Optimal allocation method of flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoirs considering multi-region flood control task

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of considering multi-region flood control task's cascade reservoir flood control storage optimization distribution method, comprising the following steps: collecting cascade reservoir flood control scheduling basic information, including the total flood control storage of cascade reservoir satisfying flood control demand;Under the condition that the total flood control storage of cascade reservoir is unchanged, respectively, flood control storage is dispersed to each reservoir in cascade reservoir, and multiple distribution schemes of cascade reservoir flood control storage are obtained;Consider the multi-region flood control task of each reservoir in cascade reservoir for screening, and calculate the flood control storage effective coefficient and the multi-year average annual power generation of cascade reservoir of each distribution scheme after screening;Output the optimal distribution scheme of cascade reservoir flood control storage.The application considers the multi-region flood control safety of cascade reservoir, balances the effectiveness of flood control and maximization of benefit, provides the optimal distribution scheme for the joint flood control scheduling of cascade reservoir dispatching operation management department to guide cascade reservoir, with the advantages of convenient and easy to use, comprehensive and scientific, reasonable and reliable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reservoir group flood control scheduling, and particularly refers to a method for optimizing allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs considering multi-regional flood control tasks. BACKGROUND

[0002] The total flood control storage of cascade reservoirs is large and the control ability is strong, and the joint flood control scheduling of reservoir groups is an important non-engineering measure to support the safety of the basin. However, if each large reservoir included in the joint scheduling only reserves more flood control storage to maintain the safety of the reservoir itself when responding to floods, without overall considering the optimal allocation of flood control storage between cascade reservoirs, it is difficult to fully utilize the overall flood control benefit of cascade reservoirs. Therefore, under the current joint scheduling conditions, there is a high demand for effective utilization of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs and for achieving reasonable allocation of flood control storage. That is, under the premise of coordinating the flood control safety of different protected objects and not reducing the overall flood control effect of the basin, the total flood control storage of cascade reservoirs in the flood season should be reasonably allocated, the compensation mechanism of the reservoirs should be fully utilized to store flood water, and the flood control storage should be scientifically managed and allocated. This is a key problem that needs to be solved in the joint flood control scheduling of cascade reservoirs.

[0003] However, existing methods for allocating flood control storage of cascade reservoirs, such as the method for allocating flood control storage of reservoir groups based on maximum residual flood control storage disclosed in Chinese patent application No. CN201710627853.1 and the method for allocating flood control storage of reservoir groups based on maximum system nonlinear safety disclosed in Chinese patent application No. CN201710627855.0, mainly aim to different flood scenes, construct a flood control objective function, and solve the dynamic use process of flood control storage of reservoir groups based on optimization methods. However, these methods do not consider the direct protection objects downstream of each reservoir and the common protection objects of cascade reservoirs, do not provide optimization suggestions for the existing allocation scheme of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs, and do not provide guidance for actual scheduling and operation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to form a set of feasible flood control storage allocation schemes for cascade reservoirs based on the flood control requirements of the reservoirs themselves, the reservoir areas and the downstream areas, and to compare the schemes by comprehensively weighing the effectiveness of flood control and the maximization of benefits, so as to propose a flood control storage optimization allocation scheme for cascade reservoirs that considers multi-regional flood control tasks and has the optimal flood control and benefit, and to provide technical support for the operation and management departments of cascade reservoirs when using flood control storage. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present application is to provide a cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimization allocation method considering multi-region flood control tasks, solve the problem that the existing cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation method cannot balance the flood control requirements of each flood control object, and the reasonable trade-off between flood control effectiveness and maximum benefit, in order to clarify the multi-region flood control safety of the cascade reservoir dam itself, the reservoir area and the downstream, and comprehensively balance the flood control effectiveness and the maximum benefit, so as to provide an optimal allocation scheme for the cascade reservoir dispatching and operation management department to guide the joint flood control dispatching of the cascade reservoir.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimization allocation method considering multi-region flood control tasks, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) Collecting cascade reservoir flood control dispatching basic data; the cascade reservoir flood control dispatching basic data includes total cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity meeting flood control requirements; the cascade reservoir includes N reservoirs;

[0009] 2) Under the condition that the total cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity is unchanged, the flood control storage capacity of each reservoir in the cascade reservoir is discretized according to the enumeration method to obtain multiple allocation schemes of the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity;

[0010] 3) Considering the multi-region flood control tasks of each reservoir in the cascade reservoir, the allocation schemes are screened, and the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of each allocation scheme after screening is calculated;

[0011] 4) Based on the cascade reservoir flood control dispatching basic data, the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoir in each allocation scheme after step 3) is calculated;

[0012] 5) Combining the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoir, further screening and outputting the optimal allocation scheme of the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity.

[0013] Preferably, in step 1), the cascade reservoir flood control dispatching basic data includes characteristic parameters of each reservoir, water level-storage capacity curves of each reservoir, downstream water level-flow relationship curves of each reservoir, expected power output curves of each reservoir unit, different design flood data, long series runoff data, direct protection objects downstream of each reservoir, common protection objects downstream of the cascade reservoir, cascade reservoir joint dispatching scheme or dispatching rules.

[0014] Further, the characteristic parameters include total cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity meeting the cascade reservoir flood control requirements, and reservoir area flood control operation control water level of the reservoir with reservoir area flood control operation control water level.

