Water retention device and system suitable for plant cultivation in arid region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a water retention device and system suitable for plant planting in arid regions, comprising a planting layer for planting plants, a heat insulation layer fixedly connected below the planting layer and used for insulating heat, and a covering layer fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat insulation layer and used for reducing water evaporation. The bottom of the covering layer is fixedly connected with a water storage frame for collecting water; a plurality of capillary tubes are communicated in the water storage frame; the top ends of the capillary tubes are communicated with the planting layer; the water storage frame further communicates with a collecting pipe used for collecting rainwater. The planting layer is provided with a sunshade assembly used for adjusting the sunshade area according to the weather temperature, a supply assembly used for adjusting the water supply amount according to the weather temperature and an auxiliary assembly used for promoting plant growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular to a water-retaining device and system suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas. Background Art

[0002] In arid areas, annual precipitation is often far lower than evaporation, and water resources are extremely scarce; high temperature causes rapid evaporation of soil moisture, making it difficult for plants to obtain enough water; soil in arid areas usually lacks organic matter and nutrients and has poor water retention capacity; the air in arid areas has low water vapor content, resulting in rapid heating by solar radiation during the day and rapid cooling by ground radiation at night, a huge temperature difference between day and night, and excessive solar radiation during the day; these factors make arid areas unfavorable for plant growth.

[0003] The water-retaining device in the prior art, such as CN 111972171 A, uses a water-retaining bag and nutrient soil to store water, which is beneficial to the growth of plants. However, the promotion effect of promoting plant growth by only helping plants store water is poor. Plants may still dry up and wither due to excessive solar radiation, causing rapid evaporation of water.

[0004] In summary, how to solve the problem that the existing technology only relies on helping plants store water to promote plant growth, but the promotion effect is poor, and the plants may still evaporate water quickly due to excessive solar radiation, and the plants will dry up and wither. It has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved in the current field. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a more reasonable water retention device and system suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a water retention device and system suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas. Through the design of a multi-layer structure, multi-level water storage is performed; while helping plants to store water, water evaporation is reduced, and at the same time, the shading area and water supply are automatically adjusted according to the weather temperature, thereby effectively optimizing the growth environment of plants and promoting plant growth.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a water-retaining device suitable for planting plants in arid areas, comprising a planting layer for planting plants, a heat-insulating layer for isolating heat is fixedly connected below the planting layer, a covering layer for reducing water evaporation is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat-insulating layer, and a water storage frame for collecting water is fixedly connected to the bottom of the covering layer; a plurality of capillaries are connected in the water storage frame, and the top ends of the capillaries are connected to the planting layer; the water storage frame is also connected to a collection pipe for collecting rainwater.

[0007] The planting layer is provided with a shading component for adjusting the shading area according to the weather temperature, a supply component for adjusting the water supply amount according to the weather temperature, and an auxiliary component for promoting plant growth.

[0008] The technical principles of the above scheme are as follows: The water storage frame collects rainwater through the collection pipe and stores it for plants to use. The planting layer is used to plant plants and provide the soil environment required for plant growth. The planting layer is connected to the capillary tube, and the water in the water storage frame will be transported to the roots of the plants due to capillary action, ensuring that the roots of the plants continue to obtain water. The insulation layer is used to isolate heat and reduce soil temperature fluctuations. The covering layer is used to reduce the evaporation of water in the water storage frame and prevent the water in the water storage frame from evaporating directly. The covering layer can also prevent external impurities from entering the water storage frame and keep the water clean.

[0009] During the growth process of plants, during high temperature periods, the sunshade component will increase the shade area, reduce direct sunlight, and lower the temperature of plants and soil; at the same time, the replenishment component will increase the water supply to prevent plants from lacking water. During low temperature periods, the sunshade component will reduce the shade area, increase sunlight exposure, and promote plant photosynthesis; at the same time, the replenishment component will reduce the water supply to avoid root rot caused by excessive water and avoid water waste.

