High-performance heavy-load gear oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses high-performance heavy-load gear oil and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil. The high-performance heavy-load gear oil is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5 to 1 part of an anti-rust agent, 0.5 to 1 part of an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5 to 1 part of an antioxidant, 0.05 to 0.1 part of a demulsifying agent, 1 to 4 parts of a metal deactivator, 0.3 to 1 part of a pour point depressant, 0.05 to 0.1 part of an anti-foaming agent, 5 to 15 parts of a tackifier, 1 to 10 parts of a lubricating agent and the balance of base oil. Compared with conventional heavy-load gear oil on the market, the high-performance heavy-load gear oil prepared by adopting the technical scheme of the invention has excellent high thermal stability, oxidation resistance, anti-wear protection performance and heat dissipation performance, can effectively prevent oil product thickening and degradation and generation of sediments, and has excellent micro pitting corrosion resistance; the equipment protection capability is stronger, the service life of oil is longer, the use efficiency of the equipment can be obviously improved, and the occurrence probability of safety accidents is reduced. In addition, the invention also has the advantages of simple production mode, low cost, energy saving and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oils, and more specifically, relates to a high-performance heavy-load gear oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important mechanical transmission device, gear sets have multiple uses such as speed change, direction conversion, torque regulation, clutch, power distribution, balance and synchronization, and are widely used in many fields, such as automobiles, aircraft, ships, heavy machinery, wind turbines, industrial machinery and equipment, machine tools and automated production lines. With the development of the times, more and more machines need to operate under high temperature, high speed and heavy load conditions, and the performance requirements for gear oil are also correspondingly improved. Therefore, how to prepare high-performance gear oil has become an important topic.

[0003] Traditional mineral gear lubricants have good extreme pressure anti-wear, anti-oxidation and anti-rust, anti-emulsification and anti-foaming properties, and can meet basic use requirements. However, mineral industrial gear oils have a low viscosity index and poor low-temperature fluidity, and cannot be used in cold areas. At the same time, as gears develop towards small size, high load, and high speed, the size of gearboxes and their lubricating oil capacity continue to decrease, which directly leads to a significant increase in the operating temperature of industrial gear oils. Mineral industrial gear oils will quickly oxidize and polymerize when the temperature is greater than 80°C, shortening the service life of the oil. Compared with traditional mineral gear oils, synthetic industrial gear oils have better low-temperature performance, excellent extreme pressure anti-wear and oxidation stability, and are widely used in gear transmission links under conditions such as high tooth surface stress, high temperature, impact, and water. On this basis, it is difficult to achieve technical breakthroughs in gear working conditions to further strengthen extreme pressure anti-wear and oxidation stability in a targeted manner.

[0004] In the prior art, the wear resistance, extreme pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of lubricating oil are improved by adding nano zirconium oxide; petroleum sodium sulfonate and phosphate are used to improve the dispersibility of nano zirconium oxide in lubricating oil; manganese dioxide is used to modify nano zirconium oxide to improve the wear resistance and extreme pressure resistance of nano zirconium oxide, and promote the compatibility of nano zirconium oxide with lubricant base. However, the preparation process of nano zirconium oxide is complicated, resulting in a high manufacturing cost of lubricating oil; and it exists in the form of particles of 5 to 50 nm, which will cause the oil performance to drop rapidly after agglomeration. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Problem to be solved

[0006] In view of the above shortcomings, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of poor thermal stability, insufficient low-temperature fluidity, poor viscosity-temperature performance, and insufficient anti-wear and anti-corrosion performance of traditional gear oils, and to provide a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil and a preparation method thereof. The high-performance heavy-duty gear oil prepared by the method has excellent thermal stability and low-temperature fluidity, good viscosity-temperature performance, extreme pressure anti-wear performance and corrosion resistance, longer service life, simple preparation process, and excellent economic benefits.

