Fiber reinforced composite material tension structure sandwich panel

Abstract

The invention provides a fiber reinforced composite material tension structure sandwich panel which comprises a profile assembly, the profile assembly comprises a plurality of pultruded profiles and fixed profiles, the pultruded profiles are longitudinally or / and transversely arranged, the fixed profiles are distributed between every two adjacent pultruded profiles, and fiber cloth wraps the surfaces of the fixed profiles and the surfaces of the two pultruded profiles at the same time. Resin is guided into the connecting position, and after the resin is cured, the fiber cloth, the fixing sectional material and the pultrusion sectional material form an integrally-fixed tensile web; the outer surface of the profile assembly is coated with fiber cloth, resin is guided into the connecting position, and after the resin is cured, the fiber cloth and the profile assembly are fixed to form a pressed surface layer. The axial tensile strength of the FRP is fully exerted, the anti-stripping capacity of the pultrusion profile and the core material is greatly improved based on the sandwich structure, the axial compression stress performance of the pultrusion profile is greatly improved, meanwhile, a progressive damage mode under the stress state of a component is achieved based on the axial tension and compression performance difference of the fiber reinforced composite material, and the tensile strength of the pultrusion profile is greatly improved. The brittle failure characteristic of the composite material structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material structures, and in particular relates to a fiber-reinforced composite material tension structure sandwich panel. Background Art

[0002] Fiber reinforced composites (FRP) have the characteristics of light weight, high strength and good corrosion resistance. The pultrusion molding process adopts industrialized production, and the fibers are mainly distributed along the axial direction. The components have good mechanical properties and economy, and are widely used in lightweight structures. However, due to its special molding process, the components are mainly thin-walled structures, which are prone to local buckling when subjected to lateral compression or bending, and the components are prone to obvious brittle failure characteristics. The sandwich structure and the filling of lightweight materials such as foam and wood can effectively provide lateral support and delay the out-of-plane displacement of the pultruded profile, which can significantly improve the compressive and shear properties of the pultruded profile. However, when the ultimate load is reached, the component still shows obvious brittle failure characteristics; the bearing capacity and failure mode of the component are mainly controlled by the compressive properties of the FRP material, and its ultimate strain is much smaller than the ultimate strain when subjected to tension, and the utilization rate of the fiber tensile properties is low.

[0003] Therefore, the present invention proposes a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a fiber-reinforced composite tension structure sandwich panel, which has the advantages of light weight, high compressive strength, obvious pseudo-ductility characteristics and good corrosion resistance. It can make full use of the tensile strength of the fiber and is suitable for road bridge deck components that are difficult to install, have high strength requirements, and are located in a highly corrosive environment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel, comprising a profile assembly; the profile assembly comprises a plurality of groups of pultruded profiles and fixed profiles; the pultruded profiles are arranged longitudinally or / and transversely; the fixed profile is distributed between two adjacent pultruded profiles, at least one layer of fiber cloth is arranged at the connection between the fixed profile and the two pultruded profiles, the fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the surfaces of the fixed profile and the two pultruded profiles, resin is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the fixed profile and the surfaces of the two pultruded profiles, after the resin is cured and formed, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the pultruded profile form an integrally fixed tension web; the outer surface of the profile assembly is coated with at least one layer of fiber cloth, resin is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the profile assembly, after the resin is cured and formed, the fiber cloth and the profile assembly are fixed to form a compression surface layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the pultruded profile is an I-profile; the I-profile is arranged along the width and height directions of the sandwich panel; the wing plates of the I-profile are in a horizontal state, and the wing plate spacing of two adjacent I-profiles distributed along the width direction is adapted to the web width of the I-profile, and the upper wing plate of the I-profile distributed below is located above the lower wing plate of the I-profile distributed above; the fixed profile is arranged between the upper wing plate of the I-profile distributed below and the lower wing plate of the I-profile distributed above, and the fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the outer surfaces of the I-profile wing plate and the fixed profile, and by introducing resin and curing it, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile, and the I-profile wing plates distributed above and below form an integrally fixed tensile web.

