Planting method capable of improving quality and taste of muskmelons and increasing benefits

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a planting method capable of improving the quality and taste of muskmelons and increasing benefits, which comprises the following steps: S1, soil management: selecting a muskmelon variety with high sugar content, strong disease resistance and good adaptability, ploughing soil before planting, and applying an organic fertilizer which comprises thoroughly decomposed chicken manure and pig manure; s2, staggered single-row close planting: planting one row of muskmelons in advance, and controlling the planting density of the row to be 20-25cm; s3, the other row is planted in a delayed mode, wherein when the early planting row grows for 45-48 days and pollination of the first crop of melons is completed. According to the method, a staggered-row single-row close planting mode is pushed, the high-light illumination time is prolonged, the melon seedling photosynthesis effect is improved, the melon quality and yield are improved, high-light illumination of two rows of planted melon seedlings does not affect each other, the high-light illumination time in the melon growing period is prolonged, the photosynthesis effect of the melon seedlings is enhanced, the melon quality, taste and yield are improved, and the supply period of a crop of melons is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, and in particular to a planting method capable of improving the quality and taste of melons and increasing the benefits. Background Art

[0002] The current planting mode of melon series varieties: two rows are arranged in parallel as a sequence, the distance between the two rows is 45cm, the distance between trees is 45cm-50cm, and the two rows are planted at the same time, with 1800-2000 trees per mu. The sequence spacing is 80cm-90cm, and production personnel walk through it for daily management and watering. When the melon vines grow to a height of 1600cm-1800cm after about 40-45 days, the inner melon vine leaves between the two rows block the sunlight from each other, and strong light can only be applied for 3 hours a day from 10:30 to 13:30 at noon. Normal strong light exposure is 6 hours a day from 9:00 to 15:00. In this way, the strong light exposure time is reduced by more than 3 hours a day during the more than 50-day melon vine growth period, which seriously affects the light and function of the melon vine growth period.

[0003] The nutrients of fruits and vegetables are mainly converted from leaves. The more leaves receive sunlight, the more nutrients are converted and transported to fruits and vegetables. The entire growth period of melon vines is about 90 days, and there are more than 50 days and 150 hours of strong light. The significant reduction in strong light exposure time seriously affects the photosynthesis of melon vines, delays the maturity of fruits and vegetables, and affects the appearance, quality and taste of melons.

[0004] Therefore, we made improvements and proposed a planting method that can improve the quality, taste and increase benefits of melons. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problem that the substantial reduction in the strong light illumination time during the current traditional planting seriously affects the light and humidity effect of the melon vines, delays the maturity period of the melons and fruits, and affects the formation of the melon appearance, melon quality and taste.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a planting method that can improve the quality and taste of melons and increase the benefits, so as to improve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] The specific application is as follows:

[0008] A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and benefits comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Soil management: Select melon varieties with high sugar content, strong disease resistance and good adaptability, till the soil before planting, and apply organic fertilizers, including decomposed chicken manure and pig manure;

[0010] S2. Single row dense planting at different times: Plant one row of melons first, and control the planting density of the row to a spacing of 20cm-25cm;

[0011] S3. Delayed planting of another row: When the first planted row grows to 45-48 days and one crop of melons is pollinated, plant the second row in the adjacent position, with a planting density of 20cm-25cm between trees;

[0012] S4. Staged harvest management: When the second row of melon vines grows to a height of 1600cm-1800cm, the first row of melons planted earlier has entered the maturity period. At this time, the first row is harvested and the melon vines are removed to ensure that the second row of melon vines receive light without obstruction during the growth period;

[0013] S5. Water management: Control the water supply during the melon ripening period and avoid overwatering. Stop watering about 10 days before the melon matures. The soil moisture during the ripening period should be maintained at 55%-65% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, in step S1, 2000-3000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure is applied per mu.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the use of nitrogen fertilizer is reduced during the fruit expansion and ripening stages.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the spacing between two parallel rows of plants is 80cm-90cm, the plants in the row are arranged in a straight line, and operation channels are reserved between the sequences for daily management and irrigation.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, it also includes step S6, pest control: using a combination of biological control and physical control to kill insects on the melon.

