Marine power lithium battery device cooperative control system and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of marine power lithium battery device coordination control system and control method thereof.System is based on total control, main control and slave control three-level management and control mode, consider whole ship power system coordination control problem, through internal stage, external coordination strategy, solve ship lithium battery pack coordination control and management problem, ensure that lithium battery device provides guarantee for the safe operation of ship;Modular data acquisition unit is set, through different sensor devices and processing circuit cooperation, meet the needs of multiple types of data or signal acquisition, system supports the data processing of battery state, supports the battery state of battery pack SOC / SOH estimation;Support through CAN acquisition and processing slave battery real-time data information;After completion processing, realize the management and control of battery pack charge and discharge;Two-way total voltage detection is adopted at battery end and load end, and the detection error is small, and overvoltage and undervoltage protection are supported through threshold comparison.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of ship power battery system, and particularly relates to a ship power lithium battery device cooperative control system and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pure battery power ships and hybrid power ships need large-capacity battery systems to provide power for them, which poses new challenges for the operation control and management of large-capacity battery systems.

[0003] Patent CN108448180A discloses a ship battery management system, which is composed of multiple parallel battery clusters, each battery cluster includes several series battery packs, and each battery pack contains several series-parallel battery cells; the battery management adopts a three-level management mode of "general manager-cluster manager-pack manager", and the battery management systems at different levels communicate with each other through a CAN bus. The system has the advantage that a ship battery multi-level management method is proposed to solve the problem that the ship battery management is highly personalized and not suitable for a general battery management system. The management requirements of different ship battery power systems can be met by configuring parameters. However, the invention does not consider the coordination between the battery management system and the whole ship power system management, and does not disclose how to monitor and estimate the key parameters of the battery system, such as voltage, current and state of charge SOC.

[0004] Patent CN205178578U discloses an electric ship power management system, wherein the electric ship power source contains multiple battery packs, each battery pack contains several series-connected batteries, each battery pack is connected with an information acquisition module, the voltage detection module, current detection module, temperature detection module and output control module in each information acquisition module are connected with the battery management module, and the output end of the battery management module is connected with the upper computer. The utility model takes the battery pack as a whole, no longer measures the voltage, current, temperature and other data of each battery, but uniformly monitors the voltage, current, temperature and other data of the battery pack, thereby reducing the cost, simplifying the structure, and making the method applicable to ship power management. However, the differences between single cells and the influence of charge and discharge times are not considered, resulting in insufficient monitoring accuracy. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a ship power lithium battery device cooperative control system which solves the problem of cooperative control and management of ship lithium battery groups through internal hierarchical and external cooperative strategies, and ensures that the lithium battery device provides protection for the safe operation of the ship.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a ship power lithium battery device cooperative control system, comprising a lithium battery device, a control unit, an execution unit, a load end and a PMS power management system.

[0007] The lithium battery device provides battery power for the ship's load and provides monitoring data sources for the control unit. It includes a domain control box, several high-voltage boxes and lithium battery clusters. Each lithium battery cluster is equipped with multiple battery packs, each battery pack is configured with 2-4 battery modules, and each lithium battery cluster is configured with a high-voltage box.

[0008] The control unit includes a control module and a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module including a detection circuit and several sensing components; the execution unit includes a lithium battery collaborative management module, a driver control panel, and a domain control box panel; the load end provides the control unit with the load total voltage detection position; the control unit monitors the operation process of the lithium battery device and uses the monitoring results as operation instructions for the execution unit to ensure the safe operation of the lithium battery device;

[0009] The PMS power management system has the ability to control the power and navigation status of the entire ship. As an external collaborative monitoring system for lithium battery devices, it realizes information interaction and collaborative decision-making with control units and collaborative management modules through data communication to ensure the power supply safety of lithium battery devices and the navigation safety of the ship.

[0010] It also includes interactive devices and a power supply unit. The interactive devices are used to control information display and realize human-computer interaction, while the power supply unit provides 24V working power and input protection for the control unit.

[0011] The control unit controls the safe operation of the lithium battery device by acquiring, processing, and analyzing data and signals. Its data and signals come from data signal sources, which include domain control box components, high voltage box components, battery modules, and charging sockets. The data signal source is the data signal acquisition carrier of the acquisition module. The acquisition module acquires data and signals from the data signal source to provide system operation control data support for the control unit.

[0012] The acquisition module includes acquisition component one, acquisition component two, acquisition component three, and acquisition component four, which respectively acquire voltage, current, temperature, and input / output control DI / DO signals from the domain control box component, high voltage box component, battery module, and charging dock; the acquisition components include detection circuits and several sensing components;

[0013] The control module is configured with a three-level control mode, including a central control component, a master control component, and a slave control component. The lithium battery device is equipped with one central control component, each lithium battery cluster has one master control component, and each battery pack has one slave control component. The master control component includes a temperature acquisition module, a total voltage acquisition module, an insulation monitoring module, a master control module, and a current acquisition module. Voltage, current, and insulation signals are acquired and processed by the master control component, and the processing results are uploaded to the central control component or sent to the execution unit for implementation. The master control module includes a controller, a storage module, a DI / DO module, an encoding circuit, a timer, and a communication module.