[0015] As a preferred scheme, step 2) includes:

[0016] Selecting N-1 reservoirs from the cascade reservoirs, and using the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs as the flood control storage capacity of each individual reservoir for discretizing the flood control storage capacity value using the maximum value available, thereby obtaining a plurality of flood control storage capacity values ​​that can be selected for each of the N-1 reservoirs;

[0017] Combining the N-1 reservoirs: taking any one flood control storage capacity value of each reservoir for combination, the flood control storage capacity value of the Nth reservoir in the combination is obtained by subtracting the sum of the flood control storage capacity values ​​of the N-1 reservoirs in the combination from the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs;

[0018] The flood control storage capacity values ​​that can be selected for each of N-1 reservoirs are arbitrarily combined, and the flood control storage capacity value of the Nth reservoir is calculated, that is, the allocation plan of the flood control storage capacity of multiple cascade reservoirs is obtained.

[0019] Furthermore, the step 2) specifically includes:

[0020] 2.1) Discretize the flood control storage capacity of each of the N-1 reservoirs: Set the discrete step length of the flood control storage capacity of each of the N-1 reservoirs to Δ i , 1≤i≤N-1, then the discrete number of flood control storage capacity of reservoir i is M i =V ftotal / Δ i The optional flood control storage capacity of reservoir i is 1≤i≤N-1,0≤m≤M i Where V ftotal It is the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs;

[0021] 2.2) Combining the N-1 reservoirs: Select one flood control storage capacity value from the selectable flood control storage capacity values ​​of each reservoir as the flood control storage capacity value of the reservoir, and combine them to obtain N-1 reservoir flood control storage capacity values. 0≤m1≤M1,0≤m2≤M2,...,0≤m N-1 ≤M N-1 , m i is the flood control storage capacity value selected for reservoir i; the first reservoir has M1+1 cases, the second reservoir has M2+1 cases, the third reservoir has M3+1 cases, and so on to the N-1 reservoir with M N-1 +1 case; the flood control storage capacity of reservoir N in each combination is

[0022] 2.3) Obtaining allocation plans for flood control storage capacity of multiple cascade reservoirs: Based on the allocation plan of step 2.2), a set of allocation plans for flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoirs is formed. Considering the flood control storage capacity of different reservoirs, there are S = (M1+1)×(M2+1)×…×(MN-1 +1) a combination case, i.e. a distribution scheme of flood control storage capacity of S cascade reservoirs.

[0023] Preferably, in step 3), the multi-region flood control task includes the dam itself flood control safety, the reservoir area backwater flood control safety, the downstream direct protection object flood control safety, and the cascade reservoir common protection object flood control safety.

[0024] Further, the screening of the distribution scheme in step 3) includes considering the dam itself flood control safety: the distribution scheme in which there is a value less than 0 in the flood control storage capacity value or the calculated value is removed.

[0025] Further, the screening of the distribution scheme in step 3) includes considering the reservoir area backwater flood control safety: the reservoir area backwater flood control safety is identified in turn, and it is determined whether there is a reservoir area flood control operation control water level, if there is, the new flood control limit water level of the reservoir in each distribution scheme is calculated from the flood control storage capacity value of the reservoir in each distribution scheme, and the distribution scheme in which the new flood control limit water level of the reservoir in each distribution scheme is greater than the reservoir area flood control operation control water level is removed.

[0026] Further, the screening of the distribution scheme in step 3) includes considering the downstream direct protection object flood control safety: the downstream direct protection object flood control safety is identified in turn, and it is determined whether there is a downstream direct protection object, if there is, the distribution scheme in which the flood control storage capacity value of the reservoir in each distribution scheme is less than the outer package value of the flood control storage capacity required by the downstream direct protection object flood control safety of the reservoir is removed.

[0027] Further, the screening of the distribution scheme in step 3) includes considering the cascade reservoir common protection object flood control safety: since the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs in each distribution scheme is unchanged and meets the flood control demand, each distribution scheme meets the cascade reservoir common protection object flood control safety requirement.

[0028] As a preferred scheme, in step 3), the calculation method of the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of each distribution scheme after screening is as follows:

[0029] The number of downstream common protection objects of the cascade reservoirs is set to K, K is 1 or other positive integers, the downstream common protection objects are calculated in turn according to the cascade reservoir dispatching rules or dispatching scheme, to analyze and calculate the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of each distribution scheme after screening, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, K is the number of downstream common protection objects of the cascade reservoirs, and is 1 or other positive integers. the effective coefficient of flood control storage for the kth common protection object in the st allocation scheme, the effective coefficient of flood control storage for the kth common protection object in the st allocation scheme, the effective coefficient of flood control storage for the kth common protection object in the st allocation scheme,

[0032] the effective coefficient of flood control storage for the kth common protection object in the st allocation scheme,

[0033]

[0034] ff s is the effective coefficient of flood control storage of the st allocation scheme; the effective coefficient of flood control storage ff s of each allocation scheme is calculated by the method.