[0018] As the preferred technical solution of this application, physical control in pest control includes the following steps:

[0019] A1. Yellow sticky insect board: Using the tendency of pests to move towards yellow, yellow sticky insect boards are set up to attract and capture pests, including but not limited to aphids and whiteflies;

[0020] A2. Sex attractants: Use sex attractants to attract adult pests and reduce their reproduction.

[0021] As the preferred technical solution of this application, biological control in pest control includes the following steps:

[0022] B1. Introducing natural enemies: releasing predatory insects, including but not limited to ladybugs and spiders, to control the number of pests;

[0023] B2. Microbial preparations: Use insecticidal fungi, bacterial biopesticides, and Bacillus thuringiensis to control pests;

[0024] B3. Botanical pesticides: pesticides made from plant extracts and natural compounds, including but not limited to matrine and azadirachtin.

[0025] As the preferred technical solution of this application, chemical control in pest control includes the following steps:

[0026] C1. Scientific application of pesticides: determine the time and method of application of pesticides according to the living habits and occurrence patterns of pests;

[0027] C2. Establish a monitoring system to keep abreast of pest occurrence trends.

[0028] As the preferred technical solution of this application, agricultural control in pest control includes the following steps:

[0029] D1. Rational fertilization: Apply organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer to enhance the disease resistance of plants;

[0030] D2. Watering at the right time: maintain soil moisture, avoid excessive or insufficient water, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests;

[0031] D3. Farm hygiene: Remove weeds and diseased plants in the field in a timely manner to reduce the spread of diseases and pests.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] In the scheme of this application:

[0034] 1. In order to solve the problem in the prior art that the strong light illumination time is greatly reduced during traditional planting, which seriously affects the light and effect of melon vines, delays the maturity of melons and fruits, and affects the formation of melon appearance, melon quality and taste, the present application promotes a staggered single-row dense planting mode to extend the strong light illumination time, increase the light and effect of melon vines, and improve the quality and yield of melons and fruits. The strong light illumination of two rows of melon vines does not affect each other, which extends the strong light illumination time during the growth period of melons, enhances the light and effect of melon vines, improves the quality, taste and yield of melons, and extends the supply period of a crop of melons;

[0035] 2. The present application prolongs the light to promote sugar conversion and melon development, thereby increasing the soluble solids content of melons, significantly increasing the firmness of the pulp and flavor substances, forming a more ideal net-shaped appearance and crispy and sweet taste. Through dense planting and staggered management, the yield per unit area is increased. At the same time, due to the staggered maturity period, the first crop is harvested 15 days earlier and the second crop is harvested 15 days later, which extends the supply period and increases the economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the principle provided by this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] As described in the background art, the substantial reduction in strong light exposure time during traditional planting has seriously affected the light and humidity of melon vines, delayed the maturity of melons and fruits, and affected the formation of melon appearance, melon quality and taste.

[0039] In order to solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a planting method which can improve the quality and taste of melons and increase the benefits, and is applied in the field of agricultural planting.

[0040] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 A planting method for improving the quality and taste of melons and increasing their benefits comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. Soil management: Select melon varieties with high sugar content, strong disease resistance and good adaptability, till the soil before planting, and apply organic fertilizers, including decomposed chicken manure and pig manure;

[0042] By tilling the soil, the soil's air permeability and water retention capacity can be increased.

[0043] S2. Single row dense planting at different times: Plant one row of melons first, and control the planting density of the row to a spacing of 20cm-25cm;

[0044] S3. Delayed planting of another row: When the first planted row grows to 45-48 days and one crop of melons is pollinated, plant the second row in the adjacent position, with a planting density of 20cm-25cm between trees;

[0045] S4. Staged harvest management: When the second row of melon vines grows to a height of 1600cm-1800cm, the first row of melons planted earlier has entered the maturity period. At this time, the first row is harvested and the melon vines are removed to ensure that the second row of melon vines receive light without obstruction during the growth period;

[0046] S5. Water management: Control the water supply during the melon ripening period and avoid overwatering. Stop watering about 10 days before the melon matures. The soil moisture during the ripening period should be maintained at 55%-65% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field.

