Metasurface loaded low-intercoupling patch antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of super surface loading low mutual coupling patch antennas, specifically relates to microwave communication technical field, solve the technical problems, such as the profile of part design is higher, and the bandwidth is narrower, in prior art super surface loading low mutual coupling patch antenna cannot realize directional diagram decoupling;Its technical scheme is: an additional space coupling path is provided by the super surface structure formed by metal patch and asymmetric H type air groove, and the amplitude and phase distribution of signal is adjusted using the super surface structure, and the signal amplitude of the original coupling path is equal;The application can solve the problem of simultaneous decoupling of port and directional diagram, and also consider low profile and wideband performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of microwave communication, in particular to a super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, the number of antennas required by terminal equipment is increasing, so the distance between antennas inevitably needs to be reduced in limited design space, which leads to a sharp increase in mutual coupling between antennas, and further deteriorates the normal radiation of antenna units, thereby negatively affecting the accuracy of beamforming precoding, beamforming robustness and the suppression of array active interference, so low mutual coupling antenna technology capable of realizing pattern decoupling is needed. The super surface structure formed by patch technology has the advantages of flexible design, adjustable beam amplitude and phase, low profile, light weight, etc., therefore, the super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna capable of realizing pattern decoupling has important research value.

[0003] The existing super surface loaded low mutual coupling antenna does not have the technology capable of realizing pattern decoupling. The reported design methods of super surface loaded decoupling patch antenna are mainly divided into two kinds: the first method is to use double-sided metal structures of different shapes to form a super surface with band rejection characteristics, and to suppress the coupling wave in the working frequency band through the super surface to reduce port coupling; the second method is to use a super surface composed of single-sided metal structures of different shapes to realize the control of electromagnetic wave amplitude and phase, and to perform amplitude and phase cancellation with the electromagnetic wave of the original coupling path, thereby realizing low port coupling between antenna units. The above-mentioned design methods of super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna can only realize low mutual coupling between ports and cannot realize pattern decoupling. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna capable of realizing pattern decoupling. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application solves the technical problems that the existing super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna cannot realize pattern decoupling, and part of the design has a high profile and a narrow bandwidth; the super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna provided by the present application solves the problem of simultaneous decoupling of ports and patterns, and also considers low profile and wideband performance.

[0005] The present application provides a super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna, which has an axisymmetric distribution and mainly includes a top metal structure, a first dielectric substrate, a middle metal structure, a second dielectric substrate, a bottom metal ground and a coaxial probe.

[0006] Further, the top layer metal structure is a metal patch structure composed of 18 super surface units arranged in 6 columns and 3 rows, and the super surface unit is a square metal patch sequentially loaded with a first rectangular air slot, a second rectangular air slot and a third rectangular air slot on two sides, the side length of the square metal patch is between 0.1λ 0 and 0.15λ 0 (λ 0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency), the length of the first rectangular air slot is between 0.05λ 0 and 0.1λ 0, the width is between 0.015λ 0 and 0.02λ 0, the length of the second rectangular air slot is between 0.03λ 0 and 0.035λ 0, the width is between 0.015λ 0 and 0.02λ 0, the length of the third rectangular air slot is between 0.05λ 0 and 0.15λ 0, the width is between 0.015λ 0 and 0.02λ 0, and the edge distance between adjacent super surface units is between 0.015λ 0 and 0.02λ 0. The middle layer metal structure is composed of two symmetrically distributed rectangular metal patches, the length of the rectangular metal patch is between 0.3λ 0 and 0.35λ 0, the width is between 0.25λ 0 and 0.35λ 0, and the edge distance is between 0.03λ 0 and 0.1λ 0. The distance between the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate is between 0.15λ 0 and 0.2λ 0.

[0007] Further, the top layer metal structure and the first dielectric substrate form a super surface structure. The middle layer metal structure, the second dielectric substrate and the bottom layer metal ground form a two-unit array patch resonator. The first rectangular air slot, the second rectangular air slot and the third rectangular air slot form an asymmetric H-shaped air slot.

[0008] Further, the inner conductor of the coaxial probe is connected to the two rectangular metal patches respectively as a feed structure of the super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna.

[0009] In the above technical scheme, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present application are as follows:

[0010] 1. The super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna provided by the present application, the super surface structure composed of the metal patch and the asymmetric H-shaped air slot provides an additional space coupling path, and the amplitude and phase distribution of the signal is adjusted by using the super surface structure, the signal amplitude of the original coupling path is equal, and the phase is opposite to form cancellation, so that the low mutual coupling patch antenna with improved port isolation and radiation pattern fidelity is finally realized.

[0011] 2. The super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna provided by the present application, the side length of the super surface unit metal patch is between 0.1λ 0 and 0.15λ 0, so that the metal structure composed of the super surface unit can couple the signals radiated by the array antenna, and effective transmission and reflection of the signals are realized.