[0008] Furthermore, a first U-shaped profile is provided at both ends of the profile assembly; the opening of the first U-shaped profile faces the internal I-shaped profile, a fixed profile is provided between the lower wing plate of the first U-shaped profile and the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile, and a fixed profile is provided between the upper wing plate of the first U-shaped profile and the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile; the outer surfaces of the upper wing plate of the first U-shaped profile, the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile and the fixed profile are covered with fiber cloth, and the outer surfaces of the lower wing plate of the first U-shaped profile, the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile and the fixed profile are covered with fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth, the fixed profile, the first U-shaped profile and the I-shaped profile are fixed by introducing resin and curing it.

[0009] Furthermore, the pultruded profile is a T-profile; the T-profile is arranged along the width and height directions of the sandwich panel, and the T-profile is arranged in two layers in the height direction of the sandwich panel, the upper and lower layers of the T-profile are in opposite directions, and the wing plates of the T-profiles on the same layer are located in the same plane; the wing plate spacing of two adjacent T-profiles on the same layer is adapted to the web width of the T-profile, and the wing plate of the lower layer of the T-profile is distributed below the wing plate of the upper layer of the T-profile; the fixed profile is arranged between the wing plate of the lower layer of the T-profile and the wing plate of the upper layer of the T-profile, and the fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the outer surface of the T-profile wing plate and the fixed profile, and by introducing resin and curing, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the upper and lower layers of the T-profile wing plates form an integrally fixed tensile web.

[0010] Furthermore, L-shaped profiles are provided at both ends of the profile assembly; the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile and the wing plate of the upper or lower T-shaped profile are located in the same plane, and a fixed profile is provided between the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile and the wing plate of the lower or upper T-shaped profile; the outer surface of the wing plate of the T-shaped profile, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile and the fixed profile are covered with fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth, the fixed profile, the wing plate of the T-shaped profile and the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile are fixed by introducing resin and curing it.

[0011] Furthermore, the pultruded profile is a second U-shaped profile; the second U-shaped profile is arranged along the height direction of the sandwich panel; the opening directions of the upper and lower adjacent second U-shaped profiles are opposite, and the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile distributed below is located above the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile distributed above; the fixed profile is arranged between the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile distributed below and the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile distributed above, and the fiber cloth is simultaneously covered on the outer surfaces of the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile below, the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile above and the fixed profile, and by introducing resin and curing it, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the second U-shaped profile wing plates distributed above and below form an integral and fixed tensile web.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixed profile and the pultruded profile are fitted together; the fixed profile is an integrated rectangular parallelepiped structure, or the fixed profile is a rectangular parallelepiped structure composed of two triangular prisms, preferably a rectangular parallelepiped structure composed of two triangular prisms, which can improve the stress-bearing performance of the web.

[0013] Furthermore, the material of the fixed profile is wood, foam, resin, plastic, concrete or metal, preferably foam, which has a lower compressive stiffness than pultruded profile and is easy to fill.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner cavity of the sandwich panel is provided with a filler, which is wood, foam, resin, plastic or concrete, preferably foam, which has a lower compressive stiffness than pultruded profiles and is easy to fill.

[0015] Furthermore, the pultruded profile is made of a base material, a reinforcing material and an auxiliary material through a pultrusion machine and a mold; the base material is unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin; the reinforcing material is continuous glass fiber, stitched felt, composite felt, continuous felt, nick felt, polyester surface felt or composite surface felt; the auxiliary materials include a release agent, a curing agent, a low shrinkage additive and a filler.

[0016] Furthermore, the fiber cloth is made of uniaxial, biaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth or hybrid fiber cloth, preferably glass fiber, which has high cost performance.

[0017] Furthermore, the resin is unsaturated polyester, vinyl resin, epoxy resin or phenolic resin. The resin is introduced by vacuum introduction process or by hand lay-up process.

