Cardiac surgery sternum dilator for preventing rib fracture

Abstract

The invention discloses a cardiac surgery sternum dilator for preventing rib fracture, which comprises a first distraction arm, a guide plate, a second distraction arm, a distraction plate, a pressure gauge, a brake component and a controller, and is characterized in that the first distraction arm is fixed at one end of the guide plate; the second distraction arm is arranged on the guide plate and can move along the guide plate; guide grooves are formed in the opposite sides of the first distraction arm and the second distraction arm, a distraction plate is inserted into each guide groove, and the distraction plates can move in the length direction and the height direction relative to the guide grooves; the first distraction arm and the second distraction arm are each provided with a pressure gauge in a sliding mode, and the detection ends of the pressure gauges can abut against the corresponding distraction plates. And the brake component is arranged on the second distraction arm. Therefore, the sternum distraction pressure can be detected, braking is carried out when the pressure is too large, and therefore the situation of side injury of rib fracture caused by the too large distraction pressure is avoided, and the discomfort of a patient in the postoperative recovery process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a sternal spreader for cardiac surgery to prevent rib fractures. Background Art

[0002] During heart surgery, after splitting the sternum, doctors often face emergency situations such as bleeding behind the sternum. At this time, the first task is to quickly open the sternum. To this end, the doctor will immediately place the sternum spreader in the sternum and quickly turn the crank to forcefully open the sternum.

[0003] However, at present, the use of sternal spreaders is highly dependent on the doctor's experience and feel. Therefore, during use, many patients will suffer from excessive spreading pressure, which causes the sternum to squeeze the ribs, resulting in secondary injuries such as rib fractures. Although this fracture does not hinder the smooth progress of the operation and does not require additional surgical treatment for this fracture, it will have a certain impact on the patient's postoperative recovery, increase discomfort such as sternal pain at the incision site, and cause additional physical pain to the patient. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, one purpose of the present invention is to propose a cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures, which can detect the sternum spread pressure and brake when the pressure is too high, thereby avoiding the secondary injury of rib fractures caused by excessive spread pressure, thereby reducing the patient's discomfort during postoperative recovery.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a cardiac surgery sternal spreader for preventing rib fractures, comprising a first spreader arm, a guide plate, a second spreader arm, a spreader plate, a pressure gauge, a braking component and a controller, wherein the first spreader arm is fixed at one end of the guide plate; the second spreader arm is arranged on the guide plate and can move along the guide plate; guide grooves are provided on the opposite sides of the first spreader arm and the second spreader arm, the spreader plate is respectively inserted in each of the guide grooves, and the spreader plate can move relative to the length and height directions of the guide grooves; the first spreader arm and the second spreader arm are respectively provided with guide grooves. The pressure gauge is separately slidably arranged, and the detection end of the pressure gauge can be in contact with the corresponding expansion plate, so as to detect the pressure value during the process of the expansion plate expanding the sternum; the braking component is arranged on the second expansion arm, and the braking component can be adsorbed on the guide plate, so as to fix the position of the second expansion arm; the controller is arranged on the first expansion arm, and the controller is respectively connected to the pressure gauge and the braking component, so as to control the braking component to be adsorbed on the guide plate, so as to fix the position of the second expansion arm when it is judged that the pressure value is greater than the first preset pressure value.

[0007] The cardiac surgery sternal spreader for preventing rib fractures of the present invention can make the detection end of the pressure gauge contact the spreader plate during the process of sternal spread. The pressure gauge is used to detect the pressure value in real time during the process of the spreader plate spreading the sternum, and to feed back the acquired pressure value to the controller in real time. If the controller determines that the current pressure value exceeds the pre-set first preset pressure value, the controller will immediately control the braking component to be quickly adsorbed on the guide plate, fix the position of the second spread arm to prevent the second spread arm from continuing to move, and therefore, the sternal spread pressure can be detected, and the brakes can be applied when the pressure is too high, thereby avoiding the occurrence of secondary injuries such as rib fractures caused by excessive spread pressure, thereby reducing the patient's discomfort during postoperative recovery.