[0012] 3. The super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna provided by the application, the length of the first rectangular air groove of the asymmetric H-shaped air groove is between 0.05λ0~0.1λ0, the width is between 0.015λ0~0.02λ0, the length of the second rectangular air groove is between 0.03λ0~0.035λ0, the width is between 0.015λ0~0.02λ0, the length of the third rectangular air groove is between 0.05λ0~0.15λ0, and the width is between 0.015λ0~0.02λ0, so that the super surface structure can effectively control the amplitude and phase of the coupled signal and effectively cancel the signal of the original coupling path.

[0013] 4. The super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna provided by the application, the side distance between adjacent super surface units is between 0.015λ0~0.02λ0, so as to prevent the super surface unit from being connected and destroying the spatial coupling degree of the super surface structure and the array antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna structure of the present application, wherein (a) is a side view, (b) is a top metal structure diagram, (c) is an enlarged diagram of the super unit of the top metal structure, and (d) is a middle layer metal structure diagram.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a coupling path diagram between the two-unit array patch antenna units of the super surface loaded by the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a predicted and simulated S parameter curve diagram of the antenna of the present application.

[0018] Figure 4 It is an H-plane predicted and simulated pattern diagram of the antenna of the present application at 5GHz.

[0019] Explanation of reference signs:

[0020] 1, top metal structure; 2, first dielectric substrate; 3, middle layer metal structure; 4, second dielectric substrate; 5, bottom layer metal ground; 6, coaxial probe; 11, super surface unit; 111, square metal patch; 112, first rectangular air groove; 113, second rectangular air groove; 114, third rectangular air groove; 31, rectangular metal patch; 61, inner conductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1:

[0023] This embodiment provides a metasurface-loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna, as shown in the schematic diagram below. Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure exhibits an axisymmetric distribution and mainly comprises a top metal structure 1, a first dielectric substrate 2, a middle metal structure 3, a second dielectric substrate 4, a bottom metal ground 5, and a coaxial probe 6. The top metal structure 1 is a metal patch structure composed of 18 metasurface units 11 arranged in 6 columns and 3 rows. Each metasurface unit 11 is a square metal patch 111 with a first rectangular air slot 112, a second rectangular air slot 113, and a third rectangular air slot 114 loaded on both sides in sequence. The side length of the square metal patch is between 0.1λ0 and 0.15λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency), and the length of the first rectangular air slot 112 is between 0.05λ0 and 0. The length of the first rectangular air groove 113 is between 0.03λ0 and 0.035λ0, and the width is between 0.015λ0 and 0.02λ0. The length of the third rectangular air groove 114 is between 0.05λ0 and 0.15λ0, and the width is between 0.015λ0 and 0.02λ0. The side spacing between adjacent metasurface units 11 is between 0.015λ0 and 0.02λ0. The intermediate layer metal structure 3 is composed of two symmetrically distributed rectangular metal patches 31. The length of the rectangular metal patches 31 is between 0.3λ0 and 0.35λ0, the width is between 0.25λ0 and 0.35λ0, and the side spacing is between 0.03λ0 and 0.1λ0. The spacing between the first dielectric substrate 2 and the second dielectric substrate 4 is between 0.15λ0 and 0.2λ0. The top metal structure 1 and the first dielectric substrate 2 constitute a metasurface structure. The middle metal structure 3, the second dielectric substrate 4, and the bottom metal ground 5 constitute a two-unit array patch resonator. The first rectangular air slot 112, the second rectangular air slot 113, and the third rectangular air slot 114 constitute an asymmetric H-shaped air slot. The inner conductor 61 of the coaxial probe 6 is connected to two rectangular metal patches 31 respectively, serving as the feed structure for the metasurface-loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna.

[0024] like Figure 2As shown, two rectangular metal patches 31 are respectively as unit 1 and unit 2, for the proposed super surface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna, when the signal is input from the port of unit 1 through the feed structure, most of the signal is radiated and coupled to the super surface structure, most of the signal is radiated to space through the transmission of the super surface, a small amount of signal is coupled to unit 2 through the reflection of the super surface (path 1), at the same time, a small part of the signal excited by unit 1 is directly coupled to unit 2 (path 2). The two parts of the signal coupled to unit 2 will be output through the feed structure of unit 2 and reflected by the metal patch of unit 2, thereby affecting the shape of the directional diagram formed by the signal radiated to space by unit 1, and the signal coupling path is as shown in Figure 2 During this process, when the signal is input from the port of unit 1 through the feed structure and coupled into the super surface structure, the metal patch structure composed of 6 columns and 3 rows of super surface units changes the amplitude and phase of the reflected signal, so that the signal reaching unit 2 through path 1 and the signal directly coupled to unit 2 through path 2 are equal in amplitude and opposite in phase to realize complete cancellation between signals, thereby reducing the signal output from the port of unit 2, reducing the signal reflected by the metal patch of unit 2, and realizing the improvement of port isolation and the fidelity of the radiation directional diagram. When the signal is input from the port of unit 2 through the metal probe, the process is similar to the above, and the signal flows in the opposite direction.