[0007] 2. Technical solution

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a high-performance heavy-load gear oil, which has excellent thermal stability and low-temperature fluidity, good viscosity-temperature performance, extreme pressure anti-wear performance and corrosion resistance, and ensures the normal operation of the machine. To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is to design a high-performance heavy-load gear oil, which is composed of a base oil and an additive, and includes the following components by mass:

[0010]

[0011] The balance is base oil;

[0012] Wherein, the base oil includes one or more of silicone oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil, synthetic ester oil, oil-soluble polyether, and alkylbenzene; the extreme pressure anti-wear agent includes methyl hexahydrophthalate; and the antioxidant includes alkylated mixed amine.

[0013] When the above technical solution is adopted, on the one hand, by selecting raw materials such as base oil and additives, and studying the compatibility between the components and the synergistic effect produced, the service life of the obtained lubricating oil product can be extended, and the lubrication performance requirements of various working conditions can be met. On the basis of this, it can also effectively prevent the formation of carbon deposits and sludge, prevent the coking of oil products, and ensure the cleanliness of the inside of the machine. At the same time, the lubricating oil of the present invention also has good biodegradability, thereby effectively meeting the environmentally friendly environmental protection concept.

[0014] On the other hand, first of all, excellent anti-wear performance is essential for gear oil. When lubricating the gear set and other parts inside the gear box, gear oil needs to ensure a good lubrication and sealing state to prevent abnormal wear. Therefore, gear oil should have good anti-wear performance: the present invention selects methyl hexahydrophthalic acid monoester as anti-wear agent, and the anti-wear agent molecule can be adsorbed on the metal surface and form a protective film, reducing the friction between the metals, thereby playing a role in friction reduction and anti-wear, and effectively improving the anti-wear performance of the oil product. Compared with traditional anti-wear agents, the cyclic structure molecules of the anti-wear agent have properties different from long-chain alkanes due to the presence of cyclic tension, and its low-temperature performance is also more excellent than long-chain alkanes, and the cyclic structure is also conducive to the formation of a stable lubricating film by the anti-wear agent molecules, and the comprehensive performance is more excellent. At the same time, phthalic anhydride (phthalic anhydride) is one of the three major organic anhydrides in the chemical industry, with a wide source and low cost, so that the anti-wear agent has a very high cost performance.

[0015] Secondly, suitable viscosity and high viscosity-temperature performance are also necessary for gear oil. Since gear oil is repeatedly heated and cooled during operation, its viscosity should not change too much with temperature changes. The oil is required to have good viscosity-temperature performance and a high viscosity index. In addition, the oil must meet weather conditions, ensuring good low-temperature starting of the gear set and normal lubrication when the temperature is high. Therefore, the gear oil must have a suitable viscosity. Under the condition of ensuring the normal operation of all parts of the gear set, the viscosity tending to the lower limit is conducive to good lubrication and cooling and heat dissipation, but its viscosity cannot be too small, otherwise the lubricating oil fraction will be too light, the volatilization rate will be fast, the oil consumption will increase, and the environment will be polluted.

[0016] In addition, from the operating conditions of the gearbox, the lubrication environment is becoming increasingly harsh. The lubricating oil is easily oxidized and deteriorated during use to generate various colloids, asphaltene and acidic substances, which make the oil darker, the acid value higher, the viscosity higher, and precipitates appear. In addition, during the circulation process, the lubricating oil is constantly catalytically oxidized by metals such as Fe and Cu, which aggravates aging and deterioration, worsens the lubrication state, produces excessive wear, and may even cause mechanical explosions. Therefore, the oxidation stability of gear oil is an important quality indicator to ensure its long-term safe use. As for antioxidants, alkylated mixed amines are selected. The antioxidant generates amino free radicals, captures peroxides to form nitrogen oxide free radicals, and quenches the oxygen-containing free radicals generated during the oxidation process, thereby terminating the oxidation reaction. The antioxidant not only has good antioxidant properties, but also has the advantages of being ash-free and phosphorus-free. It is a high-quality environmentally friendly antioxidant.

