A corn cob directionally-fed threshing cylinder

Abstract

The present invention discloses a corn ear directional feeding threshing cylinder. The present invention includes an upper housing, a lower housing, a cylinder shaft, a directional spiral feeding head, a threshing cylinder, and a rasp bar block. Innovatively, a directional conveying and throwing arc plate and a directional shunting and throwing arc plate are arranged at the tail of the spiral plate, so that the ears are evenly thrown onto the threshing cylinder in a position parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder; a tail guide rail is arranged between the directional conveying and throwing arc plate and the directional shunting and throwing arc plate. Different angles of the tail guide rail can ensure that the ears at each position can receive different adjustment forces, realizing further direction correction of the ears and achieving directional feeding of the ears. The present invention realizes the uniform and directional conveying of the ears to the threshing cylinder for threshing operation, greatly reducing the threshing breakage rate and improving the threshing performance of the grain harvester.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of harvesters, and particularly relates to a threshing cylinder for corn cobs with directional feeding. Background Art

[0002] Corn is one of the three most important staple food crops globally recognized. The mechanized operation mode has gradually occupied the dominant position in agricultural production, and the development of agricultural mechanization has entered the intermediate stage from the primary stage. The comprehensive level of annual cultivation, harvesting, and threshing of corn among the three main staple foods is only 65%, while the comprehensive level of the other two main staple foods has reached 95%.

[0003] The harvesting link is one of the important links in agricultural production. The harvesting quality directly determines the grain yield. A combine harvester, also known as a combine, is a harvesting machine that can complete processes such as harvesting cereal crops, threshing, separating stalks, and removing impurities at one time, and directly obtains grains from the field. The combine harvester combines the harvester and the thresher in one unit, enabling farmers to complete harvesting and threshing with a single operation, thus saving manpower and material resources and greatly reducing the burden on farmers.

[0004] The cob is fed into the threshing and separating device through a spiral feeding head. The spiral feeding head, as the feeding section of the longitudinal axial flow threshing cylinder, that is, the feeding part of the threshing device, has an important impact on whether the corn cob can be smoothly and evenly fed into the threshing chamber for threshing. Experimental research has proven that the number of heads of the spiral feeding head affects the material conveying capacity. The conical spiral feeding head has smooth conveying and feeding of materials, and has a better feeding effect than the cylindrical spiral feeding head; the spiral grasping feeding head has good conveying and feeding capabilities, which helps the materials on the cutter bar sieve to be smoothly fed into the threshing and separating device for threshing.

[0005] Researchers at home and abroad have obtained through experiments that when the axis of the cob is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder during feeding, the threshing breakage rate of corn can be significantly reduced, and the loss reduction effect reaches 32%. Due to the great difficulty of directional feeding, the spiral feeding heads adopted by the current top international manufacturers of corn combine harvesters are still conventional spiral feeding heads, which can only achieve the feeding function, and front-end researchers at home and abroad have not studied the problem of corn feeding directionality.

[0006] Therefore, a threshing cylinder for corn cobs with directional feeding is needed to feed the cobs into the threshing device directionally and thresh when the axis of the cob is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder, so as to significantly reduce the breakage rate of corn kernels. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the bottleneck problem that the existing threshing cylinder cannot feed corn ears in a directional manner, the present invention provides a threshing cylinder for directional feeding of corn ears. The present invention innovatively sets a directional conveying and throwing arc plate and a directional shunting and throwing arc plate to achieve the directional feeding of ears; at the same time, the spiral plate, the directional conveying and throwing arc plate, the directional shunting and throwing arc plate, the upper directional guide rail, the lower directional guide rail, the axial guide rail, and the tail guide rail cooperate with each other to achieve the direction adjustment and shunting during the ear conveying process, and ensure the directional uniformity of the ear throwing.

[0008] A threshing cylinder for directional feeding of corn ears, comprising an upper housing, a lower housing, a cylinder shaft, a directional spiral feeding head, a threshing cylinder, and rod pieces. The upper housing and the lower housing are lidless housings, and the upper housing and the lower housing are detachably connected as a whole. The cylinder shaft is arranged inside the upper housing and the lower housing, and the axis of the cylinder shaft coincides with the axes of the upper housing and the lower housing. A directional spiral feeding head and a threshing cylinder are fixedly arranged on the cylinder shaft, and a number of rod pieces are evenly arranged on the threshing cylinder;