[0035] As a preferred scheme, in step 4), the calculation method of the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs in each allocation scheme after screening includes: for the feasible cascade reservoir flood control storage allocation scheme, establishing a cascade reservoir power generation scheduling model according to the cascade reservoir power generation scheduling diagram, and calculating the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs; specifically including:

[0036] Let C be the total number of years, c be the annual serial number and c = 1, 2, …, C; T be the total number of power generation scheduling calculation periods in a year of the reservoir; j be the period serial number, and j = 1, 2, …, T; Δt be the period length;

[0037] 4.1) Let the annual serial number c = 1;

[0038] 4.2) Let the calculation period j = 1;

[0039] 4.3) Based on the long series of runoff data and the cascade reservoir joint scheduling rules or scheduling scheme, the inflow I i,j of each period of the reservoir i is obtained i,j , according to the inflow I i,j of the reservoir i and the initial water level Z i,j of the period, the output P i,j of the period is read from the scheduling diagram, and the final water level Z i,j+1 of the period is calculated, if the output P i,j of the period and the final water level Z i,j+1 do not match in the scheduling diagram, adjust the output P i,j of the period according to the scheduling diagram, recalculate Z i,j+1 , until P i,j and Z i,j+1 completely match in the scheduling diagram, and calculate the period power generation E i,j = Pi,j • Δt;

[0040] 4.4) Let j = j + 1, if j≤T, go to step 4.3), repeat the above calculation; otherwise go to step 4.5);

[0041] 4.5) Calculate the power generation of all periods to obtain the annual power generation of the reservoir i in the cth year

[0042] 4.6) Let c = c + 1, if c≤C, go to step 4.2), repeat the above calculation to calculate the annual power generation of each year; otherwise go to step 4.7);

[0043] 4.7) Calculate the power generation of all years to obtain the average annual power generation of the reservoir i Perform the calculation operations of steps 4.1) to 4.7) on each reservoir in turn to obtain the average annual power generation of each reservoir, and finally accumulate and sum to obtain the average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs.

[0044] Calculate the average annual power generation of each cascade reservoir after screening according to the flood control storage allocation scheme after screening.

[0045] Further, the total number of power generation scheduling calculation periods of the reservoir in a year T is 36, and the period length Δt is ten days.

[0046] As a preferred scheme, step 5) comprises:

[0047] 5.1) Sort the flood control storage effective coefficients of each allocation scheme obtained in step 3) to obtain the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 of the flood control storage effective coefficient.

[0048] 5.2) If the difference between the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 is not less than a set value, the allocation scheme corresponding to the flood control storage effective coefficient ff max1 is the optimal allocation scheme.

[0049] 5.3) If the difference between the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 is less than a set value, compare the average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs corresponding to the allocation schemes of the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 of the flood control storage effective coefficient, and take the allocation scheme corresponding to the larger one as the optimal allocation scheme.

[0050] Further, the set value in step 5.2) is 0.008-0.012, which is set according to the actual flood control situation.

[0051] Further, the set value is 0.01.

[0052] The application further provides a cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimal allocation system considering multi-region flood control tasks, which is used for realizing the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimal allocation method considering multi-region flood control tasks.

[0053] The data storage module is used for storing cascade reservoir flood control scheduling basic data.

[0054] The flood control storage capacity allocation scheme acquisition module is used for discretely allocating the flood control storage capacity of each reservoir in the cascade reservoir according to the enumeration method under the condition that the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoir is unchanged, so as to obtain multiple allocation schemes of the flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoir.

[0055] The screening module is used for screening the flood control storage capacity allocation scheme by considering the multi-region flood control tasks of each reservoir in the cascade reservoir.

[0056] The calculation module is used for calculating the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of the allocation scheme screened by the screening module and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoir.

[0057] The output module is used for further screening and outputting the optimal allocation scheme of the flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoir by combining the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoir.

[0058] The application further provides an electronic device, which comprises a processor and a memory.

[0059] The application further provides a storage medium, which stores a computer program.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

[0061] The application has the advantages of being convenient and easy to use, comprehensive and scientific, reasonable and reliable, fully considers the multi-region flood control safety of the cascade reservoir, improves the flood control response capability of the cascade reservoir facing the multi-region flood control tasks, and further considers the power generation benefit of the cascade reservoir under the premise of ensuring the flood control safety, thereby improving the joint scheduling benefit of the cascade reservoir.

[0062] (1) The present invention comprehensively studies and assesses the multi-regional flood control tasks of cascade reservoirs, including the flood control safety of the dam itself, the reservoir areas of each reservoir, the directly protected objects downstream of each reservoir, and the common protection objects of the cascade reservoirs, and selects a feasible flood control storage capacity allocation plan for cascade reservoirs, effectively improving the flood control response capability of cascade reservoirs facing multi-regional flood control tasks.

[0063] (2) The present invention comprehensively considers the flood control effectiveness and benefit maximization of the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation plan, and formulates an optimized flood control storage capacity allocation plan for cascade reservoirs with the best flood control and benefit benefits, providing effective technical support for the scheduling, operation and management of cascade reservoirs under complex conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 This is a flowchart for implementing a method for optimizing allocation of flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoirs taking into account multi-regional flood control tasks in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In order to better explain the present invention, the main contents of the present invention are further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for optimizing allocation of flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoirs considering multi-region flood control tasks, comprising the following steps:

[0067] 1) Collect basic data on flood control and operation of cascade reservoirs. This mainly includes collecting characteristic parameters of each reservoir, water level and storage capacity curves of each reservoir, water level and flow relationship curves downstream of each reservoir, expected output curves of each reservoir unit, data on different design floods, long-term runoff data, direct protection targets downstream of each reservoir, common protection targets downstream of cascade reservoirs, and joint operation plans or operation procedures for cascade reservoirs.

[0068] Reservoir characteristic parameters include the total flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoirs that meets the flood control needs of cascade reservoirs, and the reservoir area flood control operation control water level of reservoirs with reservoir area flood control operation control water level.

[0069] Set the number of reservoirs to N; i is the reservoir number, i = 1, 2, ..., N; is the flood control capacity of reservoir i; and The flood control limit water level and flood control high water level of reservoir i; is the flood control storage capacity of reservoir i, Here f() is the interpolation function of the water level and storage capacity curve of reservoir i, and the storage capacity is obtained by interpolation of the water level; the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoir is V ftotal ,have

[0070] 2) Set the flood control storage allocation scheme of cascade reservoirs. Mainly includes combining the flood control storage of each reservoir, under the premise of total flood control storage unchanged, discrete according to the enumeration method, get the flood control storage allocation scheme of cascade reservoirs.

