Dustproof powder spreading mechanism and metal 3D printing equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a dustproof powder laying mechanism and metal 3D printing equipment, and belongs to the technical field of metal 3D printing, the dustproof powder laying mechanism comprises a forming cabin, and the forming cabin comprises a bottom plate and two side plates; the forming cylinder is connected with the bottom plate; the forming plate is connected with the top end of the forming cylinder; the dustproof module is arranged between the forming plate and the bottom plate; a sealing cavity is formed among the bottom plate, the forming cylinder, the forming plate, the two dustproof modules and the two side plates; the powder spreading module comprises two sliding assemblies and two execution assemblies, the first powder spreading arm is arranged in the sealing cavity, the second powder spreading arm is arranged outside the sealing cavity, and the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm are connected through the dustproof module; the powder spreading device has the beneficial effects that the dustproof module is arranged between the forming plate and the bottom plate, the bottom plate, the forming cylinder, the forming plate, the dustproof module and the side plates jointly form the sealing cavity, dust in the forming cabin is effectively prevented from entering the sealing cavity, and therefore the powder spreading module is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal 3D printing, and relates to a dust-proof powder spreading mechanism and metal 3D printing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a metal 3D printing technology, which belongs to Additive Manufacturing (AM). In the metal 3D printing process, a thin layer of metal powder is first spread on a forming platform, and then the laser beam moves according to the path generated by the slicing software to selectively melt specific areas in the layer of powder, causing it to solidify into a two-dimensional cross-section. When a layer is completed, the forming platform will drop a layer thickness, and new metal powder will be laid on it. Repeat the above process until the entire part is completed.

[0003] In the above-mentioned metal 3D printing process, a large amount of vaporization products, smoke, splashes and other particles will be generated. These particles float in the entire forming chamber under the action of the circulating wind field; the powder in the powder spreading process will also cause powder floating under the joint action of the scraper and the circulating wind field.

[0004] The traditional powder spreading mechanism must retain a certain number of long holes to ensure that the movement of the powder spreading arm is not affected. However, during the printing process, except for a small part of the entire long hole filled by the powder spreading arm, most of the rest are in an open or semi-open state. Therefore, during the printing process, these floating particles will easily enter the interior of the powder spreading device along the open long holes, polluting the operating environment of the internal guide rails, sliders, etc. In severe cases, the guide rails will be damaged due to severe wear, reducing the service life of the guide rails, sliders, etc., thereby greatly increasing the later maintenance cost of metal 3D printing equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to propose a dust-proof powder spreading mechanism and a metal 3D printing device.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A dust-proof powder spreading mechanism, comprising:

[0007] A forming chamber, wherein the forming chamber is configured as a box-shaped structure, and the forming chamber comprises a bottom plate and two side plates respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate;

[0008] A forming cylinder, the forming cylinder is connected to the bottom plate, and a part of the forming cylinder is located in the forming cabin;

[0009] A forming plate, the forming plate is located in the forming chamber, the forming plate covers the top end of the forming cylinder, and the two ends of the forming plate are respectively sealed and connected to the two side plates;

[0010] A dustproof module, the dustproof module is sealingly arranged between the forming plate and the bottom plate, and the two ends of the dustproof module are respectively sealed and connected to the two side plates, the number of the dustproof modules is two, and the two dustproof modules are respectively located on both sides of the forming cylinder;

[0011] A sealed cavity is formed between the bottom plate, the forming cylinder, the forming plate, the two dustproof modules and the two side plates, and the sealed cavity is isolated from the rest of the space in the forming cabin;

[0012] A powder spreading module, the powder spreading module includes two sliding components and two executing components, the executing components include a first powder spreading arm and a second powder spreading arm, the two sliding components are installed in the sealed cavity, the first powder spreading arms of the two executing components are both located in the sealed cavity and are respectively close to the two dustproof modules, the second powder spreading arms of the two executing components are both located in the forming chamber and are respectively adjacent to the two sides of the sealed cavity, the first powder spreading arms of the two executing components are respectively connected to the two sliding components, and the second powder spreading arms of the executing components are fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arm via the dustproof module.

[0013] Preferably, the dustproof module includes a first dustproof plate and a dustproof belt, the first dustproof plate is sealed and connected to the base plate, the forming plate and the two side plates, the first dustproof plate is provided with a first strip hole, the dustproof belt is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate and seals the first strip hole, and the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm of the actuator are respectively fixedly connected to the two side surfaces of the dustproof belt.

