Vibrator with adjustable exciting force

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibroflot with adjustable exciting force, and belongs to the field of vibroflots. The vibration impactor comprises a vibration impactor shell and an eccentric shaft, a balance weight structure movable cavity is formed in the vibration impactor shell, an eccentric shell is fixedly installed outside a center shaft, the eccentric shaft further comprises a fixed balance weight located in the eccentric shell, a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the eccentric shell, and an air bag is arranged in the second cavity. By arranging the air bag and / or the movable balance weight, the maximum exciting force and the no-load amplitude can be controlled by adjusting the oil injection pressure, and the maximum exciting force is continuously adjustable; the change of the mass-diameter product of the eccentric shaft is irrelevant to whether the eccentric shaft rotates or not, is irrelevant to steering and is irrelevant to the rotating speed; adjustment operation can be carried out at any time, and controllability is high; the vibration impact effects of low amplitude, high vibration frequency, high amplitude, low vibration frequency and the like can be achieved, and the vibration impact machine is multipurpose and wide in application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vibrators, in particular to a vibrator with adjustable exciting force. Background Art

[0002] The principle of the vibrator is to generate exciting force through the rotation of the eccentric rotor, driving the vibrator shell to vibrate in a circular manner. The vibration is transmitted to the soil around the vibrator, causing it to be compacted and liquefied. The eccentric shaft of a conventional vibrator generally has a fixed eccentricity, so the maximum exciting force and no-load amplitude at a certain speed are also fixed.

[0003] There are two links in vibratory construction: hole making and compaction. In the hole making link, it is generally hoped that the vibrator can have good penetration and pile formation at a faster speed. In the compaction link, it is hoped that the vibrator can have a greater effect on the surrounding soil. According to existing construction experience, vibrators with small amplitude and high speed have better penetration, while relatively large amplitude and low speed vibrators often have better compaction effects.

[0004] There is no mature technology for variable exciting force applied to vibrators. In actual construction, different types of vibrators are usually used alternately, which has limited construction efficiency and high construction cost.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a vibrator with adjustable exciting force, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A vibrator with adjustable exciting force comprises a vibrator shell and an eccentric shaft, wherein the eccentric shaft comprises a central shaft, a movable cavity of a counterweight structure is arranged inside the vibrator shell, the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the vibrator shell, an eccentric shell is fixedly mounted outside the central shaft, and the eccentric shell is located in the movable cavity of the counterweight structure; the eccentric shaft also comprises a fixed counterweight located in the eccentric shell, a first cavity for accommodating the fixed counterweight and a second cavity arranged opposite to the first cavity are arranged in the eccentric shell, an air bag is arranged in the second cavity; the second cavity is connected to the movable cavity of the counterweight structure by an oil inlet channel.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the first cavity and the second cavity are arranged in an axisymmetric manner, and the number of the first cavity is equal to the number of the second cavity.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, a movable counterweight for applying compression to the airbag is disposed inside the second cavity.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the movable counterweight is fixedly connected to the airbag, the airbag is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second cavity, and the connection between the airbag and the second cavity is arranged opposite to the movable counterweight.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the movable counterweight is located in the second cavity on the side close to the fixed counterweight.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the movable counterweight is located in the second cavity on the side away from the fixed counterweight.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the second cavity, the airbag and the movable counterweight are provided in plurality, and an airbag and a movable counterweight are provided in each second cavity.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, there are three of each of the second cavity, the airbag and the movable counterweight; the three second cavities are respectively marked as the first second cavity, the second second cavity and the third second cavity along the circumferential direction of the eccentric shell, and the first second cavity and the third second cavity are axially symmetrically arranged.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the volume of the first second chamber is equal to the volume of the third second chamber, and the ratio of the volume of the second second chamber to the volume of the first second chamber is x, 1.1≤x≤2.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, a third cavity located between the first cavity and the second cavity is further provided in the eccentric shell, the cross sections of the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are all fan-ring structures, the head end of the movable counterweight is adjacent to the head end of the fixed counterweight, the oil inlet channel is located between the head end of the fixed counterweight and the head end of the movable counterweight, the tail end of the movable counterweight is fixedly connected to the airbag, the connection between the airbag and the second cavity is adjacent to the third cavity, and the tail end of the fixed counterweight is adjacent to the third cavity.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The vibrator with adjustable exciting force of the present invention can control the maximum exciting force and no-load amplitude by setting an airbag and / or a movable counterweight and adjusting the oil injection pressure or the oil injection amount. The maximum exciting force is continuously adjustable.