[0017] During the operation of the gear set, the lubricating oil may be emulsified due to mixing with condensed water. Especially in the rainy and humid seasons in summer, the gear oil is constantly mixed with the water vapor in the air and stirred violently, which is easy to produce emulsification. Due to the emulsification of the oil, the oil film strength of the friction surface will be sharply reduced, and the extreme pressure anti-wear and anti-corrosion capabilities will deteriorate accordingly, causing the compressor to need frequent oil changes. Therefore, the gear oil should have good anti-emulsification and oil-water separation properties.

[0018] During the circulation of gear oil, some compressed air will dissolve into the oil. Oil with poor air release will produce a lot of foam when the machine starts. This will lead to increased oil consumption, accelerated oil temperature rise, equipment cavitation, and reduced efficiency. Therefore, gear oil must have excellent air release and anti-foaming properties.

[0019] For this reason, as a possible implementation scheme, the selection of base oil in the present invention has a direct relationship with whether the final lubricating oil can take into account various performance requirements. Considering the lubrication characteristics of the gearbox and its application conditions, suitable synthetic oil is selected as the base oil for the development oil. Synthetic oil includes synthetic hydrocarbon oil, polyether oil, ester oil, silicone oil, etc. The applicant has found through a large number of experimental studies that polyalphaolefin (PAO) in synthetic hydrocarbons is relatively economical, has low pour point, good viscosity-temperature performance, high viscosity index, high flash point, small evaporation loss, low carbon residue, good high temperature and thermal oxidation stability, good hydrolysis stability, good shear resistance, good adaptability to non-metallic and metallic materials, and non-toxic. It is particularly suitable for lubricating oils used at high temperatures or in a wide temperature range, and in cold areas and places where mechanical equipment for field operations generally cannot meet the requirements of mineral oil. Therefore, a synthetic hydrocarbon base oil with high oxygen content is selected as the main component of the blending oil, and polyalphaolefin is further preferred. This type of base oil has the characteristics of high viscosity index and low volatility, as well as excellent low temperature performance and excellent oxidation stability, which can ensure the basic performance of gear oil.

[0020] As a possible implementation scheme, synthetic ester base oil is creatively added to the blended base oil of the present invention, and the polyalphaolefin and synthetic ester base oil are compounded and blended in a mass ratio of 10:(1-2). On the one hand, the problem that polyalphaolefin may cause some rubbers to shrink or harden, thus affecting the sealing performance can be solved. On the other hand, the problem that polyalphaolefin has poor solubility in some additives can be solved.

[0021] As a possible implementation scheme, the selection criteria of the synthetic ester base oil are: 40°C kinematic viscosity is 20-50 mm 2 / s, and the kinematic viscosity at 100℃ is 5-15mm 2 / s, and the pour point is not higher than -51°C. By adopting such synthetic ester base oil, the formulation requirements of the present invention can be effectively met, and another base oil can be used in conjunction to extend the service life of the oil product.

[0022] As a possible implementation scheme, the preparation method of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent comprises the following steps: using methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as raw materials, base oil as solvent, stirring and reacting at 50-70° C. for 4-6 hours under the protection of inert gas, and obtaining the extreme pressure anti-wear agent after removing impurities.

[0023] As a possible implementation scheme, the mass ratio of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether is 1:1.15, and the reaction is preferably stirred at 60° C. for 5 hours.

[0024] As a possible embodiment, the impurity removal treatment may be performed by using a chromatography column, the purpose of which is to remove unreacted methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether.