[0014] Preferably, the dustproof module also includes a second dustproof plate, which is connected to the first dustproof plate through a number of elastic connection components, the elastic connection components include screws and springs, the screws pass through the second dustproof plate and are fixedly connected to the first dustproof plate, the spring is sleeved on the screws and is connected in contact with the second dustproof plate, the dustproof belt is arranged between the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate, the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate have a movement tendency to clamp the dustproof belt under the pre-tightening action of the spring, and the second dustproof plate, the dustproof belt and the first dustproof plate fit tightly.

[0015] Preferably, a first felt is installed on a side of the first dustproof plate facing the second dustproof plate, and a second felt is installed on a side of the second dustproof plate facing the first dustproof plate. The first felt and the second felt clamp the dustproof belt under the pre-tightening action of the spring to form a sealing structure.

[0016] Preferably, a first mounting groove is provided on a side of the first dustproof plate facing the second dustproof plate, and the first felt is provided in the first mounting groove; a second mounting groove is provided on a side of the second dustproof plate facing the first dustproof plate, and the second felt is provided in the second mounting groove.

[0017] Preferably, the second dustproof plate is provided with a second strip hole, the second strip hole is aligned with the first strip hole, the end of the first powder-spreading arm is located in the second strip hole and is tightly attached to one side of the dustproof belt, and the end of the second powder-spreading arm is located in the first strip hole and is tightly attached to the other side of the dustproof belt.

[0018] Preferably, the dustproof module further includes two guide wheels, the dustproof belt is sleeved on the two guide wheels to form a transmission belt structure, and a section of the dustproof belt is located between the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate.

[0019] Preferably, the forming chamber has two deposition chambers, the two deposition chambers are adjacent to the sealing chamber on both sides, the second powder spreading arms of the two execution components are respectively located in the two deposition chambers, and the bottom plate is provided with a powder dropping groove at the part corresponding to the bottom of the deposition chamber.

[0020] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a guide rail and a slider, the guide rail is fixedly arranged on the portion of the base plate corresponding to the bottom of the sealing chamber, the slider is slidably connected to the guide rail, the first powder spreading arm is fixedly connected to the slider, and a first accordion cover and a second accordion cover are provided on the guide rail, the fixed end of the first accordion cover and the fixed end of the second accordion cover are respectively located at the two ends of the guide rail, the two ends of the slider are respectively fixedly connected to the movable end of the first accordion cover and the movable end of the second accordion cover, and the first accordion cover and the second accordion cover are configured to telescope with the sliding of the slider.

[0021] A metal 3D printing device comprises: the dustproof powder spreading mechanism, the dustproof powder spreading mechanism also comprises a powder spreading frame, the powder spreading frame is located above a forming plate, and the two ends of the powder spreading frame are respectively fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms of two execution components.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. A dustproof module is arranged between the forming plate and the bottom plate. The bottom plate, the forming cylinder, the forming plate, the two dustproof modules and the two side plates together form a sealed cavity, which effectively prevents the dust in the forming cabin from entering the sealed cavity, thereby protecting the powder spreading module.

[0024] 2. The dustproof belt seals the first strip hole no matter when it is stationary or when it moves with the powder spreading arm. That is, no matter where the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm are, the dustproof belt can cover the entire first strip hole, so that dust cannot enter the sealing cavity from the first strip hole.

[0025] 3. The second dustproof plate is arranged face to face with the first dustproof plate, and the two are clamped under the action of the spring of the elastic connection component, so the dustproof belt between the two is clamped between the second dustproof plate and the first dustproof plate, ensuring that the dustproof belt can firmly seal the first strip hole under the action of the preload force of the spring. The dustproof belt is sandwiched between the first dustproof plate and the second dustproof plate, so that the three fit tightly, which not only ensures the stability of the dustproof belt during movement, but also effectively prevents dust or smoke from leaking into the sealing cavity from the gap between the dustproof belt and the first dustproof plate.

