Underwater hoisting method for ship superstructure

Abstract

The invention provides a ship superstructure underwater hoisting method. The ship superstructure underwater hoisting method comprises the following steps that S1, the total weight of superstructure segments after closure is counted; s2, determining the model of the floating crane according to the total weight of the overbuilt subsections and the allowable lifting height of the floating crane; s3, according to the arrangement of the upper hook head of the floating crane, the distribution of hoisting points on the upper building subsection is designed; s4, designing a superstructure folding transfer platform according to the total weight of the folded superstructure sections and the lower enclosure wall diagram of the folding opening of the superstructure sections; s5, superstructure closure and fitting-out piece installation are carried out on the transfer platform; s6, the folded superstructure subsections are transferred to a ship unloading frame through a transfer platform; and S7, transferring the superstructure section to an outfitting wharf by using a floating crane, and folding the superstructure section with the main ship. According to the ship superstructure underwater hoisting method, the underwater period is not affected, the ship launching weight is greatly reduced, ship launching in winter becomes possible, the berth period is greatly shortened, the berth utilization rate is increased, and the ship underwater period is also greatly shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shipbuilding, and in particular relates to an underwater hoisting method for a ship structure. Background Art

[0002] When the shipbuilding facilities, capabilities and scale are greatly improved, the speed of ship launching and the number of ship deliveries are greatly improved, but ship equipment often cannot be in place on time, affecting the delivery period; when the number of large ships produced increases, the dilemma of being unable to launch the entire ship in winter becomes a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for underwater hoisting of a ship structure.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for underwater hoisting of a ship structure comprises the following steps: S1. Calculate the total weight of the upper construction sections after folding; S2. Determine the model of the floating crane according to the total weight of the upper construction sections and the allowed floating crane lifting height; S3. Design the distribution of lifting points on the upper construction section according to the layout of the hook head on the floating crane; S4. Design the upper building closing transfer platform according to the total weight of the upper building sections after closing and the lower enclosure wall drawing of the closing opening of the upper building sections; S5. Assemble the upper structure and install outfitting parts on the above-mentioned transfer platform; S6. Use the transfer platform to transfer the assembled upper construction sections to the unloading rack; S7. Use floating crane to transfer the upper construction sections to the outfitting dock and combine them with the main ship.

[0005] Furthermore, in S1, the total weight of the superstructure sections after folding includes the weight of the hull structure of the superstructure, the weight of the outfitting parts, the weight of the welding materials, the weight of the paint, and the weight of the additional items that need to be loaded onto the ship with the superstructure.

[0006] Furthermore, in S2, the floating crane height = the height of the main deck of the hull + the height of the main deck outfitting parts to be avoided + the distance between the upper building closing mouth and the lifting point + the length of the lifting wire - the draft of the ship.

[0007] Further, in S3, the main hook and the auxiliary hook in the floating crane lift one side of the upper construction section respectively, and the lifting horses on both sides of the upper construction section are arranged in a straight line respectively; the main hook in the floating crane uses multi-point lifting, and each hook head of the auxiliary hook in the floating crane uses 4 lifting points. Further, in S4, the upper construction closure transfer platform includes a platform main beam, and the platform main beam is composed of 5 cross beams and 5 longitudinal beams, wherein the intersection of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cross beams and the 1st, 3rd, and 5th longitudinal beams is a trolley position, and the 1st and 5th cross beams are placed on the inclined gantry; the distance between two adjacent cross beams in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cross beams is 6m, which is the same as the distance between the inclined gantry, and the distance between two adjacent longitudinal beams in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th longitudinal beams is a multiple of 1.5m. Further, S6 specifically includes the following steps: S61. Arrange multiple flower racks at intervals and place the transfer platform on the top of the flower racks; S62. Arrange multiple rows of transfer carts under the transfer platform. Specifically, except for two rows of transfer carts arranged on the left and right sides of the flower rack matrix, the remaining rows of transfer carts are arranged between two adjacent flower racks; S63. Assemble the superstructure and install outfitting parts on the above-mentioned transfer platform.

[0008] Furthermore, the S7 specifically includes the following steps: S71. After the closing of the upper construction is completed, a positioning reference line is made on the side walls around the outer wall of the upper construction segment at a distance of 1 meter from the closing opening; S72. Before launching a ship, install three 1.1-meter-high poles at the stern of the ship and make measurement marks at 1 meter on the poles; S73. Weld 3 to 4 baffles on the front wall and side wall of the upper section on the main ship deck; S74. Use a floating crane to lift the upper construction section. When the upper construction section is 500mm above the main ship deck, hang hoists at the four corners of the upper construction section. When the upper construction section is lowered, adjust the four hoists at the same time to ensure that the upper construction section is stable. When the upper construction section is hoisted and closed, use a laser theodolite to measure the benchmark mark to determine the closing plane, so that the outer wall reference line coincides with the closing plane, and ensure that the upper construction is closed horizontally. S75. The underwater lifting of the upper construction sections is completed.

