Low frequency radio atomic antenna and method for detecting low frequency radio

Abstract

This invention provides a low-frequency radio atomic antenna and a method for detecting low-frequency radio waves. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna includes a probe optical fiber, a probe optical lens group, a coupling optical lens group, a coupling optical fiber, an atomic gas cell, a parallel electrode plate, a coaxial cable, a passive antenna, a beam splitter, and a photodetector. The coupling optical lens group is used for coupling light beam contraction, the probe optical lens group is used for probe light beam contraction, and the passive antenna is used to feed in the low-frequency signal, which can reduce measurement errors caused by the access of active electronic devices. A built-in electric field is induced by high-power-density coupling light, and the electric field signal corresponding to the radio wave to be detected can be amplified through the Stark effect of the built-in electric field, thereby improving the detection sensitivity of the low-frequency signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radio wave measurement technology, and in particular to a low-frequency radio atomic antenna and a method for detecting low-frequency radio waves. Background Technology

[0002] Low-frequency radio refers to radio waves with relatively low frequencies, specifically electromagnetic waves in the range of 30Hz-300kHz. This includes ultra-low frequency (SLF, 30Hz-300Hz), extremely low frequency (ELF, 300Hz-3kHz), very low frequency (VLF, 3kHz-30kHz), and low frequency (LF, 30kHz-300kHz). Since the wavelength of radio waves is inversely proportional to their frequency, the lower the frequency, the longer the wavelength. When the wavelength of low-frequency radio waves is much longer than the length of the receiving antenna, the traditional metal antenna based on dipoles has a low radio gain coefficient in the low-frequency band, resulting in low detection sensitivity for low-frequency radio waves.

[0003] Currently, in order to achieve highly sensitive detection of low-frequency radio, a longer receiving antenna is usually used to receive low-frequency radio, thereby improving the sensitivity of the receiving antenna to low-frequency radio detection.

[0004] However, due to factors such as installation location and usage environment, the application scenarios for long receiving antennas are limited.

[0005] The new Rydberg atomic low-frequency radio receiving antenna converts low-frequency radio signals into photoelectric signals for detection, with a sensitivity limit of -190dBm / Hz. This significantly reduces the antenna size of traditional low-frequency radios and further improves the accuracy of long-wave positioning and timing and the communication range.

[0006] However, due to the insufficient sensitivity of the Rydberg atom detector for low-frequency electric fields, active electronic devices such as adder circuits (applying an electrostatic field to amplify the low-frequency signal under test) or low-noise amplifiers (amplifying the low-frequency signal under test through a narrowband filter) are still needed to enhance the low-frequency radio gain and signal reception. Low-frequency electric field measurements are easily interfered with by active electronic devices, resulting in excessive thermionic noise at the receiving end, which limits further improvement in low-frequency radio sensitivity. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a method for detecting low-frequency radio atomic antennas and low-frequency electric fields. It can reduce or eliminate measurement errors caused by the connection of active electronic devices without increasing the size of the receiving antenna, and improve the sensitivity of the receiving antenna to low-frequency radio detection, thereby solving the problem that the application scenarios of long receiving antennas in the prior art are limited.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-frequency radio atomic antenna, comprising: a probe optical fiber, a coupling optical fiber, an atomic gas cell, a parallel electrode plate, a coaxial cable, a passive antenna, a beam splitter, and a photodetector. The atomic gas cell is a hollow structure. The parallel electrode plate is disposed within the atomic gas cell, with one end opening opposite one end of the atomic gas cell and the other end opening opposite the other end of the atomic gas cell. The probe optical fiber is disposed at one end of the atomic gas cell, and the coupling optical fiber is disposed at the other end of the atomic gas cell. The passive antenna is disposed outside the atomic gas cell and is connected to the parallel electrode plate via the coaxial cable. The beam splitter is disposed between the coupling optical fiber and the atomic gas cell.

