Arc-shaped aluminum veneer laser welding device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum product welding, in particular to an arc-shaped aluminum veneer laser welding device which comprises a welding platform, an image recognition module, a laser welding module, a laser welding module and a laser welding module. The two sets of fixing mechanisms are located on the two sides of the arc-shaped aluminum veneer welding seam correspondingly, each fixing mechanism comprises a supporting piece, a pressing assembly and a power assembly, each supporting piece comprises a plurality of supporting wheels, and the multiple supporting wheels slide on the welding platform; the pressing assembly is arranged on the welding platform and corresponds to the supporting wheels, and the pressing assembly is matched with the supporting wheels to fix the arc-shaped aluminum veneer. The power assembly is used for driving the supporting wheel to slide. The control module is in electric signal connection with the image recognition module and used for controlling the pressing assembly and the power assembly to act so as to fix the arc-shaped aluminum veneer; and the laser welding mechanism is arranged on the welding platform and is used for welding a welding seam of the arc-shaped aluminum veneer. The method has the effect of reducing the influence of the welding process on the quality of the arc-shaped aluminum veneer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum product welding, and in particular to a laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum veneer. Background Art

[0002] Curved aluminum veneers are widely used in modern architecture, aerospace, automobile manufacturing and other fields due to their light weight, high strength, good corrosion resistance and easy processing and forming. However, in the actual processing process, curved aluminum veneers are prone to collapse during laser welding due to their relatively soft material properties. This collapse will not only cause the position of the workpiece to shift during welding, making it difficult to accurately control the welding trajectory, but also cause the shape of the workpiece to be inconsistent with the design requirements after welding, seriously affecting the quality of the product. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to reduce the impact of the welding process on the quality of the curved aluminum veneer, the present application provides a curved aluminum veneer laser welding device.

[0004] The present application provides a laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum veneer, which adopts the following technical solution: A laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum single plate, comprising: The welding platform forms a welding plane for placing the arc-shaped aluminum panels after splicing; An image recognition module is provided on the welding platform and is used to identify the arc-shaped aluminum veneer to be welded; The fixing mechanism is provided with two groups, which are respectively located on both sides of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate welding seam, including a support member, a clamping assembly and a power assembly, wherein the support member includes a plurality of support wheels, the plurality of support wheels are arranged along the length direction of the welding seam, and the plurality of support wheels slide on the welding platform, and the support wheels are used to support the arc-shaped aluminum single plate away from the welding platform; the clamping assembly is arranged on the welding platform, corresponding to the support wheels, and cooperates with the support wheels to fix the arc-shaped aluminum single plate; the power assembly is arranged on the welding platform, connected to the support wheels, and used to drive the support wheels to slide; A control module is disposed on the welding platform, is electrically connected to the image recognition module, is used to receive the digital signal of the image recognition module, is electrically connected to the clamping assembly and the power assembly, is used to control the actions of the clamping assembly and the power assembly, and realizes the fixing of the curved aluminum single plate; The laser welding mechanism is arranged on the welding platform and is used for welding the weld seam of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, when welding, the pre-assembled curved aluminum veneer is first placed on the welding platform, with the welding seam located in the middle or on one side. The image recognition module identifies the curvature, height, and weld position of the aluminum veneer, and then transmits the information to the control module. The control module controls the action of the power component and the clamping component of the fixing mechanism, so that the support wheel and the clamping component cooperate to fix the aluminum veneer, and then welding is performed.

[0006] The sliding support wheel can adapt to aluminum veneers with different curvatures; multi-point compression disperses stress and reduces the risk of welding deformation; the image recognition and control module realizes intelligent adjustment, and the setting of the fixing mechanism can reduce the collapse of the aluminum veneer, making the welding process accurate, and can reduce the downward movement of the molten pool during welding, and reduce the deformation caused by heat collapse, thereby improving the quality of the aluminum veneer welding process.

