Domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device and power taking method

Abstract

The invention provides a domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device and a power taking method, the domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device comprises a domain control board, a motor controller driving board and a power device, and a high-voltage area of the motor controller driving board is provided with a backup power supply circuit; the domain control board and the motor controller driving board carry out low-voltage interaction through a connector; the motor controller driving board is directly connected with the power device through PIN welding, the motor controller driving board receives high-voltage counter electromotive force from the motor through the power device and converts the high-voltage counter electromotive force into a low-voltage direct-current power source, and power source backup is achieved for a whole vehicle control unit through high voltage of the motor counter electromotive force. When the device is used for taking electricity, a low-voltage power supply, a wiring harness, a main relay of a high-voltage loop of the whole vehicle and additional high-voltage and low-voltage isolation are not needed, so that the cost and the size are optimal while the safety is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of low-voltage control units for new energy vehicles, and in particular to a low-voltage backup power supply device for a domain controller. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of automobile electrification and intelligence, the requirements for response speed and reliability of various vehicle controllers (such as vehicle control unit VCU, battery management system BMS, drive control unit MCU, etc.) are getting higher and higher. This progress has brought higher requirements for the stability of low-voltage power supply systems. When the low-voltage power supply is unstable, the power-related controllers on the vehicle may lose power temporarily, resulting in work interruption, which will affect the function and performance of the vehicle and even cause safety problems. This challenge makes the low-voltage power backup system a key technology.

[0003] At present, the solutions of the existing technical solutions to this problem generally include the following: 1. Add a set of low-voltage batteries to the whole vehicle to provide backup power for the control unit. However, this will increase the cost and weight of the vehicle. If the battery or wiring harness fails, the whole vehicle will not be able to continue driving; 2. Directly draw two power supplies from the low-voltage battery to supply the on-board control unit. However, this will increase the cost of the wiring harness. If the battery or wiring harness fails, the whole vehicle will not be able to drive. 3. Take power from the power battery of the whole vehicle to provide power for the low-voltage control unit. However, this also requires the addition of a wiring harness, further increasing the cost. And this approach requires the high-voltage system and the main relay to be attracted, so it cannot provide a stable power supply in some scenarios. If the power battery or high-voltage wiring harness fails, the whole vehicle cannot continue to drive. 4. Generate a low-voltage backup power supply through the high-voltage unit of the motor controller, but this solution also needs to be powered by a wiring harness, and the low-voltage backup power supply cannot be transmitted to the various control units of the whole vehicle. If the power supply or wiring harness fails, the normal operation of the vehicle may not be guaranteed.

[0004] Therefore, the current traditional solutions have certain defects when solving the problem of unstable low-voltage power supply. Whether it is by adding low-voltage batteries, taking power from the vehicle's power battery, or obtaining power from the motor or motor controller, all solutions involve the introduction of additional wiring harnesses and battery systems, which will undoubtedly increase the cost and weight of the vehicle, and when these systems fail, the vehicle will be unable to continue driving, seriously affecting the reliability and safety of the vehicle. Therefore, a more efficient, stable and low-cost solution is needed to ensure the stable supply of low-voltage power. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device and power supply method, which draws power from the power device through the motor controller driver board, and integrates the control board of the vehicle controller and the control board of the motor controller as a common main control chip, so as to realize the use of the high voltage of the motor back electromotive force to draw power for the vehicle control unit.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device is provided, comprising: a domain control board, a motor controller drive board, a power device and a motor, wherein a backup power supply circuit is provided in a high-voltage area of ​​the motor controller drive board; the domain control board integrates a motor control function and a vehicle controller function;

[0008] The domain control board and the motor controller driver board interact at low voltage through a connector; the motor controller driver board is directly connected to the power device through PIN pin welding, and the motor controller driver board receives the high-voltage back electromotive force from the motor through the power device and converts it into a low-voltage DC power supply;

[0009] When the vehicle has a speed, the motor generates back electromotive force and usable high-voltage electric energy, and transmits the electric energy to the backup power supply circuit of the motor controller driver board through the power device. Furthermore, the backup power supply circuit of the motor controller driver board converts the high-voltage direct current into low-voltage direct current. At the same time, the motor controller driver board transmits the low-voltage direct current to the domain control board through the connector and supplies power to each circuit module of the domain control board, ensuring that the domain control board can work normally when the normal power supply is lost.

[0010] Optionally, the power device is an IGBT, a MOSFET or a transistor.

[0011] Optionally, the power device receives the back electromotive force generated by the motor and transmits electric energy through the conduction characteristics of its emitter and collector.

[0012] Optionally, the domain control board has the function of a vehicle controller and can provide low-voltage backup power to various control systems of the vehicle.