[0010] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the prior art, only by designing water storage components, plants are helped to store water, thereby promoting plant growth, but the promotion effect is poor, and plants may still evaporate water quickly due to excessive solar radiation, and the plants dry up and wither. The present invention uses a multi-layer structure design to perform multi-level water storage; while helping plants to store water, it reduces water evaporation, and automatically adjusts the shading area and water supply according to the weather temperature, thereby effectively optimizing the growth environment of plants and promoting plant growth.

[0011] 2. In the prior art, water is often transported through water pumps and water pipes. The present invention uses the design of capillaries to slowly transport water to the planting layer through capillary action, while ensuring that the roots of plants can continuously obtain water, effectively reducing water evaporation and loss and avoiding water waste.

[0012] 3. The present invention can operate automatically without setting up additional electrical components. The shading area and the amount of water supply can be adjusted only by the change of weather temperature. In addition to the active replenishment of water by the growers, the device can also automatically collect water through the collection tube, which greatly reduces the preparation cost and labor cost of the device.

[0013] Furthermore, the sunshade assembly includes a solar collector box fixedly connected to one side of the planting layer, the top wall of the solar collector box is vertically slidably cooperated with a first slide rod, and the top of the first slide rod is fixedly connected to a tooth plate; a bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the solar collector box, and a center rod is horizontally rotatably connected to the bracket, and gears and sunshades are respectively fixedly connected at both ends of the center rod, and the gears are meshed with the tooth plate; a driving assembly is provided in the solar collector box for driving the first slide rod to slide vertically according to temperature changes.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The driving assembly in the collector box can drive the first slide bar to slide up and down according to the temperature change, and then drive the sunshade to rotate through the meshing of the tooth plate and the gear. During the high temperature period, the first slide bar moves downward, the gear rotates counterclockwise, and the sunshade gradually becomes horizontal, increasing the shading area, reducing direct sunlight, and lowering the temperature of plants and soil. During the low temperature period, the first slide bar moves upward, the gear rotates clockwise, and the sunshade gradually becomes vertical, reducing the shading area, increasing sunlight exposure, and promoting plant photosynthesis.

[0015] Furthermore, the replenishing assembly includes a pressurized box fixedly connected to the bottom of the thermal collector box; the inner wall of the pressurized box is vertically slidably fitted with a piston plate, the top of the piston plate is fixedly connected with a second slide rod, and the second slide rod is vertically slidably fitted with the top wall of the pressurized box and the bottom wall of the thermal collector box; the driving assembly is also used to drive the second slide rod to slide vertically according to temperature changes.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The driving component drives the second slide bar to slide up and down according to the temperature change, and then adjusts the pressure in the pressurized box through the piston plate. During the high temperature period, the second slide bar moves downward, and the piston plate compresses the air in the pressurized box, increasing the water output of the water storage frame and the capillary tube to prevent the plants from lacking water. During the low temperature period, the second slide bar moves upward, and the piston plate releases the pressure in the pressurized box, reducing the water output of the water storage frame and the capillary tube, avoiding root rot caused by excessive water, and avoiding water waste.

[0017] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a bimetallic strip fixedly connected to the side wall of the thermal collector, and the bimetallic strip is hinged to the bottom of the first slide bar and the top of the second slide bar; the bimetallic strip is used to bend and deform according to temperature changes, thereby driving the first slide bar and the second slide bar to slide vertically.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Under the sun, the temperature of the collector box will rise rapidly, and the heat will be transferred to the bimetallic strip through heat conduction; when the outside temperature drops, the temperature of the collector box and the bimetallic strip will also drop; the bimetallic strip is made of two metal layers with different thermal expansion coefficients, and can bend and deform quickly according to temperature changes. During high temperature periods, the bimetallic strip bends downward, driving the first and second slide bars to slide downward; during low temperature periods, the bimetallic strip returns to its original state or bends in the opposite direction, driving the first and second slide bars to slide upward.

[0019] Furthermore, the auxiliary components include a plurality of water-absorbing resins embedded and installed in the planting layer, a plurality of liquid storage holes are opened on the water-absorbing resins, and the regulator is stored in each of the liquid storage holes.

