Crown block type high-speed five-axis machining equipment

Abstract

According to the crown block type high-speed five-axis machining equipment, the lathe bed is divided into the first area and the second area through the interval assembly, function division and physical isolation of the tool magazine and the machining area are achieved, meanwhile, the tool replacement path is shortened, the tool replacement efficiency is improved, and machining continuity is guaranteed. Through combined use of the first pressure-bearing inclined plane and the first movable sliding rail, the dynamic load generated when the machining main shaft moves in the X-axis direction can be effectively dispersed, the vertical stress deformation risk of the first movable sliding rail is reduced, and the service life of the first movable sliding rail is prolonged. The first moving assembly of the moving mechanism has high rigidity, a stable platform is provided for superposition movement of the Z axis, the C axis and the A axis, the overall precision during multi-axis linkage is ensured, the complex curved surface machining requirement is met, and the moving mechanism is suitable for high-end five-axis machining scenes in the fields of aerospace, precision molds and the like. Therefore, the technical problem that in the prior art, the X axis of crown block type high-speed five-axis machining equipment is short in service life is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of workpiece milling processing, and in particular to a crane-type high-speed five-axis processing equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the surge in demand for complex curved surface parts processing in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, precision molds and other fields, five-axis machining equipment has become the core equipment of high-end manufacturing due to its multi-degree-of-freedom motion capability. Five-axis machining equipment has five axes, X, Y, Z, A, and C. XYZ and AC axes form five-axis linkage machining. It is good at spatial curved surface machining, special-shaped machining, hollowing machining, drilling, oblique holes, bevel cutting, etc., and has the characteristics of high efficiency and high precision.

[0003] In the prior art, the axis system of traditional five-axis machining equipment is rigidly connected through the mechanical body frame (such as the bed, column, and beam), and the moving parts of each axis (such as guide rails, lead screws, and turntables) are embedded in the same structural system to form a hard connection relationship. However, since the axes of the five-axis machining equipment are connected in series in sequence, such as Y→X→Z→C→A, the movement of the latter axis is superimposed on the displacement of the previous axis, and the Z axis that integrates the A axis and the C axis has a large contact stress on the X axis. When the A / C axis rotates at high speed (such as the C axis speed of 300rpm), it will cause high-frequency vibration, which will be transmitted to the X axis through the Z axis base, stimulating the risk of resonance, resulting in a lower service life of the X axis and affecting the processing stability of the five-axis machining center. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device, which solves the technical problem of low service life of the X-axis of the crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device, comprising: a bed, a moving mechanism and a machining spindle connected in sequence, a spacing component for separating the bed into a first area and a second area is installed on the bed, a tool magazine for providing tools for the machining spindle is arranged in the first area, and the second area is used to provide an operating space for machining a workpiece; The moving mechanism is used to drive the machining spindle to move in the directions of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis, the C-axis and the A-axis, and the moving mechanism includes a first moving component; Among them, the first moving component includes a moving beam, the moving beam is provided with a first pressure-bearing inclined surface, a first moving slide rail is fixedly installed on the first pressure-bearing inclined surface, at least one first moving block is slidably connected to the first moving slide rail, a first moving table is fixedly connected to the first moving block, and a first moving motor is installed on the moving beam, and the first moving motor is used to drive the first moving table to move, so that the first moving table drives the machining spindle to move in the X-axis direction.

[0006] Optionally, the movable crossbeam is provided with a second pressure-bearing inclined surface arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first pressure-bearing inclined surface, and a second movable slide rail arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first movable slide rail is fixedly installed on the second pressure-bearing inclined surface, and at least one second movable block fixedly connected to the first movable platform is slidably connected to the second movable slide rail.

[0007] Optionally, the movable crossbeam is provided with a third pressure-bearing inclined surface arranged in parallel and spaced apart from the second pressure-bearing inclined surface, and a third movable slide rail arranged in parallel and spaced apart from the second movable slide rail is fixedly installed on the third pressure-bearing inclined surface, and at least one third movable block fixedly connected to the first movable platform is slidably connected to the third movable slide rail.