[0014] The DI / DO module is equipped with multiple DI detection circuits, which are connected to the controller via optocoupler isolation. Multiple DO dry contacts are used to control the sequential closing of the high-voltage relays during charging and discharging. The DI detection circuits detect the feedback signal after the DO output to determine whether the circuit logic is normal. Simultaneously, it also has system protection functions, including detecting whether the manual switch MSD of the high-voltage box is pulled out or an emergency stop signal is received, detecting the closure of the main positive and negative relays, and checking whether the fuse in the high-voltage box is blown, facilitating system protection. Input / output control includes power-on and power-off process control.

[0015] The storage module is used to save various alarm thresholds and controller addresses configured in the system. It also saves information such as the battery's State of Charge (SOC) value, State of Health (SOH) value, and cumulative number of usage cycles. It also has the function of saving key data when the power is lost. Data generated during system operation is finally stored in the database for historical data analysis. System alarms are set into three levels according to their impact on system operation: Level 1 is a warning alarm, Level 2 requires reducing operating power, and Level 3 requires shutdown.

[0016] The data acquisition and processing of the control unit are automatically implemented through the collaborative management module program thread of the execution unit. It is divided into central control management, master control management, slave control management and database, which respectively manage the implementation and operation of the central control component, master control component and slave control component. The database is used to store initial parameter data and acquired and analyzed data. The control unit issues execution commands to the driver control panel and domain control box panel to prompt and alarm based on the data processing results, or implements them by operating the execution buttons on the driver control panel and domain control box panel.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the data acquisition is periodically implemented by the program threads of the central control management, master control management, and slave control management. The data is stored in the data buffer area of ​​the controller of the central control component, master control component, and slave control component, and after secondary processing, it is stored in the database for the PMS power management system to call.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the sensing components employ an NTC sensor to collect temperature and a Hall sensor to collect current. The detection circuit includes a DI module for collecting input control signals on the main control component, a signal processing circuit on the master control component, and a voltage divider detection circuit on the slave control component.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the main control component is used for detecting data, signals, and data processing, including control input DI, output DO, ambient temperature and ambient over-temperature protection OTP temperature acquisition, high voltage box A3 main circuit current acquisition, load end and battery end total voltage acquisition, and battery end insulation detection.

[0020] Acquisition component one is a DI module, used for acquiring abnormal operation or thermal management signals of relays / circuit breakers in the domain control box; acquisition component two is a combination of Hall sensor and detection circuit, used for detecting the charging and discharging current of the main circuit of the high-voltage box; acquisition component three uses a combination of NTC sensor on the module and voltage divider detection circuit of slave control component, used for detecting the temperature of charging and discharging cells; acquisition component four is an NTC sensor used for acquiring the temperature of the charging base.

[0021] The slave control component is used for battery cell voltage acquisition, temperature acquisition, and voltage and temperature acquisition disconnection detection. The voltage and temperature channels store the acquisition results in the controller's data buffer for secondary data processing, or realize data interaction between the slave control and the master control through CAN communication and RS485 communication.

[0022] Secondary processing includes data aggregation, single-factor parameter extreme value calculation, average value calculation, battery state of charge (SOC) estimation, and state of health (SOH) statistics. The collaborative management module calculates the recommended power value allowed for the power battery based on the battery's SOC, temperature, and voltage parameters, and provides it to the PMS power management system for power allocation, as detailed below:

[0023] First, regarding the upcoming flight distance L, the battery state of charge after the flight is completed must be greater than the safe value S. Δ The formula yields the maximum battery capacity C required to be consumed within the subsequent flight time T. t :

[0024] Battery state of charge

[0025] In the formula: SOC0 is the current state of charge of the battery, C t C represents the maximum battery capacity required during the subsequent flight time T, and C represents the total battery capacity.

[0026] Then, the recommended sailing power limit value P: P = C t ·U;(2)

[0027] In the formula, U is the voltage of the power supply battery.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the temperature acquisition module includes a temperature sensor and a temperature acquisition circuit for acquiring ambient temperature and OTP temperature for over-temperature protection; the total voltage detection module includes a load-side total voltage detection circuit and signal processing component one, a battery-side total voltage detection circuit and signal processing component two; the insulation detection module includes a positive insulation monitoring circuit one and signal processing component three, a negative insulation monitoring circuit four and signal processing component four; the current acquisition module includes a current sensor and a current detection circuit for real-time detection of circuit current, and the monitored current is used for estimating the battery's state of charge (SOC).

[0029] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a control method for the above-mentioned collaborative control system of marine power lithium battery device.

[0030] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a control method for a collaborative control system of a marine power lithium battery device, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: System Startup

[0032] Upon system power-up, driver initialization is performed, including all peripherals; each main control component simultaneously performs an insulation self-test and data initialization, including the initialization and assignment of structure data and default parameter values.