[0071] 2.1) Discrete the flood control storage value of N-1 reservoirs in cascade reservoirs with the total flood control storage of cascade reservoirs as the maximum value of single reservoir flood control storage, get multiple flood control storage values that N-1 reservoirs can select, specific as follows:

[0072] Set the discrete step length Δ of the flood control storage of the first N-1 reservoirs i ,1≤i≤N-1,then the discrete number of reservoir i flood control storage is M i =V ftotal / Δ i ,The available flood control storage value of reservoir i is 1≤i≤N-1,0≤m≤M i ,There are M i +1,select any one of the flood control storage values as the flood control storage value m i of reservoir i.

[0073] 2.2) Combination of the above N-1 reservoirs: each reservoir takes one flood control storage value for combination, the flood control storage value of the Nth reservoir in the combination is obtained by subtracting the total flood control storage value of N-1 reservoirs in the combination from the total flood control storage value of cascade reservoirs, specific as follows:

[0074] When the flood control storage values of the first N-1 reservoirs are allocated ,0≤m1≤M1,0≤m2≤M2,...,0≤m N-1 ≤M N-1 ,that is, considering M1+1 cases of the first reservoir, M2+1 cases of the second reservoir, M3+1 cases of the third reservoir, and so on to M N-1 +1 cases of the N-1th reservoir. For reservoir N, its flood control storage value is obtained by deducting the flood control storage values of the first N-1 reservoirs from the total flood control storage value of cascade reservoirs, then the flood control storage value of reservoir N is

[0075] 2.3) According to the above allocation scheme, form the set of all cascade reservoir flood control storage allocation schemes That is, considering the flood control storage value of different reservoirs, there are S=(M1+1)×(M2+1)×…×(M N-1 +1) combination cases.

[0076] 3) multi-region flood control safety recognition of cascade reservoirs, mainly including, for S allocation schemes, considering in turn the self flood control safety of each reservoir dam, the backwater flood control safety of each reservoir area, the flood control safety of each downstream direct protection object, and the flood control safety of common protection objects of cascade reservoirs for screening, and calculating the effective coefficient of flood control storage of each allocation scheme after screening, and screening out feasible flood control storage allocation schemes of cascade reservoirs.

[0077] Taking the s-th screened flood control storage allocation scheme as an example for illustration, at this time, the flood control storage allocation scheme of cascade reservoirs is denoted as and satisfies

[0078] 3.1) considering the self flood control safety of each reservoir dam.

[0079] In the flood control storage allocation scheme V s , the flood control storage value of each reservoir should be no less than 0, and if not meeting the scheme should be eliminated.

[0080] 3.2) considering the backwater flood control safety of each reservoir area.

[0081] In the flood control storage allocation scheme V s , the backwater flood control safety of each reservoir area is identified in turn, taking reservoir i as an example for illustration. If there is a reservoir area flood control operation control water level of reservoir i, the backwater safety of the reservoir area should be considered; otherwise, skip and go to step 3.3).

[0082] When considering the backwater flood control safety of reservoir i, the new flood control limit water level is calculated from the flood control storage value of reservoir i The calculation formula is:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, is the water level-storage capacity curve interpolation inverse function of reservoir i, which is obtained by interpolation of the storage capacity. At this time, if , it does not meet the requirements of reservoir area flood control, and V s should be eliminated.

[0085] 3.3) considering the flood control safety of each downstream direct protection object.

[0086] In the flood control storage allocation scheme V s , the flood control safety of each downstream direct protection object is identified in turn, taking reservoir i as an example for illustration. If there is a downstream direct protection object of reservoir i, the flood control safety of the downstream direct protection object of reservoir i should be considered; otherwise, skip and go to step 3.4).

[0087] When considering the flood control safety of the directly protected objects downstream of reservoir i, according to the reservoir operation regulations or operation plan, take the outsourcing value of the flood control storage capacity required for the flood control safety of all directly protected objects (one or several) downstream if It does not meet the flood control requirements of the downstream direct protection objects and should be eliminated. s .

[0088] 3.4) Consider flood control safety of common protection objects of cascade reservoirs.

[0089] In the flood control storage capacity allocation scheme V s In the process, the flood control safety of the common protection objects downstream of the cascade reservoirs is identified. s The total flood control storage capacity reserved for cascade reservoirs is V ftotal , are all feasible flood control storage capacity allocation plans, so at this time the main comparison is between the flood control storage capacity effectiveness coefficients of the cascade reservoirs and other reservoirs included in the joint dispatching.

[0090] 3.5) Screen out feasible cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation plans and calculate the flood control storage capacity effectiveness coefficient of each feasible plan after screening.

[0091] Combined with steps 3.1) to 3.4), a feasible set of cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation schemes is screened out. Total * S combinations, * S≤S.

[0092] Set the number of downstream common protection objects to K, which is 1 or other positive integers. According to the cascade reservoir operation regulations or operation plan, perform joint operation calculations on the downstream common protection objects in turn to analyze and calculate the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation plan V s The effective coefficient of flood control storage capacity ff s , the calculation formula is:

[0093]

[0094] Where, is the effective coefficient of flood control storage capacity for the kth common protection object in the sth allocation scheme, The flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs for the kth common protection object in the sth allocation plan is used. The flood control storage capacity reduced by other reservoirs included in the joint scheduling for the kth common protection object in the sth allocation plan.