[0008] Optionally, the distance between the first movable slide rail and the second movable slide rail is greater than the distance between the second movable slide rail and the third movable slide rail, and the first pressure-bearing inclined surface, the second pressure-bearing inclined surface and the third pressure-bearing inclined surface are located on the same plane.

[0009] Optionally, the moving mechanism further includes a second moving assembly, a third moving assembly and a double swing head, and the bed, the second moving assembly, the first moving assembly, the third moving assembly, the double swing head and the machining spindle are connected in sequence; The two second moving assemblies are arranged parallel to and opposite to the bed and are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the first moving assembly, the second moving assembly is used to realize the movement of the machining spindle in the Y-axis direction, the third moving assembly is used to realize the movement of the machining spindle in the Z-axis direction, and the double swing head is used to realize the swing of the machining spindle in the A-axis and C-axis directions; The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other, the A-axis direction is the rotation direction around the Y-axis, and the C-axis direction is the rotation direction around the Z-axis.

[0010] Optionally, the double swing head includes a first rotating table and a second rotating table, the first rotating table is rotatably connected to the third moving assembly, the second rotating table is rotatably connected to the first rotating table, and the machining spindle is mounted on the second rotating table; The first rotating table is used to drive the machining spindle to rotate in the C-axis direction, and the second rotating table is used to drive the machining spindle to rotate in the A-axis direction.

[0011] Optionally, the partition assembly includes a partition enclosure having an opening, a partition door for opening and closing the opening is slidably connected to the partition enclosure, and a partition cylinder for driving the partition door to move is installed on the partition enclosure.

[0012] Optionally, it further comprises a connected rocker arm and a control box, wherein the rocker arm is used to drive the control box to move; the rocker arm comprises a first support rod, a second support rod and a third support rod, and the first support rod is connected to the moving mechanism; Among them, one end of the second support rod is rotatably connected to the first support rod, the other end of the second support rod is rotatably connected to the third support rod, and the control box is fixedly installed on one end of the third support rod away from the second support rod.

[0013] Optionally, a tool setting instrument and an illuminating lamp are included in the first area, and the tool setting instrument is used to detect the tool on the machining spindle; The tool magazine comprises a first tool holder, a second tool holder slidably connected to the first tool holder, and a driving cylinder installed on the first tool holder, the second tool holder is rotatably connected to a chain, and at least one tool bin for accommodating a tool is installed on the chain; The second tool rest is provided with a driving motor for driving the chain to move, and the driving cylinder is used to drive the second tool rest to move in a direction close to or away from the machining spindle, so as to achieve tool changing operation of the tool in the tool bin.