[0033] Step 2: Task Scheduling

[0034] Create and start periodically running automatic execution threads, and perform corresponding operations according to the set period. Automatic threads include watchdog timer, analog signal acquisition, information aggregation, battery state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) estimation.

[0035] Step 3: Insulation resistance self-test

[0036] Before the system task is executed, the central control component sends a command to the main control component to poll and detect multiple battery clusters in a round-robin manner, and performs insulation resistance detection again to confirm that the battery terminal insulation is good; otherwise, the system automatically enters alarm processing and executes step six.

[0037] Step 4: System runs automatically

[0038] The system executes tasks automatically according to the task thread, including data acquisition, data analysis and processing, external command response, and alarm handling. When an external command is received, step five is executed. When a system malfunction occurs, the audible and visual alarm sounds, and step six is ​​executed. Otherwise, this step is repeated.

[0039] The data acquisition operation specifically includes: the acquisition module executing the data acquisition thread to acquire data from the data signal source and store it in the memory of the main control component, master control component, and slave control component respectively;

[0040] Data processing and analysis operations specifically include:

[0041] The system performs routine calculations of maximum, minimum, and average values ​​for temperature, voltage, and current data, and estimates the battery's State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH). It employs a combination of ampere-hour integration and the battery's SOC-OCV curve to improve SOC estimation accuracy, serving as the basis for determining whether the battery needs charging and discharging. When the SOC is <25%, charging is required. The SOH value is estimated based on the cumulative number of charging and discharging cycles, and compared with the battery's total cycle count to determine whether the power battery needs replacement. When the SOH value is <80%, battery replacement is required.

[0042] The data interaction operations specifically include: according to their respective threads, the slave control component periodically uploads data to the master control component, the master control component periodically uploads data to the central control component, and the central control component periodically sends data to the PMS power management system;

[0043] Step 5: External Command Response

[0044] (1) Receive commands from the human-machine interface (HMI) or button control input, including start charging, start discharging, stop charging, and stop discharging, and send them to the controller via communication and execute them accordingly;

[0045] (2) The PMS power management system monitors the battery state of charge periodically. When an abnormal situation is encountered (such as low battery), the system will give a return-to-home suggestion according to the navigation needs.

[0046] Step Six: Troubleshooting

[0047] The main control component, master control component, and slave control component collect and analyze data, compare it with the three-level corresponding threshold division stored in the storage module, and execute the corresponding operation if the corresponding set threshold range is met: Level 1 alarm: audible and visual alarm, warning; Level 2 alarm: audible and visual alarm, reduce operating power; Level 3 alarm: audible and visual alarm, disconnect high voltage relay, stop the machine;

[0048] Step 7: Power off the system

[0049] The system is powered off. If the system is powered off, the system operation is terminated; otherwise, proceed to step three.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0051] (1) Based on the three-level control mode of general control, master control and slave control, this system considers the problem of coordinated control of the whole ship's power system and develops a ship power lithium battery device coordinated control system. Through the strategy of internal hierarchical and external coordination, it solves the problem of coordinated control and management of ship lithium battery packs and ensures that the lithium battery device provides a guarantee for the safe operation of the ship.

[0052] (2) This system is equipped with a modular data acquisition unit. Through the cooperation of different sensors and processing circuits, it can meet the needs of acquiring multiple types of data or signals. The system supports data processing of battery status and supports estimation of battery state of charge (SOC) / state of health (SOH) of battery pack (charging state (battery state of charge SOC) and operating state (state of health SOH)). It supports the acquisition and processing of real-time data information of slave batteries through CAN. After processing, it realizes the management and control of battery pack charging and discharging.

[0053] (3) The total voltage detection is achieved by using two channels: one at the battery end and one at the load end. The voltage sampling is reliable and the detection error is small. Overvoltage and undervoltage protection are supported by threshold comparison.

[0054] (4) This system uses secondary insulation resistance detection. It performs a self-test once through the main control component when the power is turned on, and monitors again before the battery starts charging or discharging. The main control component sends a command to the main control component to poll and detect multiple battery clusters in turn, avoiding the situation where the insulation value is abnormal due to the main control component performing insulation detection at the same time at a certain time. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the composition of the collaborative control system of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is the control logic diagram of the collaborative control system of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main control component of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the working method of the collaborative control system of the present invention;

[0059] In the picture:

[0060] A-Lithium battery device, B-Control unit, C-Actuation unit, D-Load terminal, E-Power management system (PMS); A1-Combiner box, A2-Domain control box, A3-High voltage box, A4-Lithium battery cluster; B1-Control module, B2-Acquisition module, B21-Detection circuit, B22-Sensing components; C1-Collaborative management module, C2-Driving console panel, C3-Domain control box panel;

[0061] 1-Data signal source; 11-Combiner box assembly; 12-Domain control box assembly; 13-High voltage box assembly; 14-Battery module; 15-Charging dock; 21-Acquisition component one; 22-Acquisition component two; 23-Acquisition component three; 24-Acquisition component four; 31-Master control assembly; 32-Main control assembly; 33-Slave control assembly; 41-Master control management; 42-Main control management; 43-Slave control management; 44-Database; 5-Interactive device; 6-Power supply unit;