[0026] 4. The felt can fit tightly with the dustproof belt, eliminating any possible gaps and ensuring that dust cannot pass through the gap between the dustproof belt and the felt. In addition, the dustproof belt can still slide between the first felt and the second felt to achieve relative movement between the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm. The presence of the felt will not significantly affect the sliding performance of the dustproof belt, while effectively preventing dust or smoke from entering the sealing chamber from the outside. The elasticity provided by the spring allows the dustproof belt to be slightly adjusted when subjected to external pressure changes, maintaining a long-term stable sealing state. The compression characteristics of the felt can also adapt to this fine-tuning to ensure that the sealing is not affected.

[0027] 5. As the slider moves, the accordion cover can flexibly extend or contract, always maintaining effective coverage of the guide rail. On the basis of the primary dust-proof effect of the dust-proof belt, the accordion cover can effectively prevent the dust inside the powder-spreading mechanism from falling onto the mating surface of the guide rail and the slider, thereby playing a secondary dust-proof role. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust-proof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural exploded view of the dustproof module of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4It is a structural exploded view of the dust-proof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is an axonometric view of the dust-proof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a top view of the dust-proof powder spreading mechanism of the present invention with the forming plate removed.

[0034] In the figure, 100, forming cabin; 110, bottom plate; 120, side plate; 130, sealing chamber; 140, deposition chamber; 141, powder dropping groove; 200, forming cylinder; 300, forming plate; 400, actuator; 410, first powder spreading arm; 420, second powder spreading arm; 430, first dustproof plate; 431, first strip hole; 432, first felt; 433, first mounting groove; 440, dustproof belt; 441, guide wheel; 450, second dustproof plate; 451, second strip hole; 452, second felt; 453, second mounting groove; 460, screw; 470, spring; 480, guide rail; 490, slider; 510, first accordion cover; 520, second accordion cover; 600, powder spreading rack; 700, forming substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a dust-proof powder spreading mechanism comprises: a forming cabin 100, which is set to a box-shaped structure, and the forming cabin 100 comprises a bottom plate 110 and two side plates 120 respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate 110; a forming cylinder 200, which is connected to the bottom plate 110, and a part of the forming cylinder 200 is located in the forming cabin 100; a forming plate 300, which is located in the forming cabin 100, and the forming plate 300 covers the top of the forming cylinder 200, and the two ends of the forming plate 300 are respectively sealed and connected to the two side plates 120; a dust-proof module, which is sealed and arranged between the forming plate 300 and the bottom plate 110, and the two ends of the dust-proof module are respectively sealed and connected to the two side plates 120, and the number of the dust-proof modules is two, and the two dust-proof modules are respectively located on both sides of the forming cylinder 200; the bottom plate 110, the forming cylinder 200, the forming plate 300, a sealed cavity 130 is formed between the two dustproof modules and the two side panels 120, and the sealed cavity 130 is isolated from the rest of the space in the forming chamber 100; a powder spreading module, the powder spreading module includes two sliding components and two actuator components 400, the actuator component 400 includes a first powder spreading arm 410 and a second powder spreading arm 420, the two sliding components are installed in the sealed cavity 130, the first powder spreading arms 410 of the two actuator components 400 are both located in the sealed cavity 130 and are respectively close to the two dustproof modules, the second powder spreading arms 420 of the two actuator components 400 are both located in the forming chamber 100 and are respectively adjacent to the two sides of the sealed cavity 130, the first powder spreading arms 410 of the two actuator components 400 are respectively connected to the two sliding components, and the second powder spreading arms 420 of the actuator components 400 are fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms 420 via the dustproof modules.

[0037] In the embodiment, the forming chamber 100 is a closed box-shaped structure (the top plate is not shown in the figure), and the side plate 120 is actually a flange structure formed by folding the edge of the bottom plate 110. The bottom plate 110 is provided with a mounting opening, and the upper and lower parts of the forming cylinder 200 are transitioned through a stepped structure. The forming cylinder 200 clamps the mounting opening through the stepped structure, thereby being sealed and connected with the bottom plate 110, and the upper part of the forming cylinder 200 is located in the forming chamber 100. The forming plate 300 seals a part of the opening of the forming chamber 100, and the forming plate 300 is provided with an avoidance opening, and the upper end of the forming cylinder 200 also has a stepped structure. The upper end of the forming cylinder 200 clamps the avoidance opening through the stepped structure, so that the forming plate 300 is sealed and connected with the forming cylinder 200. A liftable forming substrate 700 is provided in the forming cylinder 200, and metal powder is spread on the forming substrate 700. When one layer of printing is completed, the forming substrate 700 will drop a distance of the layer thickness, and new metal powder will be spread on it, and the above process will be repeated until the entire part is completed.

