Boiler flue gas carbon removal method based on carbon capture
By using boiler flue gas to drive the turbine and generator to generate electricity, generate hydrogen, mix it with the boiler flue gas and ignite it, react to produce methanol and water, the problem of difficulty in reducing the carbon content in the boiler flue gas is solved in the prior art, and the effect of carbon capture and reducing carbon emissions is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510049007.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively reduce the carbon content in boiler flue gas, resulting in an increase in carbon emissions.
By pushing the turbine to work, the generator is driven to generate electricity, and the discharge equipment is used to generate hydrogen, mix the hydrogen with the boiler flue gas and ignite it, and react to generate methanol and water, thereby capturing the carbon elements in the boiler flue gas.
It effectively reduces the carbon content in the boiler flue gas, realizes carbon capture, and reduces carbon emissions.
Smart Images
Figure CN119971765A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of boiler flue gas decarbonization, and in particular to a boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture. Background Art
[0002] Carbon capture is the process of collecting carbon from the air to reduce the carbon content in the air. Biomass boiler flue gas is the flue gas produced when the boiler is burned. The boiler flue gas contains a large amount of carbon in the form of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. If the boiler flue gas is discharged directly into the atmosphere, it will lead to an increase in carbon emissions. Therefore, in order to reduce carbon emissions, it is necessary to reduce the carbon content in the boiler flue gas before discharging it.
[0003] At present, the commonly used method to reduce carbon emissions is usually to increase the oxygen content during boiler combustion to fully oxidize carbon into carbon dioxide, but this method still cannot significantly reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, how to reduce the carbon content in boiler flue gas has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art and provide a boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture.
[0005] The present disclosure provides a boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture, the method comprising:
[0006] Performing dust removal and filtration on the boiler flue gas generated by the boiler, and passing the boiler flue gas after dust removal and filtration into the power generation pipeline;
[0007] Passing the boiler flue gas in the power generation pipeline into a turbine, so that the boiler flue gas drives the turbine to work, and the turbine drives the generator to work to generate electrical energy, and the electrical energy is input into a discharge device, so that the discharge device works to generate hydrogen;
[0008] Passing the hydrogen into the boiler flue gas outlet to mix the hydrogen with the new boiler flue gas discharged from the boiler flue gas outlet to obtain mixed flue gas;
[0009] The mixed flue gas is ignited, so that the hydrogen in the mixed flue gas burns and reacts with the carbon dioxide in the new boiler flue gas to generate methanol and water.
[0010] Optionally, the method further comprises:
[0011] The mixed flue gas after the hydrogen combustion is passed into a cooling device, and the mixed flue gas after combustion is cooled by the cooling device to condense the methanol into liquid, and the methanol in liquid form is collected, and the cooled mixed flue gas is passed into the turbine to drive the turbine to work.
[0012] Optionally, the step of passing the mixed flue gas after the hydrogen combustion into a cooling device comprises:
[0013] The mixed flue gas after the hydrogen combustion is introduced into the bottom of the cooling device, and the cooled mixed flue gas is discharged from the top of the cooling device.
[0014] Optionally, a collecting chamber is provided at the bottom of the cooling device;
[0015] The collecting of the methanol in liquid form comprises:
[0016] The methanol is collected in liquid form using the collection chamber.
[0017] Optionally, the collecting chamber is in any one of a spherical, tubular or square shape, and a switch is provided on the side wall of the collecting chamber; and / or,
[0018] The cooling pipe of the cooling device is a gooseneck pipe, and the gooseneck pipe is a metal pipe or a glass pipe. When the gooseneck pipe is the metal pipe, the material of the gooseneck pipe is any one of iron, copper and aluminum.
[0019] Optionally, the turbine includes a rotating part, and the rotating part is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator through a coupling;
[0020] When the turbine is working, the boiler flue gas in the turbine drives the rotating part to rotate, driving the rotating shaft of the generator to rotate, so that the generator works to generate the electrical energy.
[0021] Optionally, the discharge device comprises a voltage stabilizer and an electrolytic cell, the voltage stabilizer is electrically connected to the electrolytic cell, and the voltage stabilizer is electrically connected to the generator;
[0022] The step of inputting the electric energy into a discharge device so that the discharge device operates to generate hydrogen includes:
[0023] The electric energy is input into the voltage stabilizer for voltage stabilization, and the stabilized electric energy is transmitted to the electrodes of the electrolytic cell to generate the hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
[0024] Optionally, the method further comprises:
[0025] A catalyst is added during the combustion of the hydrogen, wherein the catalyst comprises a copper-zinc catalyst or a copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum catalyst.
[0026] Optionally, the mixed flue gas is in a cavity with an opening when burning, and the combustion pressure in the cavity ranges from 5Mpa to 300Mpa, and the temperature in the cavity ranges from 225°C to 270°C.