[0025] Embodiment 2:

[0026] In this embodiment, the center distance and the side distance of the two patch antenna units are 0.35λ0 and 0.05λ0 respectively. Figure 3 The S parameter curves of the conventional 1x2 patch antenna and the super surface loaded 1x2 patch antenna with the same center distance and side distance are shown in the figure. Figure 3 It can be seen that the mutual coupling level of the conventional 1x2 patch antenna is-7.6dB, while the mutual coupling level of the super surface loaded 1x2 patch antenna of the present application is lower than-20dB in the matching frequency band, and the overall mutual coupling elimination effect is significantly improved. The center frequency of this embodiment is 5GHz, the-10dB impedance matching frequency band is 4.84GHz-5.16GHz, the relative bandwidth is 6.4%, and the |S 21 | of the antenna in the impedance matching frequency band are all lower than-20dB. Figure 4 The unit H plane radiation directional diagram of the conventional 1x2 patch antenna and the super surface loaded 1x2 patch antenna at 5GHz is shown in the figure, and it can be seen that the radiation direction of the super surface loaded 1x2 patch antenna is directed to the edge direction, and the radiation directional diagram distortion problem is significantly improved. The dielectric substrate used in this case is RO5880 substrate, and the radiation body size is 0.88λ0x0.47λ0x0.21λ0.

[0027] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, which are made by using the content of the present application specification and drawings, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A metasurface loaded low mutual coupling patch antenna, characterized in that, It includes first dielectric substrate (2), second dielectric substrate (4) and bottom layer metal ground (5) arranged in turn from top to bottom;The first dielectric substrate (2) is provided with top layer metal structure (1), and the first dielectric substrate (2) and the second dielectric substrate (4) are provided with intermediate layer metal structure (3);The bottom surface of the bottom layer metal ground (5) is provided with coaxial probe (6), and the coaxial probe (6) passes through the bottom layer metal ground (5) and the second dielectric plate and is connected with the intermediate layer metal structure (3); The top layer metal structure (1) is a metal patch structure composed of a plurality of super surface units (11); The super surface unit (11) is a square metal patch (111) with a first rectangular air slot (112), a second rectangular air slot (113) and a third rectangular air slot (114) sequentially arranged inward on both sides; The top layer metal structure (1) and the first dielectric substrate (2) constitute a super surface structure; The first rectangular air slot (112), the second rectangular air slot (113) and the third rectangular air slot (114) constitute an asymmetric H-shaped air slot; The intermediate layer metal structure (3), the second dielectric substrate (4) and the bottom layer metal ground (5) constitute a two-unit array patch resonator.

2. The ultra-surface loaded low-intercoupling patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein, 18 super surface units (11) are arranged in 6 columns and 3 rows.

3. The ultra-surface loaded low-intercoupling patch antenna according to claim 2, wherein, The side length of the square metal patch (111) is between 0.1 λ 0 ~ 0.15 λ 0, the length of the first rectangular air slot (112) is between 0.05 λ 0 ~ 0.1 λ 0, the width is between 0.015 λ 0 ~ 0.02 λ 0, the length of the second rectangular air slot (113) is between 0.03 λ 0 ~ 0.035 λ 0, the width is between 0.015 λ 0 ~ 0.02 λ 0, the length of the third rectangular air slot (114) is between 0.05 λ 0 ~ 0.15 λ 0, the width is between 0.015 λ 0 ~ 0.02 λ 0, the side spacing between adjacent metasurface units (11) is between 0.015 λ 0 ~ 0.02 λ 0; λ 0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency.

4. The ultra-surface loaded low-intercoupling patch antenna according to claim 3, wherein, The intermediate layer metal structure (3) is composed of two symmetrically distributed rectangular metal patches (31); the length of the rectangular metal patch (31) is between 0.3 λ 0 ~ 0.35 λ 0 between, the width is between 0.25 λ 0 ~ 0.35 λ 0 between, the edge distance is between 0.03 λ 0 ~ 0.1 The inner conductor (61) of the coaxial probe (6) is connected with the two rectangular metal patches (31) respectively. 0 between.

5. The ultra-surface loaded low-intercoupling patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein, The coaxial probe (6) is connected with the rectangular metal patch (31) to form a feeding structure.

6. The ultra-surface loaded low-intercoupling patch antenna according to claim 5, wherein, ​

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