[0038] The sealed cavity 130 is actually a U-shaped cavity structure. The upper end face and the lower end face of the dustproof module are sealed and connected to the forming plate 300 and the bottom plate 110 respectively. The bottom plate 110 forms the bottom of the sealed cavity 130, the forming plate 300 forms the top of the sealed cavity 130, and the outer peripheral surface of the forming cylinder 200 forms the inner wall surface of the sealed cavity 130. The two dustproof modules form the left and right walls of the sealed cavity 130, and the two side plates 120 form the front and rear walls of the sealed cavity 130.

[0039] The sealed chamber 130 is isolated from the rest of the space in the forming chamber 100. Two sliding components and two first powder spreading arms 410 are built into the sealed chamber 130. The second powder spreading arm 420 is located outside the sealed chamber 130. The other spaces inside the forming chamber 100 are isolated from the sliding components (guide rails 480 and sliders 490) through a dustproof module to prevent smoke and dust from entering the sealed chamber 130 and contaminating the sliding components.

[0040] This design can cleverly form an independent sealed chamber 130, which is large enough to accommodate two sliding components, a drive component, and two first powder spreading arms 410, so that there is no need to separately protect the sliding components and the drive component from dust. In the example, the first powder spreading arm 410 is connected to the second powder spreading arm 420 through the movable part (dustproof belt 440) in the dustproof module, so that the second powder spreading arm 420 and the first powder spreading arm 410 can move together through the dustproof belt 440, and the dustproof module is used to block dust from entering the sealed chamber 130.

[0041] The sliding assembly includes a guide rail 480 and a slider 490. The guide rail 480 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealed chamber 130. The slider 490 is slidably connected to the guide rail 480, and the first powder spreading arm 410 is connected to the slider 490, so the actuator 400 can slide along the guide rail 480 through the slider 490. A driving assembly is also provided in the sealed chamber 130. The driving assembly is connected to the two sliding assemblies. The driving assembly can drive the two sliding assemblies to move, thereby driving the two first powder spreading arms 410 to move. Since the driving assembly is in the sealed chamber 130, dust pollution of the driving assembly can also be avoided.

[0042] In the actual structure, the driving assembly includes a motor, a driving shaft and two sets of transmission belts. The two sets of transmission belts are respectively connected to the sliders 490 of the two sliding assemblies. The motor is connected to the synchronous wheels of the two sets of transmission belts through the driving shaft, so the motor can synchronously drive the sliders 490 of the two sliding assemblies to move through the two sets of transmission belts, thereby driving the two actuator assemblies 400 to move synchronously.

[0043] The sealed chamber 130 can effectively isolate the remaining space in the forming chamber 100 from the sliding components of the powder spreading module (such as the guide rail 480 and the slider 490), so the smoke, splashes and floating powder particles generated during the printing process cannot enter the interior of the sliding component, thus preventing these particles from causing pollution or damage to the internal precision components. Since the impact of dust and particulate matter on the powder spreading module, especially the wear impact on moving parts such as the slide rail and the slider 490, is reduced, the service life of these parts can be extended and the failure rate caused by wear can be reduced. In addition, since the space of the sealed chamber 130 is large, the drive assembly can also be set in the sealed chamber 130, so there is no need to set up separate dust prevention measures for components such as the drive assembly (reducer, motor), which means that these heat sources can be directly exposed to the inside of the sealed chamber 130, which is conducive to heat dissipation and ensures good heat dissipation performance of the equipment.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, the dustproof module includes a first dustproof plate 430 and a dustproof belt 440. The first dustproof plate 430 is sealed with the base plate 110, the forming plate 300 and the two side plates 120. The first dustproof plate 430 is provided with a first strip hole 431. The dustproof belt 440 is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate 430 and seals the first strip hole 431. The first powder spreading arm 410 and the second powder spreading arm 420 of the actuator 400 are respectively fixedly connected to the two side surfaces of the dustproof belt 440.