[0027] Optionally, the dust removal and filtration of boiler flue gas generated by the boiler includes:
[0028] Passing the boiler flue gas into the bottom of the water storage chamber, using the clean water in the water storage chamber to remove dust from the boiler flue gas, and using the filter bag in the water storage chamber to filter the boiler flue gas;
[0029] Among them, the filter bag is arranged in the clean water of the water storage chamber, and the filter bag is located between the air inlet of the water storage chamber and the air outlet of the water storage chamber, the filter bag wraps the air outlet of the water storage chamber, and the air outlet of the water storage chamber is arranged above the water storage chamber.
[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes boiler flue gas to drive a turbine and then a generator to generate electricity, which is used to operate a discharge device to generate hydrogen, and then the hydrogen is burned at the boiler flue gas outlet to generate methanol and water, thereby effectively capturing carbon elements in the boiler flue gas and reducing the carbon content in the boiler flue gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.
[0032] Figure 1 A flow chart of a boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0033] Figure 2 A flow chart of a boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that in each embodiment of the present disclosure, many technical details are proposed in order to enable readers to better understand the present disclosure. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical scheme claimed for protection in the present disclosure can also be implemented. The division of the following embodiments is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of the present disclosure. The various embodiments can be combined and referenced with each other without contradiction.
[0035] One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a method for removing carbon from boiler flue gas based on carbon capture, the process of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including:
[0036] Step S110, dust removal and filtration are performed on the boiler flue gas generated by the boiler, and the boiler flue gas after dust removal and filtration is passed into the power generation pipeline.
[0037] Exemplarily, in step S110, the boiler flue gas generated by the boiler is subjected to dust removal and filtration, including: passing the boiler flue gas into the bottom of the water storage chamber, using the clean water in the water storage chamber to remove dust from the boiler flue gas, and using the filter bag in the water storage chamber to filter the boiler flue gas.
[0038] Among them, the filter bag is arranged in the clean water of the water storage chamber, and the filter bag is located between the air inlet and the air outlet of the water storage chamber, the filter bag wraps the air outlet of the water storage chamber, that is, the filter bag wraps the air outlet of the water storage chamber, which is located at the port in the water storage chamber, and the air outlet of the water storage chamber is arranged above the water storage chamber.
[0039] Specifically, step S110 can pass the boiler smoke into the bottom of the water storage chamber so that the boiler smoke and the clean water in the water storage chamber are fully in contact with each other to improve the dust removal effect. After the dust removal is completed, the clean water in the water storage chamber will be heated by the boiler smoke to a temperature higher than room temperature.
[0040] The filter bag is arranged in the clean water of the water storage chamber, that is, the clean water in the water storage chamber covers the filter bag, so that the boiler flue gas first contacts the clean water in the water storage chamber to remove most of the particles before entering the filter bag, thereby improving the dust removal and filtration efficiency.
[0041] The inner cavity of the filter bag wraps the air outlet of the water storage cavity to ensure that the boiler flue gas entering the water storage cavity can be completely filtered by the filter bag and discharged from the air outlet of the water storage cavity, so that the boiler flue gas in the filter bag can generate impact force to impact the inner wall of the filter bag, thereby causing the particles on the inner wall of the filter bag to fall off.
[0042] In addition, in order to further improve the dust removal and filtering effect, the air outlet of the water storage chamber can also be arranged above the water storage chamber, especially directly above the water storage chamber.
[0043] Step S120, the boiler flue gas in the power generation pipeline is introduced into the turbine, so that the boiler flue gas drives the turbine to work, and the turbine drives the generator to work to generate electricity, and the electricity is input into the discharge device, so that the discharge device works to generate hydrogen.
[0044] Specifically, the turbine includes a rotating part, which is connected to the rotating shaft of the generator through a coupling. When the turbine is working, the boiler flue gas in the turbine drives the rotating part to rotate, driving the rotating shaft of the generator to rotate, so that the generator works to generate electricity.
[0045] It should be noted that the pressure of the boiler flue gas entering the turbine is usually unstable, which causes the rotation speed of the turbine of the rotating part of the turbine to be uneven, and thus the magnitude of the current generated by the generator is also uneven. For this reason, in addition to the electrolytic cell for generating hydrogen, the discharge device is also provided with a voltage stabilizer, which is electrically connected to the generator and the electrolytic cell respectively, so as to stabilize the unstable direct current generated by the generator through the voltage stabilizer, and transmit the stabilized electric energy to the electrodes immersed in clean water in the electrolytic cell, so that the electrolytic cell generates hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
[0046] That is, in step S120, inputting electric energy into the discharge device to make the discharge device work and generate hydrogen may include: inputting electric energy into a voltage stabilizer for voltage stabilization, transmitting the stabilized electric energy to the electrodes of the electrolytic cell, and generating hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
[0047] The hydrogen generated by the discharge device can be collected through a hydrogen pipeline so that the collected hydrogen can be used in subsequent steps.