[0025] In the case of adopting the above technical scheme, the extreme pressure and wear resistance of the gear oil is improved, especially ensuring that it still has good extreme pressure and wear resistance after long-term use. When designing, the applicant initially solves the extreme pressure and wear resistance of the oil by increasing the amount of diisooctyl dithiophosphate octyl and dialkyl dithiophosphate zinc. In addition, dibutyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate and other substances are added to the components. It is found that after a period of oxidation and other operations, the extreme pressure and wear resistance of the oil are difficult to reach the expected. At the same time, if sulfur-containing additives are selected in the formula, corrosion will be caused to the parts, and a contradiction between extreme pressure and corrosion will occur. The increase in the content of extreme pressure additives will accelerate the corrosion of metal parts by the oil. For this reason, the applicant continues to study and finally adopts the unconventional extreme pressure and wear resistance agent of the present invention: the lubricating oil to which the extreme pressure and wear resistance agent of the present invention is added has excellent corrosion resistance when used, and still maintains good extreme pressure and wear resistance after long-term use. Compared with existing extreme pressure anti-wear agents such as ammonium dithiophosphate, conventional alkyl phosphate esters and salts, methyl hexahydrophthalate not only has better anti-wear properties, but also has better corrosion resistance and antioxidant properties. It also has a simple preparation process, lower cost, and stronger market competitiveness.

[0026] As a possible implementation scheme, the preparation method of the antioxidant comprises the following steps: in the presence of a catalyst and under the protection of an inert gas, at least two mixed amines are subjected to an alkylation reaction with olefins respectively, the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 130 to 150° C., the reaction time is 8 to 9 hours, hot filtration is performed, and reduced pressure distillation is performed to obtain the antioxidant.

[0027] As a possible implementation scheme, the mixed amine includes at least diphenylamine and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, each accounting for 30-70%; the catalyst is a non-free proton acid catalyst, and the amount used is 8% of the mass of the mixed amine; the molar ratio of the mixed amine to the olefin is 1:7, wherein the olefin can be octene; and the preferred reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 140°C.

[0028] When the above technical solution is adopted, the reaction principle of the amine antioxidant is to quench the free radical termination reaction. On the one hand, diphenylamine generates free radicals at high temperature and captures free oxygen to form nitrogen oxide free radicals; on the other hand, N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine generates stable substances at high temperature and has antioxidant properties.

[0029] As a possible implementation scheme, the rust inhibitor is one or more of alkyl sulfonates, thiazoles, organic carboxylates, and propylene diamine salicylate.

[0030] As a possible implementation scheme, the anti-emulsifier is selected from polyether polymer compounds.

[0031] As a possible implementation scheme, the metal deactivator uses molybdenum dialkyl dithiocarbamate to enhance the corrosion resistance of the oil and prevent corrosion of metals such as copper and steel. During use, it can achieve the deactivation effect by forming a passivation layer on the metal surface, and the oil has strong stability at high temperatures and can continuously protect the metal for a long time.

[0032] As a possible implementation, the tackifier is selected from one or more of polystyrene-butadiene, polybutylene, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0033] As a possible implementation scheme, the lubricant is modified graphene, which can form a physical adsorption film on the gear surface. After being sheared by external force, it is easy to dissociate along the interlayer, which can reduce the friction coefficient of the friction pair surface, improve the working strength of the friction pair surface, and reduce the direct contact between micro-protrusions, thereby greatly improving the wear resistance of the gear oil.

[0034] As a possible implementation scheme, the preparation method of modified graphene is: graphene and succinate are dispersed in a base oil, and the modified graphene is obtained after sand grinding.

[0035] As a possible implementation scheme, the preparation method of modified graphene is specifically as follows: adding graphene and succinate to base oil, heating and stirring at 40 to 80° C. until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then sand milling at 1200 to 2000 r / s for 1 to 3 hours to obtain modified graphene.

[0036] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned gear oil, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1: Preparation of antioxidants, extreme pressure anti-wear agents, and lubricants;

[0038] S2: Add base oil into the kettle, stir and heat to 90-120°C;

[0039] S3: Add thickener and continue stirring for 1 to 2 hours. After the mixture is evenly mixed, cool down to 60 to 80°C.