[0045] The top and bottom ends of the first dustproof plate 430 are sealed and connected to the forming plate 300 and the bottom plate 110 respectively. The first strip hole 431 is used to ensure that the movement of the actuator 400 (powder spreading arm) is not affected. If the first strip hole 431 is not provided, the actuator 400 cannot extend from the sealed cavity 130, let alone slide. The first strip hole 431 is provided on the first dustproof plate 430, and a portion of the dustproof belt 440 corresponds to the first strip hole 431. The second powder spreading arm 420 can be inserted into the first strip hole 431 and connected or fitted with the portion of the dustproof belt 440 corresponding to the first strip hole 431, so that the second powder spreading arm 420 can be connected to the dustproof belt 440 or the first powder spreading arm 410 through the first strip hole 431.

[0046] In this embodiment, the dustproof belt 440 is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate 430 and seals the first strip hole 431, playing a key dustproof role. The dustproof belt 440 seals the first strip hole 431 whether it is stationary or moving with the actuator 400, that is, no matter where the actuator 400 is, the dustproof belt 440 can cover the entire first strip hole 431, so that dust cannot enter the sealed cavity 130 from the first strip hole 431. The dustproof belt 440 is a movable part, which not only seals the first strip hole 431, but also allows relative movement between the first powder spreading arm 410 and the second powder spreading arm 420. Specifically, the first powder spreading arm 410 and the second powder spreading arm 420 are tightly attached to both sides of the dustproof belt 440, and the connecting piece (screw) passes through the first powder spreading arm 410, the dustproof belt 440 and the second powder spreading arm 420, thereby fixing the three together. When the transmission belt drives the first powder spreading arm 410 to move along the guide rail 480 , the first powder spreading arm 410 , the dustproof belt 440 and the second powder spreading arm 420 move together, thereby driving the powder spreading frame 600 to move above the forming plate 300 .

[0047] On the basis of the above embodiment, the dustproof module also includes a second dustproof plate 450, which is connected to the first dustproof plate 430 through a number of elastic connection components. The elastic connection components include screws 460 and springs 470. The screws 460 pass through the second dustproof plate 450 and are fixedly connected to the first dustproof plate 430. The spring 470 is sleeved on the screws 460 and is in contact with the second dustproof plate 450. The dustproof belt 440 is arranged between the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450. The first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450 have a movement tendency to clamp the dustproof belt 440 under the pre-tightening action of the spring 470, and the second dustproof plate 450, the dustproof belt 440 and the first dustproof plate 430 fit tightly.

[0048] Under the action of the spring 470 , the second dustproof plate 450 can press the dustproof belt 440 tightly against the first dustproof plate 430 , thereby sealing the first strip hole 431 . The function of the second dustproof plate 450 is actually to provide the dustproof belt 440 with a pre-tightening force to seal the first strip hole 431 .

[0049] The principle of this embodiment is as follows: the second dustproof plate 450 and the first dustproof plate 430 are arranged face to face, and the two are clamped under the action of the spring 470 of the elastic connection assembly, so the dustproof belt 440 located between the two is clamped between the second dustproof plate 450 and the first dustproof plate 430, ensuring that the dustproof belt 440 can firmly seal the first strip hole 431 under the action of the pre-tightening force of the spring 470. The dustproof belt 440 is sandwiched between the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450, so that the three fit closely, which not only ensures the stability of the dustproof belt 440 during movement, but also effectively prevents dust or smoke from leaking into the sealing cavity 130 from the gap between the dustproof belt 440 and the first dustproof plate 430.

[0050] Based on the above embodiment, a first felt 432 is installed on the side of the first dustproof plate 430 facing the second dustproof plate 450, and a second felt 452 is installed on the side of the second dustproof plate 450 facing the first dustproof plate 430. The first felt 432 and the second felt 452 clamp the dustproof belt 440 under the pre-tightening action of the spring 470 to form a sealing structure.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first felt 432 and the second felt 452 are introduced. The first felt 432 and the second felt 452 are both provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the strip holes. The first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450 can clamp the dustproof belt 440 through the first felt 432 and the second felt 452. The felt material has good flexibility and filling properties, and can effectively fill the small gap between the dustproof belt 440 and the dustproof plate, providing a better sealing effect, that is, the felt can fit very tightly with the dustproof belt 440, eliminating any possible gap, and ensuring that dust cannot pass through the gap between the dustproof belt 440 and the felt. In addition, the dustproof belt 440 can still slide between the first felt 432 and the second felt 452 to achieve relative movement between the first powder spreading arm 410 and the second powder spreading arm 420. The presence of the felt will not significantly affect the sliding performance of the dustproof belt 440, and effectively prevent dust or smoke from entering the sealing cavity 130 from the outside. When the felt is worn, the elasticity provided by the spring 470 can make the second dustproof plate 450 close to the first dustproof plate 430 to maintain a long-term stable sealing state. The compression characteristics of the felt can also adapt to this fine-tuning to ensure that the sealing is not affected.