[0009] The upper housing includes an upper conical shell, an upper directional guide rail, and an upper round cover. The upper conical shell is arranged on the upper round cover. The upper conical shell is a three-sided bottomless shell after being cut in half. An upper directional guide rail is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the upper conical shell. The cross-section of the upper directional guide rail is semicircular, and the upper directional guide rail is spiral;

[0010] The lower housing includes a lower conical shell, a lower directional guide rail, and a concave sieve. The lower conical shell is arranged on the concave sieve. The lower conical shell has the same shape and size as the upper conical shell. A lower directional guide rail is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the lower conical shell. The cross-section of the lower directional guide rail is semicircular, and the lower directional guide rail is spiral. The pitch, number of threads, and lead of the lower directional guide rail are the same as those of the upper directional guide rail. After assembling the upper housing and the lower housing, the upper directional guide rail and the lower directional guide rail form a closed spiral shape;

[0011] The directional spiral feeding head includes a cone body, a spiral plate, an axial guide rail, a directional conveying and throwing arc plate, a tail guide rail, and a directional shunting and throwing arc plate. The spiral plate is spirally wound on the cone body from the small diameter to the large diameter. The unfolded shape of the spiral plate is strip-shaped. There are two spiral plates arranged on the cone body in total. Axial guide rails are arranged on both the front and back sides of the spiral plate. Multiple axial guide rails are evenly arranged on the spiral plate. The cross-section of the axial guide rail is trapezoidal. The tail of the spiral plate is connected with a directional conveying and throwing arc plate. The arc surface at the tail end of the directional conveying and throwing arc plate is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder. A directional shunting and throwing arc plate is arranged at the middle of the forward and reverse gaps of the directional conveying and throwing arc plates at the tails of the two spiral plates. The arc surface at the tail end of the directional shunting and throwing arc plate is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder. The thickness of the directional shunting and throwing arc plate gradually increases from the small diameter to the large diameter of the cone body; A tail guide rail is arranged between the directional conveying and throwing arc plate and the directional shunting and throwing arc plate;

[0012] The tail guide rail includes a first tail guide rail, a second tail guide rail, and a third tail guide rail. The cross-sections of the first tail guide rail, the second tail guide rail, and the third tail guide rail are all semi-circular. The first tail guide rail is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder. There is an angle β between the second tail guide rail and the axis of the threshing cylinder, and the range of β is 2° to 5°. There is an angle α between the third tail guide rail and the axis of the threshing cylinder, and the range of α is 5° to 8°.

[0013] The materials of the upper redirecting guide rail, the lower redirecting guide rail, the axial guide rail, and the tail guide rail are all rubber.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] Innovatively, the present invention cooperates with the spiral plate, the directional conveying and throwing arc plate, the directional diversion and throwing arc plate, the upper redirecting guide rail, the lower redirecting guide rail, the axial guide rail, and the tail guide rail to cross-adjust the orientation of the ear, realize the orientation and diversion during the ear conveying process, and finally realize the directional feeding of the ear into the threshing cylinder.

[0016] The present invention sets a directional conveying and throwing arc plate at the tail of the spiral plate, and sets a directional diversion and throwing arc plate at the gap between the two directional conveying and throwing arc plates. Adding the directional diversion and throwing arc plate can divert and throw the ear, realizing the uniform throwing and feeding of the ear to the threshing cylinder; at the same time, the arc surfaces at the tails of the directional conveying and throwing arc plate and the directional diversion and throwing arc plate are parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder, and the arc surface at the tail adjusts the position of the ear before the ear is fed into the threshing cylinder, so that the ear is thrown in a position parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder.

[0017] A tail guide rail is arranged between the directional conveying and throwing arc plate and the directional diversion and throwing arc plate. The angles between the first tail guide rail, the second tail guide rail, and the third tail guide rail and the axis of the threshing cylinder increase in sequence. According to the different positions of the first tail guide rail, the second tail guide rail, and the third tail guide rail, setting different angles can ensure that the ears at each position can receive different adjustment forces, realize the further direction correction of the ears, and realize the directional feeding of the ears.