[0018] Beneficial Effects

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention adopts a composite material manufacturing process to integrally form a composite material tensile web and a composite material compressive surface layer to form a composite material tension structure, which effectively exerts the tensile properties of the material during the stress process of the composite material, and based on the differentiation of the tensile and compressive properties of the material, improves the brittle failure characteristics of the composite material structure. At the same time, a sandwich structure is adopted to facilitate the filling of various materials, which can greatly improve the anti-peeling ability of the pultruded profile and the core material, and improve the axial compressive stress performance of the pultruded profile. At the same time, based on the difference in axial tensile and compressive properties of fiber-reinforced composite materials, a progressive failure mode under the stress state of the component is realized, and the shear resistance of the tension structure is significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber-reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber-reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber-reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to Example 3 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber-reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to Example 4 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber-reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to Example 5 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber-reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to Example 6 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of vacuum introduction processing of the fiber reinforced composite material tension structure sandwich panel of the present invention.

[0028] The symbols in the accompanying drawings are:

[0029] 1. I-shaped profile; 2. First U-shaped profile; 3. T-shaped profile; 4. L-shaped profile; 5. Second U-shaped profile; 6. Filler; 7. Fixed profile; 8. Tensile web; 9. Compression surface layer; 10. Plastic cover; 11. Fiber cloth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The invention provides a fiber reinforced composite material tension structure sandwich panel, comprising a profile component, wherein the profile component comprises a plurality of groups of pultruded profiles and fixed profiles.

[0032] The pultruded profile is arranged longitudinally or / and transversely. The pultruded profile is made of a base material, a reinforcing material and an auxiliary material through a pultrusion machine and a mold. The base material is unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin, the reinforcing material is continuous glass fiber, stitched felt, composite felt, continuous felt, nick felt, polyester surface felt or composite surface felt, and the auxiliary materials include a release agent, a curing agent, a low shrinkage additive and a filler.

[0033] The fixed profile is distributed between two adjacent pultruded profiles, and the fixed profile and the pultruded profile overlap and fit each other. The fixed profile is an integrated rectangular parallelepiped structure, or the fixed profile is a rectangular parallelepiped structure spliced ​​by two triangular prisms. The material of the fixed profile is wood, foam, resin, plastic, concrete or metal.

[0034] At least one layer of fiber cloth is provided at the connection between the fixed profile and the two pultruded profiles. The fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the fixed profile and the surfaces of the two pultruded profiles. Resin is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the fixed profile and the surfaces of the two pultruded profiles. After the resin is cured and formed, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the pultruded profile form an integrally fixed tension web. The outer surface of the profile assembly is coated with at least one layer of fiber cloth. Resin is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the profile assembly. After the resin is cured and formed, the fiber cloth and the profile assembly are fixed to form a compression surface layer.

[0035] The fiber cloth is uniaxial, biaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth or hybrid fiber cloth, preferably glass fiber, which has high cost performance. The resin is unsaturated polyester, vinyl resin, epoxy resin or phenolic resin. The resin is introduced by vacuum introduction process, or by resin hand lay-up process, or by fiber impregnation resin winding process.

[0036] The inner cavity of the sandwich panel is provided with a filler, which is wood, foam, resin, plastic or concrete, preferably foam, which has a lower compressive rigidity than pultruded profiles and is easy to fill.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel, including a profile assembly, and the profile assembly includes a plurality of groups of pultruded profiles and fixed profiles 7.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the pultruded profile is an I-shaped profile 1, and a plurality of I-shaped profiles 1 are arranged along the width direction and the height direction of the sandwich panel. The I-shaped profile 1 is 100 mm high, 100 mm wide at the upper and lower flanges, 6 mm thick at the flanges, 6 mm thick at the webs, and 400 mm long;

[0040] Specifically, the I-shaped profile 1 is provided in two layers, each layer including 7 I-shaped profiles 1, and the wing plates of the I-shaped profiles 1 in the same layer are on the same horizontal plane. In the I-shaped profiles 1 in the same layer, the distance between the wing plates of two adjacent I-shaped profiles 1 is adapted to the web width of the I-shaped profile 1, and the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile 1 distributed at the bottom is located above the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile 1 distributed at the top.