[0010] The system comprises several components: an atomic gas chamber for storing Rydberg atoms (alkali metal atoms such as rubidium and cesium); a passive antenna for receiving the radio wave to be detected and transmitting it to the parallel electrode plates via a coaxial cable; a probe fiber for transmitting probe light into the atomic gas chamber; a coupling fiber for transmitting coupling light into the atomic gas chamber, where the power density of the coupling light entering the chamber exceeds the photoionization power density threshold; and a beam splitter for transmitting the coupling light emitted from the coupling fiber. The probe light emitted from the probe fiber and the coupling light emitted from the coupling fiber coincide within the atomic gas chamber and are located between the two plates of the parallel electrode plates. The beam splitter also reflects the probe light from the atomic gas chamber to a photodetector. The photodetector converts the received probe light into a corresponding photoelectric signal, which is associated with the radio wave to be detected.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a probe light lens assembly. This assembly is positioned between the probe light fiber and the atomic gas cell. The probe light lens assembly receives the probe light emitted from the probe light fiber, performs beam-shrinking and collimation processing on the received probe light, and then transmits the beam-shrinking and collimated probe light into the atomic gas cell.

[0013] Furthermore, the probe light lens group performs beam-shrinking processing on the received probe light within a range of 0.01x to 10x. The probe light lens group performs collimation processing on the received probe light within a range of 20 micrometers to 20 millimeters. The collimation range refers to the range of the spot diameter of the light after collimation processing.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a coupling light lens group. The coupling light lens group is positioned between the coupling light fiber and the beam splitter. The coupling light lens group is used to receive the coupled light emitted from the coupling light fiber, and to perform beam-shrinking and collimation processing on the received coupled light, before transmitting the beam-shrinking and collimated coupled light to the beam splitter. Specifically, the beam-shrinking processing on the received coupled light enhances the power density of the coupled light received by the coupling light lens group; when the power density of the coupled light after beam-shrinking exceeds the photoionization power density threshold, a photoionization effect is triggered within the atomic gas chamber to generate a built-in electric field for laser between the parallel electrode plates.

[0015] Furthermore, the beam-shrinking range of the received coupled light performed by the coupling light lens group is between 0.01x and 10x. The collimation range of the received coupled light performed by the coupling light lens group is between 20 micrometers and 20 millimeters.

[0016] Furthermore, the material of the parallel electrode plates includes at least one of tungsten, copper, steel, aluminum, and nickel. The distance between the two electrodes of the parallel electrode plates is greater than twice the spot diameter of the coupled light after beam contraction by the coupling light lens group.

[0017] Furthermore, passive antennas include any one of loop antennas, whip antennas, horn antennas, parabolic antennas, microstrip antennas, and reference electrode antennas.

[0018] Furthermore, the parallel electrode plate includes a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate. The passive antenna includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal; the positive terminal is connected to the positive electrode plate and the passive antenna; the negative terminal is connected to the ground wire.

[0019] Secondly, this invention provides a method for detecting low-frequency radio waves, applied in a low-frequency radio atomic antenna. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna includes a probe optical fiber, a coupling optical fiber, an atomic gas cell, parallel electrode plates, a coaxial cable, a passive antenna, a beam splitter, and a photodetector. In this method, the passive antenna receives the radio wave to be detected and transmits it to the parallel electrode plates via the coaxial cable. The orientation of the passive antenna is adjusted according to the transmission direction of the radio wave to be detected until the signal strength of the radio wave to be detected received by the passive antenna is strongest. The probe optical fiber emits probe light into the atomic gas cell, and the coupling optical fiber emits coupling light into the atomic gas cell. The power density of the coupling light entering the atomic gas cell is greater than the photoionization power density threshold. The probe light emitted by the probe optical fiber and the coupling light emitted by the coupling optical fiber coincide in the atomic gas cell and are located between the two electrode plates of the parallel electrode plate. The beam splitter refracts the probe light transmitted from the atomic gas cell to the photodetector. The photodetector converts the received probe light into a corresponding photoelectric signal, which is associated with the radio wave to be detected.

[0020] Furthermore, the probe light lens group receives the probe light emitted from the probe light fiber, performs beam contraction and collimation processing on the received probe light, and transmits the beam-contracted and collimated probe light into the atomic gas cell. The coupling light lens group receives the coupling light emitted from the coupling light fiber, performs beam contraction and collimation processing on the received coupling light, and transmits the beam-contracted and collimated coupling light to the beam splitter. Beam contraction processing on the received coupling light is used to enhance the power density of the coupling light received by the coupling light lens group. When the power density of the coupling light after beam contraction exceeds the photoionization power density threshold, photoionization is triggered within the atomic gas cell to generate a built-in electric field for laser between the parallel electrode plates.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The low-frequency radio atomic antenna includes a coupling light lens group for coupling light beam contraction, a probe light lens group for probe light beam contraction, and a passive antenna for feeding low-frequency signals, which can reduce measurement errors caused by the access of active electronic devices. A built-in electric field is induced by high-power-density coupling light, and the low-frequency electric field signal to be measured can be amplified through the Stark effect of the built-in electric field, thereby improving the sensitivity of the receiving antenna to low-frequency radio detection while reducing the size of the receiving antenna.