[0019] 2. The change of the mass-diameter product of the eccentric shaft has nothing to do with whether the eccentric shaft rotates, the direction of rotation, or the speed; it can be adjusted at any time and has strong controllability.

[0020] 3. The structure of the vibrator is simple, and the eccentric shaft requires little modification.

[0021] 4. Depending on whether the vibrator is a fixed-frequency vibrator or a variable-frequency vibrator, the number and position of the airbags and movable counterweights can be adaptively adjusted to achieve vibratory effects such as low amplitude and high frequency or high amplitude and low frequency. One machine can be used for multiple purposes, thus increasing the scope of use of the vibrator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 2 The internal schematic diagram of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 2;

[0025] Figure 4 The internal schematic diagram of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 2;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 3;

[0027] Figure 6 The internal schematic diagram of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 3;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 4;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the vibrator with adjustable exciting force described in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figure 1 , 2As shown, a vibrator with adjustable exciting force includes a vibrator shell 10 and an eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft includes a central shaft 31, a counterweight structure active cavity 11 is provided inside the vibrator shell 10, and the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the vibrator shell 10; an eccentric shell 34 is fixedly mounted outside the central shaft 31, and the eccentric shell 34 is located in the counterweight structure active cavity 11; the eccentric shaft also includes a fixed counterweight 33 located in the eccentric shell 34, a first cavity for accommodating the fixed counterweight 33 and a second cavity 343 arranged opposite to the first cavity are provided in the eccentric shell 34, and an airbag 32 is provided in the second cavity 343; the second cavity 343 is connected to the counterweight structure active cavity 11 by setting an oil inlet channel 341.

[0033] The present invention is a vibrator that utilizes the gas-liquid pressure balance to change the mass-diameter product of the eccentric block, thereby changing the exciting force and amplitude. The eccentric shaft is an integral structure, and the shaft heads at both ends of the central shaft 31 are supported with bearings so that it is rotatably connected to the vibrator housing 10. In this embodiment, the first cavity and the second cavity 343 are axially symmetrically arranged, and the number of the first cavity is equal to the number of the second cavity 343. The fixed counterweight 33 can be made of a lead block. The airbag 32 is filled with a gas at a certain pressure (for example, the pressure is 1kgf / cm 2 ). After the airbag 32 is filled with gas, its shape fills the entire second cavity 343. The oil inlet channel 341 is located at the bottom of the eccentric shell 34. The movable cavity 11 of the counterweight structure and the internal space of the second cavity 343 are filled with lubricating oil.

[0034] During the pile construction phase, lubricating oil is injected into the vibrator housing 10 so that the oil pressure exceeds the original pressure (e.g., 1 kgf / cm 2 ), the airbag 32 is compressed, and the second chamber 343 in the eccentric shaft is occupied by lubricating oil. When most of the area of ​​the second chamber 343 is filled with lubricating oil, the pressure in the airbag 32 will rise to several times the original pressure (for example, 10 times, reaching 1MPa). At this time, the oil pressure is equal to the pressure in the airbag 32, and then this oil injection pressure is maintained. The mass of lubricating oil filled in the second chamber 343 offsets the mass of the other half of the eccentric shaft (part of the mass of the fixed counterweight 33), reducing the eccentric mass-diameter product of the eccentric shaft. Therefore, the exciting force and amplitude formed during rotation are relatively small.