[0013] Optionally, the motor controller driver board obtains high voltage power through the PIN pins of the power device, without the need for additional connectors and wiring harnesses.

[0014] Optionally, the motor controller driver board transmits backup power through a low voltage connector connected to the domain control board.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a power supply method is provided, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step S1. When the vehicle has a speed, the motor generates a back electromotive force and provides usable high-voltage electric energy;

[0017] Step S2. The electric energy is transferred to the backup power circuit of the motor controller driver board through the power device;

[0018] Step S3. The backup power circuit of the motor controller driving board converts the high voltage DC power into low voltage DC power;

[0019] Step S4. The motor controller driver board transmits the low-voltage direct current generated on it to the domain control board through the connector and supplies power to each circuit module of the domain control board, so that the domain control board can work normally when the normal power supply is lost.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device provided by the present invention draws power from the power device through the motor controller driver board, and integrates the vehicle control board and the motor control board as a common main control chip, so as to use the high voltage of the motor back electromotive force to provide power backup for the vehicle control unit. The device does not require a new low-voltage power supply, a new wiring harness, the main relay of the vehicle high-voltage circuit to be closed, or additional high-low voltage isolation, so that the cost and size can be optimized while meeting safety requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 is a functional flow chart of the low-voltage backup power supply device for the domain controller described in the first embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the motor controller driving board described in the first embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power device described in the first embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the steps of the power extraction method described in the second embodiment.

[0027] 1-Connector

[0028] 2-Backup power circuit

[0029] 3-PIN

[0030] 4-Collector

[0031] 5-Emitter DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent figures. In addition, all directional indications in this application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, bottom...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the figures). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

[0035] First Embodiment

[0036] This embodiment provides a domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device. The device obtains power from the IGBT power device through the motor controller driver board, and uses the control board of the vehicle controller and the control board of the motor controller to share the main control chip, so as to use the high voltage of the motor back electromotive force to provide power to the vehicle control unit.

[0037] The device includes a domain control board, a motor controller driver board, a power device and a motor, wherein the power device can be a power device such as an IGBT, a MOSFET, a triode, etc. The power device in this embodiment adopts an IGBT power device. The domain control board and the motor controller driver board interact at low voltage through a connector 1. In the event of failure of the main power supply, the domain control board ensures the normal operation of the vehicle's core control system by receiving a low-voltage backup power supply from the motor controller driver board. The motor controller driver board and the IGBT power device are directly connected by welding PIN pin 3, and the motor controller driver board is connected to the motor. The IGBT power device is used to receive the high-voltage back electromotive force generated by the motor and convert it into a stable low-voltage DC power supply. In this process, no external wiring harness, plug or additional connector is required to draw power from the high-voltage power supply, which simplifies the system design.

[0038] The domain control board is responsible for the overall control of the vehicle, including driving, shifting, thermal management, and energy management. All functional modules share the main control chip. In addition, the domain control board not only has the motor control function, but also integrates the vehicle controller function, which can provide low-voltage backup power to various control systems of the vehicle.

[0039] The motor controller driver board is the core of the motor drive system, integrating multiple functions such as IGBT drive, backup power supply, voltage sampling and overcurrent protection. In particular, a backup power supply circuit 2 is added to the original high-voltage area of ​​the motor controller driver board. The backup power supply circuit can convert high-voltage DC into stable low-voltage DC without the need for additional high-low voltage isolation of the PCBA, thus reducing the size. At the same time, the backup power supply is transmitted between the motor controller driver board and the domain control board through a low-voltage connector 1, avoiding additional connectors.

[0040] The motor generates back electromotive force by cutting the magnetic field through its permanent magnet synchronous motor winding, providing sufficient electrical energy to support the operation of the backup power supply circuit 2. In this way, even if the battery or main power supply fails, the vehicle can continue to be powered. Moreover, the way the motor draws power from the back electromotive force has nothing to do with whether the main relay is closed, and has better adaptability.

[0041] The power device receives the back electromotive force generated by the motor through the conduction characteristics of the emitter 5 and the collector 4 (or the source and drain of the MOSFET), and transfers the electric energy to the backup power circuit 2. The backup power circuit 2 of the motor controller driver board converts the high-voltage DC power into a stable low-voltage DC power, and transfers the power to the domain control board through the connector 1. After that, the low-voltage DC power supplies power to each circuit module of the domain control board, ensuring that the vehicle can still operate normally in the event of a main power failure.