[0020] Beneficial effects: After the capillaries release water, if the plants have not completely absorbed the water, the water-absorbing resin can absorb and store the excess water in the planting layer. After absorbing water, the water-absorbing resin will slowly expand, making the planting layer more fluffy, while slowly releasing water and regulators, thereby promoting plant growth; the regulators in the liquid storage holes can include fertilizers, soil improvers, microbial agents, etc., which are used to promote plant growth.

[0021] Furthermore, one end of the bimetallic strip away from the first slide bar and the second slide bar passes through the side wall of the heat collecting box and is inserted into the planting layer.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The temperature of the planting layer changes greatly due to direct sunlight; the part of the bimetallic strip located in the planting layer can absorb the heat of the planting layer, and use the heat conduction effect to change its own temperature and thus change its own bending.

[0023] Furthermore, a solar panel is fixedly connected to the top of the sunshade.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy, thereby generating electric power resources, which can be stored, transported or used on-site, realizing the conversion and utilization of resources.

[0025] Furthermore, a heat-conducting wire is fixedly connected to the sun visor, and the other end of the heat-conducting wire is fixedly connected to a bimetallic strip located in the planting layer.

[0026] Beneficial effect: The thermal wire can quickly transfer the heat absorbed by the sun visor to the bimetallic strip, thereby improving the sensitivity of the temperature response, allowing the bimetallic strip to bend and deform faster, thereby driving the first slide bar and the second slide bar to move more quickly, and quickly adjusting the shading area and the supply amount.

[0027] Furthermore, a T-shaped frame for supporting a sunshade is fixedly connected to the top of the collector box.

[0028] Beneficial effect: When the sun visor is in a horizontal state, the T-shaped frame can provide support for the sun visor and improve the stability of the device.

[0029] Further, a water conservation system suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas includes a water quantity monitoring module, a climate monitoring module and an equipment monitoring module; The water volume monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture of the planting layer and the total amount of water in the water storage frame; it is also used to set the soil moisture threshold and the total amount of water threshold; when the soil moisture of the planting layer is lower than the soil moisture threshold, the water volume monitoring module is used to issue a soil moisture warning; when the total amount of water in the water storage frame is lower than the total amount of water threshold, the water volume monitoring module is used to issue a total amount of water warning.

[0030] The climate monitoring module is used to monitor the current weather temperature and weather type, and predict the weather temperature and weather type within a specified time in the future; generate a weather report based on the current weather temperature and weather type, and transmit it to the equipment monitoring module; generate a weather forecast based on the weather temperature and weather type within a specified time in the future.

[0031] The equipment monitoring module is used to monitor the angle of the sunshade, and judge whether the plant is in a shaded state based on the angle of the sunshade to obtain the actual shading state; and combined with the weather report, it extracts the current weather type and weather temperature to judge whether the plant needs shading and obtain the estimated shading state; if the actual shading state is inconsistent with the estimated shading state, the equipment monitoring module issues an equipment abnormality warning.

[0032] Beneficial effects: When the soil moisture is lower than the set threshold, the water monitoring module issues an early warning, prompting the operator to increase water supply. When the total amount of water in the water storage frame is lower than the set threshold, the water monitoring module issues an early warning, prompting the operator to add water. Through real-time monitoring and early warning functions, it ensures that plants get enough water under drought conditions while avoiding water waste. The equipment monitoring module determines whether there is any abnormality in the equipment by comparing the current state of the sunshade with the output state; through the abnormal early warning function, the operator can promptly discover and solve equipment failures to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of the water-retaining device suitable for planting plants in arid areas according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 The present invention is an axonometric diagram of a sunshade component in a water-retaining device suitable for growing plants in arid areas.

[0036] Figure 3 The present invention is an axonometric diagram of the sunshade assembly when the sunshade plate in the water-retaining device suitable for planting plants in arid areas is in a vertical state.

[0037] Figure 4 The present invention is a front view of the water-absorbing resin in the water-retaining device suitable for planting plants in arid areas.