[0014] Optionally, the surface of the workpiece is milled by the following method, including: Step S1, scanning the workpiece at multiple angles to generate a three-dimensional point cloud model; wherein the workpiece is a special-shaped part; Step S2, performing feature recognition on the three-dimensional point cloud model based on a deep learning algorithm, and taking the identified curvature mutation area, deep cavity feature area and thin wall feature area as key processing features; Step S3, comparing the three-dimensional point cloud model with a preset workpiece processing model, calculating the actual machining allowance distribution of the workpiece, and dividing the surface of the workpiece into a rough machining area, a semi-finishing area, and a finishing area based on the difference in allowance gradient; wherein the rough machining allowance is greater than 2 mm, and the finishing allowance is less than 0.5 mm; Step S4, obtaining a tool mapping rule according to the key processing features and the types of the processing area: wherein the first tool is called when processing the deep cavity feature area, the second tool is called when processing the thin wall feature area, and the third tool is called when processing the curvature mutation area; Step S5, according to the spatial coordinates of the key processing features and the mapping rules of the tool, the five-axis linkage motion path of the processing spindle is obtained: Step S6: Based on the five-axis linkage motion path, the machining spindle drives the tool to perform milling processing on the surface of the workpiece.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining equipment, which divides the bed into a first area and a second area through a spacing component, realizes functional zoning, and physically isolates the tool magazine from the machining area, which can avoid the debris, coolant, etc. generated during the machining process from contaminating the tool, and at the same time shortens the tool replacement path, improves the tool change efficiency, and ensures machining continuity. Through the combined use of the first pressure-bearing inclined surface and the first movable slide rail, the dynamic load of the machining spindle when moving in the X-axis direction can be effectively dispersed, the structural rigidity is enhanced, the risk of vertical force deformation of the first movable slide rail is reduced, and the service life of the first movable slide rail is extended. The mobile mechanism adopts a modular setting, which is convenient for installation, commissioning and later maintenance. The first moving component of the mobile mechanism has high rigidity, provides a stable platform for the superimposed movement of the Z, C, and A axes, ensures the overall accuracy during multi-axis linkage, meets the requirements of complex curved surface machining, and is suitable for high-end five-axis machining scenarios in the fields of aerospace, precision molds, etc. Therefore, the present invention solves the technical problem of the low service life of the X-axis of the crane-type high-speed five-axis machining equipment in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a top view of a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a second partial structural schematic diagram of a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The third partial structural schematic diagram of a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tool magazine in a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a partition assembly in a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Illustration Description: 10. Bed; 20. Processing spindle; 30. Spacing assembly; 31. Spacing enclosure; 32. Spacing door; 33. Spacing cylinder; 40. First moving assembly; 41. Moving crossbeam; 411. First pressure-bearing inclined plane; 412. Second pressure-bearing inclined plane; 413. Third pressure-bearing inclined plane; 42. First moving rail; 43. First moving block; 44. First moving platform; 45. Second moving rail; 46. Second moving block; 47. Third moving rail; 48. Third moving block; 49. First moving motor; 50, second moving assembly; 60, third moving assembly; 70, double swing head; 71, first rotating table; 72, second rotating table; 80, rocker arm; 81, first support rod; 82, second support rod; 83, third support rod; 90. Control box; 100. Tool setting instrument; 200. Lighting lamp; 300, tool magazine; 301, first tool holder; 302, second tool holder; 303, driving cylinder; 304, chain; 305, tool magazine; 306, driving motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a centrally arranged component at the same time.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0023] The embodiment of the present invention provides a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining device, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it comprises: a bed 10, a moving mechanism and a machining spindle 20 connected in sequence, a spacing component 30 is installed on the bed 10 for dividing the bed 10 into a first area and a second area, a tool magazine 30 for providing tools for the machining spindle 20 is provided in the first area, and the second area is used to provide an operating space for machining a workpiece; The moving mechanism is used to drive the machining spindle 20 to move in the directions of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis, the C-axis and the A-axis, and the moving mechanism includes a first moving assembly 40; The first moving assembly 40 includes a moving crossbeam 41, a first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411 is provided on the moving crossbeam 41, a first moving rail 42 is fixedly installed on the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411, at least one first moving block 43 is slidably connected to the first moving rail 42, a first moving platform 44 is fixedly connected to the first moving block 43, and a first moving motor 49 is installed on the moving crossbeam 41. The first moving motor 49 is used to drive the first moving platform 44 to move, so that the first moving platform 44 drives the machining spindle 20 to move in the X-axis direction. In this embodiment, the first moving motor 49 is driven by a screw rod to drive the first moving platform 44 to move linearly in the X-axis direction.

[0024] It should be noted that the present invention provides a kind of overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment, which divides the bed 10 into a first area and a second area by a spacing component 30, realizes functional zoning, and the tool magazine 300 is physically isolated from the machining area, which can avoid the debris, coolant, etc. generated during the machining process from contaminating the tool, and at the same time shortens the tool replacement path, improves the tool change efficiency, and ensures machining continuity. Through the combined use of the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411 and the first movable slide rail 42, the dynamic load of the machining spindle 20 when moving in the X-axis direction can be effectively dispersed, the structural rigidity is enhanced, the vertical force deformation risk of the first movable slide rail 42 is reduced, and the service life of the first movable slide rail 42 is extended. The mobile mechanism adopts a modular setting, which is convenient for installation, commissioning and later maintenance. The first movable component 40 of the mobile mechanism has high rigidity, provides a stable platform for the superimposed movement of the Z, C, and A axes, ensures the overall accuracy during multi-axis linkage, meets the complex surface machining requirements, and is suitable for high-end five-axis machining scenarios in the fields of aerospace, precision molds, etc. Therefore, the present invention solves the technical problem of the low service life of the X-axis of the overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment in the prior art.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the movable crossbeam 41 is provided with a second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412 arranged parallel to and spaced from the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411, a second movable slide rail 45 arranged parallel to and spaced from the first movable slide rail 42 is fixedly mounted on the second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412, and at least one second movable block 46 fixedly connected to the first movable platform 44 is slidably connected to the second movable slide rail 45. In this embodiment, the number of the second movable blocks 46 is two.