[0007] Optionally, the pressing assembly comprises: A pressing frame slides on the welding platform and moves closer to or farther from the supporting member; A pressing roller is arranged on the pressing frame, corresponds to the supporting member, and has a rotation axis parallel to the weld of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate; A driving member is arranged on the welding platform and connected to the pressing frame, and is used for driving the pressing frame to approach the supporting member.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when fixing the aluminum veneer, the power component is first used to drive the support wheel to support the aluminum veneer, and then the driving part is used to drive the clamping frame to slide. The clamping frame drives the clamping roller to approach and press the aluminum veneer against the support wheel, and then welding is performed. The line contact of the clamping roller reduces local stress concentration and adapts to aluminum plates of different thicknesses. Through the assistance of the two, the collapse and deformation of the aluminum veneer caused by its own gravity and external force can be reduced, and the welding quality can be controlled.

[0009] Optionally, the pressing assembly further includes: The partition belt is arranged on the pressing frame and is located on the side of the pressing roller close to the welding seam of the aluminum veneer.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, temperature isolation is formed between the clamping roller and the weld. The thermal insulation design can reduce heat conduction, reduce the heat-affected area of ​​welding, reduce the plastic deformation of the non-welding area, reduce the temperature rise of the non-welding area, and inhibit the warping caused by heat diffusion, thereby improving the quality of the finished welding product.

[0011] Optionally, a coiled cooling water pipe is provided in the partition strip, and the cooling water pipe is coiled parallel to the weld.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the arrangement is parallel to the weld to increase the heat exchange area, water cooling enhances the thermal insulation effect and improves the cooling efficiency; the partition belt is directly cooled to reduce the temperature gradient of the aluminum plate; the cooling water pipe is parallel to the weld, covering the heat affected zone, and is arranged in a winding manner and parallel to the weld to form cooling zones with different gradients, thereby forming gradient cooling and reducing the deformation of the aluminum plate caused by excessively fast cooling speed or no gradient.

[0013] Optionally, the pressing assembly further includes: The heat-resisting belt is arranged on the pressing frame and is located between the pressing roller and the partition belt.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, a multi-layer heat insulation structure (such as heat-insulating belts reflecting radiant heat) is formed, and residual heat is blocked from being transmitted to the pressure roller, and secondary heat insulation is performed to reduce the probability of failure of the pressure roller due to high temperature. At the same time, the expansion of the pressure roller can be reduced, and excessive extrusion of the aluminum veneer can be reduced, which affects the quality of the aluminum veneer.

[0015] Optionally, the pressing frame is further provided with a slag blocking assembly, and the slag blocking assembly comprises: A slag blocking frame, arranged on the pressing frame; The brush is arranged on the slag blocking frame and abuts against the aluminum plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the brush + slag retainer can reduce the splash or welding slag from entering the clamping roller, reducing the damage to the clamping roller and the heat-resisting belt. The brush is elastic and can reduce the damage to the aluminum veneer during the pressing process, and it is in elastic contact with the aluminum veneer to maintain compression.

[0017] Optionally, the slag blocking frame slides on the pressing frame and moves closer to or farther from the aluminum plate, and is connected with a reset member, and the reset member drives the slag blocking frame to move away from or closer to the aluminum plate; The pressing frame is provided with a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly comprises: A rack connected to the slag blocking frame and sliding along with the slag blocking frame; A gear is coaxially connected to the pressing roller and meshes with the rack.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the gear rack and the sliding block are linked to the slag stop frame and the clamping roller. The reaction force received by the reset part and the brush is transmitted to the clamping roller, so that the clamping roller applies pressure to the aluminum veneer, which can balance the front and rear forces and has synchronization, thereby reducing excessive force on the aluminum veneer and reducing damage to the aluminum veneer.