[0052] Preferably, a first mounting groove 433 is provided on a side of the first dustproof plate 430 facing the second dustproof plate 450, and the first felt 432 is provided in the first mounting groove 433; a second mounting groove 453 is provided on a side of the second dustproof plate 450 facing the first dustproof plate 430, and the second felt 452 is provided in the second mounting groove 453.

[0053] The first mounting groove 433 and the second mounting groove 453 have the same function, both of which are to confine the felt on the dustproof plate. Since the felt is confined in the mounting groove, the dustproof belt 440 will not be moved by the dustproof belt 440 when it moves, ensuring that the felt is reliably fixed on the surface of the dustproof plate.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, the second dustproof plate 450 is provided with a second strip hole 451, the second strip hole 451 is aligned with the first strip hole 431, the end of the first powder spreading arm 410 is located in the second strip hole 451 and is tightly attached to one side of the dustproof belt 440, and the end of the second powder spreading arm 420 is located in the first strip hole 431 and is tightly attached to the other side of the dustproof belt 440.

[0055] Since the first powder spreading arm 410 is located inside the sealed cavity 130 and the second powder spreading arm 420 is located outside the sealed cavity 130, both need to be fitted together with the dustproof belt 440, so a second strip hole 451 is specially opened on the second dustproof plate 450, so that the first powder spreading arm 410 can pass through the second strip hole 451 and be closely fitted together with the dustproof belt 440, while the second powder spreading arm 420 can pass through the first strip hole 431 and be closely fitted together with the dustproof belt 440.

[0056] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the dustproof module also includes two guide wheels 441 , and the dustproof belt 440 is sleeved on the two guide wheels 441 to form a transmission belt structure. A section of the dustproof belt 440 is located between the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450 .

[0057] The dustproof belt 440 is designed as a transmission belt structure, which means that the dustproof belt 440 includes two parallel belt bodies, which can move, and the first powder-spreading arm 410 and the second powder-spreading arm 420 are respectively fixedly connected to the two side surfaces of one of the belt bodies. When the actuator 400 moves, the dustproof belt 440 moves, and this section of the belt body moves closely against the first strip hole 431 and the second strip hole 451, and ensures that the first strip hole 431 and the second strip hole 451 are closed.

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, there are two deposition chambers 140 in the forming chamber 100, and the two deposition chambers 140 are adjacent to the sealing chamber 130 on both sides. The second powder spreading arms 420 of the two execution components 400 are respectively located in the two deposition chambers 140, and a powder dropping groove 141 is provided in the part of the bottom plate 110 corresponding to the bottom of the deposition chamber 140.

[0059] The deposition chamber 140 is a chamber adjacent to the sealing chamber 130. The two are isolated by the first dustproof plate 430. The powder drop groove 141 is used to collect and guide the floating particles in the deposition chamber 140 into the recovery system. During the powder laying and metal 3D printing process, the floating particles (dust) will be blocked by the first dustproof plate 430 and gather at the bottom of the deposition chamber 140. The powder drop groove 141 can effectively guide the settled powder to the recovery system to prevent secondary flying. And the recovered powder can be put back into use after screening and processing, reducing waste and reducing costs.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, the sliding assembly includes a guide rail 480 and a slider 490, the guide rail 480 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 110 corresponding to the bottom of the sealing chamber 130, the slider 490 is slidably connected to the guide rail 480, the first powder spreading arm 410 is fixedly connected to the slider 490, and the guide rail 480 is covered with a first accordion cover 510 and a second accordion cover 520, the fixed end of the first accordion cover 510 and the fixed end of the second accordion cover 520 are respectively located at the two ends of the guide rail 480, the two ends of the slider 490 are respectively fixedly connected to the movable end of the first accordion cover 510 and the movable end of the second accordion cover 520, and the first accordion cover 510 and the second accordion cover 520 are configured to telescope with the sliding of the slider 490.

