, an external memory interface 1202, an internal memory 1203, an audio module 1204, a video module 1205, a power module 1206, a wireless communication module 1207, an I / O interface 1208, a video interface 1209, a display circuit 1210 and a modulator 1212. Among them, the host processor 1201 and its peripheral components, such as the external memory interface 1202, the internal memory 1203, the audio module 1204, the video module 1205, the power module 1206, the wireless communication module 1207, the I / O interface 1208, the video interface 1209, and the display circuit 1210 can be connected through a bus. The host processor 1201 can be called a front-end processor.

[0102] In addition, the circuit diagrams shown in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the display device. In other embodiments of the present application, the display device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange the components differently. The components shown in the figure may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0103] The main processor 1201 includes one or more processing units, for example, the main processor 1201 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural network processor (NPU), etc. Different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.

[0104] The main processor 1201 may also be provided with a memory for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the main processor 1201 is a cache memory. The memory may store instructions or data that the main processor 1201 has just used or cyclically used. If the main processor 1201 needs to use the instruction or data again, it may be directly called from the memory. This avoids repeated access, reduces the waiting time of the main processor 1201, and thus improves the efficiency of the system.

[0105] In some embodiments, the display device may further include a plurality of input / output (I / O) interfaces 1208 connected to the main processor 1201. The interface 1208 may include an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an inter-integrated circuit sound (I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver / transmitter (UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or a universal serial bus (USB) interface, etc. The above-mentioned I / O interface 1208 may be connected to devices such as a mouse, a touchpad, a keyboard, a camera, a speaker / speaker, a microphone, etc., and may also be connected to physical buttons on the display device (such as a volume button, a brightness adjustment button, a power button, etc.).

[0106] The external memory interface 1202 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the display device. The external memory card communicates with the main processor 1201 through the external memory interface 1202 to implement a data storage function.

[0107] The internal memory 1203 can be used to store computer executable program codes, which include instructions. The internal memory 1203 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function (such as a call function, a time setting function, etc.), etc. The data storage area may store data created during the use of the display device (such as a phone book, world time, etc.), etc. In addition, the internal memory 1203 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (Universal Flash Storage, UFS), etc. The main processor 1201 executes various functional applications and data processing of the display device by running instructions stored in the internal memory 1203 and / or instructions stored in a memory provided in the main processor 1201.

[0108] The display device can implement audio functions such as music playing and calls through the audio module 1204 and the application processor.

[0109] The audio module 1204 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signals. The audio module 1204 can also be used to encode and decode audio signals, such as playing or recording. In some embodiments, the audio module 1204 can be arranged in the main processor 1201, or some functional modules of the audio module 1204 can be arranged in the main processor 1201.

[0110] The video interface 1209 can receive external audio and video signals, which can be specifically a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a digital video interface (DVI), a video graphics array (VGA), a display port (DP), etc. The video interface 1209 can also output video to the outside. When the display device is used as a head-up display, the video interface 1209 can receive speed signals and power signals input from peripheral devices, and can also receive external AR video signals. When the display device is used as a projector, the video interface 1209 can receive video signals input from an external computer or terminal device.

[0111] The video module 1205 can decode the video input by the video interface 1209, for example, by performing H.264 decoding. The video module can also encode the video collected by the display device, for example, by performing H.264 encoding on the video collected by the external camera. In addition, the main processor 1201 can also decode the video input by the video interface 1209, and then output the decoded image signal to the display circuit 1210.

[0112] The display circuit 1210 and the modulator 1212 are used to display the corresponding image. In this embodiment, the video interface 1209 receives an external video source signal, and the video module 1205 decodes and / or digitally processes and outputs one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210. The display circuit 1210 drives the modulator 1212 to image the incident polarized light according to the input image signal, and then outputs the image light. In addition, the main processor 1201 can also output one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210.

[0113] In this embodiment, the display circuit 1210 and the modulator 1212 are electronic components in the above-mentioned PGU 1301, and the display circuit 1210 can be called a driving circuit.