[0019] Optionally, the transmission assembly further includes: A sliding frame, sliding on the pressing frame, and the partition belt or the heat-blocking belt is arranged on the pressing frame; A transmission member is connected to the slag blocking frame and the sliding frame, and is used to drive the sliding frame to slide.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the partition belt / heat-blocking belt can complete the thermal insulation of the aluminum veneer during the downward pressing process, and can reduce the force exerted by the partition belt and the heat-blocking belt on the aluminum veneer, thereby reducing the damage to the aluminum veneer, the partition belt and the heat-blocking belt.

[0021] Optionally, the transmission member includes: A driving block connected to the slag blocking frame and sliding along with the slag blocking frame; A sliding block abuts against the driving block, and a driving surface is provided at the abutting end; The execution block slides on the clamping frame in the opposite direction of the driving block, is connected to the sliding frame, and one end abuts against the sliding block. The abutting end is provided with an execution surface. As the sliding block slides, it slides in the opposite direction to the driving block.

[0022] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the brush drives the slag stop frame to slide, the slag stop frame drives the driving block to slide, the driving block drives the sliding block to slide, the sliding block drives the execution block to move, and the execution block drives the sliding frame to approach the aluminum veneer, and the partition belt and the heat-blocking belt approach and contact the aluminum veneer to form a thermal isolation, thereby reducing heat transfer and plastic deformation, so that the welding quality of the aluminum veneer can be maintained.

[0023] Optionally, a welding control module is also provided on the welding platform, which is electrically connected to the image recognition module. The welding control module is used to compensate for the welding path according to the weld and predict the deformation based on a heat accumulation model, thereby controlling the welding speed of the laser welding mechanism.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, welding parameters (such as power and speed) are adjusted according to real-time deformation prediction; weld deviation caused by thermal deformation is reduced, and the welding quality of aluminum veneer is improved.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The image recognition and control module realizes intelligent adjustment, and through the setting of the fixing mechanism, the collapse of the aluminum veneer is reduced, so that the welding process is accurate, and the downward movement of the molten pool during the welding process can be reduced, and the deformation caused by heat collapse can be reduced, thereby improving the quality of the aluminum veneer welding process; 2. The partition belt / heat-blocking belt can complete the heat conduction isolation of the aluminum veneer during the downward pressing process, and can reduce the force exerted by the partition belt and the heat-blocking belt on the aluminum veneer, thereby reducing the damage to the aluminum veneer, the partition belt and the heat-blocking belt; 3. When the brush drives the slag stop frame to slide, the slag stop frame drives the driving block to slide, the driving block drives the sliding block to slide, the sliding block drives the execution block to move, the execution block drives the sliding frame to approach the aluminum veneer, the partition belt and the heat-blocking belt approach and contact the aluminum veneer to form a thermal isolation, thereby reducing heat transfer and plastic deformation, so that the welding quality of the aluminum veneer can be maintained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is an overall structural diagram of a welding device in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixing mechanism in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a compression frame in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Magnified view of area A in the middle.

[0027] : 100, welding platform; 200, fixing mechanism; 210, supporting member; 220, clamping assembly; 221, clamping frame; 222, clamping roller; 223, driving member; 224, partition belt; 225, heat-resisting belt; 230, power assembly; 231, first hinged rod; 232, second hinged rod; 233, electric push rod; 240, slag blocking assembly; 241, slag blocking frame; 242, brush; 243, reset member; 250, transmission assembly; 251, gear; 252, rack; 253, sliding frame; 254, driving block; 255, sliding block; 256, execution block; 257, driving surface; 258, execution surface; 260, adjusting seat; 270, sliding assembly; 300, laser welding mechanism; 400, supporting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following combination Figures 1 to 4 This application is described in further detail.

[0029] This embodiment discloses a laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum single plate.

