Positioning and sizing grafting shears for large-fruit elm buds

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of grafting shears, in particular to a pair of positioning and sizing grafting shears for large fruit elm buds, which comprises a shear fork mechanism consisting of a movable knife handle, a fixed knife handle and a pin shaft, a cutter and a base plate which are respectively connected to the movable knife handle and the fixed knife handle, and a pressing plate which is connected to the pin shaft through a one-way coupler, the action of the pressing plate is controlled by the one-way coupler, and the one-way coupler allows the pressing plate to rotate along with the movable cutter handle so as to be close to the base plate and does not allow the pressing plate to rotate along with the movable cutter handle so as not to be away from the base plate. In the embodiment of the invention, when the cutter is close to the base plate, the pressing plate is in contact with the rootstock before the cutter, the rootstock is pushed to the valley bottom of the concave surface of the base plate so as to complete positioning of the rootstock, when the cutter is far away from the base plate, the pressing plate stops moving due to slipping of the one-way coupler, and the thickness of a scion between the pressing plate and the base plate is equal to that of the rootstock. The method can be used for sizing scions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of grafting shears, in particular to a pair of grafting shears for positioning and fixing sizing of elm buds. Background Art

[0002] The grafting methods of Ulmus pumila buds mainly include cleft grafting, cut grafting and bud grafting. Among them, the cleft grafting method requires cutting a spigot on the rootstock and a plug on the scion, and then connecting the spigots and plugs of the two branches, and making the cambium of the two branches tightly combined, and finally tying them tightly with plastic film or grafting tape.

[0003] When the thickness of the rootstock and the scion are similar, you can use grafting shears directly to cut out the socket and the plug. The grafting shears have a variety of cutting knives of different shapes, which can directly cut the branches and make the longitudinal section of the cut into V-shape, U-shape or Ω-shape.

[0004] When using the existing grafting shears, the user relies on visually measuring the thickness of the branch and aligning the center line of the branch with the center line of the cutting blade of the grafting shears by visually measuring, which is difficult for grafting beginners to use. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to provide a positioning and sizing grafting shear for buds of Ulmus macrocarpa, so as to solve the problem that the traditional grafting shears rely on the visual inspection of the user to ensure that the thickness of the branches is uniform and the cutting is centered.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A positioning and fixed-size grafting shear for elm buds comprises a scissor-fork mechanism consisting of a moving knife handle, a fixed knife handle and a pin shaft, and a cutting knife and a pad connected to the moving knife handle and the fixed knife handle respectively, and also comprises a pressing plate connected to the pin shaft through a one-way coupling, the pressing plate is opposite to the pad plate, and the pad plate has an arc-shaped concave surface on a side facing the pressing plate, the movement of the pressing plate is controlled by the one-way coupling, the one-way coupling allows the pressing plate to rotate with the moving knife handle to approach the pad plate, and at the same time does not allow the pressing plate to rotate with the moving knife handle to move away from the pad plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the one-way coupling includes a base, a rotating part and an operating part, wherein the rotating part is rotatably connected to the base, and when the operating part is not operated, the rotating part can rotate in one direction, and when the operating part is operated, the rotating part can rotate in both directions, wherein the base is fixedly connected to the movable tool handle, the rotating part is coaxial with the pin shaft, and the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the rotating part.

[0009] Furthermore, the base includes a first shaft fixedly connected to the movable tool handle, the rotating part includes a second shaft fixedly connected to the pressure plate, the first shaft is coaxially arranged with the pin shaft and fixedly connected to the movable tool handle, the second shaft is rotatably connected to the first shaft, and the second shaft is fixedly connected to the pressure plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the base also includes a ratchet portion fixedly connected to the movable tool handle, the rotating portion also includes a pawl portion axially slidably connected to the pressure plate, and the operating portion includes a spring and a handle, the elastic force of the spring drives the pawl portion and the ratchet portion to approach each other and connect to each other, and when the handle is operated, the elastic force of the spring is overcome to separate the pawl portion and the ratchet portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the ratchet part and the pawl part are both in the shape of a disc with a tooth surface, the spring connects the pawl part and the pressure plate, and the elastic force of the spring drives the pawl part to move axially, so that the tooth surfaces of the ratchet part and the pawl part fit each other, and both of the tooth surfaces have a number of teeth inclined in the same direction, so that the ratchet part and the pawl part mesh with each other when rotating in one direction, and slip against each other when rotating in the other direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the ratchet portion includes a coaxial first polygonal column, which is embeddedly connected to the movable tool handle, and the pawl portion includes a coaxial second polygonal column, which is slidably connected to the pressure plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the second polygonal column has a threaded hole, the handle has a threaded column, the handle is spirally connected to the second polygonal column, and when the handle moves axially, the spring is compressed and the pawl part is separated from the ratchet part.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the pressure plate away from the one-way coupling is connected to a rotatable pressure wheel, and the pressure wheel is star-shaped.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a knife seat fixedly connected to the fixed knife handle, the cutter is slidably connected to the knife seat, and the sliding direction of the cutter is perpendicular to the pad, the cutter is connected to the movable knife handle through a cam mechanism, and the cam mechanism is used to convert the circular motion of the movable knife handle into the linear motion of the cutter.