[0009] Further, in S72, the three poles are located on the main deck of the ship, one of which is located at the middle position of the bow of the upper structure, and the other two are respectively located at the side of the stern of the upper structure. The underwater hoisting method of the upper structure of the ship of the present invention does not affect the underwater period, greatly reduces the weight of the ship when it is launched, makes it possible to launch the ship in winter, greatly shortens the slipway period, improves the slipway utilization rate, and also greatly shortens the underwater period of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of placing the upper construction platform described in the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the trolley and the flower stand described in the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of placing the inclined gantry described in the present invention.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of placing the benchmark described in the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting point of the main hook of the floating crane described in the present invention.

[0015] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting point of the auxiliary hook of the floating crane described in the present invention.

[0016] Among them, 1-platform main beam, 11-cross beam, 12-longitudinal beam, 2-flower stand, 3-trolley, 4-inclined boat frame, 5-trolley track, 6-benchmark position, 7-main hook, 8-auxiliary hook, 9-lifting code. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the positions or elements referred to must have a characteristic direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, a method for underwater hoisting of a ship structure comprises the following steps: S1. Calculate the total weight of the upper construction sections after they are put together; the total weight of the upper construction sections after they are put together includes the weight of the hull structure of the upper construction section, the weight of the outfitting parts, the weight of the welding materials, the weight of the paint, and the weight of the additional items that need to be put on board with the upper construction; S2. Determine the model of the floating crane according to the total weight of the upper construction sections and the allowed floating crane lifting height; the floating crane lifting height = the height of the main deck of the hull + the height of the main deck outfitting parts to be avoided + the distance between the upper construction closing mouth and the lifting point + the length of the lifting wire - the draft of the ship; S3. Design the distribution of lifting points on the upper construction section according to the layout of the hook head on the floating crane; S4. Design the upper building closing transfer platform according to the total weight of the upper building sections after closing and the lower enclosure wall drawing of the closing opening of the upper building sections; S5. Assemble the upper structure and install outfitting parts on the above-mentioned transfer platform; S6. Use the transfer platform to transfer the assembled upper construction sections to the unloading rack; specifically, the following steps are included: S61. Arrange multiple flower racks at intervals and place the transfer platform on the top of the flower racks; S62. Arrange multiple rows of transfer carts under the transfer platform. Specifically, except for two rows of transfer carts arranged on the left and right sides of the flower rack matrix, the remaining rows of transfer carts are arranged between two adjacent flower racks; S63. Carry out the assembly of the upper structure and installation of outfitting parts on the above-mentioned transfer platform; S7. Use floating crane to transfer the upper construction sections to the outfitting wharf and combine them with the main ship, which specifically includes the following steps: S71. After the closing of the upper construction is completed, a positioning reference line is made on the side walls around the outer wall of the upper construction segment at a distance of 1 meter from the closing opening; S72. Before launching a ship, install three poles of a certain height at the stern of the ship and make measurement marks at 1 meter of the poles; S73. Weld 3 to 4 baffles on the front wall and side wall of the upper section on the main ship deck; S74. Use a floating crane to lift the upper construction section. When the upper construction section is 500mm above the main ship deck, hang hoists at the four corners of the upper construction section. When the upper construction section is lowered, adjust the four hoists at the same time to ensure that the upper construction section is stable. When the upper construction section is hoisted and closed, use a laser theodolite to measure the benchmark mark to determine the closing plane, so that the outer wall reference line coincides with the closing plane, and ensure that the upper construction is closed horizontally. S75. The underwater lifting of the upper construction sections is completed.

[0020] Since the original closure base surface has changed after the ship is launched, three benchmarks are set according to the principle of three points determining one surface to restore the original closure base surface of the ship as the closure reference of the upper building. In this embodiment, in S72, the three benchmarks are located on the main deck of the ship, one of which is located at the middle position of the bow of the upper building, and the other two are respectively located at the side of the stern of the upper building.

[0021] The height of the benchmark pole can be any height that is convenient for measurement by a laser theodolite. In this embodiment, the height of the benchmark pole is 1.1 meters.

[0022] Since the ship will shake underwater and cause positioning deviation, in this embodiment, the baffle is installed on the wall plate and the hoist is hung at the four corners to control the position. In the S3, the floating crane is generally divided into a main hook / auxiliary hook, the main hook is a single hook, the auxiliary hook is a double hook, the main and auxiliary hooks are spaced at a fixed value, the main hook is lifted on one side, the auxiliary hook is lifted on the other side, the main and auxiliary hooks are spaced at different distances from the lifting horses on both sides, and the main and auxiliary hook wire ropes will have an angle, and the lifting horses on the single side are arranged in a straight line to prevent uneven force on the lifting points. Because the main hook is a single hook, in order to reduce the load of a single lifting point, the main hook is connected to the lifting beam, and multi-point lifting is used (generally 8 lifting points, the single point load is controlled within 30t, for safety reasons). Each hook head of the auxiliary hook uses 4 lifting points, because the two auxiliary hooks are spaced at a small distance to prevent the lifting points from being concentrated, and the two hook head lifting points are arranged crosswise.

