A machine component casting processing device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hoisting machine parts casting processing device and method, device includes support frame, first mould, second mould, third mould and fourth mould, second mould is fixed on support frame, the top of second mould is respectively arranged third mould and fourth mould symmetrically in two sides, the top of third mould and fourth mould is set first mould, the top of first mould is set up gate, the bottom of second mould is fixed with U-shaped frame, lifting plate is set in U-shaped frame, guide rod is slidably arranged on lifting plate, knock component is set on the two sides of telescopic rod, positioning slot is set in the top of second mould, channel is set in the inside of positioning slot;The present application realizes the accurate forming of V-shaped or U-shaped groove by four-mold structure design, adopts the design of bidirectional force of support plate and gate column, and the unique pretreatment knocking and continuous vibration mechanism, effectively solves the stress concentration, demolding difficulty and other problems in the process of traditional hoisting machine parts casting, significantly improves the casting quality and production efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a hoisting machine component casting processing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hoisting machine is a core power device in an elevator running system, mainly composed of a hoisting wheel, a motor, a brake, a speed reducer and the like. Some key components need to be manufactured by using a casting process due to their complex structure and special stress. The components usually include the hoisting wheel, the speed reducer box, the bearing seat and the like, and the parts have high requirements on strength, hardness and dimensional accuracy.

[0003] In the manufacturing process of the hoisting machine components, the casting process mainly includes mold preparation, sand core making, smelting, pouring, cooling and cleaning and the like.

[0004] A high-pressure casting machine rapid demolding ejection mechanism and high-pressure casting machine are disclosed in Chinese patent document (publication number: CN117226071A), which comprises a demolding plate, a demolding oil cylinder fixed on one side of the demolding plate, a demolding transition plate slidably mounted on the other side of the demolding plate via a guide rail, a positioning oil cylinder for driving the demolding transition plate to slide relative to the demolding plate, and a mold demolding connecting rod which is detachably locked on the demolding transition plate at one end and connected to the mold to be demolded at the other end. A plurality of through holes are formed in the demolding transition plate, and the through holes are connected by a small hole part and a large hole part. The one end of the mold demolding connecting rod is adjacent to a head part with a diameter matched with the large hole part and a neck part with a diameter matched with the small hole part. A plurality of matching concave hole grooves matched with the head part of the mold demolding connecting rod are formed on the other side surface of the demolding plate corresponding to the through holes of the demolding transition plate. Thus, the work efficiency of the mold replacement personnel is improved, and the demolding connecting rod is more convenient to disassemble and replace.

[0005] The outer periphery of the hoisting wheel has a plurality of closed V-shaped or U-shaped grooves, and has a cavity structure inside. When the metal casting mold is used for casting, demolding jamming is easily caused, and the hoisting wheel of the casting is easily damaged and cracked during demolding. In the demolding process, stress concentration is easily caused by applying force to a single point of the casting, which damages the casting and affects the casting quality. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a traction machine component casting processing device and method, by setting upper, middle and lower molds, the middle mold is divided into two, forming four molds for mold casting, the divided middle mold is conducive to the accurate molding of V-shaped or U-shaped grooves, and facilitates quick and complete demolding, ensuring the casting quality; the integral molding has a sprue column during the casting process, the bottom of the sand core is provided with a support plate that can move up and down, the lifting plate and the connecting plate are driven by the cylinder to move upward together, the support plate is lifted upward to the bottom of the casting, at the same time, the sprue column is pulled upward to the top of the casting, reducing the stress concentration of the casting and ensuring the casting quality; during demolding, the elastic component is driven by the cylinder to form continuous knocking on the traction wheel of the casting, generating continuous vibration impact to speed up the separation process between the casting and the sand core or the mold, reducing the probability of tearing and damage of the casting during demolding, and further ensuring the casting quality.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A traction machine component casting processing device, comprising a support frame, further comprising a second mold for fixing a sand core and containing a metal liquid, the second mold is fixed on the support frame, the top of the second mold is symmetrically provided with a third mold and a fourth mold on both sides, the top of the third mold and the fourth mold is provided with a first mold, the top of the first mold is provided with a sprue, and the first mold, the third mold and the fourth mold are all provided with a cylinder assembly; the bottom end of the second mold is fixed with a U-shaped frame, the inside of the U-shaped frame is provided with a lifting plate, the bottom end of the U-shaped frame is provided with a cylinder, the telescopic rod of the cylinder can be detachably connected with the lifting plate after penetrating through the U-shaped frame, a plurality of guide rods are slidably arranged on the lifting plate, and the guide rods are fixedly installed between the bottom plate of the U-shaped frame and the support frame; the two sides of the telescopic rod are provided with a knocking assembly; a plurality of positioning grooves are formed in the top of the second mold, the positioning grooves are used for fixing the sand core, and a passage is formed in the inside of each positioning groove; a plurality of vertical rods are fixed on the top of the lifting plate, the vertical rods correspond to the passages above, a support plate is fixed on the top of each vertical rod, the support plate is slidably installed in the passage, and the top of the support plate abuts against the sand core; the two sides of the lifting plate are provided with a connecting plate, one end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the lifting plate, the other end of the connecting plate is close to the first mold, and the end of the connecting plate is detachably connected with a horizontal plate; after casting, the metal liquid forms a casting in the mold, the metal liquid at the sprue forms a sprue column, the casting and the sprue column are integrally formed, and the sprue column and the connecting plate are connected and fixed through the horizontal plate; during demolding, the cylinder drives the lifting plate and the connecting plate to move upward, the support plate is lifted upward to the bottom of the casting, at the same time, the sprue column is pulled upward to the top of the casting, and the stress concentration of the casting is reduced.

[0009] Preferably, the knocking assembly comprises a clamping rod, a plurality of protrusions are arranged on the clamping rod in an interval, an elastic assembly is arranged on the side close to the protrusions, the top of the elastic assembly is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lifting plate, when the cylinder drives the lifting plate and the elastic assembly to move upward, the elastic assembly is released after abutting against the protrusions to realize knocking the lifting plate and accelerate the separation of the casting and the mold.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic assembly comprises an L-shaped plate, a sliding rod, a sliding block, a first spring, a first wedge, a second spring and a second wedge, the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate is arranged parallel to the lifting plate, the top end of the adjacent side plate of the L-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lifting plate, two sliding rods are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate, one end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the lifting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected with the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate; the sliding block and the second spring are sleeved on the sliding rod, and the second spring is located at the bottom of the sliding block; a sliding groove is formed in the sliding block, the first spring and the first wedge are mounted in the sliding groove, and the inclined surface of the first wedge is close to the protrusion; the second wedge is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate, the second wedge is arranged perpendicularly to the first wedge, and the inclined surfaces of the two wedges are parallel.