[0018] Axial guide rails are arranged on both the front and back sides of the spiral plate. When the spiral plate conveys the ear, the axial guide rails contact the ear multiple times during the conveying process, so that the ear is conveyed lying flat, realizing the adjustment of the direction; at the same time, when the ear collides with the upper redirecting guide rail and the lower redirecting guide rail of the upper housing and the lower housing, an out-of-direction adjustment force is applied to the ear, realizing the adjustment of the posture of the ear. The cross-combination of multiple forces realizes the adjustment of the position of the ear, and finally realizes the directional feeding of the ear in a position parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1It is an axonometric structural schematic diagram of the upper housing of the present invention after removing half of it;

[0020] Figure 2 It is an axonometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention after removing the upper housing and the lower housing;

[0021] Figure 3 It is an axonometric structural schematic diagram of the upper housing of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is an axonometric structural schematic diagram of the lower housing of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is an axonometric front view schematic diagram of the present invention after removing the upper housing and the lower housing;

[0024] Figure 6 It is an axonometric left view schematic diagram of the present invention after removing the upper housing and the lower housing;

[0025] Figure 7 It is the reality of the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of part I in the figure.

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 1. Upper housing; 2. Lower housing; 3. Drum shaft; 4. Directional spiral feeding head; 5. Threshing drum; 6. Ribbed block;

[0028] 101. Upper conical shell; 102. Upper steering guide rail; 103. Upper round cover;

[0029] 201. Lower conical shell; 202. Lower steering guide rail; 203. Concave sieve;

[0030] 401. Cone body; 402. Spiral plate; 403. Axial guide rail; 404. Directional conveying and throwing arc plate; 405. Tail guide rail; 406. Directional diversion and throwing arc plate;

[0031] 4051. First tail guide rail; 4052. Second tail guide rail; 4053. Third tail guide rail. Specific embodiments

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, a corn cob directional feeding type threshing drum includes an upper housing 1, a lower housing 2, a drum shaft 3, a directional spiral feeding head 4, a threshing drum 5 and a ribbed block 6. The upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 are lidless housings, and the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 are detachably connected as a whole. The drum shaft 3 is arranged inside the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2, and the axis of the drum shaft 3 coincides with the axes of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2. A directional spiral feeding head 4 and a threshing drum 5 are fixedly arranged on the drum shaft 3, and a plurality of ribbed blocks 6 are evenly arranged on the threshing drum 5;

[0033] The upper housing 1 includes an upper conical shell 101, an upper orientation guide rail 102, and an upper round cover 103. The upper conical shell 101 is arranged on the upper round cover 103. The upper conical shell 101 is a three-sided bottomless shell after being cut in half. An upper orientation guide rail 102 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the upper conical shell 101. The cross-section of the upper orientation guide rail 102 is semi-circular, and the upper orientation guide rail 102 is spiral;

[0034] The lower housing 2 includes a lower conical shell 201, a lower orientation guide rail 202, and an intaglio screen 203. The lower conical shell 201 is arranged on the intaglio screen 203. The lower conical shell 201 has the same shape and size as the upper conical shell 101. A lower orientation guide rail 202 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the lower conical shell 201. The cross-section of the lower orientation guide rail 202 is semi-circular, and the lower orientation guide rail 202 is spiral. The pitch, number of threads, and lead of the lower orientation guide rail 202 are the same as those of the upper orientation guide rail 102. After assembling the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2, the upper orientation guide rail 102 and the lower orientation guide rail 202 form a closed spiral shape;

[0035] Specifically, the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 are arranged on the harvester frame. The roller shaft 3 is connected to the power output device of the harvester. The roller shaft 3 drives the spiral feeding head 4 and the threshing cylinder 5 to rotate. The rotating spiral feeding head 4 conveys the ear from the small-diameter part of the upper conical shell 101 and the lower conical shell 201 to the large-diameter part. When the ear collides with the upper orientation guide rail 102 and the lower orientation guide rail 202 of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2, an orientation-adjusting force is applied to the ear, and the attitude of the ear is changed and adjusted. Then, it enters the threshing area composed of the threshing cylinder 5, the upper round cover 103, and the intaglio screen 203 for threshing;

[0036] The directional spiral feeding head 4 includes a cone body 401, a spiral plate 402, an axial guide rail 403, a directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404, a tail guide rail 405, and a directional diversion and throwing arc plate 406. The spiral plate 402 is spirally wound on the cone body 401 from the small-diameter part to the large-diameter part. The unfolded shape of the spiral plate 402 is strip-shaped. There are two spiral plates 402 on the cone body 401 in total. Axial guide rails 403 are arranged on both the front and back sides of the spiral plate 402. Multiple axial guide rails 403 are evenly arranged on the spiral plate 402. The cross-section of the axial guide rail 403 is trapezoidal. The tail of the spiral plate 402 is connected with a directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404. The arc surface at the tail end of the directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404 is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder 5. A directional diversion and throwing arc plate 406 is arranged at the middle of the forward and reverse gaps of the directional conveying and throwing arc plates 404 at the tails of the two spiral plates 402. The arc surface at the tail end of the directional diversion and throwing arc plate 406 is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder 5. The thickness of the directional diversion and throwing arc plate 406 gradually increases from the small-diameter part to the large-diameter part of the cone body 401; A tail guide rail 405 is arranged between the directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404 and the directional diversion and throwing arc plate 406;