[0008] In addition, the cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures proposed in the application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] Specifically, the pressure gauge has an alarm sound, and the controller is set to multiple alarm levels according to the detected pressure value. As the alarm levels increase step by step, the controller controls the frequency of the alarm sound emitted by the pressure gauge to gradually become rapid.

[0010] Specifically, the support plate includes a first fixing portion, a second fixing portion, and a support portion with a U-shaped opening, wherein the first fixing portion is vertically fixed to the support portion, and the first fixing portion can abut against the detection end of the pressure gauge; the second fixing portion is vertically fixed to the first fixing portion, and the second fixing portion is inserted into the guide groove, and the second fixing portion can move relative to the length and height direction of the guide groove;

[0011] The U-shaped opening on the opening portion faces a side away from the second fixing portion.

[0012] Specifically, the braking component includes a spring sheet and an electromagnet, wherein the electromagnet is connected to the controller, the spring sheet is arranged on one side of the second spreading arm, the electromagnet is fixed on the spring sheet, and the electromagnet can be adsorbed and connected to the guide plate.

[0013] Specifically, there are multiple braking components.

[0014] Specifically, it also includes a driving mechanism, a through slot is provided on the second spreading arm, the guide plate is passed through the through slot, the driving mechanism is arranged on the second spreading arm, the driving end of the driving mechanism is arranged in the through slot and meshes with the tooth slot provided on the guide plate, and the driving mechanism can drive the second spreading arm to move along the guide plate.

[0015] Specifically, the driving mechanism includes a driving rod, a gear and a rocker arm, wherein one end of the driving rod is rotatably connected in the through slot, and the other end of the driving rod extends to the outside of the through slot; the gear is fixed on the driving rod, and the gear is located in the through slot and meshes with the tooth groove; the rocker arm is hinged on the driving rod.

[0016] Specifically, the driving mechanism includes a self-locking motor and a gear. The self-locking motor is arranged on the second spreading arm, and the output shaft of the self-locking motor passes through the second spreading arm and extends to the through slot. The self-locking motor is connected to the controller; the gear is fixed on the output shaft, and the gear is located in the through slot and meshes with the tooth groove.

[0017] Specifically, it also includes a slider and a slide rail, wherein the slide rail is arranged on the first spreading arm or the second spreading arm, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the pressure gauge is arranged on the slider.

[0018] Specifically, it also includes a fastener and a limit rod, the fastener is threadedly connected to the slider, and the end of the fastener can abut against the first expansion arm or the second expansion arm, the limit rod is fixed to the expansion plate, and one end of the limit rod is inserted into the limit hole opened on the slider, and the limit rod can move relative to the limit hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sternal spreader for cardiac surgery to prevent rib fractures according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a sternal spreader for cardiac surgery for preventing rib fractures according to another perspective of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 According to the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A in the middle.

[0025] As shown in the figure:

[0026] 1. first spreading arm; 10. guide groove;

[0027] 2. Guide plate; 20. Tooth groove;

[0028] 3. second spreading arm; 30. through slot;

[0029] 4. Opening plate; 40. First fixing part; 41. Second fixing part; 42. Opening part;

[0030] 5. Pressure gauge;

[0031] 6. Braking component; 60. Shrapnel; 61. Electromagnet;

[0032] 7. Controller;

[0033] 8. driving mechanism; 80. driving rod; 81. rocker;

[0034] 90. Slider; 91. Slide rail; 92. Fastener; 93. Limit rod; 900. Limit hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0037] The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the cardiac surgery sternal spreader for preventing rib fractures according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a first spreader arm 1, a guide plate 2, a second spreader arm 3, a spreader plate 4, a pressure gauge 5, a braking component 6 and a controller 7.