[0095] Take the average value of the flood control storage capacity effectiveness coefficients of all common protection objects to obtain the flood control storage capacity allocation plan V for the cascade reservoirs s The effective coefficient of flood control storage capacity ff s:

[0096]

[0097] For this purpose, obtain each feasible flood control storage allocation scheme V s of the cascade reservoirs s , where 1≤s≤ * S.

[0098] 4) Conduct a benefit calculation and analysis of power generation of the cascade reservoirs, mainly including, for each feasible flood control storage allocation scheme of the cascade reservoirs, establishing a power generation scheduling model of the cascade reservoirs according to a power generation scheduling diagram of the cascade reservoirs, and calculating the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs. The multi-year is at least two years.

[0099] For each feasible flood control storage allocation scheme of the cascade reservoirs, the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs is calculated. Taking reservoir i as an example for illustration, C is the total number of years, c is the annual number and c=1, 2, …, C; T is the total number of power generation scheduling calculation periods in a year, generally calculated by ten and taken as 36; j is the period number and j=1, 2, …, T; Δt is the period length, generally ten.

[0100] 4.1) Let the annual number c=1.

[0101] 4.2) Let the calculation period j=1.

[0102] 4.3) Based on long series runoff data and joint scheduling rules of the cascade reservoirs, obtain the inflow I i,j of reservoir i in each period and the initial water level Z i,j of the period, according to the inflow I i,j of reservoir i and the initial water level Z i,j of the period, read the period output P i,j from the scheduling diagram, and calculate the period final water level Z i,j+1 , if the period output P i,j and the period final water level Z i,j+1 do not match in the scheduling diagram, adjust the period output P i,j according to the scheduling diagram, recalculate Z i,j+1 , until P i,j and Z i,j+1 are completely matched in the scheduling diagram, and calculate the period power generation E i,j =P i,j ·Δt.

[0103] 4.4) Let j=j+1, if j≤T, go to step 4.3) and repeat the above calculation operation; otherwise go to step 4.5).

[0104] 4.5) Statistically obtain the power generation of all periods to obtain the annual power generation of reservoir i in the cth year

[0105] 4.6) Let c = c + 1. If c ≤ C, go to step 4.2) and repeat the above calculation operation to calculate the annual power generation for each year; otherwise, go to step 4.7).

[0106] 4.7) Count the power generation of all years and get the average annual power generation of reservoir i over many years

[0107] Perform the calculation operations of steps 4.1) to 4.7) for each reservoir in turn to obtain the annual average power generation of each reservoir, and finally accumulate and sum them up to obtain the annual average power generation of the cascade reservoirs.

[0108] Therefore, a feasible set of cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation schemes is proposed. Total * S kinds of combinations, each feasible cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation plan V is obtained s Average annual power generation 1≤s≤ * S.

[0109] 5) Output the optimal allocation plan for the flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoirs, which mainly includes comparing each feasible flood control storage capacity allocation plan of cascade reservoirs based on the effective coefficient of the flood control storage capacity of cascade reservoirs and the average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs, and selecting the optimal flood control storage capacity allocation plan of cascade reservoirs.

[0110] 5.1) Flood control storage capacity allocation scheme for each feasible cascade reservoir V s , based on the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient ff s (1≤s≤ * S) to sort and obtain the maximum value of the effective coefficient ff max1 and the second largest value ff max2 , and obtain their corresponding allocation schemes V max1 and allocation scheme V max2 .

[0111] 5.2) If ff max1 -ff max2 ≥ε, where ε is a preset value ranging from 0.008 to 0.012, which is determined according to the actual situation. Generally, it is 0.01. max1 is the optimal allocation solution, go directly to step 5.4); otherwise, if ff max1 -ff max2 <ε, indicating that the two are relatively close in terms of flood control effect. In this case, the power generation benefits of the two allocation schemes are further compared, and the process goes to step 5.3).

[0112] 5.3) Comparison of Allocation Schemes Vmax1 corresponding annual average power generation of the cascade reservoirs and distribution scheme V max2 corresponding annual average power generation of the cascade reservoirs The maximum value of the two is determined as the optimal distribution scheme, and step 5.4) is converted.

[0113] 5.4) Output the preferred cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimization distribution scheme, and the calculation is completed.

[0114] The application also provides a cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimization distribution system considering multi-region flood control tasks, which is used to realize the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimization distribution method considering multi-region flood control tasks.

[0115] A data storage module is configured to store cascade reservoir flood control scheduling basic data.

[0116] A flood control storage capacity distribution scheme acquisition module is configured to discretize the flood control storage capacity of each reservoir in the cascade reservoirs according to the enumeration method under the condition that the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs is unchanged, to obtain multiple distribution schemes of the flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs.

[0117] A screening module is configured to consider the multi-region flood control tasks of each reservoir in the cascade reservoirs, and to screen the flood control storage capacity distribution schemes.

[0118] A calculation module is configured to calculate the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of the distribution schemes screened by the screening module and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs.

[0119] An output module is configured to further screen and output the optimal distribution scheme of the flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs in combination with the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs.

[0120] The application also provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is configured to store a computer program capable of running on the processor; and the processor is configured to execute the steps of the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimization distribution method considering multi-region flood control tasks when running the computer program.

[0121] The application also provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity optimization distribution method considering multi-region flood control tasks.

[0122] Embodiments

[0123] Next, the technical scheme of the application is further described by taking a cascade reservoir composed of two large reservoirs in a certain river as an example.