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A.

[0039] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a water conservation system suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas.

[0040] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. planting layer; 2. insulation layer; 3. covering layer; 4. water storage frame; 5. capillary; 6. collecting tube; 7. collector box; 8. first slide bar; 9. tooth plate; 10. bracket; 11. center rod; 12. gear; 13. sun visor; 14. pressurizing box; 15. piston plate; 16. second slide bar; 17. bimetallic strip; 18. water-absorbing resin; 19. solar panel; 20. thermal wire; 21. T-frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown: a water-retaining device suitable for planting plants in arid areas, comprising a planting layer 1 for planting plants (in this embodiment, the planting layer 1 is made of bentonite), an insulating layer 2 for isolating heat is laid under the planting layer 1, a covering layer 3 for reducing water evaporation is fixedly bonded to the bottom of the insulating layer 2, and a water storage frame 4 for collecting water is fixedly bonded to the bottom of the covering layer 3; a plurality of capillaries 5 are connected in the water storage frame 4, and the top ends of the capillaries 5 are all connected to the planting layer 1; the water storage frame 4 is also connected to a collection pipe 6 for collecting rainwater.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the water storage frame 4 collects rainwater through the collection pipe 6 and stores it for use by plants. The planting layer 1 is used to plant plants and provide the soil environment required for plant growth. The planting layer 1 is connected to the capillary 5. The water in the water storage frame 4 will spontaneously rise through the capillary 5 due to capillary action, and then be transported to the roots of the plants to ensure that the roots of the plants continue to obtain water. The insulation layer 2 is used to isolate heat and reduce soil temperature fluctuations. The covering layer 3 is used to reduce the evaporation of water in the water storage frame 4. The covering layer 3 is made of low permeability materials (such as plastic film or waterproof cloth, and waterproof cloth is selected in this embodiment) to prevent the water in the water storage frame 4 from directly evaporating. The covering layer 3 can also prevent external impurities from entering the water storage frame 4 to keep the water clean.

[0043] The planting layer 1 is provided with a sunshade component for adjusting the sunshade area according to the weather temperature, a supply component for adjusting the water supply amount according to the weather temperature, and an auxiliary component for promoting plant growth.

[0044] like Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, the sunshade assembly includes a solar collector box 7 embedded in the planting layer 1, the top wall of the solar collector box 7 is vertically slidably cooperated with a first slide bar 8, and the top of the first slide bar 8 is bolted and fixedly connected with a tooth plate 9; a bracket 10 is welded on the top of the solar collector box 7, and a center rod 11 is horizontally rotatably connected to the bracket 10, and a gear 12 and a sunshade 13 are bolted and fixedly connected at both ends of the center rod 11, and the gear 12 is meshed with the tooth plate 9; a driving assembly for driving the first slide bar 8 to slide vertically according to temperature changes is provided in the solar collector box 7.

[0045] The replenishment assembly includes a pressurizing box 14 fixed by bolts and connected to the bottom of the heat collecting box 7; the inner wall of the pressurizing box 14 is vertically slidably fitted with a piston plate 15, and the top of the piston plate 15 is bolted and fixedly connected with a second slide rod 16, and the second slide rod 16 is vertically slidably fitted with the top wall of the pressurizing box 14 and the bottom wall of the heat collecting box 7; the driving assembly is also used to drive the second slide rod 16 to slide vertically according to temperature changes.

[0046] The driving assembly includes a bimetallic strip 17 (such as a general-purpose double-layer metal strip, a high-temperature double-layer metal strip and a high-sensitivity double-layer metal strip, and the present embodiment uses a general-purpose double-layer metal strip composed of a nickel alloy and an iron-nickel alloy) fixedly connected to the side wall of the collector box 7 by bolts. The bimetallic strip 17 is hinged to the bottom of the first slide bar 8 and the top of the second slide bar 16; the bimetallic strip 17 is used to bend and deform according to temperature changes, thereby driving the first slide bar 8 and the second slide bar 16 to slide vertically.