[0048] This embodiment uses boiler flue gas to generate electricity and uses discharge equipment to generate hydrogen, thereby effectively achieving the production of hydrogen required for carbon capture without introducing additional electricity and improving the utilization rate of boiler flue gas.
[0049] Step S130, hydrogen is introduced into the boiler flue gas outlet to mix the hydrogen with the new boiler flue gas discharged from the boiler flue gas outlet to obtain mixed flue gas.
[0050] Specifically, when the hydrogen generated by the discharge equipment is collected by the hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen collected by the hydrogen pipeline can be introduced into the boiler flue gas outlet to mix the hydrogen with the new boiler flue gas just discharged from the boiler flue gas outlet, thereby obtaining a mixed flue gas of hydrogen and the new boiler flue gas.
[0051] Step S140, igniting the mixed flue gas, causing the hydrogen in the mixed flue gas to burn and react with the carbon dioxide in the new boiler flue gas to generate methanol and water.
[0052] Specifically, in order to enable the hydrogen to react with the carbon dioxide in the mixed flue gas to generate methanol and water during combustion, thereby completing carbon capture, step S140 requires adding a catalyst during hydrogen combustion. In order to improve the reaction efficiency, the catalyst can be a copper-zinc catalyst or a copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum catalyst.
[0053] It should be noted that in order to avoid explosion during hydrogen combustion, it should be ensured that hydrogen is in an open environment during combustion. To this end, the combustion environment of the mixed flue gas can be a cavity with an opening, that is, the mixed flue gas is in a cavity with an opening during combustion. The combustion pressure range in the cavity can be 5Mpa to 300Mpa, and the temperature range in the cavity can be 225℃ to 270℃, so as to utilize the liquefaction of methanol and facilitate the discharge of methanol.
[0054] Exemplarily, the boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture also includes: passing the mixed flue gas that has completed hydrogen combustion into a cooling device, using the cooling device to cool the mixed flue gas after combustion to condense methanol into liquid, collecting the methanol in liquid form, and passing the cooled mixed flue gas into a turbine to drive the turbine to work.
[0055] Specifically, the methanol obtained in step S140 is usually in a gaseous state. Therefore, in order to prevent methanol from volatilizing, improve safety, and facilitate storage and transportation, this embodiment uses a cooling device to cool the methanol produced by the combustion of hydrogen to condense the methanol into a liquid, and the cooling device can be used to collect the liquid methanol.
[0056] Exemplarily, in order to improve the collection efficiency of liquid methanol, a collection cavity may be provided at the bottom of the cooling device. At this time, collecting the methanol in liquid form includes: using the collection cavity to collect the methanol in liquid form.
[0057] Exemplarily, the collecting chamber is in any one of a spherical, tubular or square shape. A switch is provided on the side wall of the collecting chamber to flexibly control the opening and closing of the collecting chamber and better manage the collection process of the liquid methanol.
[0058] In addition, in order to further improve the utilization rate of boiler flue gas, this embodiment further passes the mixed flue gas cooled by the cooling device into the turbine, so as to use the cooled mixed flue gas to drive the turbine to work and then drive the generator to work to generate electricity, and input the electricity into the discharge device to make the discharge device work to generate hydrogen for carbon capture.
[0059] Exemplarily, the mixed flue gas that has completed hydrogen combustion is passed into the cooling device, including: passing the mixed flue gas that has completed hydrogen combustion into the bottom of the cooling device, and discharging the cooled mixed flue gas from the top of the cooling device, so that the mixed flue gas that has completed hydrogen combustion is in full contact with the cooling device, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.
[0060] Specifically, the cooling pipe of the cooling equipment can be a gooseneck pipe, which is a metal pipe or a glass pipe. When the gooseneck pipe is a metal pipe, the material of the gooseneck pipe is any one of iron, copper and aluminum to further improve the cooling efficiency.
[0061] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the above implementation, a specific example is provided below for illustration.
[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, a boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture comprises the following steps:
[0063] First, the boiler flue gas generated by the boiler is passed into clean water, and the boiler flue gas is dusted by the clean water. The boiler flue gas after dust removal enters the filtering mechanism and is filtered by the filtering mechanism. The filtered boiler flue gas is passed into the power generation pipeline.
[0064] Afterwards, the boiler flue gas in the power generation pipeline is introduced into the turbine to drive the turbine to work. The operation of the turbine drives the generator to work and generate electricity. The electricity is input into the discharge device to make the discharge device work. The discharge device works to generate hydrogen, which is collected.