[0011] Preferably, the width of the inclined surface of the second wedge is smaller than the width of the first wedge; the projection planes of the protrusions and the second wedge do not intersect, and the projection planes of the protrusions and the second wedge both intersect with the projection plane of the first wedge.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the telescopic rod is detachably connected with the bottom of the lifting plate, a plurality of convex blocks are arranged on the end of the telescopic rod away from the cylinder, the convex blocks are distributed on the upper and lower radial planes, the convex blocks are distributed in an interval on the radial planes, the positions of the upper and lower convex blocks correspond to each other, and the upper and lower convex blocks have a spacing to form a channel; a lever is arranged on the end of the telescopic rod, and the lever is rotatably arranged in the channel of the upper and lower convex blocks.

[0013] Preferably, the lever comprises a positioning ring, a first half-arc rod and a clamping convex, the outer periphery of the positioning ring is fixedly connected with the first half-arc rod, the first half-arc rod is arranged close to the clamping rod, a limiting plate is arranged on the outer side of the first half-arc rod, and the limiting plate is fixedly connected with the clamping rod; an arc-shaped guide strip is arranged on the clamping rod, the end of the first half-arc rod can abut against the first wedge, and a plurality of clamping convexes are arranged in the positioning ring; the positioning ring is mounted in the channel of the upper and lower convex blocks, when the clamping convexes correspond to the positions of the convex blocks, the convex blocks support the positioning ring, and when the clamping convexes are misaligned with the convex blocks, the positioning ring freely falls without support.

[0014] Preferably, the knocking assembly is arranged in two groups, a second half-arc rod is additionally arranged on the positioning ring, and the first half-arc rod and the second half-arc rod are arranged in an array.

[0015] Preferably, the openings of the first half-arc rod and the second half-arc rod are opposite to each other.

[0016] Preferably, the material of the support plate is alumina.

[0017] Preferably, the method for processing by using the device comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, mold assembly:

[0019] S11, place the sand core on the second mold, embed the 6 protruding parts of the sand core bottom into the 6 positioning grooves on the second mold respectively, and place the cylindrical structure of the sand core into the corresponding blind hole of the second mold;

[0020] S12, uniformly spray release agent on the inner wall of all molds;

[0021] S13, combine the split third mold and the fourth mold of the middle mold to ensure accurate forming of the V-shaped or U-shaped groove;

[0022] S14, combine the first mold above the middle mold to complete the mold assembly;

[0023] S2, pouring:

[0024] S21, check the patency of the two sprues and the air vent on the top of the first mold;

[0025] S22, pour the molten metal into the two sprues at the same time to ensure uniform pouring speed;

[0026] S23, the molten metal solidifies in the mold to form a casting and a sprue column integrally formed therewith;

[0027] S3, pretreatment demolding:

[0028] S31, after the casting is sufficiently cooled, separate the first mold from the other molds;

[0029] S32, separate the third mold and the fourth mold of the middle mold;

[0030] S33, fix the through hole at one end of the horizontal plate on the sprue column, and fix the other end to the connecting plate with bolts;

[0031] S34, start the air cylinder, and keep the telescopic rod and the lifting plate separated:

[0032] S341, make the telescopic rod drive the push rod to reciprocate up and down under the constraint of the limiting plate;

[0033] S342, push the first wedge by the array cooperation of the first half-arc rod and the second half-arc rod, make the first wedge and the second wedge form extrusion on the inclined surface, generate pretreatment vibration, and the vibration wave propagates between the casting and the mold interface to break the microscopic cohesive force;

[0034] S4, formal demolding:

[0035] S41, the cylinder drives the telescopic rod to move upward;

[0036] S42, the first half-arc rod is disengaged from the limiting plate;

[0037] S43, the first half-arc rod rotates after contacting the arc-shaped guide strip above, drives the positioning ring to rotate to dislocate the clamping convex and the convex block, and the positioning ring and the rod fall freely after losing support;

[0038] S44, the telescopic rod continues to rise, the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lifting plate through the connecting joint, the cylinder drives the lifting plate and the connecting plate to move upward, and meanwhile, the following is realized: the support plate lifts the bottom of the casting upward through the vertical rod, and the top of the casting is pulled upward through the horizontal plate and the sprue column to realize the separation of the casting and the mold;

[0039] S45, the elastic assembly and the convex are cyclically matched;

[0040] S451, the first wedge abuts against the convex, and the sliding block compresses the second spring;

[0041] S452, the first wedge and the second wedge are in contact with the inclined surfaces, the first wedge compresses the first spring, the sliding block impacts the lifting plate to form knocking vibration under the reset force of the second spring, the interface bonding force between the casting and the sand core is uniformly weakened under the action of multiple continuous knocking, micro voids are formed to help air to penetrate, the vacuum adsorption force is reduced, and the casting and the sand core are separated.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. The hoisting machine component casting processing device adopts a four-mold structure design, including an upper first mold, a middle third mold and a fourth mold, and a lower second mold, the middle third mold and the fourth mold are beneficial to the accurate forming of the V-shaped or U-shaped groove, and facilitate rapid and complete demolding, avoid demolding jamming or damage to the casting, and ensure the casting quality; the pouring column is integrally formed during the casting process of the traction wheel, the bottom of the sand core is provided with a movable support plate, the lifting plate and the connecting plate are driven by the cylinder to move upward together, the support plate drives the bottom of the casting to be lifted upward, at the same time, the pouring column drives the top of the casting to be lifted upward, the upper and lower traction wheels of the casting simultaneously bear the upward force, which is beneficial to rapid demolding and reduces stress concentration of the casting, thereby ensuring the casting quality; before demolding, pretreatment knocking is performed, the vibration wave generated by the knocking is propagated between the interface of the casting and the mold, which can effectively break the micro adhesion between the surface of the casting and the mold wall, and at the same time, the residual stress generated during the cooling process of the casting is released, so that the interface bonding force is uniformly weakened, and the deformation or cracking of the casting caused by stress concentration in the subsequent demolding process is avoided; during the demolding process, the cylinder drives the lifting plate and the elastic assembly to move up and down reciprocatingly, the elastic assembly cooperates with the clamping rod to form continuous knocking, the vibration generated by the knocking is transmitted to the sand core and the traction wheel, and the continuous vibration impact forms micro gaps between the interfaces, which helps air to penetrate and reduces the vacuum adsorption force between the interfaces, thereby providing a physical gap for subsequent sand core crushing, facilitating sand core crushing and separation, reducing the risk of casting tearing, and further ensuring the quality of casting.