[0030] Reference Figure 1The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device includes: a welding platform 100, an image recognition module, a fixing mechanism 200, a control module and a laser welding mechanism 300. The welding platform 100 serves as a base, provides a welding plane and carries various functional modules; the image recognition module is located above the platform and is used to scan the curvature of the aluminum single plate and the position of the weld; two groups of fixing mechanisms 200 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the weld, and the control module is integrated inside the platform to receive image data and control the action of the fixing mechanism 200; the laser welding mechanism 300 is suspended above the platform to perform welding operations; the pre-joined arc-shaped aluminum single plate is placed on the welding platform 100 to center or offset the weld; the image recognition module scans the curvature, height and weld coordinates of the aluminum single plate to generate three-dimensional data; the control module drives the fixing mechanism 200 to fix the aluminum single plate according to the data; the laser welding mechanism 300 moves along the weld trajectory, and dynamically adjusts the parameters through the heat accumulation model during welding; after welding is completed, the clamping assembly 220 is reset and the finished product is taken out.

[0031] The welding platform 100 is made of high-strength alloy steel plate to ensure the accuracy of the reference plane; slide rails are provided on both sides of the platform, and the fixing mechanism 200 is arranged on the slide rails to achieve position adjustment; the image recognition module includes a CCD industrial camera (resolution 5μm) and a laser scanner, and two groups are set, one of which is installed on one side of the welding platform 100 to obtain the side image of the aluminum veneer, and the other group is connected to the welding mechanism to obtain the image of the welding side of the aluminum veneer; the arc radius of the aluminum veneer, the coordinates of the center line of the weld and the plate thickness data are extracted through image processing algorithms (such as edge detection and point cloud fitting); the digital signal is transmitted to the control module through the RS485 bus.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The fixing mechanism 200 includes an adjusting seat 260, a supporting member 210, a clamping assembly 220 and a power assembly 230; the slide rails on both sides are slidably connected with the adjusting seat 260, and the welding platform 100 is provided with a sliding assembly 270. The sliding assembly 270 can be a mechanical driving structure such as a motor screw, a piston cylinder, a motor rack and pinion combination, etc. The present embodiment is preferably a piston cylinder, and an electric push cylinder is selected. The cylinder body of the electric push cylinder is arranged on the welding platform 100, and the piston rod is connected to the adjusting seat 260 to drive the adjusting seat 260 to slide along the slide rail; the adjusting seat 260 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, the sliding grooves are provided in the vertical direction, and the plurality of sliding grooves are arranged along the welding platform 100. The direction of the part is evenly distributed; each group of sliding grooves is provided with a support member 210, the support member 210 is a support wheel, and slides with the sliding groove, the support wheel includes a support rod and a wheel body, the support rod is adapted to the sliding groove, and the support rods in each group of sliding grooves are commonly connected with a connecting rod, so that multiple groups of support wheels can form a lifting gradient, which is convenient for adapting to the curvature of the aluminum veneer. This embodiment only shows one group; the wheel body is a polyurethane rubber-coated wheel with a diameter of 50mm and an adjustable wheel spacing (50-200mm); the clamping assembly 220 is arranged above the welding platform 100 and is arranged corresponding to the support wheel, and the power assembly 230 is arranged on the adjusting seat 260, connected to the support rod, and used to drive the support rod to slide.

[0033] In order to facilitate the rapid sliding of the support rod, the power component 230 uses a self-locking electric push rod 233, and the electric push rod 233 uses a screw-type electric push rod 233. The fixed end of the electric push rod 233 is fixedly connected to the adjustment seat 260, and the movable end of the electric push rod 233 is connected to the connecting rod, driving the electric push rod 233 to slide.