[0022] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, one or more processors; the memory and the processors being coupled; wherein the memory stores computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the electronic device to perform the method for detecting low-frequency radio waves described in any of the second aspects above.

[0023] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, including computer instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the method for detecting low-frequency radio waves described in any of the second aspects above.

[0024] Fifthly, a computer program product is provided that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method for detecting low-frequency radio waves described in any of the second aspects above.

[0025] Understandably, the beneficial effects that the electronic device described in the third aspect, the computer-readable storage medium described in the fourth aspect, and the computer program product described in the fifth aspect can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects of the first aspect and any possible design thereof, as well as the second aspect and any possible design thereof, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-frequency radio atomic antenna provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting low-frequency radio waves provided by the present invention.

[0028] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0029] 1. Detector fiber, 2. Coupler fiber, 3. Atomic gas cell, 4. Parallel electrode plate, 5. Coaxial cable, 6. Passive antenna, 7. Beam splitter, 8. Photodetector, 9. Detector lens group, 10. Coupler lens group. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that "first" and "second" are not necessarily different. Meanwhile, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being used as an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes.

[0031] When the wavelength of low-frequency radio waves is much longer than the length of the receiving antenna, the traditional metal antenna based on dipoles has a low radio gain coefficient in the low-frequency band, resulting in low sensitivity for detecting low-frequency radio waves. To achieve high-sensitivity detection of low-frequency radio waves, a longer receiving antenna is typically used, thereby improving the antenna's sensitivity.

[0032] However, due to factors such as installation location and usage environment, the application scenarios for long receiving antennas are limited.

[0033] In one related technology, a novel Rydberg atomic low-frequency radio receiving antenna can convert low-frequency radio signals into photoelectric signals for detection, with a sensitivity limit of -190dBm / Hz, thereby significantly shortening the antenna length of traditional low-frequency radios and improving the accuracy of long-wave positioning and timing and the communication range.

[0034] However, the aforementioned techniques are limited by the insufficient sensitivity of the Rydberg detector for low-frequency electric fields. They still require the use of active electronic devices such as adder circuits (which apply an electrostatic field to amplify the low-frequency signal under test) or low-noise amplifiers (which amplify the low-frequency signal under test through a narrowband filter) to enhance the low-frequency radio gain and facilitate signal reception. Low-frequency electric field measurements are susceptible to interference from active electronic devices, leading to excessive thermionic noise from the receiving antenna and limiting its sensitivity for low-frequency radio detection.

[0035] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a low-frequency radio atomic antenna and a method for detecting low-frequency radio waves. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna includes a coupling optical lens group for coupling light beam contraction, a detection optical lens group for detection light beam contraction, and a passive antenna for feeding in low-frequency signals. This reduces measurement errors caused by the integration of active electronic devices. A built-in electric field is induced by high-power-density coupling light. The Stark effect of this built-in electric field amplifies the low-frequency electric field signal being measured, thereby improving the sensitivity of the receiving antenna for low-frequency radio wave detection while reducing the antenna's size.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-frequency radio atomic antenna provided by the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the low-frequency radio atomic antenna provided by the present invention includes: a probe optical fiber 1, a coupling optical fiber 2, an atomic gas cell 3, a parallel electrode plate 4, a coaxial cable 5, a passive antenna 6, a beam splitter 7, and a photodetector 8.

[0037] The atomic gas chamber 3 is a hollow structure. A parallel electrode plate 4 is disposed within the atomic gas chamber 3, with one end of the parallel electrode plate 4 opening opposite one end of the atomic gas chamber 3, and the other end opening opposite the other end of the atomic gas chamber 3. A probe optical fiber 1 is disposed at one end of the atomic gas chamber 3, and a coupling optical fiber 2 is disposed at the other end. A passive antenna 6 is disposed outside the atomic gas chamber 3 and is connected to the parallel electrode plate 4 via a coaxial cable 5. A beam splitter 7 is disposed between the coupling optical fiber 2 and the atomic gas chamber 3.