[0040] S4: Add rust inhibitor, extreme pressure anti-wear agent, antioxidant, anti-emulsifier, metal deactivator, pour point depressant, anti-foaming agent and lubricant to the mixture obtained in step S3, stir at 60-80°C for 2-3h, perform ultrasonic treatment for 0.8-1.2h, and then perform dehydration treatment to obtain high-performance heavy-load gear oil.

[0041] In summary, the present invention studies the selection and compatibility of base oil and additives, and uses appropriate preparation process parameters to prepare a high-performance heavy-load gear oil that not only has a long service life, but also has good comprehensive performance, ensuring that the gear machine can operate stably under various working conditions.

[0042] 3. Beneficial effects

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] (1) The present invention aims at the development trend of gear machines and future gear machines, and designs a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil in the long term according to its characteristics. The technical solution of the present invention can greatly increase the life of the gear oil.

[0045] (2) The high performance heavy load gear oil of the present invention has excellent comprehensive performance, mainly in that:

[0046] ①Excellent low-temperature fluidity: ensures that the oil can still flow in low-temperature environments and protects the normal operation of machinery under low-temperature conditions.

[0047] ②Good oil compatibility: select dialkyl dithiocarbamate molybdenum for passivation of metal surface to ensure the chemical stability of oil and avoid corrosion of parts.

[0048] ③Excellent antioxidant performance: The present invention selects a new type of antioxidant, which can solve the oxidation problem from a mechanism perspective, and at the same time synergizes with the metal deactivator to enhance antioxidant properties, prevent high-temperature oxidation, and reduce the formation of sludge paint film.

[0049] ④Excellent anti-wear and load-bearing performance: The present invention does not select conventional extreme pressure anti-wear agents, but methyl hexahydrophthalate combined with modified graphene to solve the contradiction between extreme pressure and corrosion.

[0050] ⑤Good high-temperature performance: First, select a base oil with a higher viscosity index, which can still provide a suitable lubricating oil film at high temperatures to protect the meshing parts; then select an antioxidant with good high-temperature stability to ensure the long-term use of the oil.

[0051] From the perspective of its comprehensive performance, the high-performance heavy-load gear oil described in the present invention is already comparable to the performance of imported products and can achieve import substitution, but its manufacturing cost is low and its economic benefit is high compared to the use of imported oil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0053] The present invention discloses a high-performance heavy-load gear oil, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0054]

[0055] The balance is base oil;

[0056] in:

[0057] The rust inhibitor is one or more of alkyl sulfonates, thiazoles, organic carboxylates, and propylene diamine salicylate.

[0058] The extreme pressure anti-wear agent includes methyl hexahydrophthalate; the preparation process thereof is as follows:

[0059] Step 1: Prepare one portion each of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether raw materials in a molar ratio of 1:1.15.

[0060] Step 2: Add the above raw materials into the reactor, introduce nitrogen protection, and stir the reaction at 60°C for 5 hours.

[0061] Step 3: After the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the mixture is purified by chromatography to obtain the desired extreme pressure anti-wear agent.

[0062] The antioxidant includes an alkylated mixed amine, which is prepared as follows:

[0063] Step 1: Add diphenylamine (30-70%), N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine (30-70%), non-free proton acid catalyst (accounting for 8% of the mass of the mixed amine), and octene (the molar ratio of the mixed amine to octene is 1:7) into a reaction kettle in sequence.

[0064] Step 2: Under nitrogen protection, heat to 140°C for reaction for 8-9 hours, filter while hot, and distill under reduced pressure to obtain an antioxidant.

[0065] The anti-emulsifier is selected from polyether polymer compounds, such as KR-12.

[0066] The metal deactivator is molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate.

[0067] The pour point depressant used is Kunlun's T809.

[0068] The anti-foaming agent is FOAM from MUNZING 155.

[0069] The tackifier is selected from one or more of polystyrene-butadiene, polybutylene, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0070] The lubricant is modified graphene, and the specific preparation method is: adding graphene and succinate to base oil at a ratio of 10: (2-8), heating and stirring at 40-80°C until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then sand grinding at 1200-2000r / s for 1-3h to obtain the lubricant.