[0034] In other embodiments, the power assembly 230 also includes a first hinged rod 231 and a second hinged rod 232. One end of the first hinged rod 231 is rotatably connected to the movable end of the electric push rod 233, and the other end is provided with a slot. The slot is opened along the length direction of the first hinged rod 231, and the support rod slides in the slot. A card platform is integrally formed on the support rod, and the outer diameter of the card platform is larger than the width of the slot, so that when the first hinged rod 231 rotates, the support rod is driven to move upward; one end of the second hinged rod 232 is rotatably connected to the adjustment seat 260, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first hinged rod 231, and is located close to one end of the electric push rod 233, and is located at one quarter of the length direction of the first hinged rod 231.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A support frame 400 is arranged on the welding platform 100, and multiple support frames 400 can be arranged, and extend to the upper side of the aluminum single plate. The clamping assembly 220 includes a clamping frame 221, a clamping roller 222, a driving member 223, a partition belt 224, a cooling system and a heat-resisting belt 225, wherein the clamping frame 221 is made of an aluminum alloy profile, a slide groove is formed on the support frame 400, a slider is slidably connected in the slide groove, and the slider is connected to the clamping frame 221, and a driving member 223 is arranged on the support frame 400, and the driving member 223 is a linear motor, and the clamping frame 221 is driven by the linear motor to move along the Z axis; the clamping roller 222 is fixedly connected to the clamping frame 221, and a pressure sensor is arranged at the connection between the clamping roller 222 and the clamping frame 221 for detecting the clamping force; the surface of the clamping roller 222 is ceramic-plated The porcelain steel roller is parallel to the axis of the support wheel; the partition belt 224 is arranged on the pressing frame 221, which is made of high-temperature resistant silicone, and is embedded with a copper cooling water pipe (inner diameter 3mm). It is serpentine-coiled along the direction of the weld, and the cooling water pipe is parallel to the weld, and is coiled at least three times. The cooling water pipe away from the weld is the water inlet side, so that the temperature of the multi-section cooling water pipes becomes lower and lower in the direction away from the weld; the cooling water pipe is externally connected to a chiller (water temperature 20℃±2℃), the flow is adjusted by a solenoid valve, the flow rate is 0.5L / min, and it is connected to the control module by electrical signals, and the control module can control and adjust the water flow rate; the heat-resisting belt 225 is arranged on the pressing frame 221, and is located between the pressing roller 222 and the partition belt 224. It adopts a composite structure of multi-layer aluminum foil reflective layer and aerogel, with a thickness of 5mm and a reflectivity ≥95%.

[0036] In other embodiments, the support frame 400 may be disposed on the adjustment seat 260 and move along with the adjustment seat 260 .

[0037] In other embodiments, a sliding plate is slidably connected to the welding platform 100, a sliding rail is set on the sliding plate, and the adjustment seat 260 slides on the sliding plate through the sliding rail. The sliding plate can slide to one side of the welding platform 100 to facilitate placing the aluminum panel above the adjustment seat 260.

[0038] In other embodiments, in order to reduce the damage of welding slag or splash to the partition belt 224 and the pressing roller 222, a slag blocking assembly 240 is also provided on the pressing frame 221. The slag blocking assembly 240 includes a slag blocking frame 241, a reset member 243 and a brush 242. The slag blocking frame 241 is installed at the front end of the pressing frame 221 through a linear guide rail and can slide up and down along the Z axis; and a reset member 243 is arranged between the pressing frame 221 and the slag blocking frame 241. The reset member 243 is a reset spring, which connects the pressing frame 221 and the slag blocking frame 241 and applies a thrust to the slag blocking frame 241 so that the slag blocking frame 241 slides in a direction away from the pressing frame 221; the brush 242 is bonded to the side of the slag blocking frame 241 close to the aluminum single plate and has multiple clusters, and the end of the brush 242 abuts against the aluminum single plate; the brush 242 is a high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber brush, and the contact pressure with the aluminum single plate is ≤10N, and is reset by a spring.