[0062] 321-Temperature acquisition module, 322-Total voltage acquisition module, 323-Insulation monitoring module, 324-Main control module, 325-Current acquisition module;

[0063] 3211-Temperature sensor, 3212-Temperature acquisition circuit, 3221-Load-side total voltage detection circuit, 3222-Signal processing component one, 3223-Battery-side total voltage detection circuit, 3224-Signal processing component two, 3231-Positive insulation monitoring circuit one, 3232-Signal processing component three, 3233-Negative insulation monitoring circuit four, 3234-Signal processing component four; 3241-Controller, 3242-Storage module, 3243-DI / DO module, 3244-Encoding circuit, 3245-Timer, 3246-Communication module; 3251-Current sensor, 3252-Current detection circuit; Detailed Implementation

[0064] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the collaborative control system for marine power lithium battery devices includes a lithium battery device A, a control unit B, an execution unit C, a load terminal D, and a PMS power management system E.

[0066] The lithium battery device A provides battery power for the ship's load and provides monitoring data sources for the control unit B. It includes a combiner box A1, a domain control box A2, multiple high-voltage boxes A3 and lithium battery clusters A4. Each lithium battery cluster A4 is equipped with multiple battery packs, each battery pack is configured with 2-4 battery modules, and each lithium battery cluster A4 is configured with one high-voltage box A3.

[0067] Control unit B includes control module B1 and acquisition module B2. Acquisition module B2 includes detection circuit B21 and several sensing components B22 for acquiring different types of data or signals. Execution unit C includes lithium battery collaborative management module C1, control panel C2, and domain control box panel C3. Load terminal D is used to transmit the output power of lithium battery device A to the load and is equipped with a common DC bus, load drive module, and load. Control unit B monitors the operation of lithium battery device A and uses the monitoring results as operation instructions for execution unit C to ensure the safe operation of lithium battery device A.

[0068] The PMS power management system E has the ability to control the power and navigation status of the entire ship. As an external collaborative monitoring system for lithium battery device A, it realizes information interaction and collaborative decision-making with control unit B and collaborative management module C1 through data communication. For example, it recommends power limits based on battery charge status, or recommends return-to-base strategies in abnormal situations to ensure the power supply safety of lithium battery device A and the navigation safety of the ship.

[0069] It also includes interactive device 5 and power supply unit 6. Interactive device 5 is used to control information display and realize human-computer interaction, including system parameter configuration, emergency shutdown, etc.; power supply unit 6 provides 24V working power and input protection for control unit B.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, control unit B achieves safe operation control of lithium battery device A through data and signal acquisition, processing, and analysis of processing results. Its data and signals originate from data signal source 1, which includes combiner box assembly 11, domain control box assembly 12, high voltage box assembly 13, battery module 14, and charging dock 15. Data signal source 1 is the data signal acquisition carrier of acquisition module B2. Through acquisition module B2, data and signals are acquired from data signal source 1 to provide system operation control data support for control unit B.

[0071] The acquisition module B2 includes acquisition component 1 21, acquisition component 22, acquisition component 3 23, and acquisition component 4 24, which respectively acquire voltage, current, temperature, and input / output control (DI / DO) signals from combiner box component 11, domain control box component 12, high voltage box component 13, battery module 14, and charging dock 15.

[0072] Control module B1 is configured with a three-level control mode, including a central control component 31, a master control component 32, and a slave control component 33. Lithium battery device A is configured with one central control component 31, each lithium battery cluster A4 is equipped with one master control component 32, and each battery pack is equipped with one slave control component 33. The central control component 31 is located within the domain control box A2 and includes a controller PLC and its extended DI / DO modules, a CAN communication module, and an NTC sensor (PT100) temperature detection module. Data acquisition and processing of control unit B are automatically implemented through the collaborative management module C1 program thread of execution unit C, which is divided into central control management 41, master control management 42, slave control management 43, and database 44, respectively managing the implementation and operation of central control component 31, master control component 32, and slave control component 33. Database 44 is used to store initial parameter data and collected and analyzed data. Control unit B issues execution commands to the dashboard panel C2 and the domain control box A2 panel C3 to provide prompts and alarms, or to execute the commands by operating the execution buttons on the dashboard panel C2 and the domain control box A2 panel C3.

[0073] Data acquisition is periodically performed by the program threads of the central control management 41, master control management 42, and slave control management 43. Data storage is conducted through the data buffers of the respective controllers of the central control component 31, master control component 32, and slave control component 33. After secondary processing, the data is stored in the database 44 for use by the PMS power management system E. The secondary processing includes data aggregation, single-factor parameter extreme value calculation, average value calculation, battery state of charge (SOC) estimation, and state of health (SOH) statistics. The collaborative management module C1 calculates the recommended power value allowed for the power battery based on the battery's SOC value, temperature, and voltage parameters, and provides it to the PMS power management system E for power allocation, as detailed below:

[0074] First, calculate the battery capacity required for extended driving range.