[0035] On the contrary, during the compaction construction phase, the oil injection pressure is changed to be lower than the original pressure in the airbag 32. The gas in the airbag expands and discharges the lubricating oil in the second cavity 343 out of the second cavity 343. At this time, the eccentric mass-diameter product of the eccentric shaft increases. Therefore, the exciting force and amplitude formed during rotation are relatively large.

[0036] The advantages of this embodiment are:

[0037] The maximum exciting force and no-load amplitude can be controlled by adjusting the oil injection pressure. The maximum exciting force is continuously adjustable.

[0038] The change of the mass-diameter product of the eccentric shaft has nothing to do with whether the eccentric shaft rotates, the direction of rotation, or the speed; the adjustment operation can be performed at any time, and the controllability is strong.

[0039] The structure is simple and the changes to the eccentric shaft are few.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] With respect to Example 1, Figure 3 , 4 As shown, a movable counterweight 35 for applying compression to the airbag 32 is disposed inside the second cavity 343 , and the movable counterweight 35 is also preferably made of a lead block.

[0042] The movable counterweight 35 is fixedly connected to the airbag 32 , and the airbag 32 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second cavity 343 . The connection between the airbag 32 and the second cavity 343 is arranged opposite to the movable counterweight 35 .

[0043] In this example, the movable counterweight 35 is located in the second cavity 343 on the side close to the fixed counterweight 33 .

[0044] In this embodiment, when the eccentric shaft rotates, under the action of oil pressure and centrifugal force, the movable counterweight 35 squeezes the airbag 32 in the radial direction away from the rotation center (the center of the central axis 31). When the squeezing force exceeds the resistance in the airbag 32, the movable counterweight 35 starts to move, the airbag 32 starts to compress, and the air pressure in the airbag 32 further increases. When the resistance of the airbag 32 increases due to the increase in air pressure and becomes equal to the squeezing force of the movable counterweight 35 again, the movable counterweight 35 stops at the equilibrium position.

[0045] For a movable counterweight 35 of a fixed mass, corresponding to different original pressures, the corresponding rotation speed at which the movable counterweight 35 starts to move is different, and after reaching a higher rotation speed, the eccentricity of the place where the movable counterweight 35 stays is also different, and the maximum exciting force provided is also different.

[0046] A suitable original pressure is preset so that when the eccentric shaft rotates at a low speed, the movable counterweight 35 maintains the initial position unchanged, so as to obtain a larger eccentric force and form a low frequency and large amplitude effect.

[0047] When running at high speed, the movable counterweight 35 moves outward as the speed increases, so that the eccentric mass-diameter product of the eccentric shaft becomes smaller, so as to obtain a reasonable low amplitude and high frequency effect.

[0048] Compared with Example 1, the movable counterweight 35 is used, and the deformation and extrusion force of the airbag 32 are more controllable, and the overall stability is higher. Even if the vibrator is suddenly stimulated by an external force, the anti-interference performance is higher. In Example 1, when the vibrator is suddenly stimulated by an external force, the sudden deformation of the airbag 32 is more random, and the burden on the bearing is heavier.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, this example is different from Example 2 in that the movable counterweight 35 is located in the second cavity 343 on the side away from the fixed counterweight 33 .

[0051] Before the eccentric shaft rotates, lubricating oil with a certain oil pressure is injected into the active cavity 11 of the counterweight structure. By increasing the oil pressure, the gas in the airbag is compressed, and the airbag shrinks and becomes smaller, driving the movable counterweight 35 to move toward the rotation center. When the eccentric shaft rotates, the centrifugal force generated by the movable counterweight 35 tends to move outward (away from the rotation center). However, since the volume of the lubricating oil is incompressible, the movable counterweight 35 remains in place.

[0052] Compared with the solution of Example 1, the movable counterweight 35 of this embodiment has a more significant adjustment on the eccentric force. In addition, the maximum exciting force of the final vibrator is not affected by the centrifugal force, but only depends on the oil injection pressure. At different speeds, the corresponding maximum exciting force adjustment is less affected and disturbed, and the system stability is higher. Therefore, the vibrator of this embodiment is particularly suitable for variable frequency vibrators, and can also be used for fixed frequency vibrators.