[0037] Specifically, the directional spiral feeding head 4 includes a conical body 401, a spiral plate 402, an axial guide rail 403, a directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404, a tail guide rail 405, a directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406. The spiral plate 402 is spirally wound on the conical body 401 from the small diameter to the large diameter. The unfolded shape of the spiral plate 402 is strip-shaped. There are two spiral plates 402 arranged on the conical body 401 in total. The rotating spiral plate 402 drives the ear to move from the small diameter to the large diameter. Axial guide rails 403 are arranged on both the front and back sides of the spiral plate 402. A plurality of axial guide rails 403 are evenly arranged on the spiral plate 402. Since the spiral plate 402 conveys the ear, the axial guide rails 403 come into contact with the ear multiple times during the conveying process, so that the ear is conveyed lying flat, realizing the adjustment of the direction. The cross-section of the axial guide rail 403 is trapezoidal. The trapezoidal axial guide rail 403 can increase the friction force with the ear, providing a greater force for adjusting the direction of the ear. The tail of the spiral plate 402 is connected with a directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404. The arc surfaces at the tails of the directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404 and the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 are parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder 5, and can throw the ears with adjusted directions into the threshing cylinder 5 parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder 5, realizing directional threshing. A directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 is arranged at the middle of the forward and reverse gaps of the directional conveying and throwing arc plates 404 at the tails of the two spiral plates 402. Adding the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 can shunt and throw the ears, realizing the uniform throwing and feeding of the ears to the threshing cylinder 5. The arc surface at the tail of the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder 5, and also realizes the directional feeding of the ears to the threshing cylinder 5. The thickness of the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 gradually increases from the small diameter to the large diameter of the conical body 401, avoiding the increased collision probability of the overly thick directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 at the front end, which affects the direction and the flow of the ears. A tail guide rail 405 is arranged between the directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404 and the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406. When the ears collide with each other and cannot be thrown along the directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404 or the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 and enter the gap between the two, the tail guide rail 405 can further adjust the direction of the ears.

[0038] The tail guide rail 405 includes a first tail guide rail 4051, a second tail guide rail 4052 and a third tail guide rail 4053. The cross-sections of the first tail guide rail 4051, the second tail guide rail 4052 and the third tail guide rail 4053 are all semi-circular. The first tail guide rail 4051 is parallel to the axis of the threshing cylinder 5. There is an included angle β between the second tail guide rail 4052 and the axis of the threshing cylinder 5, and the range of β is 2° - 5°. There is an included angle α between the third tail guide rail 4053 and the axis of the threshing cylinder 5, and the range of α is 5° - 8°.

[0039] Specifically, the included angles between the first tail guiding rail 4051, the second tail guiding rail 4052, and the third tail guiding rail 4053 and the axis of the threshing cylinder increase in sequence. According to the different positions of the first tail guiding rail 4051, the second tail guiding rail 4052, and the third tail guiding rail 4053, setting different included angles can ensure that the ears of corn at each position can receive different adjusting forces, realizing further direction correction of the ears of corn and achieving directional feeding of the ears of corn.

[0040] The upward guiding rail 102, the downward guiding rail 202, the axial guiding rail 403, and the tail guiding rail 405 are all made of rubber.

[0041] Specifically, the rubber material has a relatively large frictional force, which can better correct the orientation of the ears of corn. At the same time, it is a flexible material to avoid breaking the grains on the ears of corn.