[0042] When the vehicle has speed, the permanent magnet synchronous motor winding cuts the magnetic field to generate back electromotive force, and generates usable high-voltage electric energy on the motor winding. Further, by utilizing the forward conduction characteristics of the IGBT power device or the MOSFET body diode, the electric energy is transferred to the backup power supply circuit 2 of the motor controller driver board through the emitter 5 and collector 4 of the IGBT (the source and drain of the MOSFET). Further, the backup power supply circuit 2 of the motor controller driver board converts the high-voltage direct current into a stable low-voltage direct current. Further, through the connector 1 between the motor controller driver board and the domain control board, the low-voltage direct current generated by the backup power supply circuit 2 on the motor controller driver board is transferred to the domain control board. Further, after entering the domain control board, the low-voltage direct current supplies power to each circuit module of the domain control board, ensuring that the domain control board can work normally when the normal power supply is lost, and the whole vehicle is in a controlled state.

[0043] In general, this embodiment integrates the vehicle controller and the motor controller as a co-chip on the domain controller, making it possible to draw power through the motor back electromotive force. Electric energy is generated through the motor back electromotive force, which is decoupled from whether the vehicle is on high voltage (whether the main relay is energized), covering a wider range of scenarios. And by generating electric energy through the motor back electromotive force, there is no need to add a low-voltage backup battery. At the same time, by integrating the backup power supply inside the motor controller driver board, the complex high and low voltage isolation design is avoided, and the motor back electromotive force is used to directly draw power without the need for additional low-voltage batteries or external wiring harnesses. The power conversion and transmission process is simple and efficient, which improves the reliability and stability of the system, while reducing the system size and cost, and solves the problems of high cost, large size, and complex system in the existing backup power supply solution. In this way, electric vehicles can continue to operate stably and ensure driving safety when the normal power supply is lost.

[0044] Second Embodiment

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for obtaining power, using the domain controller low-voltage backup power supply device described in the first embodiment, specifically including the following steps:

[0046] Step S1. When the vehicle has a speed, the motor generates a back electromotive force and provides usable high-voltage electric energy;

[0047] Step S2. The electric energy is transferred to the backup power circuit of the motor controller driver board through the power device;

[0048] Step S3. The backup power supply circuit of the motor controller driver board converts the high voltage DC power into a stable low voltage DC power;

[0049] Step S4. The motor controller driver board transmits the low-voltage direct current generated on it to the domain control board through the connector and supplies power to each circuit module of the domain control board, so that the domain control board can work normally when the normal power supply is lost.

[0050] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. Based on the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A domain controller low voltage backup power supply device, characterized in that: include: A domain control board, a motor controller driving board, a power device and a motor, wherein the high voltage area of ​​the motor controller driving board is provided with a backup power supply circuit; the domain control board integrates the motor control function and the vehicle controller function; The domain control board and the motor controller driver board interact at low voltage through a connector; the motor controller driver board is directly connected to the power device through PIN pin welding, and the motor controller driver board receives the high-voltage back electromotive force from the motor through the power device and converts it into a low-voltage DC power supply; When the vehicle has a speed, the motor generates back electromotive force and usable high-voltage electric energy, and transmits the electric energy to the backup power supply circuit of the motor controller driver board through the power device. Furthermore, the backup power supply circuit of the motor controller driver board converts the high-voltage direct current into low-voltage direct current. At the same time, the motor controller driver board transmits the low-voltage direct current to the domain control board through the connector and supplies power to each circuit module of the domain control board, ensuring that the domain control board can work normally when the normal power supply is lost.

2. The domain controller low voltage backup power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power device is an IGBT, a MOSFET or a triode.

3. The domain controller low voltage backup power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power device receives the back electromotive force generated by the motor and transmits electric energy through the conduction characteristics of its emitter and collector.

4. The domain controller low voltage backup power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The domain control board has the function of a vehicle controller and can provide low-voltage backup power to various control systems of the vehicle.

5. The domain controller low voltage backup power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor controller driver board obtains high voltage power through the PIN pins of the power device, without the need for additional connectors and wiring harnesses.

6. The domain controller low voltage backup power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor controller driver board transmits backup power through a low voltage connector connected to the domain control board.

7. A method for obtaining electricity, characterized in that: The low-voltage backup power supply device for a domain controller according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented, and specifically comprises the following steps: Step S1. When the vehicle has a speed, the motor generates a back electromotive force and provides usable high-voltage electric energy; Step S2. The electric energy is transferred to the backup power circuit of the motor controller driver board through the power device; Step S3. The backup power circuit of the motor controller driving board converts the high voltage DC power into low voltage DC power; Step S4. The motor controller driver board transmits the low-voltage direct current generated on it to the domain control board through the connector and supplies power to each circuit module of the domain control board, so that the domain control board can work normally when the normal power supply is lost.

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