[0065] Afterwards, the collected hydrogen is introduced into the boiler flue gas outlet to mix with the boiler flue gas just discharged from the boiler flue gas outlet, and the hydrogen in the mixed flue gas is ignited. The hydrogen burns and reacts with the carbon dioxide in the boiler flue gas to generate methanol and water, thereby completing the carbon capture of the boiler flue gas and reducing the carbon dioxide in the boiler flue gas.
[0066] Finally, after the combustion of hydrogen is completed, the boiler flue gas is passed into the cooling equipment to condense the methanol produced during the combustion of hydrogen. The condensed methanol is liquid and is collected in the cooling equipment. The condensed boiler flue gas is driven by the turbine to drive the generator and then continues to be discharged into the subsequent processing equipment.
[0067] Compared with the prior art, the boiler flue gas decarbonization method based on carbon capture provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes the boiler flue gas to drive the turbine to work and then drive the generator to work to generate electricity, and the electricity is used to operate the discharge equipment to produce hydrogen, and then the hydrogen is burned at the boiler flue gas outlet to generate methanol and water, thereby effectively capturing the carbon element in the boiler flue gas and reducing the carbon content in the boiler flue gas.
[0068] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present disclosure, and in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A method for removing carbon from boiler flue gas based on carbon capture, characterized in that: The method comprises: Performing dust removal and filtration on the boiler flue gas generated by the boiler, and passing the boiler flue gas after dust removal and filtration into the power generation pipeline; Passing the boiler flue gas in the power generation pipeline into a turbine, so that the boiler flue gas drives the turbine to work, and the turbine drives the generator to work to generate electrical energy, and the electrical energy is input into a discharge device, so that the discharge device works to generate hydrogen; Passing the hydrogen into the boiler flue gas outlet to mix the hydrogen with the new boiler flue gas discharged from the boiler flue gas outlet to obtain mixed flue gas; The mixed flue gas is ignited, so that the hydrogen in the mixed flue gas burns and reacts with the carbon dioxide in the new boiler flue gas to generate methanol and water.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The mixed flue gas after the hydrogen combustion is passed into a cooling device, and the mixed flue gas after combustion is cooled by the cooling device to condense the methanol into liquid, and the methanol in liquid form is collected, and the cooled mixed flue gas is passed into the turbine to drive the turbine to work.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of passing the mixed flue gas after the hydrogen combustion into a cooling device comprises: The mixed flue gas after the hydrogen combustion is introduced into the bottom of the cooling device, and the cooled mixed flue gas is discharged from the top of the cooling device.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: A collecting chamber is provided at the bottom of the cooling device; The collecting of the methanol in liquid form comprises: The methanol is collected in liquid form using the collection chamber.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The collecting chamber is in any one of a spherical, tubular or square shape, and a switch is provided on the side wall of the collecting chamber; and / or, The cooling pipe of the cooling device is a gooseneck pipe, and the gooseneck pipe is a metal pipe or a glass pipe. When the gooseneck pipe is the metal pipe, the material of the gooseneck pipe is any one of iron, copper and aluminum.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The turbine includes a rotating part connected to the rotating shaft of the generator through a coupling; When the turbine is working, the boiler flue gas in the turbine drives the rotating part to rotate, driving the rotating shaft of the generator to rotate, so that the generator works to generate the electrical energy.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The discharge device comprises a voltage stabilizer and an electrolytic cell, wherein the voltage stabilizer is electrically connected to the electrolytic cell, and the voltage stabilizer is electrically connected to the generator; The step of inputting the electric energy into a discharge device so that the discharge device operates to generate hydrogen includes: The electric energy is input into the voltage stabilizer for voltage stabilization, and the stabilized electric energy is transmitted to the electrodes of the electrolytic cell to generate the hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: A catalyst is added during the combustion of the hydrogen, wherein the catalyst comprises a copper-zinc catalyst or a copper-zinc-chromium-aluminum catalyst.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: When the mixed flue gas is burning, it is in a cavity with an opening, and the combustion pressure in the cavity ranges from 5Mpa to 300Mpa, and the temperature in the cavity ranges from 225°C to 270°C.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The dust removal and filtration of boiler flue gas generated by the boiler comprises: Passing the boiler flue gas into the bottom of the water storage chamber, using the clean water in the water storage chamber to remove dust from the boiler flue gas, and using the filter bag in the water storage chamber to filter the boiler flue gas; Among them, the filter bag is arranged in the clean water of the water storage chamber, and the filter bag is located between the air inlet of the water storage chamber and the air outlet of the water storage chamber, the filter bag wraps the air outlet of the water storage chamber, and the air outlet of the water storage chamber is arranged above the water storage chamber.