[0075] For the upcoming voyage (L), the battery state of charge after the subsequent voyage time T is completed needs to be greater than the safety value S. δ The formula yields the maximum battery capacity C required to be consumed within the subsequent flight time T. t :

[0076]

[0077] In the formula: SOC0 is the current state of battery charge, C t C represents the maximum battery capacity required during the subsequent voyage T, where C is the total battery capacity. The battery state of charge after the voyage is completed must be greater than the safe value S. δ Generally, 25% is used to ensure battery safety;

[0078] Battery capacity C required for subsequent flight range tConverted to the corresponding total output power:

[0079] P r =U·C t (2)

[0080] Then, the recommended sailing power limit value P lim

[0081] The load on load end D includes various loads such as propulsion, daily use, and other auxiliary equipment. The loads are divided into n independently controllable load units according to their different uses. This facilitates the shutdown of unnecessary loads based on the battery's state of charge, controlling the total power output of the lithium battery device A, effectively implementing recommended power limits, or recommending a return-to-base strategy in abnormal situations, as detailed below:

[0082] Define the operating voltage of each independently controllable load unit as U. i (V), current is I i (A), the distance traveled within time T (h) is L (km);

[0083] Considering the variable speed characteristics of ship navigation (v) i To improve calculation accuracy, the power consumed by each load unit and the total power within the flight range L / T are calculated using the differential method. First, a calculation matrix for the power consumption of each load unit within a certain time period is established:

[0084]

[0085] The matrix above represents the power consumed by the i-th load unit in the time interval (j-1, j); the rows of the matrix correspond to the i-th load unit. If the subsequent voyage T is divided into k time intervals for calculation, the columns of the matrix above correspond to the power consumed by the i-th load unit in a certain time interval.

[0086] Summing each row of the matrix, we obtain the power consumed by the i-th load unit within the flight time T as P. ij :

[0087]

[0088] Based on model (2), the total power consumed by n load units during the flight time T is calculated as P. e :

[0089]

[0090] The operating voltage of each load unit is collected as U i (V) and current I i (A) The recommended sailing power limit value P is based on models (2), (4), and (5). lim ;

[0091] If Pr≥Pe, take P lim =Pe;

[0092] If Pr≤Pe, shut down some unnecessary loads in the load cell to ensure that Pr≥Pe, thus guaranteeing that the state of charge (current battery capacity) of the lithium battery system meets the requirements of different operating conditions such as power limitation and abnormal return.

[0093] As shown in Table 1, the sensing component B22 uses an NTC sensor (negative temperature coefficient thermistor) to collect temperature and a Hall sensor to collect current. The detection circuit B21 includes a DI module for collecting input control signals on the main control component 31, a signal processing circuit on the main control component 32, and a voltage divider detection circuit on the slave control component 33.

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Table 1

[0097] like Figure 3 As shown, the main control component 32 is used for detecting data, signals, and data processing, including control input DI, output DO, ambient temperature and ambient over-temperature protection OTP temperature acquisition, high voltage box A3 main circuit current acquisition, load end and battery end total voltage acquisition, and battery end insulation detection.

[0098] Acquisition Component 1 21 is a DI module used for acquiring abnormal operation or thermal management signals of the A2 relay / circuit breaker in the domain control box; Acquisition Component 2 22 is a combination of Hall sensor and detection circuit used for detecting the charging and discharging current of the main circuit of the high-voltage box; Acquisition Component 3 23 uses a combination of NTC sensor on the module and voltage divider detection circuit of slave control component 33 for detecting the temperature of charging and discharging cells; Acquisition Component 4 24 is an NTC sensor, which is installed in the charging socket and connected to the expansion module of the main control component 31 for acquiring the temperature of the charging socket.

[0099] The slave control component 33 is used for battery cell voltage acquisition, temperature acquisition, and voltage and temperature acquisition disconnection detection. The voltage and temperature channels store the acquired results in the controller's data buffer area for secondary data processing, or realize data interaction between the slave control and the master control through CAN communication and / or RS485 communication.

[0100] As an implementation example, the main control component 32 includes a temperature acquisition module 321, a total voltage acquisition module 322, an insulation monitoring module 323, a main control module 324, and a current acquisition module 325. After the voltage, current, and insulation signals are acquired and processed by the main control component 32, the processing results are uploaded to the main control component 31 or sent to the execution unit C for implementation.

[0101] The temperature acquisition module 321 includes a temperature sensor 3211 (NTC sensor) and a temperature acquisition circuit 3212 (voltage divider detection circuit) for ambient temperature and ambient over-temperature protection OTP temperature acquisition (external wiring harness of high-voltage box A3); the total voltage detection module 322 includes a load-side total voltage detection circuit 3221 and signal processing component 1 3222, a battery-side total voltage detection circuit 3223 and signal processing component 2 3224; the insulation detection module 323 includes a positive insulation monitoring circuit 1 3231 and signal processing component 3232, a negative insulation monitoring circuit 4 3233 and signal processing component 4 3234; the main control module 324 includes a controller. 3241, storage module; 3242, DI / DO module; 3243, encoding circuit; 3244, timer (or real-time clock); 3245, communication module; 3246; current acquisition module 325 includes current sensor 3251 (main circuit of high-voltage box A3) and current detection circuit 3252, used for real-time detection of circuit current, and the monitored current is used for estimation of battery state of charge (SOC); main controller 3241 is powered by power supply unit 6, and main controller 3241 is equipped with conversion power supply 3240 (output ±15V) to power current sensor 3251, and current sensor outputs a small current signal to current detection circuit 3252 of main controller;