[0124] The A and B two control reservoirs are built in the middle and lower reaches of the basin, and the flood control capacity of the reservoirs A and B is 5 billion m 3 , combined with the overall arrangement of the comprehensive planning and flood control planning of the basin. The A reservoir area has flood control demand, and the corresponding reservoir flood control operation control water level is 397 m, but the reservoir A has no direct protection object downstream; the B reservoir area has no flood control demand, and the downstream has a direct protection object, i.e. the CY county, which needs the flood control capacity of the reservoir B to be 1.08 billion m 3 ; at the same time, the reservoir A and B reserve a total of 10 billion m 3 of flood control capacity, which cooperates with other reservoirs to bear the flood control task of the downstream protection object JJ area. In view of this flood control situation, in order to maximize the joint flood control guarantee capacity of the cascade reservoirs, it is necessary to optimize the distribution of the flood control capacity of the cascade reservoirs.

[0125] Based on a cascade reservoir flood control capacity optimization distribution method considering multi-regional flood control tasks, the following steps are included:

[0126] 1) Collect the basic data of joint flood control scheduling of reservoir groups.

[0127] Collect the characteristic parameters, water level-storage capacity curve, downstream water level-flow relationship curve, unit expected output curve, 6 typical year design flood data, 56 years of runoff data from 1959 to 2014, cascade reservoir joint scheduling regulations, etc. of the two reservoirs A and B. The original flood control capacity of the reservoirs A and B is 5 billion m 3 , and the total flood control capacity of the cascade reservoirs meeting the flood control demand is 10 billion m 3 .

[0128] 2) Set the cascade reservoir flood control capacity distribution scheme.

[0129] Under the premise that the total flood control capacity of the cascade reservoirs is 10 billion m 3 , the reservoir A is discretized according to the enumeration method, and the discrete step is taken as 1 billion m 3 , so that the reservoir A flood control capacity distribution scheme has 0 billion m 3 , 1 billion m 3 , 2 billion m 3 , 3 billion m 3 , 4 billion m 3 , 5 billion m 3 , 6 billion m 3 , 7 billion m 3 , 8 billion m 3 , 9 billion m 3 , 10 billion m 3 , and the corresponding B flood control capacity distribution scheme is 10 billion m 3 , 9 billion m 3 , 8 billion m 3 , 7 billion m 3 , 6 billion m3 , 500 million m 3 , 400 million m 3 , 300 million m 3 , 200 million m 3 , 100 million m 3 , 0 million m 3 , the following are respectively A0-B10, A1-B9, A2-B8, A3-B7, A4-B6, A5-B5, A6-B4, A7-B3, A8-B2, A9-B1, A10-B0 scheme, a total of 11 cascade reservoir flood storage allocation scheme.

[0130] 3) multi-region flood control safety identification of cascade reservoirs is carried out.

[0131] The flood control safety of each reservoir dam itself, the flood control safety of each reservoir area backwater, the flood control safety of each downstream direct protection object, and the flood control safety of the common protection object of cascade reservoirs are considered in turn. The feasible flood control storage allocation schemes are A3-B7, A4-B6, A5-B5, A6-B4, A7-B3, a total of 5 schemes.

[0132] At the same time, according to the cascade reservoir dispatching rules, the downstream common protection object is calculated in turn, and the effective coefficients of the flood control storage of the 5 feasible flood control storage allocation schemes are analyzed and calculated, which are 0.76, 0.76, 0.75, 0.75, and 0.74 respectively.

[0133] 4) the calculation and analysis of the power generation benefit of cascade reservoirs is carried out.

[0134] According to the 56-year runoff data from 1959 to 2014 and the joint dispatching rules of cascade reservoirs, the 56-year average annual power generation of A3-B7, A4-B6, A5-B5, A6-B4, A7-B3 schemes is calculated as 79.49 billion kW·h, 79.47 billion kW·h, 79.43 billion kW·h, 79.37 billion kW·h, and 79.24 billion kW·h respectively.

[0135] 5) output the optimal allocation scheme of cascade reservoir flood control storage

[0136] With the setting of epsilon as 0.01, from the flood control reservoir capacity effective coefficient in step 3), the A3-B7 scheme is 0.76, and the A4-B6 scheme is 0.76, both of which are better than the A5-B5, A6-B4 and A7-B3 schemes, but the difference between the A3-B7 and A4-B6 schemes is less than 0.01, so it is necessary to further compare the power generation benefits; combined with the power generation benefit calculation and analysis in step 4), the multi-year average power generation of the A3-B7 scheme is 79.49 billion kW·h, which is greater than the 79.47 billion kW·h of the A4-B6 scheme, indicating that the A3-B7 scheme is the optimal scheme of the comprehensive benefits of the flood control and power generation of the cascade reservoir, that is, the flood control reservoir capacities of the A and B reservoirs are 3 billion m 3 and 7 billion m 3 respectively, which is output as the final cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity optimization allocation scheme considering the multi-region flood control task.

[0137] At the same time, the calculation and analysis show that the method comprehensively considers the comprehensive benefits of the flood control and power generation of the cascade reservoir:

[0138] (1) The flood control reservoir capacity effective coefficients of the A3-B7 scheme and the original reserved flood control reservoir capacity A5-B5 scheme are 0.76 and 0.75 respectively, and the A3-B7 scheme has higher flood control effectiveness, indicating that the flood control response capability of the cascade reservoir facing the multi-region flood control task is improved;

[0139] (2) The multi-year average power generation of the A3-B7 scheme and the original reserved flood control reservoir capacity A5-B5 scheme is 79.49 billion kW·h and 79.43 billion kW·h respectively, and the proposed A3-B7 scheme can increase the multi-year average power generation by 0.06 billion kW·h, improving the benefits of the cascade reservoir.