[0038] A passive antenna 6 is used to receive the radio wave to be detected, which is then transmitted to the parallel electrode plate 4 via a coaxial cable 5. A probe fiber 1 is used to transmit probe light to the atomic gas chamber 3. A coupling fiber 2 is used to transmit coupling light to the atomic gas chamber 3; the power density of the coupling light entering the atomic gas chamber 3 is greater than the photoionization power density threshold. A beam splitter 7 is used to transmit the coupling light emitted by the coupling fiber 2. The probe light emitted by the probe fiber 1 and the coupling light emitted by the coupling fiber 2 coincide in the atomic gas chamber 3 and are located between the two electrodes of the parallel electrode plate 4.

[0039] The beam splitter 7 is also used to reflect the probe light emitted from the atomic gas chamber 3 to the photodetector 8. The photodetector is used to convert the received probe light into a corresponding photoelectric signal, which is associated with the radio wave to be detected.

[0040] Specifically, the combination of the probe light and coupling light located between the two plates of the parallel electrode plate 4 can excite the outermost electrons of the Rydberg atom to orbits with higher principal quantum numbers, making the distance between the electron and the atomic core on the order of micrometers, resulting in an extremely large electric dipole moment. This makes the Rydberg atom extremely sensitive to electromagnetic fields and capable of strong interactions with external electromagnetic fields such as microwave radiation. Furthermore, when the power density of the coupling light is strong enough, it will produce a photoionization effect, ensuring that a built-in electric field is generated between the parallel electrode plates 4 to amplify the signal strength of the radio wave to be detected transmitted from the passive antenna 6, further increasing the detection sensitivity of the Rydberg atom in the atomic gas chamber 3.

[0041] In some embodiments, the low-frequency radio atomic antenna provided by the present invention further includes a probe light lens group 9.

[0042] The probe light lens group 9 is disposed between the probe light fiber 1 and the atomic gas cell 3. The probe light lens group 9 is used to receive the probe light emitted by the probe light fiber 1, and to perform beam contraction and collimation processing on the received probe light, and to transmit the beam contraction and collimation processed probe light into the atomic gas cell 3.

[0043] In some embodiments, the beam-shortening ratio in the beam-shortening process performed by the probe light lens group 9 on the received probe light is adjustable. Specifically, the beam-shortening range of the probe light lens group 9 in performing beam-shortening on the received probe light is between 0.01 and 10 times.

[0044] In some embodiments, the collimation ratio of the probe light lens group 9 for collimating the received probe light is adjustable. Specifically, the collimation range of the probe light lens group 9 for collimating the received probe light is between 20 micrometers and 20 millimeters. The collimation range refers to the range of the spot diameter of the light that has undergone collimation.

[0045] In some embodiments, the low-frequency radio atomic antenna provided by the present invention further includes a coupling optical lens group 10.

[0046] The coupling light lens group 10 is disposed between the coupling light fiber 2 and the beam splitter 7. The coupling light lens group 10 is used to receive the coupling light emitted by the coupling light fiber 2, and to perform beam-shrinking and collimation processing on the received coupling light, and to transmit the coupled light that has undergone beam-shrinking and collimation processing to the beam splitter 7.

[0047] It should be noted that the received coupled light is subjected to beam shrinking to enhance the power density of the coupled light received by the coupled light lens group. When the power density of the coupled light after beam shrinking exceeds the photoionization power density threshold, a photoionization effect will be triggered in the atomic gas cell 3 to generate a built-in electric field for laser between the parallel electrode plates 4.

[0048] In some embodiments, the beam-shortening ratio in the beam-shortening process performed by the coupling light lens group 10 on the received coupled light is adjustable. Specifically, the beam-shortening range of the coupling light lens group 10 in performing the beam-shortening process on the received coupled light is between 0.01 and 10 times.

[0049] In some embodiments, the collimation ratio in the collimation process performed by the coupling light lens group 10 on the received coupled light is adjustable. Specifically, the collimation range of the coupling light lens group 10 in performing the collimation process on the received coupled light is between 20 micrometers and 20 millimeters.