[0047] This application promotes a staggered single-row dense planting mode to extend the strong light exposure time, increase the light and illumination effect of the melon vines, and improve the quality and yield of melons and fruits. The strong light exposure of the two rows of melon vines does not affect each other, which extends the strong light exposure time during the melon growing period, enhances the light and illumination effect of the melon vines, improves the quality, taste and yield of the melons, and extends the supply period of a crop of melons.

[0048] Embodiment 1, a planting method for improving the quality and taste of melons and increasing the benefits, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. Soil management: Select melon varieties with high sugar content, strong disease resistance and good adaptability, till the soil before planting, and apply organic fertilizers, including decomposed chicken manure and pig manure;

[0050] By tilling the soil, the soil's air permeability and water retention capacity can be increased.

[0051] S2. Single row dense planting at different times: Plant one row of melons first, and control the planting density of the row to a spacing of 20 cm;

[0052] S3, delayed planting of another row: when the first planted row grows to 45 days and one crop of melons is pollinated, the second row is planted in the adjacent position, and the planting density of the second row is 20 cm between trees;

[0053] S4. Staged harvest management: When the second row of melon vines grows to a height of 1,600 cm, the first row of melons planted earlier has entered the maturity period. At this time, the first row is harvested and the melon vines are removed to ensure that the second row of melon vines receive light without obstruction during the growth period;

[0054] S5. Water management: Control the water supply during the melon ripening period and avoid overwatering. Stop watering about 10 days before the melon matures. The soil moisture during the ripening period should be maintained at 55% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field.

[0055] In step S1, 2000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure is applied per mu.

[0056] Reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer during the fruit expansion and ripening period.

[0057] The spacing between two parallel rows is 80 cm, and the plants in the row are arranged in a straight line. Operation channels are reserved between the sequences for daily management and irrigation.

[0058] Example 2, a planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1. Soil management: Select melon varieties with high sugar content, strong disease resistance and good adaptability, till the soil before planting, and apply organic fertilizers, including decomposed chicken manure and pig manure;

[0060] By tilling the soil, the soil's air permeability and water retention capacity can be increased.

[0061] S2. Single row dense planting at different times: Plant one row of melons first, and control the planting density of the row to a spacing of 25 cm;

[0062] S3, delayed planting of another row: when the first planted row grows to 48 days and one crop of melons is pollinated, the second row is planted in the adjacent position, and the planting density of the second row is 25 cm between trees;

[0063] S4. Staged harvest management: When the second row of melon vines grows to a height of 1800 cm, the first row of melons planted earlier has entered the maturity period. At this time, the first row is harvested and the melon vines are removed to ensure that the second row of melon vines receive light without obstruction during the growth period;

[0064] S5. Water management: Control the water supply during the melon ripening period and avoid overwatering. Stop watering about 10 days before the melon matures. The soil moisture during the ripening period should be maintained at 65% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field.

[0065] In step S1, 3,000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure is applied per mu.

[0066] Reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer during the fruit expansion and ripening period.

[0067] The spacing between two parallel rows is 90 cm, and the plants in the row are arranged in a straight line. Operation channels are reserved between the sequences for daily management and irrigation.

[0068] Embodiment 3, a planting method that can improve the quality and taste of melons and increase the benefits, also includes step S6, pest control: using a combination of biological control and physical control methods to treat the melons with insecticides.

[0069] Physical control in pest control includes the following steps:

[0070] A1. Yellow sticky insect board: Using the tendency of pests to move towards yellow, yellow sticky insect boards are set up to attract and capture pests, including but not limited to aphids and whiteflies;

[0071] A2. Sex attractants: Use sex attractants to attract adult pests and reduce their reproduction.