[0039] The first spreading arm 1 is fixed to one end of the guide plate 2, and the second spreading arm 3 is arranged on the guide plate 2 and can move along the guide plate 2. This design allows medical staff to accurately adjust the distance between the second spreading arm 3 and the first spreading arm 1 according to the needs of the operation, and can quickly adjust the size of the opening of the sternum. This flexible spacing adjustment capability helps to better expose the surgical area during surgery and provide doctors with a clear operating field.

[0040] A guide groove 10 is formed on the opposite side of the first spreading arm 1 and the second spreading arm 3 . A spreading plate 4 is inserted into each of the guiding grooves 10 , and the spreading plate 4 can move relative to the guiding groove 10 in length and height directions.

[0041] The expansion plate 4 not only provides a stable placement space for the sternum, but also plays a role of limiting. When the second expansion arm 3 moves, it can drive the corresponding expansion plate 4 to move together, thereby pushing the sternum to move in a predetermined direction.

[0042] It should be noted that, please refer to Figure 3, the expansion plate 4 moves relative to the length direction of the guide groove 10, which means that the expansion plate 4 has the freedom to move in the length direction of the guide groove 10. In the process of expanding the sternum, the expansion plate 4 will be subjected to the reverse thrust of the sternum and move along the length direction of the guide groove 10, and finally abut against the detection end of the pressure gauge 5, so as to achieve the accuracy of the detection end of the pressure gauge 5 in detecting the force on the expansion plate 4, thereby making the detection more effective.

[0043] In addition, the expansion plate 4 can also be adjusted in the height direction of the guide groove 10. By changing the position of the expansion plate 4, medical staff can find the best position to support and open the sternum, thereby better exposing the surgical area.

[0044] Pressure gauges 5 are slidably provided on the first expansion arm 1 and the second expansion arm 3 , respectively. The detection end of the pressure gauge 5 can abut against the corresponding expansion plate 4 to detect the pressure value in the process of the expansion plate 4 expanding the sternum.

[0045] It should be noted that the pressure gauge 5 in the present application adopts an electronic pressure gauge design with numerical display. This electronic pressure gauge not only has high-precision detection capabilities, but also can clearly display the pressure value during the sternum expansion process in digital form in real time. This makes it convenient for medical staff to understand the current pressure applied to the sternum, so that they can control the expansion force more accurately.

[0046] The braking component 6 is disposed on the second spreading arm 3 , and the braking component 6 can be adsorbed on the guide plate 2 to fix the position of the second spreading arm 3 .

[0047] It should be noted that the guide plate 2 is made of iron coated with anti-rust paint, or more preferably martensitic stainless steel, which not only has excellent corrosion resistance but also has magnetic properties and can be magnetically attracted by the brake component 6.

[0048] The controller 7 is disposed on the first spreading arm 1, and is respectively connected to the pressure gauge 5 and the braking component 6, and is used to control the braking component 6 to be adsorbed on the guide plate 2 to fix the position of the second spreading arm 3 when it is determined that the pressure value is greater than the first preset pressure value, wherein the first preset pressure value can be selected according to actual conditions, for example, the first preset pressure value can be 15 MPa, and the first preset pressure value can be set in the controller 7 in advance.

[0049] The controller 7 described in this embodiment can be connected to an external host computer via wired or wireless means, so that relevant personnel can control the controller 7 via the external host computer. The controller 7 may include a display screen and input buttons, so that relevant personnel can view the operating data of the cardiac surgery sternal spreader for preventing rib fractures via the display screen, and can adjust the controller 7 conveniently through the input buttons.

[0050] Specifically, in the actual operation of the sternal spreader of the present application, the medical staff will first place the sternal spreader of the present application on the split chest area, and ensure that the two spreader plates 4 are respectively inserted into the sternum on both sides. Then, by driving the second spreader arm 3 to move slowly, the sternum is gradually spread, and the sternum gradually squeezes the ribs.