[0050] In some embodiments, the material of the parallel electrode plate 4 includes at least one of tungsten, copper, steel, aluminum, and nickel.

[0051] In some embodiments, the material of the atomic gas chamber 3 includes any one of transparent materials such as sapphire, quartz, lithium niobate, microcrystalline glass, and various types of glass.

[0052] In some embodiments, the passive antenna 6 includes any one of the following passive miniaturized antennas: a loop antenna, a whip antenna, a horn antenna, a parabolic antenna, a microstrip antenna, and a reference electrode antenna. The length of the passive antenna 6 is 0.001 meters to 1 meter.

[0053] In some embodiments, the coaxial cable 5 is a multi-layer shielded cable with excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. The coaxial cable 5 includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal.

[0054] In some embodiments, the parallel electrode plate 4 includes a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate. The positive and negative electrode plates are arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other. The positive terminal of the coaxial cable 5 is connected to the positive electrode plate of the parallel electrode plate 4 and the passive antenna 6; the negative terminal of the coaxial cable 5 is connected to the ground wire.

[0055] In some embodiments, the spacing between the parallel electrode plates 4 is slightly larger than the laser spot size (including the probe light and the coupling light), ranging from 0.1 to 10 mm. The size of the parallel electrode plates 4 is much larger than the laser spot size, ranging from 10 to 100 mm.

[0056] Specifically, the distance between the two plates of the parallel electrode plate 4 can be greater than twice the diameter of the coupled light spot after the beam-shrinking process performed by the coupled light lens group.

[0057] This invention also provides a method for detecting low-frequency radio waves, applied in a low-frequency radio atomic antenna provided by this invention. See also Figure 2 The present invention provides a method for detecting low-frequency radio waves, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S201: Passive antenna receives the radio to be detected, and transmits the radio to be detected to the parallel electrode plate via coaxial cable.

[0059] In some embodiments, the positive end of the coaxial cable is connected to the lead of the passive antenna and the parallel electrode plate inside the atomic gas chamber, and the negative end of the coaxial cable is connected to the ground wire.

[0060] S202: Adjust the orientation of the passive antenna according to the transmission direction of the radio to be detected until the signal strength of the radio to be detected received by the passive antenna is the strongest.

[0061] S203: The probe optical fiber emits probe light into the atomic gas cell, and the coupling optical fiber emits coupling light into the atomic gas cell.

[0062] The power density of the coupling light entering the atomic gas chamber is greater than the photoionization power density threshold. The probe light emitted by the probe fiber and the coupling light emitted by the coupling fiber coincide in the atomic gas chamber and are located between the two plates of the parallel electrode plates.

[0063] Specifically, the passive antenna and the leads of the parallel electrode plates inside the atomic gas chamber can be connected via the positive end of a highly shielded coaxial cable, and the ground wire can be connected via the negative end of the highly shielded coaxial cable. During the adjustment of the probe and coupling light paths, it is ensured that the probe and coupling lights propagate in opposite directions along the same line and coincide between the parallel electrode plates inside the atomic gas chamber.

[0064] In some embodiments, the probe light can be subjected to beam contraction and collimation by a probe light lens group, and the probe light that has undergone beam contraction and collimation can be transmitted into the atomic gas cell.

[0065] By performing beam-shrinking processing on the probe light, it can be ensured that the probe light spot size is less than or equal to the coupling light spot size.

[0066] In some embodiments, the coupled light can be subjected to beam contraction and collimation by a coupling light lens group, and the coupled light that has undergone beam contraction and collimation can be transmitted into the atomic gas cell.

[0067] By performing beam-shrinking processing on the coupled light, the power density of the coupled light can be enhanced. When the power density of the coupled light is strong enough, it will generate photoionization effect, ensuring that a built-in electric field for laser is generated between the parallel electrode plates.

[0068] S204: The beam splitter refracts the probe light emitted from the atomic gas cell to the photodetector.

[0069] S205: The photodetector converts the received detection light into a corresponding photoelectric signal.

[0070] In some embodiments, the photoelectric signal output by the photodetector can be transmitted to instruments such as an oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer, or data acquisition card for processing and analysis. The information carried by the radio wave to be detected can be demodulated through the photoelectric signal.