[0026] It should be noted that the use of the second pressure-bearing slope 412 and the second movable slide rail 45 further disperses the dynamic load generated when the processing spindle 20 moves in the X-axis direction, which helps to reduce the vertical force on the first movable slide rail 42 and the second movable slide rail 45 and reduce deformation.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the movable crossbeam 41 is provided with a third pressure-bearing inclined surface 413 which is arranged in parallel and spaced apart from the second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412; a third movable slide rail 47 which is arranged in parallel and spaced apart from the second movable slide rail 45 is fixedly mounted on the third pressure-bearing inclined surface 413; and at least one third movable block 48 which is fixedly connected to the first movable platform 44 is slidably connected to the third movable slide rail 47.

[0028] It should be noted that by setting a plurality of pressure-bearing inclined surfaces (the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411, the second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412, and the third pressure-bearing inclined surface 413) on the moving crossbeam 41, and installing corresponding movable slide rails on each inclined surface, the dynamic load generated when the processing spindle 20 moves in the X-axis direction is effectively dispersed, which helps to reduce the vertical force and deformation of the movable slide rail, thereby greatly improving the stability of the equipment and reducing the wear of mechanical parts. By introducing multiple pressure-bearing inclined surfaces and movable slide rails, the rigidity of the overall structure is improved, especially the load dispersion effect in the X-axis direction makes the movement stability better, and the processing equipment meets the needs of high-precision multi-axis linkage processing.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the distance between the first movable rail 42 and the second movable rail 45 is greater than the distance between the second movable rail 45 and the third movable rail 47, and the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411, the second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412 and the third pressure-bearing inclined surface 413 are located on the same plane. In this embodiment, the angles between the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411, the second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412 and the third pressure-bearing inclined surface 413 and the horizontal plane are 15 to 30 degrees.

[0030] It should be noted that the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411, the second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412, and the third pressure-bearing inclined surface 413 are coordinated with each other, and the dynamic load from the processing spindle 20 in the X-axis direction is dispersed by a multi-stage pressure-bearing method, so as to avoid the situation where a single pressure-bearing surface or slide rail is subjected to excessive stress, thereby effectively reducing the problem of excessive local contact stress. Since the spacing between the first movable slide rail 42 and the second movable slide rail 45 is greater than the spacing between the second movable slide rail 45 and the third movable slide rail 47, it is helpful to disperse the load between the slide rails during the processing process, and improve the stability and deformation resistance of the structure. Reducing local contact stress is conducive to the long-term use of the slide rail and prolongs the life of the equipment. By setting the movable slide rails with parallel intervals, the vibration generated during high-speed movement can be effectively offset, the dynamic error or deformation caused by vibration can be avoided, and the motion accuracy during the processing can be improved. By setting a multi-layer structure, the influence of thermal deformation can be effectively reduced, especially in high-precision processing, thermal expansion is an important factor affecting accuracy. Dispersing stress and load helps to reduce equipment deformation caused by thermal expansion, thereby improving the overall processing quality.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the moving mechanism further includes a second moving assembly 50, a third moving assembly 60 and a double swing head 70, and the bed 10, the second moving assembly 50, the first moving assembly 40, the third moving assembly 60, the double swing head 70 and the machining spindle 20 are connected in sequence; Two second moving assemblies 50 are arranged parallel to and opposite to the bed 10 and are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first moving assembly 40. The second moving assembly 50 is used to realize the movement of the machining spindle 20 in the Y-axis direction, the third moving assembly 60 is used to realize the movement of the machining spindle 20 in the Z-axis direction, and the double swing head 70 is used to realize the swing of the machining spindle 20 in the A-axis and C-axis directions. The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other, the A-axis direction is the rotation direction around the Y-axis, and the C-axis direction is the rotation direction around the Z-axis. The second moving assembly 50 and the third moving assembly 60 are both driven by motors, and the second moving assembly 50 and the third moving assembly 60 are both well-known technologies in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