[0061] The first accordion cover 510 and the second accordion cover 520 are used to cover the guide rail 480, and on the basis of the dustproof sealing of the sealing cavity 130 and the dustproof module, further seal and protect the matching surface of the guide rail 480 and the slider 490. Specifically, as the slider 490 moves, the accordion cover can flexibly expand or contract to always maintain effective coverage of the guide rail 480. On the basis of the dustproof belt 440 playing a primary dustproof role, the accordion cover can effectively prevent the dust inside the powder spreading mechanism from falling onto the matching surface of the guide rail 480 and the slider 490, thereby playing a secondary dustproof role.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a metal 3D printing device includes: a dust-proof powder spreading mechanism, which also includes a powder spreading rack 600, the powder spreading rack 600 is located above the forming plate 300, and the two ends of the powder spreading rack 600 are respectively fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms 420 of the two actuator components 400.

[0063] Preferably, a scraper is installed on the powder spreading frame 600, and the function of the dust-proof powder spreading mechanism is to scrape the powder material falling on the forming substrate 700 by the scraper on the powder spreading frame 600. During the powder spreading operation, the driving component drives the two sliders 490 to slide through two sets of transmission belts, and the sliders 490 drive the two actuators 400 to move when sliding, and the two actuators 400 drive the powder spreading frame 600 to pass above the forming substrate 700, thereby scraping the powder material. In this process, the design of the sealing chamber 130 effectively isolates the influence of the external environment, prevents dust from entering and affecting the powder spreading module, and the first felt 432 of the first dustproof plate 430 and the second felt 452 of the second dustproof plate 450 firmly clamp the dustproof belt 440 to form a very reliable sealing structure, and this sealing structure will not affect the movement of the dustproof belt 440, ensuring that the dustproof belt 440 can completely seal the first strip hole 431 under any circumstances, and ensure that there is no gap between the dustproof belt 440 and the first dustproof plate 430 and the second dustproof plate 450, thereby enhancing the sealing performance of the system. In addition, the first accordion cover 510 and the second accordion cover 520 on the guide rail 480 are extended and retracted with the sliding of the slider 490, always covering the guide rail 480 and the matching surface of the guide rail 480 and the slider 490, protecting the guide rail 480 and the slider 490 from dust pollution.

[0064] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0065] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions such as "first", "second", "one", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0066] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixed" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited.

[0067] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust-proof powder spreading mechanism, characterized in that: include: A forming chamber (100), wherein the forming chamber (100) is configured as a box-shaped structure, and the forming chamber (100) comprises a bottom plate (110) and two side plates (120) respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate (110); a forming cylinder (200), the forming cylinder (200) being connected to the bottom plate (110), and a portion of the forming cylinder (200) being located in the forming cabin (100); a forming plate (300), the forming plate (300) being located in the forming chamber (100), the forming plate (300) covering the top end of the forming cylinder (200), and the two ends of the forming plate (300) being respectively sealed and connected to the two side plates (120); a dustproof module, the dustproof module being sealingly arranged between the forming plate (300) and the bottom plate (110), and the two ends of the dustproof module being respectively sealedly connected to the two side plates (120), the number of the dustproof modules being two, and the two dustproof modules being respectively located on the two sides of the forming cylinder (200); A sealed cavity (130) is formed between the bottom plate (110), the forming cylinder (200), the forming plate (300), the two dustproof modules and the two side plates (120), and the sealed cavity (130) is isolated from the rest of the space in the forming chamber (100); A powder spreading module, the powder spreading module includes two sliding components and two actuator components (400), the actuator component (400) includes a first powder spreading arm (410) and a second powder spreading arm (420), the two sliding components are installed in the sealed cavity (130), the first powder spreading arms (410) of the two actuator components (400) are both located in the sealed cavity (130) and are respectively close to the two dustproof modules, the second powder spreading arms (420) of the two actuator components (400) are both located in the forming chamber (100) and are respectively adjacent to the two sides of the sealed cavity (130), the first powder spreading arms (410) of the two actuator components (400) are respectively connected to the two sliding components, and the second powder spreading arms (420) of the actuator component (400) are fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms (420) via the dustproof module.