[0016] Furthermore, the knife holder has an opening for inserting branches and a slot for inserting the cutter, the cutter is arranged on one side of the opening and is slidably connected to the slot, the pad is arranged on the side of the opening opposite to the cutter, and is detachably connected to the knife holder, the cam mechanism includes a sliding column and a sliding groove, the sliding column is fixedly connected to the movable knife handle, the sliding groove is arranged on the cutter, the sliding groove is perpendicular to the slot, and the sliding column is arranged inside the sliding groove.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the cutting knife approaches the pad, the pressing plate also approaches the pad, and the pressing plate contacts the stock before the cutting knife, and the stock is pushed to the bottom of the concave surface of the pad, thereby completing the positioning of the stock. When the cutting knife moves away from the pad, the pressing plate stops moving due to the slipping of the one-way coupling, so that the pressing plate stays in the current position. At this time, the tip of the scion is inserted between the pressing plate and the pad, and when the thickness of the scion between the pressing plate and the pad is equal to the thickness of the stock, the scion stops moving due to the friction between the pressing plate and the pad, thereby completing the sizing of the scion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A rear view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction;

[0023] Figure 4 A front view of the working state of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A rear view of the working state of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention from one viewing angle;

[0026] Figure 7 An assembly diagram of a one-way coupling from one perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of another viewing angle of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 An assembly diagram of a knife holder from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 is an assembly diagram of a cutter from another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] The numbers in the figure represent the following:

[0031] 1-scissor mechanism; 11-moving knife handle; 12-fixed knife handle; 13-pin shaft; 14-scissor blade; 2-cutter; 21-slider; 22-blade; 3-pad; 31-concave surface; 4-one-way coupling; 41-base; 411-first axis; 412-ratchet part; 413-first polygonal column; 42-rotating part; 421-second axis; 422-ratchet part; 423-second polygonal column; 43-operating part; 431-spring; 432-handle; 5-pressing plate; 51-pressing wheel; 6-knife seat; 61-opening; 62-slot; 7-cam mechanism; 71-sliding column; 72-slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] When using the existing grafting shears, the user relies on visually measuring the thickness of the branch and aligning the center line of the branch with the center line of the cutting blade of the grafting shears by visually measuring, which is difficult for grafting beginners to use.

[0034] The idea to solve this problem is to integrate a grafting auxiliary device on the grafting shears, which can help the staff find the same thickness parts of the rootstock and the scion. At the same time, when the staff operates the grafting shears for cutting, the center line of the branch can be aligned with the center line of the cutting knife of the grafting shears, and only one hand is needed for operation.

[0035] In order to achieve the above purpose, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The following provides a positioning and sizing grafting shear for Elm buds. The positioning and sizing grafting shears also include a scissor-fork mechanism 1 composed of a moving knife handle 11, a fixed knife handle 12, and a pin 13, as well as a cutter 2 and a pad 3 respectively connected to the moving knife handle 11 and the fixed knife handle 12. The difference between the shears and the existing grafting shears is that a positioning and sizing assistant is additionally integrated. The positioning and sizing assistant includes a pressing plate 5 connected to the pin 13 through a one-way coupling 4. On the grafting shears, the pressing plate 5 is opposite to the pad 3, and the pad 3 has an arc-shaped concave surface 31 on one side facing the pressing plate 5. The movement of the pressing plate 5 is controlled by the one-way coupling 4. The one-way coupling 4 allows the pressing plate 5 to rotate with the moving knife handle 11 to approach the pad 3, and does not allow the pressing plate 5 to rotate with the moving knife handle 11 to move away from the pad 3.