[0051] During the expansion process, the detection end of the pressure gauge 5 contacts the expansion plate 4. The pressure gauge 5 is used to detect the pressure value of the expansion plate 4 during the expansion of the sternum in real time, and feed the obtained pressure value back to the controller 7 in real time.

[0052] If the controller 7 determines that the current pressure value exceeds the pre-set first preset pressure value, the controller 7 will immediately control the braking component 6 to quickly adsorb on the guide plate 2, and fix the position of the second expansion arm 3 to prevent the second expansion arm 3 from continuing to move, thereby avoiding the occurrence of secondary injuries such as rib fractures caused by excessive expansion pressure, thereby ensuring the patient's smooth recovery after surgery.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the pressure gauge 5 has an alarm sound, and the controller 7 is set to multiple alarm levels according to the detected pressure value, and as the alarm level increases step by step, the controller 7 controls the frequency of the alarm sound emitted by the pressure gauge 5 to gradually become rapid.

[0054] It should be noted that the pressure gauge 5 has the function of emitting an alarm sound, that is, a buzzer is integrated therein as a sounding device. The frequency and tone of the alarm sound can be flexibly set according to actual design requirements to provide alarm prompts of different levels. The design of the alarm gear is very flexible, and can be 2 gears, 3 gears, 4 gears, etc. The specific selection depends on the requirements of the actual application scenario.

[0055] By dividing the detected pressure value into multiple alarm levels and increasing the frequency of the alarm sound step by step, medical staff can intuitively perceive the risk state of the current pressure and respond quickly to effectively prevent medical accidents caused by overpressure. This design not only improves the safety of the operation, but also allows medical staff to roughly judge the pressure state when the sternum is stretched without having to constantly stare at the pressure gauge 5.

[0056] For example, three alarm levels are used as an example for explanation:

[0057] In the first gear, when the pressure value is greater than the third preset pressure value and less than the second preset pressure value, the controller 7 will control the pressure gauge 5 to sound an alarm to remind medical staff that the sternum pressure value is in the first gear and needs attention.

[0058] In the second gear, when the pressure value is greater than the second preset pressure value and less than the first preset pressure value, the controller 7 will control the pressure gauge 5 to further increase the frequency of the alarm sound, making it gradually become rapid, further reminding medical staff that the sternum pressure value is in the second gear and they need to operate with caution.

[0059] In the third gear, when the pressure value is greater than the first preset pressure value, the controller 7 will control the pressure gauge 5 to increase the frequency of the alarm sound again. Compared with the second gear, the alarm sound is more urgent, which strongly reminds medical staff that the sternum pressure value is already in the third gear and the operation should be stopped immediately to ensure the safety of the operation.

[0060] Among them, the first preset pressure value, the second preset pressure value and the third preset pressure value can be pre-set in the controller 7. For example, the first preset pressure value can be set to 15 MPa, the second preset pressure value can be set to 13 MPa, and the third preset pressure value can be set to 10 MPa. Then the first gear is between 10-13 MPa, the second gear is between 13-15 MPa, and the third gear is greater than 15 MPa.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the expansion plate 4 includes a first fixing portion 40, a second fixing portion 41 and an expansion portion 42 having a U-shaped opening.

[0062] Among them, the first fixing part 40 is vertically fixed on the support part 42, and the first fixing part 40 can be in contact with the detection end of the pressure gauge 5, the second fixing part 41 is vertically fixed on the first fixing part 40, and the second fixing part 41 is inserted into the guide groove 10, and the second fixing part 41 can move relative to the length and height direction of the guide groove 10, and the U-shaped opening on the support part 42 faces the side away from the second fixing part 41.

[0063] In the above scheme, the design of the U-shaped opening cleverly provides sufficient accommodation space for the sternum, while increasing the contact area with the sternum, effectively improving the limiting effect on the sternum, and thereby enhancing the stability of the expansion part 42 during the expansion process of the sternum.