[0071] As can be seen, the low-frequency radio detection method provided by this invention can use a passive, small-sized antenna for low-frequency radio reception, which can reduce or eliminate measurement errors caused by the connection of active electronic devices. A built-in electric field is generated by inducing high-power-density coupled light, and the Stark effect of the built-in electric field amplifies the low-frequency electric field signal to be measured, thereby improving the sensitivity of the receiving antenna for low-frequency radio detection.

[0072] In some solutions, multiple embodiments of this application can be combined, and the combined solution can be implemented. Optionally, some operations in the processes of each method embodiment may be combined, and / or the order of some operations may be changed. Furthermore, the execution order between the steps of each process is merely exemplary and does not constitute a limitation on the execution order between steps; other execution orders are also possible. It is not intended to indicate that the execution order is the only possible order in which these operations can be performed. Those skilled in the art will conceive of various ways to reorder the operations described herein. In addition, it should be noted that the process details involved in one embodiment of this document are similarly applicable to other embodiments, or different embodiments may be combined.

[0073] Furthermore, some steps in the method embodiments can be equivalently replaced with other possible steps. Alternatively, some steps in the method embodiments may be optional and can be deleted in certain use cases. Or, other possible steps may be added to the method embodiments. Moreover, the various method embodiments can be implemented individually or in combination.

[0074] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the antenna can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0075] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed antennas and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the antenna embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another antenna, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interface; the indirect coupling or communication connection of antennas or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0076] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0077] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0078] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low frequency radio atomic antenna, characterized by, The application relates to a kind of radio frequency detection devices, including: probe light optical fiber (1), coupling light optical fiber (2), atomic gas chamber (3), parallel electrode plate (4), coaxial cable (5), passive antenna (6), beam splitter (7) and photoelectric detector (8); The atomic gas chamber (3) is a hollow structure, the parallel electrode plate (4) is arranged in the atomic gas chamber (3), one end opening of the parallel electrode plate (4) is arranged opposite to one end of the atomic gas chamber (3), the other end opening of the parallel electrode plate (4) is arranged opposite to the other end of the atomic gas chamber (3); The probe light optical fiber (1) is arranged at one end of the atomic gas chamber (3); The coupling light optical fiber (2) is arranged at the other end of the atomic gas chamber (3); The passive antenna (6) is arranged outside the atomic gas chamber (3), and the passive antenna (6) is connected with the parallel electrode plate (4) through the coaxial cable (5); The beam splitter (7) is arranged between the coupling light optical fiber (2) and the atomic gas chamber (3); Wherein, the atomic gas chamber (3) is used for storing Rydberg atoms; The passive antenna (6) is used for receiving the radio to be detected, so as to transmit the radio to be detected into the parallel electrode plate (4) through the coaxial cable (5), and the radio to be detected is a low-frequency radio frequency band of 30Hz-300kHz; The probe light optical fiber (1) is used for emitting probe light to the atomic gas chamber (3); The coupling light optical fiber (2) is used for emitting coupling light to the atomic gas chamber (3); The power density of the coupling light entering the inside of the atomic gas chamber (3) is greater than the photoionization power density threshold value, the photoionization effect is generated by the coupling light with the power density greater than the photoionization power density threshold value in the inside of the atomic gas chamber (3), the built-in electric field of laser is generated between the parallel electrode plate (4) to amplify the signal strength of the radio to be detected transmitted by the passive antenna (6); The beam splitter (7) is used for transmitting the coupling light emitted by the coupling light optical fiber (2); The probe light emitted by the probe light optical fiber (1) and the coupling light emitted by the coupling light optical fiber (2) coincide in the atomic gas chamber (3), and are located between the two electrode plates included by the parallel electrode plate (4); The beam splitter (7) is also used for reflecting the probe light emitted from the atomic gas chamber (3) to the photoelectric detector (8); The photoelectric detector is used for converting the received probe light into corresponding photoelectric signal; The photoelectric signal is associated with the radio to be detected.

2. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: probe light lens group (9); The probe light lens group (9) is arranged between the probe light optical fiber (1) and the atomic gas chamber (3); The probe light lens group (9) is used for receiving the probe light emitted by the probe light optical fiber (1), performing beam shrinking processing and collimation processing on the received probe light, and transmitting the probe light subjected to the beam shrinking processing and the collimation processing into the atomic gas chamber (3).

3. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna of claim 2, wherein, The beam-shrinking range of the probe light lens group (9) for the received probe light is between 0.01 times and 10 times; the collimation range of the probe light lens group (9) for the received probe light is between 20 micrometers and 20 millimeters; the collimation range refers to the range of the spot diameter of the light that has undergone the collimation process.

4. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna of claim 3, wherein, Also includes: A coupling light lens group (10); the coupling light lens group (10) is disposed between the coupling light fiber (2) and the beam splitter (7); The coupling light lens group (10) is used to receive the coupling light emitted by the coupling light fiber (2), and to perform beam shrinking and collimation on the received coupling light, and to transmit the coupled light that has undergone beam shrinking and collimation to the beam splitter (7); the beam shrinking on the received coupling light is used to enhance the power density of the coupling light received by the coupling light lens group; when the power density of the coupled light after beam shrinking is greater than the photoionization power density threshold, the photoionization effect is triggered in the atomic gas cell (3) to generate a built-in electric field for laser between the parallel electrode plates (4).

5. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna of claim 4, wherein, Also includes: The beam-shrinking range of the coupled light lens group (10) for performing beam-shrinking processing on the received coupled light is between 0.01 times and 10 times; the collimation range of the coupled light lens group (10) for performing collimation processing on the received coupled light is between 20 micrometers and 20 millimeters.

6. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna of claim 5, wherein, The material of the parallel electrode plate (4) includes at least one of tungsten, copper, steel, aluminum, and nickel; the distance between the two electrodes of the parallel electrode plate (4) is greater than twice the diameter of the coupled light spot after the beam-shrinking process performed by the coupling light lens group (10).

7. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna of claim 6, wherein, The passive antenna (6) includes any one of the following: loop antenna, whip antenna, horn antenna, parabolic antenna, microstrip antenna, and reference electrode antenna.

8. The low-frequency radio atomic antenna of claim 7, wherein, The parallel electrode plate (4) includes a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate; the passive antenna (6) includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal; the positive terminal is connected to the positive electrode plate and the passive antenna (6); the negative terminal is connected to the ground wire.

9. A method for detecting low frequency radio waves, applied to a low frequency radio atomic antenna, said low frequency radio atomic antenna comprising a probe light fiber, a coupling light fiber, an atomic gas cell, parallel electrode plates, a coaxial cable, a passive antenna, a beamsplitter and a photodetector, characterized in that, include: The passive antenna receives the radio wave to be detected and transmits it to the parallel electrode plate via the coaxial cable. The radio wave to be detected is a low-frequency radio band of 30Hz-300kHz. Adjust the orientation of the passive antenna according to the transmission direction of the radio to be detected until the signal strength of the radio to be detected received by the passive antenna is the strongest. The probe optical fiber emits probe light to the atomic gas chamber, and the coupling optical fiber emits coupling light to the atomic gas chamber; the power density of the coupling light entering the atomic gas chamber is greater than the photoionization power density threshold; a laser built-in electric field is generated between the parallel electrode plates (4) to amplify the signal strength of the radio signal to be detected transmitted from the passive antenna (6); the probe light emitted by the probe optical fiber and the coupling light emitted by the coupling optical fiber coincide in the atomic gas chamber and are located between the two plates included in the parallel electrode plates; The beam splitter refracts the probe light emitted from the atomic gas cell to the photodetector; The photodetector converts the received detection light into a corresponding photoelectric signal.

10. The method of detecting low frequency radio of claim 9, wherein, Also includes: The probe light lens group receives the probe light emitted by the probe light fiber, performs beam contraction and collimation on the received probe light, and transmits the beam contraction and collimation processed probe light into the atomic gas cell. The coupling light lens group receives the coupled light emitted by the coupling light fiber, performs beam shrinking and collimation processing on the received coupled light, and transmits the coupled light that has undergone beam shrinking and collimation processing to the beam splitter; the beam shrinking processing on the received coupled light is used to enhance the power density of the coupled light received by the coupling light lens group; if the power density of the coupled light after beam shrinking is greater than the photoionization power density threshold, a photoionization effect is triggered in the atomic gas chamber to generate a built-in electric field for laser between the parallel electrode plates.

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