[0039] In order to drive the aluminum veneer to close when pressing the aluminum veneer, a transmission assembly 250 is provided on the slag blocking frame 241. The transmission assembly 250 includes a gear 251 and a rack 252. The gear 251 is coaxially fixedly connected to the pressing roller 222 and rotates synchronously. The rack 252 is fixedly connected to the slag blocking frame 241. The rack 252 slides on the pressing frame 221 in the vertical direction. The rack 252 is meshed with the gear 251. When the slag blocking frame 241 moves upward, the rack 252 is driven to slide, so that the gear 251 rotates. The gear 251 drives the pressing roller 222 to rotate, so that the aluminum veneer is extruded into a weld.

[0040] In order to reduce the extrusion damage to the partition belt 224 and the heat-blocking belt 225 during the pressing process, a sliding frame 253 is slidably connected to the pressing frame 221, and the sliding frame 253 slides in the vertical direction. The partition belt 224 and the heat-blocking belt 225 are fixedly connected to the sliding frame 253. A transmission member is arranged on the pressing frame 221, and the transmission member is connected to the slag blocking frame 241. When the slag blocking frame 241 moves, the sliding frame 253 is driven to slide, and the movement direction of the sliding frame 253 is opposite to that of the slag blocking frame 241; the transmission member includes a driving block 254, a sliding block 255 and an execution block 256. The driving block 254 is fixedly connected to the slag blocking frame 241 and is vertically arranged. The execution block 256 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 253 and is parallel to the driving block 254 The sliding block 255 is slidably connected to the clamping frame 221, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the driving block 254. The two ends of the sliding block 255 correspond to the driving block 254 and the execution block 256 respectively, and one end of the sliding block 255 abuts against the driving block 254, and the abutting surface forms a driving surface 257. The driving surface 257 is inclined, and the end close to the driving block 254 is inclined in the direction away from the driving block 254, and the driving block 254 is tangent to the driving surface 257; the other end abuts against the execution block 256, and the abutting surface forms an execution surface 258. The execution surface 258 is inclined, and the end close to the execution block 256 is inclined in the direction away from the execution block 256, and the execution block 256 is tangent to the execution surface 258.

[0041] The laser welding mechanism 300 includes a laser head and a motion component. The laser head is a fiber laser (wavelength 1070nm, maximum power 6kW), equipped with a coaxial CCD to monitor the weld pool; the motion component is a six-axis robotic arm (repeat positioning accuracy ±0.02mm), the welding path is programmed and controlled by the CNC system, and motion control is performed through the control module.

[0042] The control module includes a main controller, which adopts a PLC (such as Siemens S7-1200) to generate motion control instructions after receiving image data; the linear motor, electric push rod 233, electric push cylinder, chiller and laser welding mechanism 300 are controlled through the EtherCAT bus; the built-in finite element thermal-mechanical coupling model predicts the deformation in real time according to the welding speed (0.5-2m / min) and laser power (1-4kW), and dynamically adjusts the welding path offset (compensation range ±0.2mm).

[0043] Each module works together through electrical and mechanical linkage to achieve precise fixation and welding of curved aluminum panels.

[0044] In order to further improve the stability of the aluminum veneer, a force-applying assembly is provided on the pressing frame 221, and the force-applying assembly includes a sliding frame, a first clamping block and a second clamping block. The sliding frame is arranged between the slider and the pressing frame 221, and the sliding frame is connected to the slider. The pressing frame 221 slides on the sliding frame and slides in the vertical direction, and the sliding stroke is 2-5 mm, and the pressing frame 221 is connected to the slider through the sliding frame; the first clamping block is fixedly connected to the sliding frame, and the second clamping block is fixed to the pressing roller 222, and as the pressing roller 222 rotates, the second abutting block can abut against the first abutting block as it rotates, and the abutting surface between the second abutting block and the first abutting block is a wedge surface, and as the welding pulls the aluminum veneer, the second abutting block will apply force to the first abutting block, so that the pressing roller 222 presses the aluminum veneer.