[0064] In addition, the first fixing portion 40, the second fixing portion 41 and the opening portion 42 are designed in an integrated manner, so that the opening strength is more stable and reliable. The second fixing portion 41 is adapted to the guide groove 10 in width, so that the guide groove 10 plays a good limiting role in the width direction of the second fixing portion 41. At the same time, the height of the guide groove 10 is designed to be greater than the height of the second fixing portion 41, so that the second fixing portion 41 can be flexibly moved in the height direction, so that the position of the opening portion 42 can be adjusted, so that medical staff can accurately find the best position to support and open the sternum to better expose the surgical area. Moreover, the second fixing portion 41 can be easily removed from the guide groove 10, which is convenient for disinfecting the opening plate 4.

[0065] The first fixing part 40 is responsible for contacting the detection end of the pressure gauge 5 when the expansion part 42 is subjected to force, and using the pressure gauge 5 to detect the pressure value during the expansion of the sternum.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the braking component 6 may include a spring sheet 60 and an electromagnet 61, wherein the electromagnet 61 is connected to the controller 7, the spring sheet 60 is arranged on one side of the second spreading arm 3, the electromagnet 61 is fixed on the spring sheet 60, and the electromagnet 61 can be adsorbed and connected to the guide plate 2.

[0067] Specifically, when the current pressure value received by the controller 7 exceeds the first preset pressure value, the electromagnet 61 is controlled to start, so that the electromagnet 61 is tightly adsorbed on the guide plate 2, thereby effectively fixing the position of the second spreading arm 3. The design of the electromagnet 61 is fast in response, easy to operate, low in cost and highly practical.

[0068] In addition, when the electromagnet 61 is adsorbed on the guide plate 2, it will force the spring sheet 60 to bend and deform. If it is necessary to release the second spreading arm 3 from spreading the sternum, the medical staff only needs to turn off the electromagnet 61 through the controller 7, and the electromagnet 61 will lose its magnetism. At this time, the elastic potential energy accumulated by the spring sheet 60 due to bending will be quickly released, driving the electromagnet 61 upward away from the guide plate 2, so that the medical staff can easily move the second spreading arm 3.

[0069] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple braking components 6, for example, 2, 3, 4, etc., which can be selected according to actual conditions. By adopting the design of multiple braking components 6, the stability of the second spreading arm 3 after being fixed can be significantly enhanced.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the cardiac surgery sternal spreader for preventing rib fractures may also include a driving mechanism 8, a through slot 30 is provided on the second spread arm 3, the guide plate 2 is passed through the through slot 30, the driving mechanism 8 is disposed on the second spread arm 3, the driving end of the driving mechanism 8 is arranged in the through slot 30 and meshes with the tooth groove 20 provided on the guide plate 2, and the driving mechanism 8 can drive the second spread arm 3 to move along the guide plate 2.

[0071] Specifically, the driving mechanism 8 is provided to drive the second spreading arm 3 to move along the guide plate 2, thereby changing the distance between the second spreading arm 3 and the first spreading arm 1, thereby avoiding the difficulty of manually spreading the arms.

[0072] Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of the driving mechanism 8 when driving the second spreading arm 3 to move relative to the guide plate 2, a guide rod (not shown in the figure) can be added to the first spreading arm 1. Accordingly, a guide hole (not shown in the figure) is opened on the second spreading arm 3. The guide rod extends along the length direction of the guide plate 2 and passes through the limit hole. Through the mutual cooperation and constraint of the guide hole and the guide rod, the movement of the second spreading arm 3 in the height direction can be effectively limited, thereby further improving the stability of the second spreading arm 3 during the driving process.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the driving mechanism 8 includes a driving rod 80 , a gear (not shown in the drawings) and a rocker 81 .