[0041] The fixed profile 7 is arranged between the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile 1 distributed below and the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile 1 distributed above, and the fixed profile 7 and the wing plates of the I-shaped profile 1 are mutually attached. The fixed profile 7 is an integrated rectangular foam with a height of 20 mm and a width of 47 mm. A double layer of fiber cloth (glass fiber cloth) is arranged at the connection between the fixed profile 7 and the two I-shaped profiles 1. The fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the lower surface of the lower wing plate of the upper I-shaped profile 1, the upper surface of the upper wing plate of the lower I-shaped profile 1, and the two exposed end surfaces of the fixed profile 7. By introducing resin (unsaturated resin) and curing it, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile 7, and the wing plates of the I-shaped profiles 1 distributed on the upper and lower layers form an integrated fixed tension web 8.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a first U-shaped profile 2 (100mm high, 100mm wide upper and lower flanges, 6mm thick flanges, 6mm thick webs, and 400mm long) is provided at each end of the profile assembly. The opening of the first U-shaped profile 2 faces the internal I-shaped profile 1. Among them, a fixed profile 7 is provided between the upper wing plate of the first U-shaped profile 2 distributed at the left end and the lower wing plate of the first I-shaped profile 1 at the left end, and a fixed profile 7 is provided between the lower wing plate of the first U-shaped profile 2 distributed at the right end and the upper wing plate of the first I-shaped profile 1 at the right end. The outer surfaces of the upper wing plate of the first U-shaped profile 2, the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile 1, and the fixed profile 7 are covered with fiber cloth (glass fiber cloth), and the outer surfaces of the lower wing plate of the first U-shaped profile 2, the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile 1, and the fixed profile 7 are covered with fiber cloth (glass fiber cloth). The fiber cloth, the fixed profile 7, the first U-shaped profile 2, and the I-shaped profile 1 are fixed by introducing resin (unsaturated resin) and curing.

[0043] The I-shaped profile 1 and the first U-shaped profile 2 are made of the same material, both of which are extruded by a pultruder from a base material (epoxy resin), a reinforcing material (continuous glass fiber) and auxiliary materials (release agent, curing agent, low shrinkage additive and filler), and are made into corresponding shapes through a mold.

[0044] The outer surface of the profile assembly composed of each I-shaped profile 1 and the first U-shaped profile 2 is covered with six layers of fiber cloth (glass fiber cloth), and resin (epoxy resin) is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the profile assembly. After the resin is cured, the fiber cloth and the profile assembly are fixed to form a pressure surface layer 9.

[0045] When the component is subjected to external load, the compressive surface layer 9 is damaged before the pultruded profile and the tensile web 8. The component has obvious signs of damage and stiffness changes, showing obvious pseudo-ductility characteristics. The fixed profile 7 effectively supports the flanges of the I-shaped profile 1 and the first U-shaped profile 2, improving their shear strength. The strength of the tensile web 8 of the first peak load of the component is controlled to fully utilize the tensile strength of the fiber; the pultruded profiles are staggered to limit the development of bending cracks, which can further improve the deformation capacity of the component.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] This embodiment provides a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel, including a profile assembly, and the profile assembly includes a plurality of groups of pultruded profiles and fixed profiles 7.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the pultruded profile is a T-shaped profile 3, and a plurality of T-shaped profiles 3 are arranged along the width direction and the height direction of the sandwich panel. The T-shaped profile 3 is 100 mm high, 100 mm wide on the upper flange, 6 mm thick on the flange, 6 mm thick on the web, and 400 mm long.