[0036] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 When the cutter 2 approaches the pad 3, the pressing plate 5 pushes the branch to the bottom of the concave surface 31, thereby providing the function of positioning the branch for the current cutting action. When the cutter 2 moves away from the pad 3, the pressing plate 5 stays at the current position, and the gap between the pressing plate 5 and the pad 3 is equal to the diameter of the branch, thereby providing the function of fixing the length of the branch for the next cutting action.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The one-way coupling 4 includes a base 41, a rotating part 42 and an operating part 43. The rotating part 42 is rotatably connected to the base 41, and when the operating part 43 is not operated, the rotating part 42 can rotate in one direction, and when the operating part 43 is operated, the rotating part 42 can rotate in both directions, wherein the base 41 is arranged at the pin shaft 13 of the grafting shears and is fixedly connected to the movable knife handle 11, the rotating part 42 is coaxial with the pin shaft 13, and the pressure plate 5 is fixedly connected to the rotating part 42.

[0038] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 When the cutter 2 approaches the backing plate 3, the pressing plate 5 also approaches the backing plate 3, and the pressing plate 5 contacts the rootstock before the cutter 2, and the rootstock is pushed to the bottom of the concave surface 31 of the backing plate 3, thereby completing the positioning of the rootstock.

[0039] When the cutter 2 moves away from the pad 3, the pressing plate 5 stops moving due to the slipping of the one-way coupling 4, so that the pressing plate 5 stays at the current position. At this time, the tip of the scion is inserted between the pressing plate 5 and the pad 3. When the thickness of the scion between the pressing plate 5 and the pad 3 is equal to the thickness of the rootstock, the scion stops moving due to the friction between the pressing plate 5 and the pad 3, thereby completing the sizing of the scion.

[0040] For further reference, Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The base 41 includes a first shaft 411 fixedly connected to the movable knife handle 11, and the rotating part 42 includes a second shaft 421 fixedly connected to the pressure plate 5. The first shaft 411 is coaxially arranged with the pin shaft 13 of the grafting shears and is fixedly connected to the movable knife handle 11. The second shaft 421 is rotatably connected to the first shaft 411, and the second shaft 421 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 5, so that the pressure plate 5 can rotate around the pin shaft 13 of the grafting shears.

[0041] The base 41 also includes a ratchet portion 412 fixedly connected to the movable tool handle 11, the rotating portion 42 also includes a pawl portion 422 that can be axially slidably connected to the pressure plate 5, and the operating portion 43 includes a spring 431 and a handle 432. The elastic force of the spring 431 drives the pawl portion 422 and the ratchet portion 412 to approach each other and connect to each other. When the handle 432 is operated, the elastic force of the spring 431 is overcome to separate the pawl portion 422 and the ratchet portion 412.

[0042] The ratchet portion 412 and the pawl portion 422 refer to components having the functions of a ratchet and a pawl, and do not mean that the shapes of the two are limited to a ratchet and a pawl.

[0043] In this embodiment, reference Figure 3 and Figure 7 The ratchet portion 412 and the pawl portion 422 are both in the shape of discs with toothed surfaces. The spring 431 connects the pawl portion 422 and the pressure plate 5. The elastic force of the spring 431 drives the pawl portion 422 to move axially, so that the toothed surfaces of the two discs fit each other. Both toothed surfaces have a number of teeth inclined in the same direction, so that the two discs mesh in one direction and slip in the other direction.

[0044] The ratchet portion 412 includes a coaxial first polygonal column 413, which is interlockingly connected to the movable tool handle 11, so that the movable tool handle 11 transmits torque to the ratchet portion 412 when it rotates. The pawl portion 422 includes a coaxial second polygonal column 423, which is slidably connected to the pressure plate 5, so that the pawl portion 422 transmits torque to the pressure plate 5 when it rotates.

[0045] The second polygonal column 423 has a threaded hole, the handle 432 has a threaded column, and the handle 432 is spirally connected to the second polygonal column 423. When the staff pulls out the handle 432, the spring 431 is compressed, and the pawl part 422 is separated from the ratchet part 412, so that the pressure plate 5 can be reset.