[0045] When the brush 242 contacts the aluminum plate, the slag blocking frame 241 is pressed and moved backward, and the angle of the pressing roller 222 is fine-tuned through the gear-rack transmission, while driving the sliding block 255 to push the partition belt 224 close to the aluminum plate to form a gradient cooling zone.

[0046] During the welding process, the heat accumulation model predicts the deformation every 0.1s. If the predicted deformation exceeds 0.1mm, the welding speed is reduced by 10% and the cooling water flow rate is increased by 20%.

[0047] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: place the pre-spliced ​​curved aluminum veneer on the welding platform 100, adjust the position so that the weld is centered or offset according to the process requirements, start the electric push cylinder to drive the adjustment seats 260 on both sides to move along the slide rail, so that the support wheels are initially close to the bottom surface of the aluminum veneer; the spacing between the support wheels is adjusted through the sliding groove (50-200mm) to initially match the curvature of the aluminum veneer.

[0048] The side CCD camera scans the arc radius, height and thickness of the aluminum veneer; the laser scanner on the welding side obtains the coordinates of the center line of the weld. The weld contour is extracted by the edge detection algorithm, and the three-dimensional model data is generated by combining the point cloud fitting. The three-dimensional data is transmitted to the control module (Siemens S7-1200 PLC) via the RS485 bus. The control module generates the welding path and dynamic compensation parameters based on the finite element thermal-mechanical coupling model. The electric push rod 233 drives the support rod to rise and fall along the sliding groove to form a gradient support that matches the arc of the aluminum veneer. The polyurethane rubber-coated wheel (diameter 50mm) contacts the aluminum plate to avoid surface scratches. The linear motor drives the clamping frame 221 to press down along the Z axis, and the clamping roller 222 (ceramic-coated steel roller) contacts the aluminum plate. The pressure sensor feeds back the clamping force in real time (≤10N). Gear-rack transmission: When the slag stop frame 241 moves up, it drives the clamping roller 222 to fine-tune the angle to assist in the alignment of the aluminum veneer seams.

[0049] The partition belt 224 (built-in copper cooling water pipe) is fed with 20℃ cold water at a flow rate of 0.5L / min, and it is coiled along the weld to form a gradient cooling zone. The heat-resistance belt 225 (aluminum foil + aerogel) covers the pressure roller 222 and the partition belt 224, with a reflectivity of ≥95%, reducing thermal radiation damage. The ceramic fiber brush 242 abuts against the surface of the aluminum plate through the reset spring, with a contact pressure of ≤10N to block splashes. The slag blocking frame 241 moves backward to trigger the transmission of the sliding block 255, pushing the partition belt 224 close to the aluminum plate to enhance the cooling efficiency. The welding mechanism (6kW fiber laser) is started, and the six-axis robot moves according to the preset path with a repeat positioning accuracy of ±0.02mm; the coaxial CCD monitors the state of the molten pool in real time, and predicts the deformation every 0.1s in combination with the heat accumulation model: deformation > 0.1mm: welding speed is reduced by 10%, and cooling water flow is increased by 20%. Laser power is dynamically adjusted (1-4kW), and path offset compensation is ±0.2mm. The slag blocking assembly 240 continuously cleans the spatter, and the cooling system inhibits heat accumulation and reduces the generation of welding slag. The pressing roller 222 rotates synchronously (gear-rack transmission) to assist the weld to fuse evenly.

[0050] After welding is completed, the laser head is lifted, and the clamping frame 221, the supporting wheel and the slag blocking assembly 240 are automatically reset; the cooling water valve is closed, and the heat-blocking belt 225 and the partition belt 224 are separated from the surface of the aluminum plate.