[0047] The auxiliary components include a plurality of water-absorbing resins 18 embedded in the planting layer 1, and a plurality of liquid storage holes are provided on the water-absorbing resins 18, and regulators are stored in the liquid storage holes. The regulators in the liquid storage holes may include fertilizers, soil improvers, microbial agents, etc. In this embodiment, the regulators are mainly fertilizers and soil improvers.

[0048] The specific implementation process is as follows: The bimetallic strip 17 has good toughness and strength, and can provide support for the first slide bar 8 and the second slide bar 16. In the initial state, the bimetallic strip 17 remains horizontal, and the piston plate 15 is in a slightly inclined vertical state (such as Figure 3 At this time, the shading area is the smallest.

[0049] by Figure 1 For example, under the sun's scorching sun, the temperature of the collector box 7 will rise rapidly, and the heat will be transferred to the bimetallic strip 17 through heat conduction; when the outside temperature drops, the temperature of the collector box 7 and the bimetallic strip 17 will also drop; the bimetallic strip 17 is formed by laminating two metal layers with different thermal expansion coefficients, and can bend and deform rapidly according to temperature changes.

[0050] During the high temperature period, the bimetallic strip 17 bends downward, driving the first slide bar 8 to slide downward and the second slide bar 16 to slide upward; during this process, the first slide bar 8 moves downward to drive the gear 12 to rotate counterclockwise, and the sun visor 13 gradually becomes horizontal (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure), the shading area is increased, direct sunlight is reduced, and the temperature of plants and soil is lowered. At the same time, the second slide bar 16 moves downward, driving the piston plate 15 to slide downward along the pressurizing box 14, compressing the air in the pressurizing box 14, increasing the water output of the water storage frame 4 and the capillary tube 5, and preventing the plants from lacking water.

[0051] During the low temperature period, the bimetallic strip 17 returns to its original state or bends upward, driving the first slide bar 8 and the second slide bar 16 to slide upward; during this process, the first slide bar 8 moves upward to drive the gear 12 to rotate clockwise, and the sun visor 13 gradually becomes vertical (such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure), the shade area is reduced, the sunlight exposure is increased, and the photosynthesis of plants is promoted. At the same time, the second slide bar 16 drives the piston plate 15 to move upward, thereby releasing the pressure in the pressurized box 14, reducing the water output of the water storage frame 4 and the capillary 5, avoiding root rot caused by excessive water, and avoiding water waste.

[0052] by Figure 1 For example, during the growth of plants, after the capillaries 5 release water, if the plants have not completely absorbed the water, the water-absorbing resin 18 can absorb and store the excess water in the planting layer 1, and after the water-absorbing resin 18 absorbs water, it will slowly expand, making the planting layer 1 more fluffy, while slowly releasing water and regulators, thereby promoting the growth of plants; in this process, the expansion rate of the water-absorbing resin 18 is proportional to the excess water; if the excess water is greater, the soil is more moist and the soil is more sticky, and the soil needs to be loosened more to improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, prevent soil compaction, and promote the development of plant roots.

[0053] The present invention performs multi-level water storage through a multi-layer structure design; while helping plants store water, it reduces water evaporation, and automatically adjusts the shading area and water supply according to weather temperature, which can effectively optimize the growth environment of plants and promote plant growth.

[0054] Embodiment 2: As attached Figure 1 As shown, different from the above embodiment, one end of the bimetallic strip 17 away from the first slide bar 8 and the second slide bar 16 penetrates the side wall of the heat collecting box 7 and is inserted into the planting layer 1.

[0055] The specific implementation process is as follows: during the growth of plants, the temperature of the planting layer 1 changes greatly due to direct sunlight; the part of the bimetallic strip 17 located in the planting layer 1 can absorb the heat of the planting layer 1, and use the heat conduction effect to change its own temperature, and then change its own bending.

[0056] Embodiment 3: As attached Figure 1 As shown, different from the above embodiment, the top of the sunshade 13 is fixedly connected with a solar panel 19 by bolts.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows: During the shading process, the solar panel 19 converts solar energy into electrical energy, thereby generating electric power resources, which can be stored, transmitted or used on-site to achieve resource conversion and utilization.