[0114] The power module 1206 is used to provide power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200 according to the input power (e.g., direct current), and the power module 1206 may include a rechargeable battery, which can provide power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200. The light emitted by the light source 1200 can be transmitted to the modulator 1212 for imaging, thereby forming an image light signal.

[0115] The wireless communication module 1207 enables the display device to communicate wirelessly with the outside world, and can provide wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication technology (NFC), infrared technology (IR) and other wireless communication solutions. The wireless communication module 1207 can be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 1207 receives electromagnetic waves via an antenna, modulates the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal and performs filtering processing, and sends the processed signal to the main processor 1201. The wireless communication module 1207 can also receive the signal to be sent from the main processor 1201, modulate the frequency of the signal, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna.

[0116] In addition, in addition to being input through the video interface 1209, the video data decoded by the video module 1205 can also be wirelessly received through the wireless communication module 1207 or read from an external memory. For example, the display device can receive video data from a terminal device or an in-vehicle entertainment system through the wireless LAN in the vehicle, and the display device can also read audio and video data stored in an external memory.

[0117] The above display device can be installed on a vehicle, see Fig.18 , Fig.18 A schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0118] like Fig.18 As shown, the functional framework of the vehicle may include various subsystems, such as the sensor system 12, the control system 14, one or more peripheral devices 16 (one is shown as an example), the power supply 18, the computer system 20 and the head-up display system 22. Optionally, the vehicle may also include other functional systems, such as an engine system that provides power for the vehicle, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0119] The sensor system 12 may include a number of detection devices, which can sense the measured information and convert the sensed information into electrical signals or other required forms of information output according to a certain rule. As shown in the figure, these detection devices may include a global positioning system (GPS), a vehicle speed sensor, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a radar unit, a laser rangefinder, a camera device, a wheel speed sensor, a steering sensor, a gear position sensor, or other components for automatic detection, etc., and the present application does not limit them.

[0120] The control system 14 may include several components, such as the steering unit, brake unit, lighting system, automatic driving system, map navigation system, network timing system and obstacle avoidance system shown in the figure. Optionally, the control system 14 may also include components such as a throttle controller and an engine controller for controlling the vehicle's speed, which are not limited in this application.

[0121] The peripheral device 16 may include several components, such as the communication system, touch screen, user interface, microphone, and speaker shown in the figure. The communication system is used to realize network communication between the vehicle and other devices other than the vehicle. In practical applications, the communication system may use wireless communication technology or wired communication technology to realize network communication between the vehicle and other devices. The wired communication technology may refer to communication between the vehicle and other devices through network cables or optical fibers.

[0122] The power source 18 represents a system that provides power or energy for the vehicle, which may include but is not limited to a rechargeable lithium battery or a lead-acid battery, etc. In practical applications, one or more battery components in the power source are used to provide power or energy for starting the vehicle, and the type and material of the power source are not limited in this application.

[0123] Several functions of the vehicle are controlled and implemented by the computer system 20. The computer system 20 may include one or more processors 2001 (one processor is shown as an example in the figure) and a memory 2002 (also referred to as a storage device). In actual applications, the memory 2002 is also inside the computer system 20, or it may be outside the computer system 20, for example, as a cache in the vehicle, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0124] in,

[0125] The processor 2001 may include one or more general-purpose processors, such as a graphics processing unit (GPU). The processor 2001 may be used to run related programs or instructions corresponding to the programs stored in the memory 2002 to implement corresponding functions of the vehicle.

[0126] The memory 2002 may include a volatile memory, such as a RAM; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory, such as a ROM, a flash memory, a HDD or a solid-state drive SSD; the memory 2002 may also include a combination of the above-mentioned types of memories. The memory 2002 may be used to store a set of program codes or instructions corresponding to the program codes, so that the processor 2001 calls the program codes or instructions stored in the memory 2002 to implement the corresponding functions of the vehicle. In the present application, a set of program codes for vehicle control may be stored in the memory 2002, and the processor 2001 calls the program codes to control the safe driving of the vehicle. How to achieve safe driving of the vehicle is described in detail below in the present application.