[0044] 2. The present application performs pretreatment knocking before demolding, which avoids the deformation or cracking of the casting caused by stress concentration in the subsequent demolding process; during this process, the telescopic rod of the cylinder is in a separated state from the lifting plate, the prong is installed on the telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod drives the prong to move up and down reciprocatingly in the area below the lifting plate, the end of the first half-arc rod on the prong moves up and down reciprocatingly, the first half-arc rod drives the slider of the elastic assembly and the first wedge block to cooperate to realize compression and release cycles, forming continuous knocking, and the vibration wave generated by the knocking breaks the micro adhesion between the surface of the casting and the mold wall, and at the same time, the residual stress generated during the cooling process of the casting is released, so that the interface bonding force is uniformly weakened.

[0045] 3、The device of the application is in the demolding pretreatment conversion to the demolding state, smooth transition, stable structure; in this process, when the cylinder drives the telescopic rod to move upward, the telescopic rod and the lifting plate are still in a separated state, when the telescopic rod continues to move upward, the first half-arc rod on the push rod is driven to move upward, then the first half-arc rod is separated from the constraint of the limiting plate and can rotate radially, in the process of continuous rising, the first half-arc rod contacts the arc guide strip and is driven to rotate, thereby driving the push rod and the positioning ring to rotate together, when the clamping convex and the convex block are misaligned, the positioning ring and the push rod fall freely to the bottom together without support; in the process of the telescopic rod continuing to move upward, the telescopic rod is connected to the lifting plate through the connecting joint at the bottom of the lifting plate, then the telescopic rod drives the lifting plate to move up and down reciprocatingly, further forming knocking with the elastic assembly; the initial separation state of the telescopic rod and the lifting plate ensures the independence of the pretreatment stage, the step-by-step conversion process ensures the smooth transition of the device between different working states, and improves the automation level and production efficiency of the whole demolding process, while ensuring the quality stability of the castings.

[0046] 4、The device of the application demolds, reduces the probability of tearing or damage; the cylinder extends to drive the lifting plate and the elastic assembly to move upward together, the inclined surface body of the first wedge of the elastic assembly is located outside the sliding block, the inclined surface body of the first wedge abuts against the protrusion to drive the sliding block to move away from the lifting plate on the sliding rod and compress the second spring at the same time, in the moving process, when the inclined surface body of the first wedge contacts the inclined surface body of the second wedge, the second wedge drives the first wedge to move to the inside of the sliding groove of the sliding block and compresses the first spring at the same time, when the first wedge moves away from the protrusion, the sliding block moves quickly to the lifting plate under the elastic force of the second spring to form knocking, the vibration generated by the knocking is transmitted to the traction wheel and the sand core, which is beneficial to smooth demolding and reduces tearing or damage; in the demolding process, the cylinder drives the lifting plate and the elastic assembly to move up and down reciprocatingly, the elastic assembly cooperates with the clamping rod to form continuous knocking, the vibration generated by the knocking is transmitted to the sand core and the traction wheel, the continuous vibration impact forms micro gaps between the interfaces, which helps air to penetrate and reduces the vacuum adsorption force between the interfaces, provides physical gaps for subsequent sand core crushing, is beneficial to sand core crushing and separation, reduces the risk of tearing of the castings, and further ensures the quality of casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the overall structure of the device of the application;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the traction wheel and the sand core of the castings product of the application;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the second mold structure and the internal structure of the U-shaped frame of the device of the application;

[0050] Figure 4It is the structure relationship solid schematic view of the lifting plate, the vertical rod and the clamping rod of the device of the application;

[0051] Figure 5 It is the solid schematic view of the elastic assembly and the installation structure of the push rod of the device of the application;

[0052] Figure 6 It is the solid schematic view of the elastic assembly and the split structure of the push rod of the device of the application;

[0053] Figure 7 It is the solid structure schematic view of the product traction wheel of the casting of the application;

[0054] In the figure: support frame-11; first mold-12; second mold-13; third mold-14; fourth mold-15; gate-16; cylinder assembly-17; U-shaped frame-18; lifting plate-19; connecting plate-20; cylinder-21; guide rod-22; traction wheel-23; sand core-24; positioning groove-25; channel-26; vertical rod-27; support plate-28; clamping rod-29; telescopic rod-30; elastic assembly-31; limiting plate-32; push rod-33; convex block-34; connecting joint-35; first half-arc rod-36; positioning ring-37; clamping convex-38; second half-arc rod-39; protrusion-40; arc-shaped guide strip-41; L-shaped plate-42; sliding rod-43; sliding block-44; first spring-45; first wedge-46; second spring-47; second wedge-48; gate column-49; cross plate-50; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments of the application.