[0071] The base oil includes one or more of silicone oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil, synthetic ester oil, oil-soluble polyether, and alkylbenzene.

[0072] The advantages of the present application are described below by way of examples and comparative examples.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] A method for preparing a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. Prepare antioxidant, extreme pressure anti-wear agent and lubricant for standby use;

[0076] S2. Blending base oil: uniformly mix polyalphaolefin and synthetic ester base oil in a mass ratio of 10:1, stirring and heating to 90-120°C;

[0077] S3, add 5 parts of thickener, continue stirring for 1-2 hours, and cool to 60-80°C after mixing evenly;

[0078] S4. Add 0.5 parts of rust inhibitor, 1 part of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.5 parts of antioxidant, 0.1 parts of anti-emulsifier, 2 parts of metal deactivator, 0.3 parts of pour point depressant, 0.1 parts of anti-foaming agent and 6 parts of lubricant, stir at 60-80°C for 2-3 hours, perform ultrasonic treatment for 0.8-1.2 hours, and then perform dehydration treatment to obtain high-performance heavy-load gear oil.

[0079] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] A method for preparing a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0082] S1. Prepare antioxidant, extreme pressure anti-wear agent and lubricant for standby use;

[0083] S2. Blending base oil: uniformly mix polyalphaolefin and synthetic ester base oil in a mass ratio of 10:1.3, stirring and heating to 90-120° C.;

[0084] S3, add 9 parts of thickener, continue stirring for 1-2 hours, and cool to 60-80°C after mixing evenly;

[0085] S4. Add 0.7 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.5 parts of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.8 parts of antioxidant, 0.08 parts of anti-emulsifier, 1 part of metal deactivator, 0.5 parts of pour point depressant, 0.05 parts of anti-foaming agent and 8 parts of lubricant, stir at 60-80°C for 2-3 hours, perform ultrasonic treatment for 0.8-1.2 hours, and then perform dehydration treatment to obtain high-performance heavy-load gear oil.

[0086] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] A method for preparing a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0089] S1. Prepare antioxidant, extreme pressure anti-wear agent and lubricant for standby use;

[0090] S2. Blending base oil: uniformly mix polyalphaolefin and synthetic ester base oil in a mass ratio of 10:1.6, stirring and heating to 90-120° C.;

[0091] S3, add 12 parts of tackifier, continue stirring for 1-2 hours, and cool to 60-80°C after mixing evenly;

[0092] S4. Add 0.7 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.8 parts of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 0.8 parts of antioxidant, 0.05 parts of anti-emulsifier, 4 parts of metal deactivator, 0.7 parts of pour point depressant, 0.08 parts of anti-foaming agent and 10 parts of lubricant, stir at 60-80°C for 2-3 hours, perform ultrasonic treatment for 0.8-1.2 hours, and then perform dehydration treatment to obtain high-performance heavy-load gear oil.

[0093] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] A method for preparing a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0096] S1. Prepare antioxidant, extreme pressure anti-wear agent and lubricant for standby use;

[0097] S2. Blending base oil: uniformly mix polyalphaolefin and synthetic ester base oil in a mass ratio of 10:2, stirring and heating to 90-120° C.;

[0098] S3, add 15 parts of thickener, continue stirring for 1-2 hours, and cool to 60-80°C after mixing evenly;

[0099] S4. Add 1 part of rust inhibitor, 0.8 part of extreme pressure anti-wear agent, 1 part of antioxidant, 0.05 part of anti-emulsifier, 3 parts of metal deactivator, 1 part of pour point depressant, 0.08 part of anti-foaming agent and 10 parts of lubricant, stir at 60-80°C for 2-3 hours, perform ultrasonic treatment for 0.8-1.2 hours and then perform dehydration treatment to obtain high-performance heavy-load gear oil.