[0053] In Example 2, since the movable counterweight 35 is also affected by the centrifugal force and moves in this embodiment, if multiple movable counterweights 35 are provided, the movement states of the multiple movable counterweights 35 may not match, especially at the moment when the speed of the eccentric shaft is switched, very large vibration may be generated, causing a very large burden / load on the bearing and the eccentric shell 34, greatly affecting the stability of the system and the service life of the equipment; therefore, the vibrator in Example 2 is usually not suitable for variable frequency vibrators, and is more suitable for fixed frequency vibrators.

[0054] On the basis of the present embodiment, further, the second cavity 343, the airbag 32 and the movable counterweight 35 are each provided with a plurality, and each second cavity 343 is provided with an airbag 32 and a movable counterweight 35. For example: the second cavity 343, the airbag 32 and the movable counterweight 35 are each provided with three; the three second cavities 343 are respectively marked as the first second cavity, the second second cavity and the third second cavity along the circumferential direction of the eccentric shell 34, and the first second cavity and the third second cavity are axially symmetrically arranged. The volume of the first second cavity is equal to the volume of the third second cavity, and the ratio of the volume of the second second cavity to the volume of the first second cavity is x, 1.1≤x≤2. If only a single large-volume movable counterweight 35 is used, the force-bearing area of ​​it and the airbag 32 is limited, and its response rate is limited during the application of the variable frequency vibrator. Instead, a plurality of independent second cavities 343 are used, and each second cavity 343 is provided with an airbag 32 and a movable counterweight 35. In this way, the force-bearing area is increased to the maximum extent. When the oil injection pressure in the movable cavity 11 of the counterweight structure changes dynamically, the frequency converter is used to adjust the rotation speed of the eccentric shaft, so that the response rate of the variable frequency vibrator can be maximized, and the requirements of fast response and high flexibility of the variable frequency vibrator can be further exerted, thereby meeting the characteristics of different materials and construction requirements.

[0055] From the perspective of stability and safety, x must be greater than 1. If x is too large, stability and safety will become very poor. If x is too small, the response will become poor. Therefore, preferably, x is preferably 1.33.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the eccentric shell 34 is further provided with a third cavity 344 located between the first cavity and the second cavity 343, the cross sections of the first cavity, the second cavity 343 and the third cavity 344 are all fan-ring structures, the head end of the movable counterweight 35 is adjacent to the head end of the fixed counterweight 33, the oil inlet channel 341 is located between the head end of the fixed counterweight 33 and the head end of the movable counterweight 35, the tail end of the movable counterweight 35 is fixedly connected to the airbag 32, the connection between the airbag 32 and the second cavity 343 is adjacent to the third cavity 344, and the tail end of the fixed counterweight 33 is adjacent to the third cavity 344.

[0058] Compared with the solution of embodiment 1, the movable weight 35 can move along the circumferential direction and approach the airbag 32 .

[0059] When the oil pressure in the second chamber 343 is relatively low, the movable counterweight 35 and the fixed counterweight 33 are close together, forming the largest eccentric mass-diameter product. As the oil pressure increases, the movable counterweight 35 compresses the airbag 32, the distance between the movable counterweight 35 and the fixed counterweight 33 increases, and the eccentric mass-diameter product decreases. When the oil pressure reaches a certain value, the movable counterweight 35 moves to a position completely opposite to the fixed counterweight 33, forming the smallest eccentric mass-diameter product; at this time, the third chamber 344 is a completely independent cavity, which forms a hollow structure with the compressed airbag 32, and the remaining second chamber 343 is filled with lubricating oil. Therefore, compared with Example 2, the eccentricity adjustment of this embodiment is not affected by centrifugal force and can provide a larger amplitude.

[0060] In order to maintain the stability inside the vibrator to the greatest extent, the volume of the movable counterweight 35 is equal to the volume of the third chamber 344 .

[0061] Example 5

[0062] To facilitate inflation, an inflation port 342 is provided at the top of the eccentric shell 34 , and an inflation valve is installed at the inflation port 342 .