[0056] The contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of the application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] As Figures 1-7As shown, a kind of hoisting machine component casting processing device, including support frame 11, also include the second mold 13 for fixing sand core 24 and containing metal liquid, second mold 13 is fixed on support frame 11, the top of the second mold 13 is symmetrically provided with third mold 14 and fourth mold 15 respectively, the top of the third mold 14 and fourth mold 15 is provided with first mold 12, the top of the first mold 12 is provided with sprue 16, and the first mold 12, third mold 14 and fourth mold 15 are all provided with cylinder assembly 17;The bottom of the second mold 13 is fixed with U-shaped frame 18, the inside of the U-shaped frame 18 is provided with lifting plate 19, the bottom of the U-shaped frame 18 is provided with cylinder 21, the telescopic rod 30 of the cylinder 21 can be detachably connected with the lifting plate 19 after penetrating the U-shaped frame 18, a plurality of guide rods 22 are slidably arranged on the lifting plate 19, and the guide rods 22 are fixedly installed between the bottom plate of the U-shaped frame 18 and the support frame 11;The two sides of the telescopic rod 30 are provided with knocking assembly;The top of the second mold 13 is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves 25, and the positioning grooves 25 are used for fixing sand core 24, and the inside of the positioning groove 25 is provided with passageway 26;A plurality of vertical rods 27 are fixed on the top of the lifting plate 19, the vertical rods 27 correspond to the upper passageways 26, the vertical rods 27 are fixed with support plates 28 on the top, the support plates 28 are slidably installed in the passageways 26, and the top of the support plate 28 abuts against sand core 24;The two sides of the lifting plate 19 are provided with abutment plates 20, one end of the abutment plate 20 is fixedly connected with the lifting plate 19, the other end of the abutment plate 20 is close to the first mold 12, and the end of the abutment plate 20 is detachably connected with the transverse plate 50;After casting, the metal liquid forms a casting in the mold, the metal liquid at the sprue 16 forms a sprue column 49, the casting and the sprue column 49 are integrally formed, and the sprue column 49 and the abutment plate 20 are connected and fixed through the transverse plate 50;When demolding, the cylinder 21 drives the lifting plate 19 and the abutment plate 20 to move upwards, so that the support plate 28 lifts up the bottom of the casting, and simultaneously drives the sprue column 49 to pull up the top of the casting, to reduce the stress concentration of the casting.

[0058] During casting, the sand core 24 of the casting traction wheel 23 is placed on the second mold 13, the second mold 13 is provided with six positioning grooves 25, the bottom of the sand core 24 is provided with a protruding portion, the protruding portion is placed in the positioning groove 25, and the positioning groove 25 is provided in the form of trapezoid to facilitate positioning and fixing.

[0059] The sand core 24 includes six fan-shaped structures and a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure is placed in the corresponding blind hole of the second mold 13.

[0060] After the sand core 24 is placed, the mold inner wall is sprayed with a release agent, the mold is closed, the middle mold (the third mold 14 and the fourth mold 15) is first combined, the upper first mold 12 is then combined, the smoothness of the gate 16 and the air vent of the first mold 12 is confirmed, the metal liquid is then injected into the two gates 16 at the same time, and the casting is completed after cooling and demolding.

[0061] The first mold 12, the third mold 14 and the fourth mold 15 are all provided with a cylinder assembly 17. It should be noted that the cylinder assembly 17 includes a fixed plate, a cylinder, a sliding sleeve and a guide pillar (not shown in the figure), etc. The cylinder is connected with an air source and a PLC component, and the extension and retraction distance of the cylinder is adjusted through a control assembly. The cylinder assembly 17 can be commercially available, and is prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0062] When demolding, referring to Figure 2 , the first mold 12 is first separated from other molds, and then the middle mold (the third mold 14 and the fourth mold 15) is separated.

[0063] The two side connecting plates 20 and the adjacent gate columns 49 are respectively connected and fixed through the cross plates 50. When fixed, the through hole of one end of the cross plate 50 is sleeved and fixed on the gate column 49, and the other end of the cross plate 50 is fixed with the connecting plate 20 through a bolt. At this time, the top of the casting traction wheel is fixedly connected with the lifting plate 19, the lifting plate 19 is fixedly provided with a vertical rod 27 at the top, the vertical rod 27 is fixedly provided with a support plate 28 at the top, and the support plate 28 abuts against the sand core 24. When the cylinder 21 drives the lifting plate 19 and the connecting plate 20 to move upward, the support plate 28 lifts the bottom of the casting upward, and at the same time drives the gate column 49 to pull the top of the casting upward, the upper and lower of the casting traction wheel are forced at the same time, the stress concentration of the casting is reduced, the damage of the traction wheel of the casting product is avoided, and the casting quality is improved.

[0064] By setting the upper, middle and lower molds, the middle mold is divided into two, forming four molds for mold casting, the divided middle mold (the third mold 14 and the fourth mold 15) is beneficial to the accurate molding of the V-shaped or U-shaped groove, and facilitates the rapid and complete demolding, thereby ensuring the casting quality; the pouring column 49 is integrally formed during the casting process of the traction wheel, the bottom of the sand core 24 is provided with a support plate 28 that can move up and down, the lifting plate 19 and the connecting plate 20 are driven by the cylinder 21 to move upward together, the support plate 28 is lifted upward to the bottom of the casting, and the pouring column 49 is pulled upward to the top of the casting, the upper and lower traction wheels of the casting simultaneously bear external force, which is beneficial to rapid demolding and reduces stress concentration of the casting, thereby ensuring the casting quality; during the demolding process, the elastic component 31 is driven by the cylinder 21 to form continuous knocking on the traction wheel 23 of the casting, the vibration generated by the continuous knocking helps to release the residual stress between the traction wheel 23 of the casting, the sand core 24 and the mold, the vibration can uniformly disperse the demolding stress, prevent stress concentration, reduce the risk of deformation and cracking during the demolding process, reduce the probability of tearing and damaging the casting during the demolding process, and further ensure the casting quality.

[0065] Further, the knocking assembly includes a clamping rod 29 fixedly connected with the second mold 13 and the bottom plate of the U-shaped frame 18; the clamping rod 29 is arranged in the through hole of the lifting plate 19 and maintains a distance therefrom without interfering with each other; a plurality of protrusions 40 are arranged on the clamping rod 29 in an upper and lower spaced manner, and the elastic component 31 is arranged on the side close to the protrusions; the top of the elastic component 31 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lifting plate 19; when the cylinder 21 drives the lifting plate 19 and the elastic component 31 to move upward, the elastic component 31 knocks the lifting plate 19 after abutting against the protrusions 40, thereby accelerating the separation of the casting and the mold.

[0066] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , when the cylinder 21 drives the lifting plate 19 to move, the elastic component 31 connected therewith also moves upward, in this process, the slider 46 of the elastic component 31 will abut against and displace the protrusions 40 on the clamping rod 29 in sequence, then the elastic component 31 will rapidly release the stored elastic potential energy after the pressure deformation accumulates to a certain degree, and this release will generate an upward impact force acting on the lifting plate 19; through this periodic compression and release process, continuous vibration and impact are generated during the demolding stage, thereby accelerating the separation process between the casting and the sand core;

[0067] The main role of this design is to generate regular vibration impact force through the interaction of the elastic assembly 31 and the plurality of protrusions 40, converting the continuous movement of the air cylinder 21 into intermittent knocking force; its beneficial effects are reflected in: the adhesion between the casting and the sand core is effectively broken through vibration impact, significantly improving the demolding efficiency; the multi-point dispersed impact force avoids stress concentration and reduces the risk of damage to the casting.