[0023] In S4, the upper-built closing transfer platform includes a platform main beam, which is composed of 5 cross beams and 5 longitudinal beams, wherein the intersections of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cross beams and the 1st, 3rd, and 5th longitudinal beams are small parking spaces, and the 1st and 5th cross beams are placed on the inclined ship frame; the distance between two adjacent cross beams in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cross beams is 6m, which is the same as the distance between the inclined ship frame, and the distance between two adjacent longitudinal beams in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th longitudinal beams is a multiple of 1.5m.

[0024] The platform main beam is made of 200*20*2 / 350*15 I-beams. The main beam is used to meet the strength requirements for trolley transportation and inclined ship rack placement (the strength is greater than the total weight of the upper structure after closing). The lower enclosure wall drawing of the closing mouth is attached to the platform. The continuous vertical and horizontal walls must overlap with the platform beams. If there is a gap, additional small I-beams must be added to strengthen it to prevent the enclosure wall from being crushed.

[0025] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for underwater hoisting of a ship structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Calculate the total weight of the upper construction sections after folding; S2. Determine the model of the floating crane according to the total weight of the upper construction sections and the allowed floating crane lifting height; S3. Design the distribution of lifting points on the upper construction section according to the layout of the hook head on the floating crane; S4. Design the upper building closing transfer platform according to the total weight of the upper building sections after closing and the lower enclosure wall drawing of the closing opening of the upper building sections; S5. Assemble the upper structure and install outfitting parts on the above-mentioned transfer platform; S6. Use the transfer platform to transfer the assembled upper construction sections to the ship unloading rack; S7. Use floating crane to transfer the upper structure sections to the outfitting dock and combine them with the main ship.

2. The underwater hoisting method for a ship structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the total weight of the superstructure sections after folding includes the weight of the hull structure of the superstructure, the weight of the outfitting parts, the weight of the welding materials, the weight of the paint and the weight of the additional items that need to be loaded onto the ship with the superstructure.

3. The underwater hoisting method for a ship structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the floating crane height = the height of the main deck of the hull + the height of the main deck outfitting parts to be avoided + the distance between the upper building closing mouth and the lifting point + the length of the lifting wire - the draft of the ship.

4. The underwater hoisting method for a ship structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S4, the main hook and the auxiliary hook in the floating crane lift one side of the upper construction section respectively, and the lifting horses on both sides of the upper construction section are arranged in a straight line respectively; the main hook in the floating crane uses multi-point lifting, and each hook head of the auxiliary hook in the floating crane uses 4 lifting points.

5. The underwater hoisting method for a ship structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S4, the upper-built closing transfer platform includes a platform main beam, which is composed of 5 cross beams and 5 longitudinal beams, wherein the intersection of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cross beams and the 1st, 3rd, and 5th longitudinal beams is a small parking space, and the 1st and 5th cross beams are placed on the inclined ship frame; the distance between two adjacent cross beams in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cross beams is 6m, which is the same as the distance between two adjacent inclined ship frames, and the distance between two adjacent longitudinal beams in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th longitudinal beams is a multiple of 1.5m.

6. The underwater hoisting method for a ship structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The S6 specifically comprises the following steps: S61. Arrange multiple flower racks at intervals and place the transfer platform on top of the flower racks; S62. Arrange multiple rows of transfer carts under the transfer platform. Specifically, except for two rows of transfer carts arranged on the left and right sides of the flower rack matrix, the remaining rows of transfer carts are arranged between two adjacent flower racks; S63. Assemble the superstructure and install outfitting parts on the above-mentioned transfer platform.

7. The underwater hoisting method for a ship structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The S7 specifically comprises the following steps: S71. After the closing of the upper construction is completed, a positioning reference line is made on the side walls around the outer wall of the upper construction segment at a distance of 1 meter from the closing opening; S72. Before launching a ship, install three poles of a certain height at the stern of the ship and make measurement marks at 1 meter of the poles; S73. Weld 3 to 4 baffles on the front wall and side wall of the upper section on the main ship deck; S74. Use a floating crane to lift the upper construction section. When the upper construction section is 500mm above the main ship deck, hang hoists at the four corners of the upper construction section. When the upper construction section is lowered, adjust the four hoists at the same time to ensure that the upper construction section is stable. When the upper construction section is hoisted and closed, use a laser theodolite to measure the benchmark mark to determine the closing plane, so that the outer wall reference line coincides with the closing plane, and ensure that the upper construction is closed horizontally. S75. The underwater lifting of the upper construction sections is completed.

8. The underwater hoisting method for a ship structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S72, the three poles are located on the main deck of the ship, one of which is located at the middle position of the bow of the upper building, and the other two are respectively located at the sides of the stern of the upper building.

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