[0072] Biological control in pest management includes the following steps:

[0073] B1. Introducing natural enemies: releasing predatory insects, including but not limited to ladybugs and spiders, to control the number of pests;

[0074] B2. Microbial preparations: Use insecticidal fungi, bacterial biopesticides, and Bacillus thuringiensis to control pests;

[0075] B3. Botanical pesticides: pesticides made from plant extracts and natural compounds, including but not limited to matrine and azadirachtin.

[0076] Chemical control in pest control includes the following steps:

[0077] C1. Scientific application of pesticides: determine the time and method of application of pesticides according to the living habits and occurrence patterns of pests;

[0078] C2. Establish a monitoring system to keep abreast of pest occurrence trends.

[0079] Agricultural control in pest control includes the following steps:

[0080] D1. Watering at the right time: maintain soil moisture, avoid excessive or insufficient water, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests;

[0081] D2. Farm hygiene: Remove weeds and diseased plants in the field in a timely manner to reduce the spread of diseases and pests.

[0082] By combining biological control with physical control, insect pests can be effectively eliminated, the use of chemical pesticides can be reduced, residues in soil, water and air can be avoided, the risk of pollution can be reduced, surrounding biodiversity can be protected, and ecological balance can be maintained. The fruit tastes purer and has higher nutritional value, meeting consumers' demand for green and healthy food. Biological control introduces natural enemies such as ladybugs and parasitic wasps to form a natural control chain, reduce the frequency of human intervention, reduce long-term prevention and control costs, reduce soil compaction and water eutrophication, and improve the microecological environment of farmland.

[0083] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned specific embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A planting method for improving the quality and taste of melons and increasing the benefits, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Soil management: Select melon varieties with high sugar content, strong disease resistance and good adaptability, till the soil before planting, and apply organic fertilizers, including decomposed chicken manure and pig manure; S2. Single row dense planting at different times: Plant one row of melons first, and control the planting density of the row to a spacing of 20cm-25cm; S3. Delayed planting of another row: When the first planted row grows to 45-48 days and one crop of melons is pollinated, plant the second row in the adjacent position, with a planting density of 20cm-25cm between trees; S4. Staged harvest management: When the second row of melon vines grows to a height of 1600cm-1800cm, the first row of melons planted earlier has entered the maturity period. At this time, the first row is harvested and the melon vines are removed to ensure that the second row of melon vines receive light without obstruction during the growth period; S5. Water management: Control the water supply during the melon ripening period and avoid overwatering. Stop watering about 10 days before the melon matures. The soil moisture during the ripening period should be maintained at 55%-65% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field.

2. A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, 2000-3000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure is applied per mu.

3. A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method reduces the use of nitrogen fertilizer during the fruit expansion and ripening stages.

4. A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing between two parallel rows is 80cm-90cm, the plants in the row are arranged in a straight line, and operation channels are reserved between the sequences for daily management and irrigation.

5. A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S6, pest control: using a combination of biological control and physical control to kill insects on the melons.

6. A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency according to claim 5, characterized in that: Physical control in pest control includes the following steps: A1. Yellow sticky insect board: Using the tendency of pests to move towards yellow, yellow sticky insect boards are set up to attract and capture pests, including but not limited to aphids and whiteflies; A2. Sex attractants: Use sex attractants to attract adult pests and reduce their reproduction.

7. A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency according to claim 6, characterized in that: Biological control in pest management includes the following steps: B1. Introducing natural enemies: releasing predatory insects, including but not limited to ladybugs and spiders, to control the number of pests; B2. Microbial preparations: Use insecticidal fungi, bacterial biopesticides, and Bacillus thuringiensis to control pests; B3. Botanical pesticides: pesticides made from plant extracts and natural compounds, including but not limited to matrine and azadirachtin.

8. A planting method for improving melon quality, taste and efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that: Chemical control in pest control includes the following steps: C1. Scientific application of pesticides: determine the time and method of application of pesticides according to the living habits and occurrence patterns of pests; C2. Establish a monitoring system to keep abreast of pest occurrence trends.

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