[0068] Further, the elastic assembly 31 includes an L-shaped plate 42, a sliding rod 43, a sliding block 44, a first spring 45, a first wedge 46, a second spring 47, and a second wedge 48. The bottom plate of the L-shaped plate 42 is arranged parallel to the lifting plate 19, and the top end of the adjacent side plate of the L-shaped plate 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting plate 19. Two sliding rods 43 are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate 42, one end of the sliding rod 43 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 19, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate 42. The sliding rod 43 is sleeved with a sliding block 44 and a second spring 47, and the second spring 47 is located at the bottom of the sliding block 44. A sliding groove is formed in the sliding block 44, and a first spring 45 and a first wedge 46 are arranged in the sliding groove. The inclined surface of the first wedge is close to the protrusion 40. The second wedge 48 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate 42, and the second wedge 48 is arranged vertically to the first wedge 46, and the inclined surfaces of the two wedges are parallel.

[0069] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 During the extension of the air cylinder 21, the lifting plate 19 and the elastic assembly 31 are driven to move upward together. The inclined surface of the first wedge 46 of the elastic assembly 31 is located outside the sliding block 44, and the inclined surface of the first wedge 46 abuts against the protrusion 40, driving the sliding block 44 to move away from the lifting plate 19 on the sliding rod 43 and compressing the second spring 47 at the same time. During the movement, when the inclined surface of the first wedge 46 contacts the inclined surface of the second wedge 48, the second wedge 48 drives the first wedge 46 to move into the sliding groove of the sliding block 44 and compresses the first spring 45 at the same time. When the first wedge 46 moves away from the protrusion 40, the sliding block 44 moves quickly toward the lifting plate 19 under the elastic force of the second spring 47 to form a knock. The vibration generated by the knock is transmitted to the mold, the traction wheel 23, and the sand core 24, which is beneficial to smooth demolding and reduces tearing or damage.

[0070] During the above process, when the first wedge 46 moves away from the protrusion 40, the first wedge 46 is reset under the action of the first spring 45, and the inclined surface of the first wedge 46 is located outside the sliding groove 44, which is beneficial to the formation of the next knock.

[0071] When the knocking is finished, the cylinder 21 contracts, driving the lifting plate 19 and the elastic assembly 31 to move downward, the first wedge 46 of the elastic assembly 31 also moves downward, the inclined surface of the first wedge 46 abuts against the protrusion 40, the first wedge 46 slides into the sliding groove of the sliding block 44 and simultaneously compresses the first spring 45; when the first wedge 46 is separated from the protrusion 40, the first wedge 46 is reset to extend out of the sliding block 44 under the reaction force of the first spring 45, and enters the next step;

[0072] In the process of the cylinder 21 driving the lifting plate 19 and the elastic assembly 31 to move up and down reciprocatingly, the above steps are repeatedly performed, continuous knocking is completed, and continuous vibration impact is generated, thereby accelerating the separation between the casting and the sand core.

[0073] Further, the width of the inclined surface of the second wedge 48 is less than the width of the first wedge 46; the projection surface of the protrusion 40 and the second wedge 48 does not intersect, and the projection surface of the protrusion 40 and the second wedge 48 both intersect with the projection surface of the first wedge 46.

[0074] Referring to Figure 6 , the width of the inclined surface of the second wedge 48 is designed to be less than the width of the first wedge 46, and such differentiated width design realizes reasonable force transmission. Meanwhile, in the spatial layout, the projection surface of the protrusion 40 and the second wedge 48 does not intersect, and the projection surface of the protrusion 40 and the second wedge 48 both intersect with the projection surface of the first wedge 46. The working principle of such special spatial layout design is to avoid mutual interference of the protrusion 40 and the second wedge 48 in the movement process by staggering the projection positions of the protrusion 40 and the second wedge 48, and to ensure effective force transmission by making them respectively intersect with the projection surface of the first wedge 46.

[0075] Further, the end of the telescopic rod 30 is provided with a detachable connecting joint 35 at the bottom of the lifting plate 19, and the telescopic rod 30 is provided with a plurality of convex stops 34 at the end away from the air cylinder 21, which are distributed on two radial planes, and the convex stops 34 are spaced on the radial planes, the upper and lower convex stops 34 are corresponding in position, and the upper and lower convex stops 34 have a spacing to form a channel; the end of the telescopic rod 30 is provided with a push rod 33, which is rotatably arranged in the channel of the upper and lower convex stops 34. Further, the push rod 33 includes a positioning ring 37, a first half-arc rod 36 and a clamping convex 38, the outer periphery of the positioning ring 37 is fixedly connected with the first half-arc rod 36, the first half-arc rod 36 is arranged adjacent to the clamping rod 29, the outer side of the first half-arc rod 36 is provided with a limiting plate 32, and the limiting plate 32 is fixedly connected on the clamping rod 29; an arc-shaped guide strip 41 is arranged on the clamping rod 29, the end of the first half-arc rod 36 can abut against a first wedge block 46, and a plurality of clamping convexes 38 are arranged inside the positioning ring 37; the positioning ring 37 is installed in the channel of the upper and lower convex stops 34, when the clamping convexes 38 correspond to the positions of the convex stops 34, the convex stops 34 support the positioning ring 37, and when the clamping convexes 38 are misaligned with the convex stops 34, the positioning ring 37 is free to fall without support. The openings of the first half-arc rod 36 and a second half-arc rod 39 face in opposite directions.

[0076] The connecting joint 35 belongs to the prior art; a Jan-type connecting structure similar to that used by a train can be selected, or a Chinese high-speed rail car connecting structure can be selected.