[0049] Specifically, the T-shaped profiles 3 are arranged in two layers in the height direction of the sandwich panel, each layer includes 7 T-shaped profiles 3, the upper and lower layers of T-shaped profiles 3 are in opposite directions, the wing plates of the T-shaped profiles 3 in the same layer are located in the same plane, and the wing plates of the upper layer of T-shaped profiles 3 are parallel to the wing plates of the lower layer of T-shaped profiles 3. The distance between the wing plates of two adjacent T-shaped profiles 3 in the same layer is adapted to the web width of the T-shaped profiles 3, and the wing plates of the lower layer of T-shaped profiles 3 are distributed below the wing plates of the upper layer of T-shaped profiles 3.

[0050] The fixed profile 7 is arranged between the wing plate of the lower layer T-shaped profile 3 and the wing plate of the upper layer T-shaped profile 3, and the fixed profile 7 and the wing plate of the T-shaped profile 3 are mutually attached. The fixed profile 7 is an integrated rectangular foam with a height of 20 mm and a width of 47 mm. A double layer of fiber cloth (four-axial glass fiber cloth) is arranged at the connection between the fixed profile 7 and the two T-shaped profiles 3. The fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the upper surface of the wing plate of the upper layer T-shaped profile 3, the lower surface of the wing plate of the lower layer T-shaped profile 3, and the two exposed end surfaces of the fixed profile 7. By introducing resin (unsaturated resin) and curing, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile 7, and the upper and lower layers of the T-shaped profile 3 wing plates form an integrated fixed tension web 8.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, an L-shaped profile 4 (100 mm in height, 50 mm in width, 6 mm in thickness, and 400 mm in length) is provided at each end of the profile assembly, wherein a fixed profile 7 is provided between the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile 4 at the left end and the wing plate of the lower layer T-shaped profile 3, and a fixed profile 7 is provided between the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile 4 at the right end and the wing plate of the upper layer T-shaped profile 3. The outer surfaces of the wing plate of the T-shaped profile 3, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile 4, and the fixed profile 7 are covered with fiber cloth (glass fiber cloth), and the fiber cloth, the fixed profile 7, the wing plate of the T-shaped profile 3, and the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile 4 are fixed by introducing resin (unsaturated resin) and curing.

[0052] The L-shaped profile 4 and the T-shaped profile 3 are made of the same material, both of which are extruded by a pultruder from a base material (epoxy resin), a reinforcing material (continuous glass fiber) and auxiliary materials (release agent, curing agent, low shrinkage additive and filler), and are made into corresponding shapes through a mold.

[0053] The inner and outer surfaces of the profile assembly composed of each L-shaped profile 4 and T-shaped profile 3 are covered with 6 layers of fiber cloth (quad-axial glass fiber cloth), and resin (epoxy resin) is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the profile assembly. After the resin is cured and formed, the fiber cloth and the profile assembly are fixed to form a pressure surface layer 9.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] This embodiment provides a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel, including a profile assembly, and the profile assembly includes a plurality of groups of pultruded profiles and fixed profiles 7.

[0056] like Figure 3As shown, the pultruded profile is a second U-shaped profile 5, and four second U-shaped profiles 5 are arranged along the height direction of the sandwich panel. The second U-shaped profile 5 is extruded by a pultruder from a base material (epoxy resin), a reinforcing material (continuous glass fiber) and auxiliary materials (release agent, curing agent, low shrinkage additive and filler), and is made into a corresponding shape by a mold. The second U-shaped profile 5 is 100 mm high, 100 mm wide at the upper and lower flanges, 6 mm thick at the flanges, 6 mm thick at the webs, and 1000 mm long.

[0057] The opening directions of the upper and lower adjacent second U-shaped profiles 5 are opposite, and the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile 5 distributed below is located above the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile 5 distributed above. The fixed profile 7 is arranged between the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile 5 distributed below and the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile 5 distributed above, and the fixed profile 7 and the wing plate of the second U-shaped profile 5 are mutually attached. The fixed profile 7 is an integrated rectangular foam with a height of 20 mm and a width of 47 mm.