[0074] Among them, one end of the driving rod 80 is rotatably connected in the through slot 30, and the other end of the driving rod 80 extends to the outside of the through slot 30, the gear is fixed on the driving rod 80, and the gear is located in the through slot 30 and meshes with the tooth groove 20, and the rocker 81 is hinged on the driving rod 80. The design cost of this driving mechanism 8 is lower.

[0075] Specifically, the medical staff can rotate the rocker 81 to transmit power through the driving rod 80, and the driving gear starts to rotate. Due to the meshing design between the gear and the tooth groove 20, the gear will move along a specific direction on the tooth groove 20. In this process, the movement of the gear will drive the second spreading arm 3 to move accordingly, thereby realizing the spreading operation.

[0076] In another embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism 8 may include a self-locking motor (not shown in the figure) and a gear. The self-locking motor is arranged on the second opening arm 3, and the output shaft of the self-locking motor passes through the second opening arm 3 and extends to the through slot 30. The self-locking motor is connected to the controller 7, and the gear is fixed on the output shaft. The gear is located in the through slot 30 and meshes with the tooth groove 20. The design of this driving mechanism 8 is more intelligent.

[0077] Specifically, medical staff can easily start the self-locking motor through the controller 7. The self-locking motor drives the gear to move relative to the tooth groove 20 through the rotation of its output shaft, thereby realizing the movement of the second spreading arm 3 relative to the first spreading arm 1, which greatly simplifies the tedious manual control. In addition, when the current pressure value detected by the controller 7 exceeds the pre-set first preset pressure value, the self-locking motor can also be driven to enter the self-locking state, further locking the position of the second spreading arm 3, thereby significantly enhancing the stability of the second spreading arm 3 when subjected to force after spreading the sternum.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the cardiac surgery sternal spreader for preventing rib fractures also includes a slider 90 and a slide rail 91, wherein the slide rail 91 is arranged on the first spread arm 1 or the second spread arm 3, the slider 90 is slidably connected to the slide rail 91, and the pressure gauge 5 is arranged on the slider 90.

[0079] In the above scheme, the cooperation between the slider 90 and the slide rail 91 not only provides a stable limit support for the pressure gauge 5, but also ensures the flexible movement of the pressure gauge 5 in the height direction. In this way, when the position of the opening plate 4 is adjusted, the pressure gauge 5 can move easily and always maintain the matching position with the opening plate 4. This design effectively ensures the uniformity of the pressure gauge 5 when it is subjected to force, thereby ensuring the accuracy of its detection.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the cardiac surgery sternal spreader for preventing rib fractures also includes a fastener 92 and a limiting rod 93. The fastener 92 is threadedly connected to the slider 90, and the end of the fastener 92 can abut against the first spreading arm 1 or the second spreading arm 3. The limiting rod 93 is fixed to the spreading plate 4, and one end of the limiting rod 93 is inserted into the limiting hole 900 opened on the slider 90, and the limiting rod 93 can move relative to the limiting hole 900, wherein the fastener 92 can be a bolt or a screw, which can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0081] In the above scheme, by rotating the fastener 92, one end of the fastener 92 can be driven to tightly contact the first stretching arm 1 or the second stretching arm 3. Specifically, the fastener 92 on the first stretching arm 1 contacts the first stretching arm 1, and the fastener 92 on the second stretching arm 3 contacts the second stretching arm 3, thereby fixing the position of the slider 90 and effectively improving the stability of the pressure gauge 5 during detection.

[0082] In addition, the solution also cleverly sets a matching structure of the limit rod 93 and the limit hole 900 to fix the position of the expansion plate 4 in the height direction, thereby ensuring that the expansion plate 4 has extremely high stability when supporting the sternum. At the same time, the limit rod 93 can move flexibly in the limit hole 900, so that the expansion plate 4 can move toward the direction of the pressure gauge 5 when subjected to force, and contact with the detection end of the pressure gauge 5, so that the expansion plate 4 has freedom of movement in the length direction.