2. A dust-proof powder spreading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dustproof module includes a first dustproof plate (430) and a dustproof belt (440), the first dustproof plate (430) is sealed and connected to the base plate (110), the forming plate (300) and the two side plates (120), the first dustproof plate (430) is provided with a first strip hole (431), the dustproof belt (440) is tightly attached to the first dustproof plate (430) and seals the first strip hole (431), and the first powder spreading arm (410) and the second powder spreading arm (420) of the actuator (400) are respectively fixedly connected to the two side surfaces of the dustproof belt (440).

3. A dust-proof powder spreading mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The dustproof module also includes a second dustproof plate (450), and the second dustproof plate (450) is connected to the first dustproof plate (430) through a plurality of elastic connection components. The elastic connection components include screws (460) and springs (470). The screws (460) pass through the second dustproof plate (450) and are fixedly connected to the first dustproof plate (430). The spring (470) is sleeved on the screws (460) and is abuttingly connected to the second dustproof plate (450). The dustproof belt (440) is arranged between the first dustproof plate (430) and the second dustproof plate (450). The first dustproof plate (430) and the second dustproof plate (450) have a movement tendency to clamp the dustproof belt (440) under the pre-tightening action of the spring (470). The second dustproof plate (450), the dustproof belt (440) and the first dustproof plate (430) are tightly fitted.

4. A dust-proof powder spreading mechanism as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A first felt (432) is installed on one side of the first dustproof plate (430) facing the second dustproof plate (450), and a second felt (452) is installed on one side of the second dustproof plate (450) facing the first dustproof plate (430). The first felt (432) and the second felt (452) clamp the dustproof belt (440) under the pre-tightening action of the spring (470) to form a sealing structure.

5. A dust-proof powder spreading mechanism as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A first mounting groove (433) is provided on a side of the first dustproof plate (430) facing the second dustproof plate (450), and the first felt (432) is arranged in the first mounting groove (433); a second mounting groove (453) is provided on a side of the second dustproof plate (450) facing the first dustproof plate (430), and the second felt (452) is arranged in the second mounting groove (453).

6. The dust-proof powder spreading mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second dustproof plate (450) is provided with a second strip hole (451), and the second strip hole (451) is aligned with the first strip hole (431). The end of the first powder-spreading arm (410) is located in the second strip hole (451) and is tightly attached to one side of the dustproof belt (440). The end of the second powder-spreading arm (420) is located in the first strip hole (431) and is tightly attached to the other side of the dustproof belt (440).

7. The dust-proof powder spreading mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dustproof module further comprises two guide wheels (441), the dustproof belt (440) is sleeved on the two guide wheels (441) to form a transmission belt structure, and a section of the dustproof belt (440) is located between the first dustproof plate (430) and the second dustproof plate (450).

8. The dust-proof powder spreading mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The forming chamber (100) has two deposition chambers (140), and the two deposition chambers (140) are adjacent to the sealing chamber (130) on both sides. The second powder spreading arms (420) of the two execution components (400) are respectively located in the two deposition chambers (140), and the bottom plate (110) is provided with a powder dropping groove (141) at the portion corresponding to the bottom of the deposition chamber (140).

9. The dust-proof powder spreading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly includes a guide rail (480) and a slider (490), wherein the guide rail (480) is fixedly arranged on the portion of the bottom plate (110) corresponding to the bottom of the sealed chamber (130), the slider (490) is slidably connected to the guide rail (480), the first powder spreading arm (410) is fixedly connected to the slider (490), a first accordion cover (510) and a second accordion cover (520) are provided on the guide rail (480), a fixed end of the first accordion cover (510) and a fixed end of the second accordion cover (520) are respectively located at the two ends of the guide rail (480), the two ends of the slider (490) are respectively fixedly connected to the movable end of the first accordion cover (510) and the movable end of the second accordion cover (520), the first accordion cover (510) and the second accordion cover (520) are configured to telescope with the sliding of the slider (490).

10. A metal 3D printing device, characterized in that: include: The dust-proof powder spreading mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a powder spreading frame (600), wherein the powder spreading frame (600) is located above the forming plate (300), and both ends of the powder spreading frame (600) are respectively fixedly connected to the second powder spreading arms (420) of the two actuator components (400).

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