[0077] The connecting joint 35 can also be composed of the following components and their connection relationship: the end of the first half-arc rod is provided with a convex clamping joint, including a cylindrical clamping part and a tapered guide head, and an annular clamping groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the clamping part; the end of the second half-arc rod is provided with a concave sleeve matched with the convex clamping joint, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with an elastic clamping ring matched with the annular clamping groove, and the end of the sleeve is provided with a tapered guide surface. The elastic clamping ring is made of an elastic steel ring, and the inner diameter thereof is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the clamping part. When the two half-arc rods move relatively and collide, the tapered guide head of the convex clamping joint first contacts the tapered guide surface of the concave sleeve, and is centered under the guidance of the guide surface, and then the clamping part slides along the inner wall of the sleeve and compresses the elastic clamping ring. When the annular clamping groove is aligned with the elastic clamping ring, the elastic clamping ring is clamped into the annular clamping groove under the action of its own elastic force, thereby realizing quick and stable connection of the two rods. The end of the sleeve is also provided with a limiting boss, which abuts against the end face of the clamping joint to prevent excessive insertion. This design not only ensures the reliability of the connection, but also realizes quick and automatic docking, and improves the assembly efficiency.

[0078] It needs to be explained that before the upward force is applied to the casting, the telescopic rod 30 of the air cylinder 21 is in a separated state with the lifting plate 19, at this time the push rod 33 is installed on the telescopic rod 30, when the telescopic rod 30 drives the push rod 33 to reciprocate up and down in the area below the lifting plate 19, the end of the first half-arc rod 36 on the push rod 33 realizes reciprocating movement up and down; the end of the first half-arc rod 36 pushes the inclined surface of the first wedge block 46 to move downward, so that the inclined surface of the first wedge block 46 and the inclined surface of the second wedge block 48 form extrusion, and finally form the knocking of the elastic assembly to the lifting plate 19, the principle of this knocking process is similar to the principle of the knocking of the elastic assembly 31 and the protrusion 40, which will not be described in detail here.

[0079] This process is a pre-treatment knocking, which is a continuous knocking before the upward force is applied to the casting; the vibration wave generated by the continuous knocking propagates between the interface of the casting and the mold, and such vibration energy can effectively break the micro-bonding force between the surface of the casting and the wall of the mold, and can also promote the release of residual stress generated in the cooling process of the casting; secondly, from the principle of metal solidification, the casting will shrink during the cooling process, which will cause strong friction and local bonding between the surface of the casting and the mold cavity, and the pre-continuous knocking can gradually loosen this bonding state at the micro level, so that the interface bonding force is uniformly weakened; thirdly, from the perspective of mechanics, the vibration generated by the pre-knocking can make the contact stress between the casting and the mold tend to be uniform, avoiding the deformation or cracking of the casting caused by stress concentration in the subsequent demolding process; finally, from the process point of view, this pre-treatment process can significantly reduce the required force during the formal demolding, which not only protects the quality of the casting, but also prolongs the service life of the mold.

[0080] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , when the push rod 33 is installed on the telescopic rod 30, the upper and lower rows of convex blocks 34 on the telescopic rod 30 are located in the same vertical plane with the clamping convex 38, the upper and lower groups of convex blocks 34 limit the clamping convex 38 up and down, at this time the inner side of the first half-arc rod 36 of the push rod 33 is in close contact with the clamping rod 29, and the limiting plate 32 located outside the first half-arc rod 36 limits the radial movement of the first half-arc rod 36, which ensures the stable reciprocating movement of the push rod 33 during this process; further ensure that the spring assembly 31 continuously knocks the lifting plate 19.

[0081] When the above pre-treatment knock is completed, the air cylinder 21 will drive the telescopic rod 30 to move up, at this time, the telescopic rod 30 and the lifting plate 19 are still in a separated state, when the telescopic rod 30 continues to move up, the first half-arc lever 36 on the push rod 33 is driven to move up, and then the first half-arc lever 36 is out of the constraint of the limiting plate 32 and can rotate radially, in the process of continuing to rise, the first half-arc lever 36 contacts the arc-shaped guide strip 41 and is driven to rotate, thereby driving the push rod 33 and the positioning ring 37 to rotate together, when the clamping convex 38 is out of position with the convex block 34, the positioning ring 37 and the push rod 33 fall to the bottom together without support; in the process of continuing to move up of the telescopic rod 30, the telescopic rod 30 is connected through the connecting joint 35 at the bottom of the lifting plate 19, and then the telescopic rod 30 drives the lifting plate 19 to move up and down reciprocatingly, further forming a knock with the elastic assembly.

[0082] Further, the knock assembly array is arranged in two groups, the second half-arc lever 39 is arranged on the positioning ring 37, and the first half-arc lever 36 and the second half-arc lever 39 are arranged in an array.

[0083] Referring to Figure 6 By arranging two groups of knock assembly arrays and configuring the second half-arc lever 39 on the positioning ring 37, the first half-arc lever 36 and the second half-arc lever 39 are arranged in an array, so that more uniform vibration impact force distribution is realized. The knock assembly provides multi-point synchronous vibration through the arrangement of the two groups of arrays, avoids uneven force caused by single-point vibration, and the array cooperation of the first half-arc lever 36 and the second half-arc lever 39 forms a complete annular support structure, which not only enhances the stability of the overall structure, but also provides a more reliable positioning reference. This design significantly improves the uniformity and efficiency of the demolding process, reduces the risk of part deformation, and prolongs the service life of the mold and improves the quality stability of the casting due to more balanced force.

[0084] Further, the material of the support plate 28 is alumina.

[0085] Alumina has super-high hardness of Mohs 9 grade and excellent wear resistance, can withstand frequent mold installation and disassembly operations without obvious wear, and its excellent high-temperature resistance enables it to maintain dimensional stability in high-temperature casting environment and not to affect the accurate positioning of the mold due to thermal expansion and contraction. The good chemical stability of alumina ensures that the support plate 28 will not react with the casting in any way, avoiding pollution and adhesion problems, and its excellent heat conduction performance helps to uniformly distribute the temperature of the mold.