[0127] Optionally, in addition to storing program codes or instructions, the memory 2002 may also store information such as road maps, driving routes, sensor data, etc. The computer system 20 may be combined with other elements in the vehicle functional framework diagram, such as sensors in the sensor system, GPS, etc., to implement relevant functions of the vehicle. For example, the computer system 20 may control the driving direction or driving speed of the vehicle based on the data input from the sensor system 12, which is not limited in this application.

[0128] The head-up display system 22 may include several components, such as the windshield shown in the figure, a controller and a head-up display. The controller 222 is used to generate images according to user instructions (for example, images containing vehicle status such as vehicle speed, battery / fuel level, and images of augmented reality AR content), and send the image to the head-up display for display; the head-up display may include an image generation unit and a reflector combination, and the windshield is used to cooperate with the head-up display to realize the optical path of the head-up display system so that the target image is presented in front of the driver. Among them, the functions of some components in the head-up display system can also be implemented by other subsystems of the vehicle. For example, the controller can also be a component in the control system.

[0129] Among them, this application Fig.18 The four subsystems shown are sensor system 12, control system 14, computer system 20 and head-up display system 22, which are only examples and do not constitute limitations. In actual applications, vehicles can combine several components in the vehicle according to different functions to obtain subsystems with corresponding different functions. In actual applications, vehicles can include more or fewer systems or components, which is not limited in this application.

[0130] The above-mentioned means of transportation can be a car, truck, motorcycle, bus, ship, airplane, helicopter, lawn mower, recreational vehicle, amusement park vehicle, construction equipment, tram, golf cart, train, and cart, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited.

[0131] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the common meanings understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs.

[0132] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: include: A display device and a phase compensation element, wherein a normal line of a light emitting plane of the display device and a normal line of a light emitting plane of the phase compensation element have a first angle greater than 0, a first coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the display device and the first coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element have a second angle greater than 0, and a second coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the display device and the second coordinate axis of the light emitting plane of the phase compensation element have a third angle greater than 0, The display device is used to emit a plurality of first light beams from a plurality of different angles; The phase compensation element is used to compensate for the phase difference of each first light beam in the multiple first light beams.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module further includes an anti-reflection element, wherein the anti-reflection element is located between the display device and the phase compensation element. The anti-reflection element is used to reduce the reflected light from the light emitting plane of the display device.

3. The display module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-reflection element is arranged on the surface of the phase compensation element.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-reflection element is arranged on a surface of a light emitting plane of the display device.

5. A display system, characterized in that: include: A light source and a display module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, The light source is used to generate incident light and emit the incident light toward the display module; The display module generates a first image based on the incident light.

6. The display system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The display system further comprises a microlens array and a first polarization element, wherein the microlens array is located between the light source and the first polarization element, and the first polarization element is located between the microlens array and the display module. The microlens array is used to homogenize the incident light and emit a second light beam after homogenization to the first polarization element; The first polarization element is used to convert the second light beam into a first polarized light and emit the first polarized light to the display module; The display module generates the first image based on the first polarized light.

7. The display system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The display system further comprises a collimating element, wherein the collimating element is located between the light source and the microlens array. The collimating element is used to collimate the incident light and emit the collimated third light beam to the microlens array; The microlens array is specifically used to homogenize the third light beam and generate the second light beam.

8. The display system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The display system also includes a projection module. The display module is used to emit the first image light corresponding to the first image to the projection module; The projection module is used to generate a second image according to the first image light.

9. The display system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The display system further includes a second polarizing element, wherein the second polarizing element is located between the display module and the projection module. The second polarization element is used to convert the first image light into second polarized light, and emit the second polarized light to the projection module, wherein the polarization direction of the first polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarized light; The projection module is used to generate the second image according to the second polarized light.

10. The display system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The display system further comprises a polarization beam splitter, wherein the polarization beam splitter is located between the first polarization element and the display module. The polarization beam splitting element is used to reflect the first polarized light to the display device and transmit the second polarized light to the projection module.

11. A means of transport, characterized in that: The display system and windshield according to any one of claims 5 to 10, The projection module is used to emit second image light corresponding to the second image to the windshield; The windshield is used to reflect the light from the second image to human eyes.

12. A vehicle-mounted system, characterized in that: A display system comprising any one of claims 5 to 10.

Images