[0042] The working principle and process of the present invention:

[0043] During use, the ears of corn are conveyed to the front end of the directional spiral feeding head 4 by other conveying devices. The rotating spiral plate 402 conveys the ears of corn from the small diameter of the cone body 401 to the large diameter. During the conveying process, the ears of corn contact the spiral plate 402 and the axial guiding rail 403 on the spiral plate 402, so that the ears of corn are conveyed flat by the spiral plate 402. At the same time, due to the action of centrifugal force, the ears of corn contact the upward guiding rail 102 and the downward guiding rail 202 on the upper conical shell 101 and the lower conical shell 201, so that the force that is not adjusted to lie flat by the axial guiding rail 403 receives a misorientation adjusting force, realizing the adjustment of the ears of corn. The ears of corn are shunted by the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406 and are directionally thrown to the threshing cylinder 5 through the directional conveying and throwing arc plate 404 and the directional shunting and throwing arc plate 406. If the direction of the ears of corn still needs to be accurately adjusted, the ears of corn can receive different adjusting forces at the tail guiding rail 405, realizing further direction correction of the ears of corn. At the same time, the tail guiding rail 405 can also limit the ears of corn with the adjusted direction to avoid the change of the direction of the ears of corn and achieve the most accurate directional feeding of the ears of corn.

[0044] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn cob directional feeding threshing drum, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper shell (1), a lower shell (2), a roller shaft (3), a directional screw feeding head (4), a threshing roller (5) and a grain rod block (6); the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2) are coverless shells; the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2) are detachably connected to form a whole; the roller shaft (3) is arranged in the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2); the axis of the roller shaft (3) coincides with the axis of the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2); the directional screw feeding head (4) and the threshing roller (5) are fixedly arranged on the roller shaft (3); and a plurality of grain rod blocks (6) are evenly arranged on the threshing roller (5); The directional spiral feeding head (4) comprises a cone (401), a spiral plate (402), an axial guide rail (403), a directional conveying arc plate (404), a tail guide rail (405), and a directional diversion arc plate (406). The spiral plate (402) is spirally wound on the cone (401) from a small diameter to a large diameter. The spiral plate (402) is in an extended shape. Two spiral plates (402) are arranged on the cone (401). Axial guide rails (403) are arranged on the front and back sides of the spiral plate (402). Multiple axial guide rails (403) are evenly arranged on the spiral plate (402). The cross section of the axial guide rail (403) is a ladder. The spiral plate (402) is connected to a directional conveying and throwing arc plate (404) at the tail end, the arc surface of the tail end of the directional conveying and throwing arc plate (404) is parallel to the axis of the threshing drum (5), and a directional flow-dividing and throwing arc plate (406) is arranged in the middle of the forward and reverse gaps between the directional conveying and throwing arc plates (404) at the tail ends of the two spiral plates (402), the arc surface of the tail end of the directional flow-dividing and throwing arc plate (406) is parallel to the axis of the threshing drum (5), and the thickness of the directional flow-dividing and throwing arc plate (406) gradually increases from the small diameter to the large diameter of the conical body (401); a tail guide rail (405) is arranged between the directional conveying and throwing arc plate (404) and the directional flow-dividing and throwing arc plate (406).

2. A corn cob directional feeding threshing drum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper shell (1) comprises an upper conical shell (101), an upper adjustment guide rail (102) and an upper circular cover (103); the upper conical shell (101) is arranged on the upper circular cover (103); the upper conical shell (101) is a three-sided bottomless shell that is cut in half; an upper adjustment guide rail (102) is arranged on the inner circumference of the upper conical shell (101); the cross section of the upper adjustment guide rail (102) is semicircular, and the upper adjustment guide rail (102) is spiral-shaped; The lower shell (2) comprises a lower conical shell (201), a lower adjustment guide rail (202) and a concave screen (203); the lower conical shell (201) is arranged on the concave screen (203); the lower conical shell (201) and the upper conical shell (101) are of the same shape and size; a lower adjustment guide rail (202) is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the lower conical shell (201); the lower adjustment guide rail (202) has a semicircular cross section; the lower adjustment guide rail (202) is spiral; the pitch, number of lines and lead of the lower adjustment guide rail (202) and the upper adjustment guide rail (102) are consistent; after the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2) are assembled, the upper adjustment guide rail (102) and the lower adjustment guide rail (202) form a closed spiral line shape.

3. A corn cob directional feeding threshing drum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tail guide rail (405) comprises a first tail guide rail (4051), a second tail guide rail (4052) and a third tail guide rail (4053); the first tail guide rail (4051), the second tail guide rail (4052) and the third tail guide rail (4053) are all semicircular in cross section; the first tail guide rail (4051) is parallel to the axis of the threshing drum (5); an angle β is formed between the second tail guide rail (4052) and the axis of the threshing drum (5); the range of β is 2° to 5°; the range of α is 5° to 8°.

4. A corn cob directional feeding threshing drum according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upward adjustment guide rail (102), the downward adjustment guide rail (202), the axial guide rail (403) and the tail guide rail (405) are all made of rubber.

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