[0032] It should be noted that through the precise linkage control of multiple axes, the equipment can perform processing at different angles and complex spatial paths, which improves the efficiency of tool path planning and reduces the time and distance of tool change. This efficient tool management helps to improve overall production efficiency. The double swing head 70 can accurately control the movement of the machining spindle 20 in the C-axis and A-axis directions, allowing the machining spindle 20 to perform more complex rotational movements. This precise rotational control application provides extremely high precision and flexibility when processing complex surfaces and multi-angle parts.

[0033] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the double swing head 70 includes a first rotating table 71 and a second rotating table 72, the first rotating table 71 is rotatably connected to the third moving assembly 60, the second rotating table 72 is rotatably connected to the first rotating table 71, and the machining spindle 20 is mounted on the second rotating table 72; The first rotating platform 71 is used to drive the machining spindle 20 to rotate in the C-axis direction, and the second rotating platform 72 is used to drive the machining spindle 20 to rotate in the A-axis direction. In this embodiment, the first rotating platform 71 and the second rotating platform 72 are both provided with rotational power by motors.

[0034] It should be noted that the double swing head 70 structure can evenly disperse the load of the processing spindle 20, reducing the impact and unbalanced force between the rotating parts. The first rotating table 71 is connected to the third moving component 60, and the second rotating table 72 is connected to the first rotating table 71, which ensures the rigidity of the double swing head 70 system and reduces the resonance generated during high-speed rotation. The high-rigidity structure effectively improves the stability during five-axis linkage processing and ensures high-precision processing effects. Each rotating table of the double swing head 70 is driven by a motor to provide rotational power, ensuring the reliability of high-precision and high-speed rotation. The efficient operation of the motor can quickly respond to the instructions of the control system, so that the processing spindle 20 can be quickly and accurately adjusted to the required angle, improving the processing efficiency of the equipment.

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the partition assembly 30 includes a partition enclosure 31 with an opening, a partition door 32 for opening and closing the opening is slidably connected to the partition enclosure 31, and a partition cylinder 33 for driving the partition door 32 to move is installed on the partition enclosure 31. In this embodiment, two photoelectric switches are provided on the partition enclosure 31, and the photoelectric switches are used to detect whether the partition door 32 moves into position.

[0036] It should be noted that the bed 10 is separated into a first area and a second area by the spacing component 30, and the isolation of the tool magazine 300 and the processing area is controlled by the opening and closing of the spacing door 32, which can effectively prevent debris, coolant, etc. in the processing process from contaminating the tool, maintain the cleanliness of the tool, help shorten the tool replacement path, improve the tool change efficiency, and thus ensure the continuity and production efficiency of the processing. Since the spacing enclosure 31 has an opening, the spacing door 32 is driven to open and close by the spacing cylinder 33. The opening and closing function of the spacing door 32 allows the tool magazine 300 to be quickly physically isolated from the processing area according to different processing tasks or operation requirements, or opened for operation as needed. The spacing cylinder 33 is used to drive the spacing door 32 to move, and the opening and closing of the door can be accurately controlled by the drive of the cylinder. Through the control of the cylinder, the spacing door 32 can automatically respond to operation requirements without human intervention and optimize the entire processing process.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a connected rocker arm 80 and a control box 90, the rocker arm 80 is used to drive the control box 90 to move; the rocker arm 80 includes a first support rod 81, a second support rod 82 and a third support rod 83, the first support rod 81 is connected to the moving mechanism; in the specific implementation process, the first support rod 81 is connected to the second moving assembly 50; One end of the second support rod 82 is rotatably connected to the first support rod 81 , and the other end of the second support rod 82 is rotatably connected to the third support rod 83 . The control box 90 is fixedly mounted on one end of the third support rod 83 away from the second support rod 82 .