[0051] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser welding device for arc-shaped aluminum veneer, characterized in that: include: A welding platform (100) forms a welding plane for placing the arc-shaped aluminum panels after splicing; An image recognition module, arranged on the welding platform (100), for identifying the arc-shaped aluminum single plate to be welded; The fixing mechanism (200) is provided with two groups, which are respectively located on both sides of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate welding seam, and include a support member (210), a clamping assembly (220) and a power assembly (230); the support member (210) includes a plurality of support wheels, the plurality of support wheels are arranged along the length direction of the welding seam, and the plurality of support wheels slide on the welding platform (100), and the support wheels are used to support the arc-shaped aluminum single plate away from the welding platform (100); the clamping assembly (220) is arranged on the welding platform (100), and is arranged corresponding to the support wheels, and cooperates with the support wheels to fix the arc-shaped aluminum single plate; the power assembly (230) is arranged on the welding platform (100), and is connected to the support wheels, and is used to drive the support wheels to slide; a control module, arranged on the welding platform (100), electrically connected to the image recognition module, used to receive digital signals from the image recognition module, electrically connected to the clamping assembly (220) and the power assembly (230), used to control the actions of the clamping assembly (220) and the power assembly (230), and thus achieving fixation of the curved aluminum single plate; The laser welding mechanism (300) is arranged on the welding platform (100) and is used to weld the weld of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate.

2. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressing assembly (220) comprises: A pressing frame (221) slides on the welding platform (100) and moves closer to or farther from the support member (210); A pressing roller (222) is arranged on the pressing frame (221), corresponds to the supporting member (210), and has a rotation axis parallel to the weld of the arc-shaped aluminum single plate; A driving member (223) is disposed on the welding platform (100), connected to the pressing frame (221), and used for driving the pressing frame (221) to approach the supporting member (210).

3. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pressing assembly (220) further includes: The partition belt (224) is arranged on the pressing frame (221) and is located on a side of the pressing roller (222) close to the weld of the aluminum veneer.

4. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A coiled cooling water pipe is arranged in the partition strip (224), and the cooling water pipe is coiled parallel to the weld.

5. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (220) further includes: The heat-blocking belt (225) is arranged on the pressing frame (221) and is located between the pressing roller (222) and the partition belt (224).

6. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The pressing frame (221) is also provided with a slag blocking assembly (240), and the slag blocking assembly (240) comprises: A slag blocking frame (241) is arranged on the pressing frame (221); The brush (242) is arranged on the slag blocking frame (241) and abuts against the aluminum plate.

7. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The slag blocking frame (241) slides on the pressing frame (221) and moves closer to or farther from the aluminum plate, and is connected to a reset member (243), wherein the reset member (243) drives the slag blocking frame (241) to move closer to or farther from the aluminum plate; The pressing frame (221) is provided with a transmission assembly (250), and the transmission assembly (250) comprises: A rack (252) connected to the slag blocking frame (241) and sliding along with the slag blocking frame (241); A gear (251) is coaxially connected to the pressing roller (222) and meshes with the rack (252).

8. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The transmission assembly (250) further includes: A sliding frame (253) slides on the pressing frame (221), and the partition belt (224) or the heat-blocking belt (225) are both arranged on the pressing frame (221); A transmission member is connected to the slag blocking frame (241) and the sliding frame (253), and is used to drive the sliding frame (253) to slide.

9. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The transmission member comprises: A driving block (254) connected to the slag blocking frame (241) and sliding along with the slag blocking frame (241); A sliding block (255) abuts against the driving block (254), and a driving surface (257) is provided at the abutting end; An execution block (256) slides on the clamping frame (221) in a direction opposite to the sliding direction of the driving block (254), is connected to the sliding frame (253), and one end abuts against the sliding block (255). An execution surface (258) is provided on the abutting end. As the sliding block (255) slides, the execution block slides in the opposite direction to the driving block (254).

10. The arc-shaped aluminum single plate laser welding device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The welding platform (100) is also provided with a welding control module, which is electrically connected to the image recognition module. The welding control module is used to compensate for the welding path according to the weld and predict the deformation amount based on a heat accumulation model, thereby controlling the welding speed of the laser welding mechanism (300).

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