[0058] A double layer of fiber cloth (four-axial glass fiber cloth) is provided at the connection between the fixed profile 7 and the second U-profile 5. The fiber cloth simultaneously covers the upper wing plate of the second U-profile 5 below, the lower wing plate of the second U-profile 5 above, and the two exposed end faces of the fixed profile 7. By introducing resin (unsaturated resin) and curing it, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile 7, and the wing plates of the second U-profile 5 distributed above and below form an integrally fixed tensile web 8.

[0059] The inner and outer surfaces of the profile assembly composed of each second U-shaped profile 5 are covered with 6 layers of fiber cloth (four-axial glass fiber cloth), and resin (epoxy resin) is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the profile assembly. After the resin is cured, the fiber cloth and the profile assembly are fixed to form a pressure surface layer 9.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] This embodiment provides a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the number of layers of the I-shaped profiles 1 is different.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, six layers of I-shaped profiles 1 are provided, and two first U-shaped profiles 2 are provided at both ends of the profile assembly. The assembly method of the I-shaped profile 1, the first U-shaped profile 2, the fixed profile 7 and the fiber cloth is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] This embodiment provides a fiber reinforced composite material tension structure sandwich panel, the main structure of which is the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that the structure of the fixing profile 7 is different.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the fixed profile 7 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure formed by splicing two triangular prisms, with a height of 20 mm and a width of 47 mm. Its material is PET foam, which can further improve the bending and shear strength of the pultruded profile flange.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] This embodiment provides a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel, the main structure of which is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that:

[0068] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the inner cavity of the sandwich panel is provided with a foam filler 6 (polyurethane foam), so that the sandwich panel has a solid structure and the structural strength is enhanced.

[0069] Example 7

[0070] This embodiment provides a preparation process of a fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel:

[0071] Step 1: Make pultruded profiles:

[0072] In the factory, the pultrusion profile mold is first made, and then the base material (epoxy resin), reinforcement material (continuous glass fiber) and auxiliary materials (release agent, curing agent, low shrinkage additive and filler) are made into pultruded profiles of corresponding shapes through a pultruder and a mold.

[0073] Step 2: Combine the fixed profile and the pultruded profile into a profile assembly:

[0074] Process the fixed profile to the required size and fix it to the wing plate of the pultruded profile formed in step 1 (by spraying glue or nail anchoring), and wrap a single layer or multiple layers of fiber cloth (glass fiber cloth) along the overlap, with the wrapping direction parallel to the height direction.

[0075] Step 3: Assemble the composite material tension structure sandwich panel:

[0076] The outer surface of the profile component is covered with a single layer or multiple layers of fiber cloth (glass fiber cloth), the wrapping direction is parallel to the height direction, and the opening of the component is sealed with a plastic cover 10 to facilitate vacuum introduction. Figure 7 .

[0077] Step 4: Overall forming:

[0078] The vacuum introduction process is adopted, and after laying the guide pipe, demoulding cloth, cover plate and other devices, a vacuum bag is used to seal it, and the resin (epoxy resin) is poured into the vacuum bag, and the resin is introduced into the profile component to form the tensile web and the compressive surface layer.

[0079] After the resin is solidified and formed, the component is taken out, the plastic cover 10 is removed, and the filler 6 is poured into the inner cavity of the profile component, and the fiber-reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel is completed.

[0080] Application principle of the present invention:

[0081] When the fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel is subjected to external load (bending or compression), the compressive surface layer 9 is subjected to upper compressive stress and transfers the load to the upper pultruded profile, causing the pultruded profile to move downward. At this time, the tensile web 8 is tensioned and tensile, limiting the displacement of the pultruded profile and transferring the load to the lower pultruded profile. When the damage load is reached, since the calculated length of the compressive surface layer 9 is longer than that of the pultruded profile and its deformation capacity is lower than that of the tensile web 8, the compressive surface layer 9 is partially damaged, the stiffness of the component decreases, and the load decreases. At this time, the component has not yet lost its bearing capacity, and the load is mainly borne by the pultruded profile and the tensile web 8. At this time, in addition to being subjected to pressure, the pultruded profile has obvious bending shear stress on the flange due to the downward force of the tensile web 8. The fixed profile 7 supports the flange to prevent damage to the pultruded profile before the tensile web 8 is tensilely damaged. When the tension web 8 is destroyed, the material stiffness and the upper and lower spacing between the pultruded profiles are reasonably designed so that when the tension web 8 reaches the limit of destruction, the upper and lower pultruded profiles are in contact. At this time, the load drops significantly. If the loading continues, the joints of the pultruded profiles continue to be stressed, and the load continues to rise. The overall performance is multiple rising sections, with obvious pseudo-ductility.

[0082] Under bending, the pultruded profile has good axial stiffness and can effectively bear external bending moments. Due to the difference in tension and compression of the fiber, the upper pultruded profile is damaged before the lower one during bending damage, and the bending crack develops along the height of the section. In the tensioned structural plate, since the pultruded profiles are staggered, the crack development is limited, and the component still maintains a certain bearing capacity, showing obvious pseudo-ductility characteristics.

[0083] The present invention discloses a fiber reinforced composite material (FRP) tension structure sandwich panel, including an open cross-section FRP pultruded profile, an FRP tension web and an FRP compression surface layer, wherein the FRP pultruded profile wing plate adopts fixed profiles to overlap each other and wrap with fiber cloth to form a block, and the FRP compression surface layer is integrally wrapped and integrally formed along the cross-sectional direction of the block, and the integral forming method adopts a hand lay-up process or a vacuum introduction resin process, and the FRP tension web is composed of a pultruded profile wing plate, a fixed profile, a fiber cloth and a resin, and the FRP compression panel is a pultruded profile, an integrally wrapped fiber cloth and a resin mixture. The present invention adopts a tension structure to give full play to the axial tensile strength of FRP, and based on the sandwich structure, greatly improves the peeling resistance of the pultruded profile and the core material, greatly improves the axial compression performance of the pultruded profile, and at the same time, based on the difference in axial tension and compression performance of the fiber reinforced composite material, realizes the progressive failure mode of the component under stress state, and improves the brittle failure characteristics of the composite material structure.

[0084] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel, characterized in that: Includes profile components; The profile assembly includes several groups of pultruded profiles and fixed profiles; The pultruded profiles are arranged longitudinally or / and transversely; the fixed profiles are distributed between two adjacent pultruded profiles, at least one layer of fiber cloth is provided at the connection between the fixed profile and the two pultruded profiles, and the fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the fixed profile and the surfaces of the two pultruded profiles, and resin is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the fixed profile and the surfaces of the two pultruded profiles, and after the resin is cured and formed, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the pultruded profile form an integrally fixed tension web; The outer surface of the profile component is covered with at least one layer of fiber cloth, and resin is introduced into the connection between the fiber cloth and the profile component. After the resin is cured and formed, the fiber cloth and the profile component are fixed to form a pressure surface layer.

2. The fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pultruded profile is an I-shaped profile (1); The I-shaped profiles (1) are arranged along the width direction and the height direction of the sandwich panel; The wing plates of the I-shaped profile (1) are in a horizontal state, the distance between the wing plates of two adjacent I-shaped profiles (1) distributed along the width direction is adapted to the web width of the I-shaped profile (1), and the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1) distributed at the bottom is located above the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1) distributed at the top; The fixed profile is arranged between the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1) distributed below and the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1) distributed above, and the fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the outer surface of the wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1) and the fixed profile. By introducing resin and curing it, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the wing plates of the I-shaped profile (1) distributed above and below form an integrally fixed tension web.