[0102] The insulation monitoring module 323 is used for battery insulation detection. It performs a self-test once through the main control component 32 when the power is turned on. To ensure good insulation at the battery end, it monitors again before the battery starts charging or discharging. The main control component 31 sends a command to the main control component 32 to poll and detect multiple battery clusters in a round-robin manner, avoiding the situation where the insulation value is abnormal due to the main control component 32 performing insulation detection at the same time at a certain time.

[0103] The DI / DO module 3243 is equipped with multiple DI (input) detection circuits, which are connected to the controller 3241 via optocoupler isolation. Multiple DO (output) dry contacts are configured to control the sequential closing of the high-voltage relays during charging and discharging. The DI detection circuits detect the feedback signal after the DO output, thereby determining whether the circuit's operating logic is normal. Simultaneously, it also has protection functions, including detecting whether the manual switch (MSD) of the high-voltage box A3 is pulled out or an emergency stop signal is received, detecting the closure of the main positive and negative relays, and checking whether the fuse in the high-voltage box is blown, facilitating system protection. Input / output control includes power-on and power-off process control.

[0104] Storage module 3242 is used to store various alarm thresholds configured in the system, the address of the controller, and also stores information such as the battery's State of Charge (SOC) value, State of Health (SOH) value, and cumulative usage cycles. It also has the function of saving critical data during low-voltage power failure. Data generated during system operation is ultimately stored in database 44 for historical data analysis. System alarms are set in three levels based on their impact on system operation: Level 1 is a warning alarm, Level 2 requires reducing operating power, and Level 3 is the most severe, requiring system shutdown.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, the control method of the collaborative control system for a marine power lithium battery device includes the following steps:

[0106] Step 1: System Startup

[0107] When the system is powered on, driver initialization is performed, including all peripherals; each main control component 32 simultaneously performs an insulation self-test and data initialization, including the initialization and assignment of structure data and default parameter values;

[0108] Step 2: Task Scheduling

[0109] Create and start periodically running automatic execution threads, and perform corresponding operations according to the set period. Automatic threads include watchdog timer, analog signal acquisition, information aggregation, battery state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) estimation.

[0110] Step 3: Insulation resistance self-test

[0111] Before the system task is executed, the central control component 31 sends a command to the main control component 32 to poll and detect multiple battery clusters in a round-robin manner, and performs insulation resistance detection again to confirm that the battery terminal insulation is good; otherwise, the system automatically enters alarm processing and executes step six.

[0112] Step 4: System runs automatically

[0113] The system executes tasks automatically according to the task thread, including data acquisition, data analysis and processing, external command response, and alarm handling. When an external command is received, step five is executed. When a system malfunction occurs, the audible and visual alarm sounds, and step six is ​​executed. Otherwise, this step is repeated.

[0114] The data acquisition operation specifically includes: the acquisition module B2 executes the data acquisition thread to acquire data from the data signal source 1 and store it in the memory of the main control component 31, the master control component 32, and the slave control component 33 respectively;

[0115] Data processing and analysis operations specifically include:

[0116] The system performs routine calculations of maximum, minimum, and average values ​​for temperature, voltage, and current data, and estimates the battery's State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH). It employs a combination of ampere-hour integration and the battery's SOC-OCV curve to improve SOC estimation accuracy, serving as the basis for determining whether the battery needs charging and discharging. When the SOC is <25%, charging is required. The SOH value is estimated based on the cumulative number of charging and discharging cycles, and compared with the battery's total cycle count to determine whether the power battery needs replacement. When the SOH value is <80%, battery replacement is required.

[0117] The data interaction operations specifically include: according to their respective threads, the slave control component 33 periodically uploads data to the master control component 32, the master control component 32 periodically uploads data to the central control component 31, and the central control component 31 periodically sends data to the PMS power management system E;

[0118] Step 5: External Command Response

[0119] (1) Receive commands from the human-machine interface (HMI) or button control input, including start charging, start discharging, stop charging, and stop discharging, and send them to the controller via communication and execute them accordingly;

[0120] (2) The PMS power management system monitors the battery charge status at regular intervals. When an abnormal situation is encountered (such as low battery), the system will give a return-to-home suggestion according to the navigation needs.

[0121] Step Six: Troubleshooting

[0122] The main control component, master control component and slave control component collect and analyze data structure, compare it with the three-level corresponding threshold division stored in storage module 3242, and execute the corresponding operation if the corresponding threshold range is met.