[0058] Embodiment 4: As attached Figure 1 As shown, different from the above-mentioned embodiment, a heat-conducting wire 20 is fixedly bonded to the sun visor 13 , and the lower end of the heat-conducting wire 20 is fixedly bonded to the bimetallic strip 17 located in the planting layer 1 .

[0059] The specific implementation process is as follows: the heat conductive wire 20 can quickly transfer the heat absorbed by the sun visor 13 to the bimetallic strip 17, thereby improving the sensitivity of the temperature response, so that the bimetallic strip 17 can bend and deform faster, and then drive the first slide bar 8 and the second slide bar 16 to move more quickly, and quickly adjust the shading area and the supply amount.

[0060] Embodiment 5: As attached Figure 1 As shown, different from the above-mentioned embodiment, a T-shaped frame 21 for supporting the sunshade 13 is welded on the top of the heat collecting box 7 .

[0061] The specific implementation process is as follows: when the sun visor 13 is in a horizontal state, the T-shaped frame 21 can provide support for the sun visor 13 to improve the stability of the device.

[0062] Embodiment 6: As attached Figure 6 As shown, different from the above-mentioned embodiments, a water conservation system suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas includes a water volume monitoring module, a climate monitoring module and an equipment monitoring module; each module is signal-connected to each other, and each module is also signal-connected to an operator's remote control terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer and a tablet, etc., a mobile phone is selected in this embodiment).

[0063] The specific functions of each module are as follows: The water volume monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture of the planting layer 1 and the total amount of water in the water storage frame 4; it is also used to set the soil moisture threshold and the total amount of water threshold; when the soil moisture of the planting layer 1 is lower than the soil moisture threshold, the water volume monitoring module is used to issue a soil moisture warning, prompting the operator to increase the water supply of the soil. When the total amount of water in the water storage frame 4 is lower than the total amount of water threshold, the water volume monitoring module is used to send a total amount of water warning to the operator's mobile phone, prompting the operator to replenish the water in the water storage frame 4. In this embodiment, the monitoring of soil moisture is based on a humidity sensor; the monitoring of the total amount of water in the water storage frame 4 is based on a liquid level meter.

[0064] The climate monitoring module is used to monitor the current weather temperature and weather type, and predict the weather temperature and weather type within a specified time in the future; based on the current weather temperature and weather type, a weather report is generated and transmitted to the equipment monitoring module; based on the weather temperature and weather type within a specified time in the future, a weather forecast is generated and transmitted to the operator's mobile phone, so that the operator can better cope with different weather conditions in the future. In this embodiment, the climate monitoring module monitors the current weather temperature in real time through a temperature sensor, obtains the current weather type through a meteorological sensor, and generates a weather report; accesses existing weather forecast data through a data port, and outputs a weather forecast.

[0065] The equipment monitoring module is used to monitor the angle of the sunshade 13, and judge whether the plant is in a shaded state based on the angle of the sunshade 13, and obtain the actual shaded state; and in combination with the weather report, extract the current weather type and weather temperature, judge whether the plant needs shade, and obtain the estimated shaded state; if the actual shaded state is inconsistent with the estimated shaded state, the equipment monitoring module issues an equipment abnormality warning. In this embodiment, the equipment monitoring module monitors the angle of the sunshade 13 in real time through an angle sensor, so as to judge whether the plant is in a shaded state.

[0066] The system can effectively improve the operator's ability to monitor and control the equipment, thereby improving the equipment's operating performance and optimizing the plant's growth environment.