[0140] (3) Through the analysis of the flood control effectiveness and the power generation benefit, the proposed method comprehensively balances the flood control effectiveness and the maximization of the benefits, and gives the optimal cascade reservoir flood control reservoir capacity optimization allocation scheme considering the multi-region flood control task, which can provide technical support for the scheduling, operation and management of the cascade reservoir under complex conditions.

[0141] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Other unmentioned parts belong to the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs considering multi-region flood control tasks, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) collecting basic data for flood control scheduling of the cascade reservoirs; The basic data for flood control scheduling of the cascade reservoirs comprises total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs meeting the demand for flood control; the cascade reservoirs comprise N reservoirs; 2) under the condition that the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs is unchanged, respectively dispersing the flood control storage capacity of each reservoir in the cascade reservoirs according to the enumeration method to obtain multiple allocation schemes of the flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs; comprising: selecting N-1 reservoirs in the cascade reservoirs, dispersing the flood control storage capacity value of each of the N-1 reservoirs respectively with the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs as the maximum available value of the flood control storage capacity of the single reservoir to obtain multiple flood control storage capacity values available for each of the N-1 reservoirs; combining the N-1 reservoirs: each reservoir takes one of the flood control storage capacity values to combine, and the flood control storage capacity value of the Nth reservoir in the combination is obtained by subtracting the total flood control storage capacity of the N-1 reservoirs in the combination from the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs; arbitrarily combining the flood control storage capacity values available for each of the N-1 reservoirs and calculating the flood control storage capacity value of the Nth reservoir, i.e. obtaining the allocation scheme of the flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs; 3) considering the multi-region flood control tasks of each reservoir in the cascade reservoirs, screening the allocation scheme, and calculating the effective coefficient of the flood control storage capacity of each allocation scheme after screening; 4) based on the basic data for flood control scheduling of the cascade reservoirs, calculating the average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs in multiple years in each allocation scheme after screening in step 3); 5) combining the effective coefficient of the flood control storage capacity and the average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs in multiple years, further screening and outputting the optimal allocation scheme of the flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs.

2. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the basic data for flood control scheduling of the cascade reservoirs comprises characteristic parameters of each reservoir, water level-storage capacity curves of each reservoir, downstream water level-flow relationship curves of each reservoir, expected power output curves of each reservoir unit, different design flood data, long series runoff data, direct protection objects downstream of each reservoir, common protection objects downstream of the cascade reservoirs, joint scheduling scheme or scheduling rules of the cascade reservoirs.

3. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 2, characterized in that: The characteristic parameters comprise total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoirs meeting the demand for flood control, and reservoir area flood control operation control water level of the reservoirs with the reservoir area flood control operation control water level.

4. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2) specifically comprises: 2.1) Discretization of the flood control storage value of each reservoir in the N-1 reservoirs: set the discrete step Δ of the flood control storage of each of the N-1 reservoirs i , 1≤i≤N-1, then the discrete number of the flood control storage of reservoir i is M i = V ftotal / Δ i , and the selectable flood control storage value of reservoir i is 0≤m≤M i ; in the formula, V ftotal is the total flood control storage of the cascade reservoirs; 2.2) Combining the N-1 reservoirs: from the optional flood control storage capacity values of each reservoir, an optional flood control storage capacity value is selected as the flood control storage capacity value of the reservoir, i.e. obtaining N-1 reservoir flood control storage capacity values m i The optional flood control storage capacity value of reservoir i; the first reservoir has M1+1 cases, the second reservoir has M2+1 cases, the third reservoir has M3+1 cases, and so on to the N-1th reservoir has M N-1 +1 cases; the flood control storage capacity value of reservoir N in each combination is 2.3) Obtain the allocation scheme of flood control storage of multiple cascade reservoirs: According to the allocation scheme of step 2.2), the allocation scheme set of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs is formed Considering the value taking of flood control storage values of different reservoirs, there are S=(M1+1)×(M2+1)×…×(M N-1 +1) combinations, that is, there are S allocation schemes of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs.

5. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the multi-region flood control tasks comprise dam self-flood control safety of each reservoir, reservoir area backwater flood control safety of each reservoir, direct protection object downstream of each reservoir, and common protection object downstream of the cascade reservoirs.

6. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening of the allocation scheme in step 3) comprises screening considering the dam self-flood control safety of each reservoir: removing the scheme in which the flood control storage capacity allocation scheme has a value less than 0 in each flood control storage capacity value or calculated value.

7. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening of the allocation scheme in step 3) includes screening in consideration of the backwater flood control safety of each reservoir area: the backwater flood control safety of each reservoir area is identified in turn, and it is determined whether there is a reservoir existing the reservoir area flood control operation control water level, if there is, the new flood control limit water level of the reservoir in each allocation scheme is calculated from the flood control storage capacity value of the reservoir in each allocation scheme, and the allocation scheme in which the new flood control limit water level of the reservoir in each allocation scheme is greater than the reservoir area flood control operation control water level is removed.

8. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening of the allocation scheme in step 3) includes screening in consideration of the flood control safety of each downstream direct protection object: the flood control safety of each downstream direct protection object is identified in turn, and it is determined whether there is a reservoir existing the downstream direct protection object, if there is, the allocation scheme in which the flood control storage capacity value of the reservoir in each allocation scheme is less than the outer package value of the flood control storage capacity required by the flood control safety of all downstream direct protection objects of the reservoir is removed.

9. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening of the allocation scheme in step 3) includes screening in consideration of the flood control safety of the common protection object of the cascade reservoir: since the total flood control storage capacity of the cascade reservoir in each allocation scheme is unchanged and meets the flood control demand, each allocation scheme meets the flood control safety requirement of the common protection object of the cascade reservoir.

10. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the calculation method of the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of each allocation scheme after screening is as follows: The number of downstream common protection objects of the cascade reservoir is set as K, K is 1 or other positive integer, the downstream common protection objects are calculated in turn according to the cascade reservoir dispatching rules or dispatching scheme, to analyze and calculate the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of each allocation scheme after screening, and the calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, is the effective coefficient of flood control storage for the kth common protection object in the st allocation scheme, is the flood control storage of the cascade reservoir for the kth common protection object in the st allocation scheme, is the reduced flood control storage of other reservoirs included in joint dispatch for the kth common protection object in the st allocation scheme; The average value of the flood control storage capacity effective coefficients of all common protection objects is taken to obtain the flood control storage capacity effective coefficient of each allocation scheme: In the formula, ff s is the effective coefficient of flood control storage of the s th allocation scheme; the effective coefficient of flood control storage ff s of each allocation scheme is calculated by this method.

11. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the calculation method of the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoir in each allocation scheme after screening includes: for the feasible cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation scheme, a cascade reservoir power generation dispatching model is established according to the cascade reservoir power generation dispatching diagram, and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoir is calculated; specifically including: C is the total number of years, c is the annual sequence number and c=1, 2, …, C; T is the total number of calculation time periods of the reservoir in a year; j is the time period sequence number, and j=1, 2, …, T; Δt is the time period length; 4.1) Let the annual sequence number c=1; 4.2) Let the calculation time period j=1; 4.3) Based on long series of runoff data and joint regulation rules or regulation scheme of cascade reservoirs, the inflow I of reservoir i in each period is obtained i,j and the initial water level Z of the period i,j , according to the inflow I of reservoir i i,j and the initial water level Z of the period i,j , the output P of the period is read from the regulation chart i,j , and the final water level Z of the period is calculated i,j+1 , if the output P of the period i,j and the final water level Z of the period i,j+1 do not match in the regulation chart, the output P of the period is adjusted according to the regulation chart i,j , Z is recalculated i,j+1 , until P i,j and Z i,j+1 completely match in the regulation chart, and the power generation E of the period is calculated i,j = P i,j · Δt; 4.4) Let j=j+1, if j≤T, go to step 4.3) and repeat the above calculation operation; otherwise go to step 4.5); 4.5) Sum up the power generation of all periods to get the annual power generation of reservoir i in year c 4.6) Let c=c+1, if c≤C, go to step 4.2) and repeat the above calculation operation to calculate the annual power generation of each year; otherwise go to step 4.7); 4.7) Count all the annual power generation, get the average annual power generation of reservoir i The calculation operations of steps 4.1) to 4.7) are sequentially performed on each reservoir to obtain the average annual power generation of each reservoir, and finally the cumulative sum is obtained to count the average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs. The multi-year average annual power generation of each cascade reservoir flood control storage capacity allocation scheme after screening is obtained by calculation.

12. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 11, characterized in that: The total number of calculation time periods of the reservoir in a year T is 36, and the time period length Δt is ten.

13. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 5) includes: 5.1) rank the effective coefficients of flood control storage of each allocation scheme obtained in step 3) to obtain the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 of the effective coefficients of flood control storage; 5.2) If the difference between the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 is not less than a set value, the effective coefficient ff max1 of the flood control storage capacity corresponds to the optimal allocation scheme. 5.3) If the difference between the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 is less than a set value, the maximum value ff max1 and the second maximum value ff max2 of the effective coefficient of flood control storage are compared, and the allocation scheme corresponding to the larger annual power generation of the cascade reservoir is taken as the optimal allocation scheme.

14. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 13, characterized in that: The set value in step 5.2) is 0.008-0.

012.

15. The method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs according to claim 14, characterized in that: The set value is 0.

01.

16. A system for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs considering multi-region flood control tasks, which is used to implement the method for optimal allocation of flood control storage of cascade reservoirs considering multi-region flood control tasks according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that: It includes: A data storage module for storing cascade reservoir flood control dispatching basic data; The flood control storage allocation scheme obtaining module is configured to discretize the flood control storage of each reservoir in the cascade reservoirs according to the enumeration method under the condition that the total flood control storage of the cascade reservoirs is unchanged, so as to obtain multiple allocation schemes of the flood control storage of the cascade reservoirs; The screening module is configured to screen the allocation schemes of the flood control storage in consideration of the multi-region flood control tasks of the cascade reservoirs; The calculation module is configured to calculate the effective coefficient of the flood control storage of the allocation schemes screened by the screening module and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs; The output module is configured to further screen and output the optimal allocation scheme of the flood control storage of the cascade reservoirs in combination with the effective coefficient of the flood control storage and the multi-year average annual power generation of the cascade reservoirs.

17. An electronic device, comprising: The processor and the memory are included, the memory is used for storing a computer program capable of running on the processor; the processor executes the steps of the cascade reservoir flood control storage optimal allocation method considering the multi-region flood control tasks according to any one of claims 1-15 when running the computer program.

18. A storage medium characterized by: The storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the cascade reservoir flood control storage optimal allocation method considering the multi-region flood control tasks according to any one of claims 1-15.

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