[0063] After the air bag 32 is assembled, the inflation valve can be connected to an external air source, the inflation valve can be opened for inflation, and after inflation, the inflation valve can be closed. The air pipe between the inflation valve and the air source can be disconnected from the interface.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] In order to facilitate the injection of oil into the active cavity 11 of the counterweight structure, an oil injection hole 12 is provided on the top of the vibrator housing 10 .

[0066] A hydraulic device can be connected to the oil filling hole 12 to facilitate the adjustment of the oil filling pressure.

[0067] In other embodiments, a hydraulic lock (one-way valve) may be installed at the oil injection hole 12. After the oil injection is stopped, the hydraulic lock is locked, and the lubricating oil is trapped in the active cavity 11 of the counterweight structure.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] The airbag 32 can be installed by gluing, and the connection between the airbag 32 and the second cavity 343 and the connection between the movable counterweight 35 and the airbag 32 are both provided with a gluing layer 36. The gluing layer 36 is formed after the adhesive is cured.

[0070] In addition, it should be understood that those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A vibrator with adjustable excitation force, comprising a vibrator housing (10) and an eccentric shaft, wherein the eccentric shaft comprises a central shaft (31), a counterweight structure movable chamber (11) is provided inside the vibrator housing (10), and the eccentric shaft is rotatably connected to the vibrator housing (10), characterized in that: An eccentric shell (34) is fixedly mounted outside the central shaft (31), and the eccentric shell (34) is located in the active cavity (11) of the counterweight structure; the eccentric shaft also includes a fixed counterweight (33) located in the eccentric shell (34); the eccentric shell (34) is provided with a first cavity for accommodating the fixed counterweight (33), and a second cavity (343) arranged opposite to the first cavity; an air bag (32) is arranged in the second cavity (343); the second cavity (343) is connected to the active cavity (11) of the counterweight structure by an oil inlet channel (341).

2. A vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cavity and the second cavity (343) are arranged axially symmetrically, and the number of the first cavity is equal to the number of the second cavity (343).

3. The vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable counterweight (35) for applying compression to the airbag (32) is arranged inside the second cavity (343).

4. A vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable counterweight (35) is fixedly connected to the airbag (32), the airbag (32) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second cavity (343), and the connection between the airbag (32) and the second cavity (343) is arranged opposite to the movable counterweight (35).

5. The vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable counterweight (35) is located in the second cavity (343) on the side close to the fixed counterweight (33).

6. The vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable counterweight (35) is located in the second cavity (343) on the side away from the fixed counterweight (33).

7. A vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second chamber (343), the airbag (32) and the movable counterweight (35) are provided in plurality, and each second chamber (343) is provided with an airbag (32) and a movable counterweight (35).

8. The vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second chamber (343), the airbag (32) and the movable counterweight (35) are each provided in three pieces; the three second chambers (343) are respectively marked as the first second chamber, the second second chamber and the third second chamber along the circumferential direction of the eccentric shell (34), and the first second chamber and the third second chamber are provided in an axisymmetric manner.

9. The vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 8, characterized in that: The volume of the first second cavity is equal to the volume of the third second cavity, and the ratio of the volume of the second second cavity to the volume of the first second cavity is x, 1.1≤x≤2.

10. The vibrator with adjustable exciting force according to claim 3, characterized in that: The eccentric housing (34) is further provided with a third chamber (344) located between the first chamber and the second chamber (343); the cross sections of the first chamber, the second chamber (343) and the third chamber (344) are all fan-ring structures; the head end of the movable counterweight (35) is adjacent to the head end of the fixed counterweight (33); the oil inlet channel (341) is located between the head end of the fixed counterweight (33) and the head end of the movable counterweight (35); the tail end of the movable counterweight (35) is fixedly connected to the airbag (32); the connection between the airbag (32) and the second chamber (343) is adjacent to the third chamber (344); and the tail end of the fixed counterweight (33) is adjacent to the third chamber (344).

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