[0046] Furthermore, since the branches are not standard circles, the three-point contact between the pressing plate 5 and the pad 3 and the branches is difficult to well constrain the position of the branches. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The end of the pressure plate 5 away from the one-way coupling 4 is connected to a rotatable pressure wheel 51, which is star-shaped and is used to improve the contact between the pressure plate 5 and the tree branch, changing the three-point contact between the pressure plate 5 and the pad 3 and the tree branch into a four-point contact between the pressure wheel 51 and the pad 3.

[0047] For the structure of the grafting shears themselves, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 .

[0048] The grafting shears include a scissor-fork mechanism 1 , a knife seat 6 , a cutting knife 2 and a backing plate 3 . The scissor-fork mechanism 1 includes a movable knife handle 11 , a fixed knife handle 12 and a pin shaft 13 .

[0049] The cutter 2 and the backing plate 3 are respectively connected to the movable handle 11 and the fixed handle 12, and when the movable handle 11 and the fixed handle 12 are operated, they approach each other, thereby cutting off the branches between the cutter 2 and the backing plate 3, wherein the cross section of the cutter 2 is V-shaped, U-shaped or Ω-shaped, so that the longitudinal section of the branch where it is cut is V-shaped, U-shaped or Ω-shaped.

[0050] The knife seat 6 and the pad 3 are both connected to the fixed knife handle 12, the cutter 2 is slidably connected to the knife seat 6, and the sliding direction of the cutter 2 is perpendicular to the pad 3, the cutter 2 is connected to the movable knife handle 11 through a cam mechanism 7, and the cam mechanism 7 is used to convert the circular motion of the movable knife handle 11 into the linear motion of the cutter 2, so that the cutter 2 cuts the branches vertically.

[0051] Among them, the knife seat 6 has an opening 61 for inserting branches, and a slot 62 for inserting the cutter 2. The cutter 2 is arranged on one side of the opening 61 and is slidably connected to the slot 62. The pad 3 is arranged on the side of the opening 61 opposite to the cutter 2 and is detachably connected to the knife seat 6. The cam mechanism 7 includes a sliding column 71 and a sliding groove 72. The sliding column 71 is fixedly connected to the movable knife handle 11, and the sliding groove 72 is arranged on the cutter 2. The sliding groove 72 is perpendicular to the slot 62, and the sliding column 71 is arranged inside the sliding groove 72.

[0052] When the movable knife handle 11 is operated, the sliding column 71 performs a circular motion around the pin shaft 13, and the sliding column 71 slides inside the sliding groove 72, pushing the cutter 2 to move linearly along the slot 62 through the sliding groove 72, so that the cutter 2 vertically passes through the opening 61 to contact the pad 3, and cuts off the branch inside the opening 61.

[0053] In addition, reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10The knife seat 6 is detachably connected to the fixed knife handle 12, a slot 62 is formed between the knife seat 6 and the fixed knife handle 12, the cutter 2 includes a slider 21 and a blade 22, the slider 21 is slidably connected to the slot 62, the blade 22 is detachably connected to the slider 21, and the user can replace the blade 22 as needed. One end of the movable knife handle 11 and the fixed knife handle 12 are respectively connected to two opposite scissor blades 22 (14), so that the grafting shears can also be used for conventional shearing.

[0054] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and sizing grafting shear for buds of Elm macrocarpa, characterized in that: The invention comprises a scissor-fork mechanism (1) composed of a movable knife handle (11), a fixed knife handle (12) and a pin shaft (13), and a cutter (2) and a pad (3) respectively connected to the movable knife handle (11) and the fixed knife handle (12), and also comprises a pressure plate (5) connected to the pin shaft (13) through a one-way coupling (4), wherein the pressure plate (5) is opposite to the pad (3), and the pad (3) has an arc-shaped concave surface (31) on a side facing the pressure plate (5), and the movement of the pressure plate (5) is controlled by the one-way coupling (4), and the one-way coupling (4) allows the pressure plate (5) to rotate with the movable knife handle (11) so as to approach the pad (3), and does not allow the pressure plate (5) to rotate with the movable knife handle (11) so as to move away from the pad (3).