[0038] It should be noted that the rocker arm 80 can easily move the control box 90 on the mobile mechanism through the structural arrangement of the first support rod 81, the second support rod 82 and the third support rod 83, so that the control box 90 can flexibly adjust its position in different working environments, ensuring that the operator can control and monitor in the best position, thereby improving the convenience and work efficiency of the overall operation. Through the arrangement of the rocker arm 80, the movement of the control box 90 does not take up too much space, while maintaining the flexibility of operation.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, it includes a tool setting instrument 100 and an illuminating lamp 200 located in the first area, and the tool setting instrument 100 is used to detect the tool on the machining spindle 20; The tool magazine 300 includes a first tool rest 301, a second tool rest 302 slidably connected to the first tool rest 301, and a driving cylinder 303 installed on the first tool rest 301. A chain 304 is rotatably connected to the second tool rest 302, and at least one tool bin 305 for accommodating tools is installed on the chain 304. The second tool rest 302 is provided with a driving motor 306 for driving the chain 304 to move. The driving cylinder 303 is used to drive the second tool rest 302 to move in a direction close to or away from the machining spindle 20 so as to achieve tool changing operation of the tool in the tool bin 305 .

[0040] It should be noted that, through the cooperation of the chain 304 and the tool magazine 305, multiple tools can be efficiently accommodated, and the tools can be arranged and managed in a predetermined order. The use of the chain 304 and the tool magazine 305 ensures that the tools are neatly arranged and available at any time, which helps to improve the fluency and organization of the work process. The chain 304 is driven by the drive motor 306 to move, so that the tool magazine 305 moves with the tool to a position close to the partition door 32, and then the partition cylinder 33 drives the partition door 32 to open, and the drive cylinder 303 drives the second tool holder 302 to move in the direction close to the processing spindle 20, so that the tool enters the first area from the second area, and finally the processing spindle 20 obtains the corresponding tool.

[0041] In this embodiment, the overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment uses the following method to perform milling processing on the surface of the workpiece, specifically including: Step S1, scanning the workpiece at multiple angles to generate a three-dimensional point cloud model; wherein the workpiece is a special-shaped part; in this embodiment, the workpiece is scanned at multiple angles by a three-dimensional scanner commonly used in the art; Step S2, performing feature recognition on the three-dimensional point cloud model based on a deep learning algorithm, and using the identified curvature mutation area, deep cavity feature area, and thin wall feature area as key processing features; in this embodiment, the deep learning algorithm (such as a convolutional neural network) is a well-known technology in the art and will not be described in detail here; Step S3, comparing the three-dimensional point cloud model with the preset workpiece processing model, calculating the actual machining allowance distribution of the workpiece, and dividing the surface of the workpiece into a rough machining area, a semi-finishing area and a finishing area based on the allowance gradient difference; wherein the allowance gradient difference refers to the change rate of the machining allowance between different areas on the surface of the workpiece, the rough machining allowance is greater than 2mm, the semi-finishing allowance is between 0.5mm and 2mm, and the finishing allowance is less than 0.5mm; Step S4, according to the key processing features and the type of processing area, obtain the mapping rules of the tool: wherein, the first tool is called when processing the deep cavity feature area, the second tool is called when processing the thin-wall feature area, and the third tool is called when processing the curvature mutation area; when there are multiple key processing features in the area, the second tool corresponding to the thin-wall feature is called first; the first tool is a long-neck milling cutter with an aspect ratio greater than 5; the second tool is a high-rigidity carbide end milling cutter; the third tool is an arc nose end milling cutter with a radius of 0.5 mm; Step S5, according to the spatial coordinates of the key processing features and the mapping rules of the tool, the five-axis linkage motion path of the processing spindle 20 is obtained: Step S6: Based on the five-axis linkage motion path, the machining spindle 20 drives the tool to perform milling processing on the surface of the workpiece.

[0042] It should be noted that step S1 can capture the complex surfaces and details of the workpiece, and provide accurate geometric information for subsequent processing path planning. Step S2 helps to achieve refined processing and improve processing efficiency and accuracy by automatically identifying and marking key processing features. The division method based on the allowance ensures that the transition between roughing and finishing is more natural, and optimizes the efficiency and quality of the processing process. The mapping rules of the tool help to optimize the efficiency of the tool while ensuring the processing accuracy. The five-axis linkage motion path of the processing spindle 20 ensures that the tool can move along the optimal path during complex processing, thereby reducing errors in the processing process and improving surface quality.