[0086] A method for processing by using the device, comprising the following steps:

[0087] S1, mold assembly:

[0088] S11, place the sand core 24 on the second mold 13, embed the 6 fan-shaped protrusions on the bottom of the sand core 24 into the 6 positioning grooves 25 on the second mold 13 respectively, and place the cylindrical structure of the sand core 24 into the corresponding blind hole of the second mold 13;

[0089] S12, uniformly spray the release agent on the inner wall of all molds;

[0090] S13, combine the split third mold 14 and the fourth mold 15 to ensure accurate formation of the V-shaped or U-shaped groove;

[0091] S14, combine the first mold 12 above the middle mold to complete the mold assembly;

[0092] S2, pouring:

[0093] S21, check the patency of the two sprues 16 and the air vent on the top of the first mold 12;

[0094] S22, pour the molten metal into the two sprues 16 at the same time to ensure uniform pouring speed;

[0095] S23, the metal liquid solidifies in the mold to form a casting and a sprue column 49 integrally formed therewith;

[0096] S3, pretreatment demolding:

[0097] S31, after the casting is cooled sufficiently, separate the first mold 12 from the other molds;

[0098] S32, separate the third mold 14 and the fourth mold 15 of the middle mold;

[0099] S33, fix the through hole at one end of the horizontal plate 50 on the sprue column 49, and fix the other end to the adapter plate 20 with bolts;

[0100] S34, start the air cylinder 21, and keep the telescopic rod 30 and the lifting plate 19 separated:

[0101] S341, make the telescopic rod 30 drive the push rod 33 to reciprocate up and down under the constraint of the limiting plate 32;

[0102] S342, push the first wedge block 46 through the array cooperation of the first half-arc rod 36 and the second half-arc rod 39, make the first wedge block 46 and the second wedge block 48 form extrusion, generate pretreatment vibration, and the vibration wave propagates between the casting and the mold interface, breaking the microscopic cohesive force;

[0103] S4, formal demolding:

[0104] S41, the air cylinder 21 drives the telescopic rod 30 to move upward;

[0105] S42, the first half-arc lever 36 of the dial lever 33 is released from the constraint of the limiting plate 32;

[0106] S43, the first half-arc lever 36 rotates after contacting the arc-shaped guide strip 41 above, drives the positioning ring 37 to rotate to make the clamping convex 38 dislocate with the convex block 34, and the positioning ring 37 and the dial lever 33 lose support and then freely fall;

[0107] S44, the telescopic rod 30 continues to rise, the telescopic rod 30 is fixedly connected with the lifting plate 19 through the connecting joint 35, the cylinder 21 drives the lifting plate 19 and the connecting plate 20 to move upwards, and meanwhile, the following is realized: the support plate 28 lifts the bottom of the casting upwards through the vertical rod 27, and the top of the casting is pulled upwards through the horizontal plate 50 and the sprue column 49, so that the casting and the mold are separated;

[0108] S45, the elastic assembly 31 and the convex 40 are cyclically matched:

[0109] S451, the first wedge block 46 abuts against the convex 40, and the sliding block 44 is displaced in a direction away from the lifting plate 19 after the second spring 47 is compressed;

[0110] S452, the first wedge block 46 is in contact with the inclined surface of the second wedge block 48, so that the first wedge block 46 enters the sliding groove of the sliding block 44 and simultaneously compresses the first spring 45, the sliding block 44 impacts the lifting plate 19 to form a knocking vibration under the reset force of the second spring 47, and under the action of multiple continuous knockings, the interface bonding force between the casting and the sand core 24 is uniformly weakened, micro voids are formed to help air to penetrate, the vacuum adsorption force is reduced, and the casting and the sand core 24 are separated.

[0111] The technical concept of the present application is illustrated by the above-mentioned embodiments, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present application must rely on the above-mentioned embodiments to be implemented. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the related improvements of the present application are within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hoist component casting processing apparatus comprising a support frame (11), further comprising a second mold (13) for fixing a sand core (24) and containing a molten metal, characterized in that, The support frame (11) is provided with a second mold (13), the top of the second mold (13) is symmetrically provided with a third mold (14) and a fourth mold (15), the top of the third mold (14) and the fourth mold (15) is provided with a first mold (12), the top of the first mold (12) is provided with a gate (16), the first mold (12), the third mold (14) and the fourth mold (15) are provided with a cylinder assembly (17); the bottom of the second mold (13) is provided with a U-shaped frame (18), the inside of the U-shaped frame (18) is provided with a lifting plate (19), the bottom of the U-shaped frame (18) is provided with a cylinder (21), the telescopic rod (30) of the cylinder (21) penetrates through the U-shaped frame (18) and is close to the lifting plate (19), a plurality of guide rods (22) are slidably arranged on the lifting plate (19), the guide rods (22) are fixedly installed between the bottom plate of the U-shaped frame (18) and the support frame (11); the two sides of the telescopic rod (30) are provided with a knocking assembly; the top of the second mold (13) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves (25), the positioning grooves (25) are used for fixing a sand core (24), the inside of the positioning groove (25) is provided with a channel (26); the top of the lifting plate (19) is fixedly provided with a plurality of vertical rods (27), the vertical rods (27) correspond to the channels (26) above, the top of the vertical rod (27) is fixedly provided with a support plate (28), the support plate (28) is slidably installed in the channel (26), and the top of the support plate (28) abuts against the sand core (24); the two sides of the lifting plate (19) are provided with a link plate (20), one end of the link plate (20) is fixedly connected with the lifting plate (19), the other end of the link plate (20) is close to the first mold (12), and the end of the link plate (20) is detachably connected with a horizontal plate (50); after casting, the metal liquid forms a casting in the mold, the metal liquid at the gate (16) forms a gate column (49), the casting and the gate column (49) are integrally formed, and the gate column (49) and the link plate (20) are connected and fixed through the horizontal plate (50); when demolding, the cylinder (21) drives the lifting plate (19) and the link plate (20) to move upwards, the support plate (28) is lifted upwards to the bottom of the casting, and the gate column (49) is pulled upwards to the top of the casting, so that the stress concentration of the casting is reduced; the knocking assembly comprises a clamping rod (29), a plurality of protrusions (40) are arranged at intervals on the clamping rod (29), an elastic assembly (31) is arranged on the side close to the protrusion, the top of the elastic assembly (31) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the lifting plate (19), when the cylinder (21) drives the lifting plate (19) and the elastic assembly (31) to move upwards, the elastic assembly (31) is compressed after abutting against the protrusion (40) and is released to knock the lifting plate (19), so that the casting is separated from the mold.