[0067] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A water-retaining device suitable for planting plants in arid areas, comprising a planting layer (1) for planting plants, characterized in that: A heat insulating layer (2) for isolating heat is fixedly connected below the planting layer (1); a covering layer (3) for reducing water evaporation is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat insulating layer (2); a water storage frame (4) for collecting water is fixedly connected to the bottom of the covering layer (3); a plurality of capillaries (5) are connected inside the water storage frame (4); the top ends of the capillaries (5) are all connected to the planting layer (1); the water storage frame (4) is also connected to a collection pipe (6) for collecting rainwater; The planting layer (1) is provided with a sunshade component for adjusting the sunshade area according to the weather temperature, a replenishment component for adjusting the water replenishment amount according to the weather temperature, and an auxiliary component for promoting plant growth.

2. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sunshade assembly comprises a heat collecting box (7) fixedly connected to one side of the planting layer (1); the top wall of the heat collecting box (7) is vertically slidably matched with a first slide bar (8); the top of the first slide bar (8) is fixedly connected to a toothed plate (9); the top of the heat collecting box (7) is fixedly connected to a bracket (10); the bracket (10) is laterally rotatably connected to a center rod (11); the two ends of the center rod (11) are respectively fixedly connected to a gear (12) and a sunshade (13); the gear (12) is meshed with the toothed plate (9); a drive assembly for driving the first slide bar (8) to slide vertically according to temperature changes is provided in the heat collecting box (7).

3. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The replenishment assembly comprises a pressurizing box (14) fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat collecting box (7); the inner wall of the pressurizing box (14) is vertically slidably matched with a piston plate (15), the top of the piston plate (15) is fixedly connected with a second slide bar (16), and the second slide bar (16) is vertically slidably matched with the top wall of the pressurizing box (14) and the bottom wall of the heat collecting box (7); the drive assembly is also used to drive the second slide bar (16) to slide vertically according to temperature changes.

4. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a bimetallic strip (17) fixedly connected to the side wall of the heat collecting box (7), the bimetallic strip (17) being hinged to the bottom of the first sliding rod (8) and the top of the second sliding rod (16); the bimetallic strip (17) is used to bend and deform according to temperature changes, thereby driving the first sliding rod (8) and the second sliding rod (16) to slide vertically.

5. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary components include a plurality of water-absorbing resins (18) embedded and installed in the planting layer (1). The water-absorbing resins (18) are provided with a plurality of liquid storage holes, and the regulating agent is stored in the liquid storage holes.

6. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the bimetallic strip (17) away from the first slide bar (8) and the second slide bar (16) penetrates the side wall of the heat collecting box (7) and is inserted into the planting layer (1).

7. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A solar panel (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the sunshade (13).

8. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: A heat-conducting wire (20) is fixedly connected to the sunshade (13), and the other end of the heat-conducting wire (20) is fixedly connected to a bimetallic strip (17) located in the planting layer (1).

9. The water-retaining device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: A T-shaped frame (21) for supporting the sunshade (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the heat collecting box (7).

10. The water conservation system suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to claim 9, which is based on the water conservation device suitable for plant cultivation in arid areas according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises a water volume monitoring module, a climate monitoring module and an equipment monitoring module; The water volume monitoring module is used to monitor the soil moisture of the planting layer (1) and the total amount of water in the water storage frame (4); and is also used to set a soil moisture threshold and a total amount of water threshold; when the soil moisture of the planting layer (1) is lower than the soil moisture threshold, the water volume monitoring module is used to issue a soil moisture warning; when the total amount of water in the water storage frame (4) is lower than the total amount of water threshold, the water volume monitoring module is used to issue a total amount of water warning; The climate monitoring module is used to monitor the current weather temperature and weather type, and predict the weather temperature and weather type within a specified time in the future; based on the current weather temperature and weather type, generate a weather report and transmit it to the equipment monitoring module; based on the weather temperature and weather type within a specified time in the future, generate a weather forecast; An equipment monitoring module, used for monitoring the angle of the sunshade (13), judging whether the plant is in a sunshade state based on the angle of the sunshade (13), and obtaining an actual sunshade state; Combined with the weather report, the current weather type and temperature are extracted to determine whether the plants need shading and obtain the estimated shading status; If the actual shading status is inconsistent with the estimated shading status, the equipment monitoring module will issue an equipment abnormality warning.

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