[0123] (1) Level 1 alarm: Audible and visual alarm, warning;

[0124] (2) Level 2 alarm: audible and visual alarm, reducing operating power;

[0125] (3) Level 3 alarm: audible and visual alarm, disconnection of high voltage relay, shutdown;

[0126] Step 7: Power off the system

[0127] The system is powered off. If the system is powered off, the system operation is terminated; otherwise, proceed to step three.

[0128] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, as well as some examples of its application, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collaborative control system for a marine power lithium battery device, comprising a lithium battery device, a control unit, an execution unit, a load terminal, and a PMS power management system; The lithium battery device provides battery power for the ship's load and provides monitoring data sources for the control unit. It includes a domain control box, several high-voltage boxes and lithium battery clusters. Each lithium battery cluster is equipped with multiple battery packs, each battery pack is configured with 2-4 battery modules, and each lithium battery cluster is configured with a high-voltage box. Its features are: The control unit includes a control module and a data acquisition module, the data acquisition module including a detection circuit and several sensing components; the execution unit includes a lithium battery collaborative management module, a control panel, and a domain control box panel; the load end provides the control unit with the load total voltage detection position; the control unit monitors the operation process of the lithium battery device and uses the monitoring results as the operation instructions of the execution unit to ensure the safe operation of the lithium battery device; The PMS power management system has the ability to control the power and navigation status of the entire ship. As an external collaborative monitoring system for lithium battery devices, it realizes information interaction and collaborative decision-making with control units and collaborative management modules through data communication to ensure the power supply safety of lithium battery devices and the navigation safety of the ship. It also includes interactive devices and a power supply unit. The interactive devices are used to control information display and realize human-computer interaction, while the power supply unit provides 24V working power and input protection for the control unit. The control unit controls the safe operation of the lithium battery device by acquiring, processing, and analyzing data and signals. Its data and signals come from data signal sources, which include domain control box components, high voltage box components, battery modules, and charging sockets. The data signal source is the data signal acquisition carrier of the acquisition module. The acquisition module acquires data and signals from the data signal source to provide system operation control data support for the control unit. The acquisition module includes acquisition component one, acquisition component two, acquisition component three, and acquisition component four, which respectively acquire voltage, current, temperature, and input / output control DI / DO signals from the domain control box component, high voltage box component, battery module, and charging dock; the acquisition components include detection circuits and several sensing components; The control module is configured with a three-level control mode, including a central control component, a master control component, and a slave control component. The lithium battery device is equipped with one central control component, each lithium battery cluster has one master control component, and each battery pack has one slave control component. The master control component includes a temperature acquisition module, a total voltage acquisition module, an insulation monitoring module, a master control module, and a current acquisition module. Voltage, current, and insulation signals are acquired and processed by the master control component, and the processing results are uploaded to the central control component or sent to the execution unit for implementation. The master control module includes a controller, a storage module, a DI / DO module, an encoding circuit, a timer, and a communication module. The DI / DO module is equipped with multiple DI detection circuits, which are connected to the controller via optocoupler isolation. Multiple DO dry contacts are used to control the sequential closing of the high-voltage relays during charging and discharging. The DI detection circuits detect the feedback signal after the DO output to determine whether the circuit logic is normal. Simultaneously, it also has system protection functions, including detecting whether the manual switch MSD of the high-voltage box is pulled out or an emergency stop signal is received, detecting the closure of the main positive and negative relays, and checking whether the fuse in the high-voltage box is blown, facilitating system protection. Input / output control includes power-on and power-off process control. The storage module is used to save various alarm thresholds and controller addresses configured in the system. It also saves information such as the battery's State of Charge (SOC) value, State of Health (SOH) value, and cumulative number of usage cycles. It also has the function of saving key data when the power is lost. Data generated during system operation is finally stored in the database for historical data analysis. System alarms are set into three levels according to their impact on system operation: Level 1 is a warning alarm, Level 2 requires reducing operating power, and Level 3 requires shutdown. The data acquisition and processing of the control unit are automatically implemented through the collaborative management module program thread of the execution unit. It is divided into central control management, master control management, slave control management and database, which respectively manage the implementation and operation of the central control component, master control component and slave control component. The database is used to store initial parameter data and acquired and analyzed data. The control unit issues execution commands to the driver control panel and domain control box panel to prompt and alarm based on the data processing results, or implements them by operating the execution buttons on the driver control panel and domain control box panel.

2. The collaborative control system for a marine power lithium battery device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition is periodically implemented by the program threads of the central control management, master control management, and slave control management. The data is stored in the data buffer area of ​​the controller of the central control component, master control component, and slave control component. After secondary processing, it is stored in the database for the PMS power management system to call.

3. The collaborative control system for a marine power lithium battery device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing components use an NTC sensor to collect temperature and a Hall sensor to collect current. The detection circuit includes a DI module for collecting input control signals on the main control component, a signal processing circuit on the master control component, and a voltage divider detection circuit on the slave control component.