2. The hoist component casting processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The elastic assembly (31) comprises an L-shaped plate (42), a sliding rod (43), a sliding block (44), a first spring (45), a first wedge block (46), a second spring (47) and a second wedge block (48), the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate (42) is arranged parallel to the lifting plate (19), the top end of the adjacent side plate of the L-shaped plate (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the lifting plate (19), two sliding rods (43) are fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate (42), one end of the sliding rod (43) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (19), and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate (42); the sliding rod (43) is sleeved with the sliding block (44) and the second spring (47), the second spring (47) is located at the bottom of the sliding block (44); a sliding groove is formed in the sliding block (44), the first spring (45) and the first wedge block (46) are arranged in the sliding groove, and the inclined surface of the first wedge block is close to the protrusion (40); the second wedge block (48) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate of the L-shaped plate (42), the second wedge block (48) is arranged perpendicularly to the first wedge block (46), and the inclined surfaces of the two wedge blocks are opposite and parallel.

3. The hoist component casting machining apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, The inclined surface of the second wedge block (48) is smaller than the width of the first wedge block (46); the projection planes of the protrusion (40) and the second wedge block (48) do not intersect, and the projection planes of the protrusion (40) and the second wedge block (48) all intersect with the projection plane of the first wedge block (46).

4. The hoist component casting machining apparatus according to claim 3, characterized by, The end of the telescopic rod (30) and the bottom of the lifting plate (19) are provided with a detachable connecting joint (35), the end of the telescopic rod (30) away from the air cylinder (21) is provided with a plurality of convex stops (34), the convex stops (34) are distributed on two radial planes, the convex stops (34) are spaced apart on the radial planes, the upper and lower convex stops (34) are positionally corresponding, and the upper and lower convex stops (34) have a spacing to form a channel; the end of the telescopic rod (30) is provided with a push rod (33), and the push rod (33) is rotatably arranged in the channel of the upper and lower convex stops (34).

5. The hoist component casting machining apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by, The push rod (33) comprises a positioning ring (37), a first half-arc rod (36) and a clamping convex (38), the outer periphery of the positioning ring (37) is fixedly connected with the first half-arc rod (36), the first half-arc rod (36) is arranged close to the clamping rod (29), the outer side of the first half-arc rod (36) is provided with a limiting plate (32), and the limiting plate (32) is fixedly connected to the clamping rod (29); an arc-shaped guide strip (41) is arranged on the clamping rod (29), the end of the first half-arc rod (36) can abut against the first wedge block (46), and a plurality of clamping convexes (38) are arranged in the positioning ring (37); the positioning ring (37) is arranged in the channel of the upper and lower convex stops (34), when the clamping convex (38) is positionally corresponding to the convex stop (34), the convex stop (34) supports the positioning ring (37), and when the clamping convex (38) is misaligned with the convex stop (34), the positioning ring (37) is free to fall without support.

6. The hoist component casting machining apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by, The knocking component array is arranged in two groups, and a second half-arc rod (39) is additionally arranged on the positioning ring (37), and the first half-arc rod (36) and the second half-arc rod (39) are arranged in an array.

7. The hoist component casting machining apparatus according to claim 6, characterized by, The openings of the first half-arc rod (36) and the second half-arc rod (39) are oppositely directed.

8. The hoist component casting machining apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, The lifting plate (19) is provided with a through hole, and the clamping rod (29) is arranged in the through hole of the lifting plate (19) and keeps a distance from the lifting plate (19) without interfering with each other.

9. A method of processing using the apparatus of claim 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, mold assembly: S11, place the sand core (24) on the second mold (13), and embed the six protruding parts of the bottom of the sand core (24) in the six positioning grooves (25) on the second mold (13) respectively, and place the cylindrical structure of the sand core (24) in the corresponding blind hole of the second mold (13); S12, uniformly spray the release agent on the inner wall of all molds; S13, combine the split third mold (14) and the fourth mold (15) to ensure the accurate forming of the V-shaped or U-shaped groove; S14, combine the first mold (12) above the middle mold to complete the mold assembly; S2, pouring: S21, check the smoothness of the two sprues (16) and the air outlet hole at the top of the first mold (12); S22, pour the molten metal into the two sprues (16) at the same time to ensure uniform pouring speed; S23, the molten metal solidifies in the mold to form a casting and a sprue column (49) integrally formed therewith; S3, pretreatment demolding: S31, after the casting is sufficiently cooled, separate the first mold (12) from the other molds; S32, separate the third mold (14) and the fourth mold (15) of the middle mold; S33, fix the through hole at one end of the horizontal plate (50) on the sprue column (49), and fix the other end to the connecting plate (20) with bolts; S34, start the air cylinder (21), and keep the telescopic rod (30) and the lifting plate (19) separated: S341, make the telescopic rod (30) drive the push rod (33) to reciprocate up and down under the constraint of the limiting plate (32); S342, push the first wedge (46) through the array cooperation of the first half-arc rod (36) and the second half-arc rod (39), so that the inclined surfaces of the first wedge (46) and the second wedge (48) are extruded to generate pretreatment vibration, and the vibration wave propagates between the casting and the mold interface to break the microscopic cohesive force; S4, formal demolding: S41, the air cylinder (21) drives the telescopic rod (30) to move upward; S42, make the first half-arc rod (36) of the push rod (33) disengage from the constraint of the limiting plate (32); S43, after the first half-arc rod (36) contacts the arc-shaped guide strip (41) above and rotates, the positioning ring (37) rotates to make the clamping convex (38) dislocate from the convex block (34), and the positioning ring (37) and the push rod (33) fall freely after losing support. S44, the telescopic rod (30) continues to rise, the telescopic rod (30) is fixedly connected with the lifting plate (19) through the connecting joint (35), the cylinder (21) drives the lifting plate (19) and the adapter plate (20) to move upwards, and meanwhile, the following effects are realized: the support plate (28) lifts the bottom of the casting upwards through the vertical rod (27), and the top of the casting is pulled upwards through the horizontal plate (50) and the sprue column (49), so that the casting is separated from the mold; S45, the elastic assembly (31) is cyclically matched with the protrusion (40); S451, the first wedge block (46) abuts against the protrusion (40), and the slider (44) is displaced away from the lifting plate (19) after the second spring (47) is compressed; S452, the first wedge block (46) is in contact with the second wedge block (48) in a slope manner, so that the first wedge block (46) enters the sliding groove of the slider (44) and simultaneously compresses the first spring (45), the slider (44) impacts the lifting plate (19) to form knocking vibration under the resetting force of the second spring (47), the interface bonding force between the casting and the sand core (24) is uniformly weakened under the effect of multiple continuous knockings, micro voids are formed to help air to penetrate, vacuum adsorption force is reduced, and the casting is separated from the sand core (24).

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