3. The fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first U-shaped profile (2) is provided at both ends of the profile assembly; The opening of the first U-shaped profile (2) faces the internal I-shaped profile (1); a fixing profile is arranged between the lower wing plate of the first U-shaped profile (2) and the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1); a fixing profile is arranged between the upper wing plate of the first U-shaped profile (2) and the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1); the outer surfaces of the upper wing plate of the first U-shaped profile (2), the lower wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1) and the fixing profile are covered with fiber cloth; the outer surfaces of the lower wing plate of the first U-shaped profile (2), the upper wing plate of the I-shaped profile (1) and the fixing profile are covered with fiber cloth; and the fiber cloth, the fixing profile, the first U-shaped profile (2) and the I-shaped profile (1) are fixed by introducing resin and curing it.

4. The fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pultruded profile is a T-shaped profile (3); The T-shaped profiles (3) are arranged along the width direction and the height direction of the sandwich panel, and the T-shaped profiles (3) are arranged in two layers in the height direction of the sandwich panel, the upper and lower layers of the T-shaped profiles (3) are in opposite directions, and the wing plates of the T-shaped profiles (3) in the same layer are located in the same plane; The distance between the wing plates of two adjacent T-shaped profiles (3) on the same layer is adapted to the width of the web of the T-shaped profile (3), and the wing plates of the lower layer of T-shaped profiles (3) are distributed below the wing plates of the upper layer of T-shaped profiles (3); The fixed profile is arranged between the lower T-profile (3) wing plate and the upper T-profile (3) wing plate, and the fiber cloth is simultaneously coated on the outer surface of the T-profile (3) wing plate and the fixed profile. By introducing resin and curing it, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the upper and lower T-profile (3) wing plates form an integrally fixed tension web.

5. The fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: L-shaped profiles (4) are provided at both ends of the profile assembly; The horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile (4) and the wing plate of the upper or lower T-shaped profile (3) are located in the same plane, and a fixed profile is arranged between the horizontal plate of the L-shaped profile (4) and the wing plate of the lower or upper T-shaped profile (3); The outer surfaces of the wing plates of the T-shaped profile (3), the horizontal plates of the L-shaped profile (4) and the fixed profile are covered with fiber cloth, and the fiber cloth, the fixed profile, the wing plates of the T-shaped profile (3) and the horizontal plates of the L-shaped profile (4) are fixed by introducing resin and curing it.

6. The fiber reinforced composite tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pultruded profile is a second U-shaped profile (5); The second U-shaped profile (5) is arranged along the height direction of the sandwich panel; The opening directions of the upper and lower adjacent second U-shaped profiles (5) are opposite, and the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile (5) distributed at the bottom is located above the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile (5) distributed at the top; The fixed profile is arranged between the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile (5) distributed at the bottom and the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile (5) distributed at the top. The fiber cloth simultaneously covers the upper wing plate of the second U-shaped profile (5) at the bottom, the lower wing plate of the second U-shaped profile (5) at the top and the outer surface of the fixed profile. By introducing resin and curing it, the fiber cloth, the fixed profile and the wing plates of the second U-shaped profile (5) distributed at the top and bottom form an integrally fixed tension web.

7. The fiber reinforced composite tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed profile and the pultruded profile are fitted to each other; The fixed profile is an integrated rectangular parallelepiped structure, or the fixed profile is a rectangular parallelepiped structure formed by splicing two triangular prisms; the material of the fixed profile is wood, foam, resin, plastic, concrete or metal.

8. The fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the sandwich panel is provided with a filler, which is wood, foam, resin, plastic or concrete.

9. The fiber reinforced composite tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pultruded profile is made of a base material, a reinforcing material and an auxiliary material through a pultrusion machine and a die; The matrix material is unsaturated polyester, epoxy resin or phenolic resin; the reinforcing material is continuous glass fiber, stitched felt, composite felt, continuous felt, nick felt, polyester surface felt or composite surface felt; the auxiliary materials include release agent, curing agent, low shrinkage additive and filler.

10. The fiber reinforced composite material tensile structure sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber cloth is carbon fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth or hybrid fiber cloth; The resin is unsaturated polyester, vinyl resin, epoxy resin or phenolic resin.

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