4. The collaborative control system for a marine power lithium battery device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The main control component is used for detecting data, signals, and data processing, including control inputs DI and DO, ambient temperature and ambient over-temperature protection OTP temperature acquisition, high voltage box A3 main circuit current acquisition, load end and battery end total voltage acquisition, and battery end insulation detection. Acquisition component one is a DI module, used for acquiring abnormal operation or thermal management signals of relays / circuit breakers in the domain control box; acquisition component two is a combination of Hall sensor and detection circuit, used for detecting the charging and discharging current of the main circuit of the high-voltage box; acquisition component three uses a combination of NTC sensor on the module and voltage divider detection circuit of slave control component, used for detecting the temperature of charging and discharging cells; acquisition component four is an NTC sensor used for acquiring the temperature of the charging base. The slave control component is used for battery cell voltage acquisition, temperature acquisition, and voltage and temperature acquisition disconnection detection. The voltage and temperature channels store the acquisition results in the controller's data buffer for secondary data processing, or realize data interaction between the slave control and the master control through CAN communication and RS485 communication. Secondary processing includes data aggregation, single-factor parameter extreme value calculation, average value calculation, battery state of charge (SOC) estimation, and state of health (SOH) statistics. The collaborative management module calculates the recommended power value allowed for the power battery based on the battery's SOC, temperature, and voltage parameters, and provides it to the PMS power management system for power allocation, as detailed below: First, regarding the upcoming flight distance L, the battery state of charge after the flight is completed must be greater than the safe value S. Δ The formula yields the maximum battery capacity C required to be consumed within the subsequent flight time T. t : Battery state of charge In the formula: SOC0 is the current state of charge of the battery, C t C represents the maximum battery capacity required during the subsequent flight time T, and C represents the total battery capacity. Then, the recommended sailing power limit value P: P = C t ·U;(2) In the formula, U is the voltage of the power supply battery.

5. The collaborative control system for a marine power lithium battery device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature acquisition module includes a temperature sensor and a temperature acquisition circuit for acquiring ambient temperature and OTP temperature for over-temperature protection; the total voltage detection module includes a load-side total voltage detection circuit and signal processing component one, a battery-side total voltage detection circuit and signal processing component two; the insulation detection module includes a positive insulation monitoring circuit one and signal processing component three, a negative insulation monitoring circuit four and signal processing component four; the current acquisition module includes a current sensor and a current detection circuit for real-time detection of circuit current, and the monitored current is used to estimate the battery's state of charge (SOC).

6. A control method for a collaborative control system of a marine power lithium battery device as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: Step 1: System Startup Upon system power-up, driver initialization is performed, including all peripherals; each main control component simultaneously performs an insulation self-test and data initialization, including the initialization and assignment of structure data and default parameter values. Step 2: Task Scheduling Create and start periodically running automatic execution threads, and perform corresponding operations according to the set period. Automatic threads include watchdog timer, analog signal acquisition, information aggregation, battery state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) estimation. Step 3: Insulation resistance self-test Before the system task is executed, the central control component sends a command to the main control component to poll and detect multiple battery clusters in a round-robin manner, and performs insulation resistance detection again to confirm that the battery terminal insulation is good; otherwise, the system automatically enters alarm processing and executes step six. Step 4: System runs automatically The system executes tasks automatically according to the task thread, including data acquisition, data analysis and processing, external command response, and alarm handling. When an external command is received, step five is executed. When a system malfunction occurs, the audible and visual alarm sounds and step six is ​​executed. Otherwise, repeat this step; The data acquisition operation specifically includes: the acquisition module executing the data acquisition thread to acquire data from the data signal source and store it in the memory of the main control component, master control component, and slave control component respectively; Data processing and analysis operations specifically include: The system performs routine calculations of maximum, minimum, and average values ​​for temperature, voltage, and current data, and estimates the battery's State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH). It employs a combination of ampere-hour integration and the battery's SOC-OCV curve to improve SOC estimation accuracy, serving as the basis for determining whether the battery needs charging and discharging. When the SOC is <25%, charging is required. The SOH value is estimated based on the cumulative number of charging and discharging cycles, and compared with the battery's total cycle count to determine whether the power battery needs replacement. When the SOH value is <80%, battery replacement is required. The data interaction operations specifically include: according to their respective threads, the slave control component periodically uploads data to the master control component, the master control component periodically uploads data to the central control component, and the central control component periodically sends data to the PMS power management system; Step 5: External Command Response (1) Receive commands from the human-machine interface (HMI) or button control input, including start charging, start discharging, stop charging, and stop discharging, and send them to the controller via communication and execute them accordingly; (2) The PMS power management system monitors the battery state of charge at regular intervals. When an abnormal situation is encountered, the system will give a return-to-home suggestion according to the navigation needs. Step Six: Troubleshooting The main control component, master control component, and slave control component collect and analyze data, compare it with the three-level corresponding threshold division stored in the storage module, and execute the corresponding operation if the corresponding set threshold range is met: Level 1 alarm: audible and visual alarm, warning; Level 2 alarm: audible and visual alarm, reduce operating power; Level 3 alarm: audible and visual alarm, disconnect high voltage relay, stop the machine; Step 7: Power off the system The system is powered off. If the system is powered off, the system operation is terminated; otherwise, proceed to step three.

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