[0043] Working principle: The present invention provides a crane-type high-speed five-axis machining equipment, in which the second moving assembly 50, the first moving assembly 40, the third moving assembly 60 and the double swing head 70 play a driving role, driving the machining spindle 20 to move in the Y-axis, X-axis, Z-axis, C-axis and A-axis directions, moving the tool to the corresponding machining position, and the machining spindle 20 drives the tool to rotate to perform milling operations on the workpiece on the bed 10.

[0044] The bed 10 is separated into a first area and a second area by the spacing component 30, realizing functional zoning, and the tool magazine 300 is physically isolated from the processing area, which can prevent the debris, coolant, etc. generated during the processing from contaminating the tool, and at the same time shorten the tool replacement path, improve the tool replacement efficiency, and ensure processing continuity. Through the use and coordination of the first pressure-bearing inclined surface 411 and the first movable slide rail 42, the use and coordination of the second pressure-bearing inclined surface 412 and the second movable slide rail 45, and the use and coordination of the third pressure-bearing inclined surface 413 and the third movable slide rail 47, the dynamic load of the processing spindle 20 when moving in the X-axis direction can be effectively dispersed, the structural rigidity is enhanced, the risk of vertical force deformation of the first movable slide rail 42 is reduced, and the service life of the first movable slide rail 42 is extended.

[0045] The mobile mechanism adopts modular settings, which is convenient for installation, debugging and later maintenance. The first mobile component of the mobile mechanism has high rigidity, providing a stable platform for the superimposed movement of the Z, C, and A axes, ensuring the overall accuracy of multi-axis linkage, meeting the needs of complex surface processing, and is suitable for high-end five-axis processing scenarios in the fields of aerospace, precision molds, etc.

[0046] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crane-type high-speed five-axis machining equipment, characterized in that: include: A bed (10), a moving mechanism, and a machining spindle (20) are connected in sequence, wherein a spacing component (30) is installed on the bed (10) for separating the bed (10) into a first area and a second area, a tool magazine (300) for providing tools for the machining spindle (20) is provided in the first area, and the second area is used to provide an operating space for machining a workpiece; The moving mechanism is used to drive the machining spindle (20) to move in the directions of the X-axis, the Y-axis, the Z-axis, the C-axis and the A-axis, and the moving mechanism comprises a first moving assembly (40); The first moving assembly (40) comprises a moving crossbeam (41), the moving crossbeam (41) is provided with a first pressure-bearing inclined surface (411), a first moving slide rail (42) is fixedly mounted on the first pressure-bearing inclined surface (411), at least one first moving block (43) is slidably connected to the first moving slide rail (42), a first moving table (44) is fixedly connected to the first moving block (43), a first moving motor (49) is mounted on the moving crossbeam (41), and the first moving motor (49) is used to drive the first moving table (44) to move, so that the first moving table (44) drives the machining spindle (20) to move in the X-axis direction.

2. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable crossbeam (41) is provided with a second pressure-bearing inclined surface (412) arranged in parallel and spaced relation to the first pressure-bearing inclined surface (411); a second movable slide rail (45) arranged in parallel and spaced relation to the first movable slide rail (42) is fixedly mounted on the second pressure-bearing inclined surface (412); and at least one second movable block (46) fixedly connected to the first movable platform (44) is slidably connected to the second movable slide rail (45).

3. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable crossbeam (41) is provided with a third pressure-bearing inclined surface (413) arranged in parallel and spaced relation to the second pressure-bearing inclined surface (412); a third movable slide rail (47) arranged in parallel and spaced relation to the second movable slide rail (45) is fixedly mounted on the third pressure-bearing inclined surface (413); and at least one third movable block (48) fixedly connected to the first movable platform (44) is slidably connected to the third movable slide rail (47).

4. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the first movable slide rail (42) and the second movable slide rail (45) is greater than the distance between the second movable slide rail (45) and the third movable slide rail (47), and the first pressure-bearing inclined surface (411), the second pressure-bearing inclined surface (412) and the third pressure-bearing inclined surface (413) are located on the same plane.

5. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The moving mechanism further comprises a second moving assembly (50), a third moving assembly (60) and a double swing head (70), and the bed (10), the second moving assembly (50), the first moving assembly (40), the third moving assembly (60), the double swing head (70) and the machining spindle (20) are connected in sequence; Two second moving assemblies (50) are arranged parallel to and opposite to the bed (10) and are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first moving assembly (40); the second moving assembly (50) is used to realize the movement of the machining spindle (20) in the Y-axis direction; the third moving assembly (60) is used to realize the movement of the machining spindle (20) in the Z-axis direction; and the double swing head (70) is used to realize the swing of the machining spindle (20) in the A-axis and C-axis directions; The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other, the A-axis direction is the rotation direction around the Y-axis, and the C-axis direction is the rotation direction around the Z-axis.

6. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The double swing head (70) comprises a first rotating table (71) and a second rotating table (72), the first rotating table (71) being rotationally connected to the third moving assembly (60), the second rotating table (72) being rotationally connected to the first rotating table (71), and the machining spindle (20) being mounted on the second rotating table (72); The first rotating table (71) is used to drive the machining spindle (20) to rotate in the C-axis direction, and the second rotating table (72) is used to drive the machining spindle (20) to rotate in the A-axis direction.

7. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition assembly (30) comprises a partition enclosure (31) having an opening, a partition door (32) for opening and closing the opening being slidably connected to the partition enclosure (31), and a partition cylinder (33) for driving the partition door (32) to move being installed on the partition enclosure (31).

8. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: It also includes a connected rocker arm (80) and a control box (90), wherein the rocker arm (80) is used to drive the control box (90) to move; the rocker arm (80) includes a first support rod (81), a second support rod (82) and a third support rod (83), and the first support rod (81) is connected to the moving mechanism; One end of the second support rod (82) is rotatably connected to the first support rod (81), the other end of the second support rod (82) is rotatably connected to the third support rod (83), and the control box (90) is fixedly mounted on an end of the third support rod (83) away from the second support rod (82).

9. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: It comprises a tool setting instrument (100) and an illuminating lamp (200) located in the first area, the tool setting instrument (100) being used to detect a tool on the machining spindle (20); The tool magazine (300) comprises a first tool holder (301), a second tool holder (302) slidably connected to the first tool holder (301), and a driving cylinder (303) mounted on the first tool holder (301); the second tool holder (302) is rotatably connected to a chain (304); and at least one tool bin (305) for accommodating a tool is mounted on the chain (304); The second tool holder (302) is provided with a driving motor (306) for driving the chain (304) to move, and the driving cylinder (303) is used to drive the second tool holder (302) to move in a direction approaching or moving away from the machining spindle (20), so as to achieve a tool change operation of the tool in the tool magazine (305).

10. The overhead crane type high-speed five-axis machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the workpiece is milled using the following methods, including: Step S1, scanning the workpiece at multiple angles to generate a three-dimensional point cloud model; wherein the workpiece is a special-shaped part; Step S2, performing feature recognition on the three-dimensional point cloud model based on a deep learning algorithm, and taking the identified curvature mutation area, deep cavity feature area and thin wall feature area as key processing features; Step S3, comparing the three-dimensional point cloud model with a preset workpiece processing model, calculating the actual machining allowance distribution of the workpiece, and dividing the surface of the workpiece into a rough machining area, a semi-finishing area, and a finishing area based on the difference in allowance gradient; wherein the rough machining allowance is greater than 2 mm, and the finishing allowance is less than 0.5 mm; Step S4, obtaining a tool mapping rule according to the key processing features and the types of the processing area: wherein the first tool is called when processing the deep cavity feature area, the second tool is called when processing the thin wall feature area, and the third tool is called when processing the curvature mutation area; Step S5, obtaining the five-axis linkage motion path of the machining spindle (20) according to the spatial coordinates of the key machining features and the mapping rules of the tool: Step S6: Based on the five-axis linkage motion path, the machining spindle (20) drives the tool to perform milling processing on the surface of the workpiece.

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