[0083] In summary, the cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to the embodiment of the present invention can detect the sternum spread pressure and brake when the pressure is too high, thereby avoiding the secondary injury of rib fractures caused by excessive spread pressure, thereby reducing the discomfort of patients during postoperative recovery.

[0084] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0085] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A sternal spreader for cardiac surgery to prevent rib fractures, characterized in that: It includes a first spreading arm, a guide plate, a second spreading arm, a spreading plate, a pressure gauge, a braking component and a controller, wherein: The first spreading arm is fixed to one end of the guide plate; The second spreading arm is arranged on the guide plate and is movable along the guide plate; A guide groove is provided on the opposite side of the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm, and the spreading plate is inserted into each of the guide grooves, and the spreading plate can move relative to the guide groove in length and height directions; The pressure gauge is slidably disposed on the first spreading arm and the second spreading arm, respectively, and the detection end of the pressure gauge can be in contact with the corresponding spreading plate to detect the pressure value in the process of the spreading plate spreading the sternum; The braking component is disposed on the second spreading arm, and the braking component can be adsorbed on the guide plate to fix the position of the second spreading arm; The controller is disposed on the first spreading arm, and is respectively connected to the pressure gauge and the braking component, and is used to control the braking component to be adsorbed on the guide plate to fix the position of the second spreading arm when it is determined that the pressure value is greater than a first preset pressure value.

2. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure gauge has an alarm sound, and the controller is set to multiple alarm levels according to the detected pressure value. As the alarm levels increase step by step, the controller controls the frequency of the alarm sound emitted by the pressure gauge to gradually become rapid.

3. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expansion plate includes a first fixing portion, a second fixing portion and an expansion portion with a U-shaped opening, wherein: The first fixing portion is vertically fixed to the opening portion, and the first fixing portion can abut against the detection end of the pressure gauge; The second fixing portion is vertically fixed on the first fixing portion, and the second fixing portion is inserted into the guide groove, and the second fixing portion can move relative to the guide groove in length and height directions; The U-shaped opening on the opening portion faces a side away from the second fixing portion.

4. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The braking component includes a spring sheet and an electromagnet, wherein the electromagnet is connected to the controller, the spring sheet is arranged on one side of the second spreading arm, the electromagnet is fixed on the spring sheet, and the electromagnet can be adsorbed and connected to the guide plate.

5. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple braking components.

6. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a driving mechanism, a through slot is provided on the second spreading arm, the guide plate is passed through the through slot, the driving mechanism is arranged on the second spreading arm, the driving end of the driving mechanism is arranged in the through slot and meshes with the tooth slot provided on the guide plate, and the driving mechanism can drive the second spreading arm to move along the guide plate.

7. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a driving rod, a gear and a rocker, wherein: One end of the driving rod is rotatably connected to the through slot, and the other end of the driving rod extends to the outside of the through slot; The gear is fixed on the driving rod, and the gear is located in the through slot and meshes with the tooth groove; The rocker is hinged on the driving rod.

8. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a self-locking motor and a gear, wherein the self-locking motor is arranged on the second opening arm, and the output shaft of the self-locking motor passes through the second opening arm and extends to the through slot, and the self-locking motor is connected to the controller; The gear is fixed on the output shaft, and the gear is located in the through groove and meshes with the tooth groove.

9. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slider and a slide rail, wherein the slide rail is arranged on the first spreading arm or the second spreading arm, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the pressure gauge is arranged on the slider.

10. The cardiac surgery sternum spreader for preventing rib fractures according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a fastener and a limit rod, wherein the fastener is threadedly connected to the slider, and the end of the fastener can abut against the first expansion arm or the second expansion arm, the limit rod is fixed to the expansion plate, and one end of the limit rod is inserted into a limit hole opened on the slider, and the limit rod can move relative to the limit hole.

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