2. The method for positioning and sizing grafting scissors for buds of Ulmus macrocarpa according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way coupling (4) comprises a base (41), a rotating part (42) and an operating part (43), wherein the rotating part (42) is rotatably connected to the base (41), and when the operating part (43) is not operated, the rotating part (42) can rotate in one direction, and when the operating part (43) is operated, the rotating part (42) can rotate in both directions, wherein the base (41) is fixedly connected to the movable tool handle (11), the rotating part (42) is coaxial with the pin shaft (13), and the pressure plate (5) is fixedly connected to the rotating part (42).

3. The positioning and sizing grafting shears for Ulmus macrocarpa buds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (41) includes a first shaft (411) fixedly connected to the movable tool handle (11), and the rotating part (42) includes a second shaft (421) fixedly connected to the pressure plate (5), the first shaft (411) is coaxially arranged with the pin shaft (13) and fixedly connected to the movable tool handle (11), the second shaft (421) is rotatably connected to the first shaft (411), and the second shaft (421) is fixedly connected to the pressure plate (5).

4. The method for positioning and fixing the sizing grafting shears for buds of Ulmus macrocarpa according to claim 3, characterized in that: The base (41) also includes a ratchet portion (412) fixedly connected to the movable knife handle (11), the rotating portion (42) also includes a pawl portion (422) axially slidably connected to the pressure plate (5), and the operating portion (43) includes a spring (431) and a handle (432), the elastic force of the spring (431) drives the pawl portion (422) and the ratchet portion (412) to approach each other and connect to each other, and when the handle (432) is operated, it overcomes the elastic force of the spring (431) so that the pawl portion (422) and the ratchet portion (412) are separated.

5. The method for positioning and fixing the sizing of elm buds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratchet part (412) and the pawl part (422) are both in the shape of a disc with toothed surfaces. The spring (431) connects the pawl part (422) and the pressure plate (5). The elastic force of the spring (431) drives the pawl part (422) to move axially, so that the toothed surfaces of the ratchet part (412) and the pawl part (422) fit each other. Both toothed surfaces have a plurality of teeth inclined in the same direction, so that the ratchet part (412) and the pawl part (422) mesh with each other when rotating in one direction, and slip against each other when rotating in the other direction.

6. The method for positioning and fixing the sizing of Ulmus pumila buds according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratchet portion (412) includes a coaxial first polygonal column (413), which is engaged with the movable tool handle (11); the pawl portion (422) includes a coaxial second polygonal column (423), which is slidably connected to the pressure plate (5).

7. The method for positioning and fixing the sizing of elm buds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second polygonal column (423) has a threaded hole, the handle (432) has a threaded column, the handle (432) is spirally connected to the second polygonal column (423), and when the handle (432) moves axially, the spring (431) is compressed, and the pawl part (422) is separated from the ratchet part (412).

8. The Ulmus macrocarpa bud positioning and fixed-size grafting shears according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the pressure plate (5) away from the one-way coupling (4) is connected to a rotatable pressure wheel (51), and the pressure wheel (51) is star-shaped.

9. A positioning and fixed-size grafting shear for Ulmus macrocarpa buds according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a knife seat (6) fixedly connected to the fixed knife handle (12); the cutter (2) is slidably connected to the knife seat (6); the sliding direction of the cutter (2) is perpendicular to the backing plate (3); the cutter (2) is connected to the movable knife handle (11) via a cam mechanism (7); the cam mechanism (7) is used to convert the circular motion of the movable knife handle (11) into the linear motion of the cutter (2).

10. The Ulmus macrocarpa bud positioning and fixed-length grafting shears according to claim 9, characterized in that: The knife seat (6) is provided with an opening (61) for inserting a branch, and a slot (62) for inserting the cutter (2); the cutter (2) is arranged on one side of the opening (61) and is slidably connected to the slot (62); the pad (3) is arranged on the side of the opening (61) opposite to the cutter (2) and is detachably connected to the knife seat (6); the cam mechanism (7) comprises a sliding column (71) and a sliding groove (72); the sliding column (71) is fixedly connected to the movable knife handle (11); the sliding groove (72) is arranged on the cutter (2); the sliding groove (72) is perpendicular to the slot (62); and the sliding column (71) is arranged inside the sliding groove (72).

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