[0100] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0101] Table 1 Test results of high performance heavy load gear oil obtained in Examples 1 to 4

[0102]

[0103] It can be seen from the test results of Examples 1 to 4 in Table 1 that the high-performance heavy-duty gear oil of the present invention has a high viscosity index, good viscosity-temperature performance, strong corrosion resistance, very small friction coefficient, strong anti-wear performance, low evaporation loss, long oxygen bomb rotation time, small acid value change, no sludge, and ensures the service life of the lubricating oil. It can be seen from the disclosed data that the present invention has very excellent comprehensive performance.

[0104] Example 5

[0105] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-load gear oil in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, and the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that only poly-alpha-olefin is used as the base oil.

[0106] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0107] Example 6

[0108] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-load gear oil in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, and the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that silicone oil is used as the base oil.

[0109] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0110] Example 7

[0111] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-load gear oil in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, and the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the base oil is an oil-soluble polyether.

[0112] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0113] Example 8

[0114] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-load gear oil in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, and the difference between the comparative example and Example 1 is that alkylbenzene is selected as the base oil.

[0115] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0116] Table 2 Test results of high performance heavy load gear oil obtained in Examples 5 to 8

[0117]

[0118] It can be seen from the data in Table 2 that synthetic oil is preferred as the base oil, and replacing synthetic oil with silicone oil, oil-soluble polyether, and alkylbenzene is slightly insufficient in overall performance: After the base oil is replaced with only polyalphaolefin in Example 5, the performance of the high-performance heavy-duty gear oil prepared has changed, among which the wear spot diameter and the rotating oxygen bomb data have changed greatly. The wear spot diameter becomes larger and the rotating oxygen bomb data decreases, which proves that the compatibility and compatibility of the blended base oil and additives are better, and the gear oil can be guaranteed to have better anti-wear and anti-oxidation properties. After the base oil is replaced with silicone oil in Example 6, the anti-wear performance is reduced and the viscosity index is reduced, which proves that the replaced base oil has poor performance in lubrication and viscosity-temperature. After the base oil is replaced with oil-soluble polyether in Example 7, various performances are reduced, which proves that the comprehensive performance of the replaced product is deteriorated. After the base oil is replaced with alkylbenzene in Example 8, the viscosity index decreases, the viscosity-temperature performance deteriorates, and the anti-wear performance also decreases, which proves that the comprehensive performance of the replaced product is deteriorated.

[0119] Comparative Example 1

[0120] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-load gear oil in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is sulfurized isobutylene.

[0121] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0122] Table 3 Comparison results of the performance of the high performance heavy load gear oil obtained in Comparative Example 1 and Example 1

[0123]

[0124] From the data in Table 3, it can be seen that after the extreme pressure anti-wear agent was replaced in Comparative Example 1, not only the anti-wear performance was reduced, but also the copper corrosion level was reduced, proving that the replacement of the anti-wear agent did not solve the contradiction between extreme pressure and corrosion.

[0125] Comparative Example 2

[0126] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-load gear oil in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the extreme pressure anti-wear agent is ammonium dithiophosphate.

[0127] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 4.

[0128] Table 4 Comparison results of the performance of the high performance heavy load gear oil obtained in Comparative Example 2 and Example 1

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] It can be seen from the data in Table 4 that after the extreme pressure anti-wear agent was replaced in Comparative Example 2, not only the anti-wear performance was reduced, but also the copper sheet corrosion level and oxidation resistance were reduced simultaneously, proving that the performance of the replaced anti-wear agent is not as good as the original one.

[0132] Comparative Example 3

[0133] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the antioxidant is alkylated with a single amine. The preparation process is as follows:

[0134] Step 1: Add diphenylamine (the same amount as the mixed amine in Example 1), a non-free proton acid catalyst (accounting for 8% of the mass of diphenylamine), and octene (the molar ratio of diphenylamine to octene is 1:7) into a reaction kettle in sequence.

[0135] Step 2: Under nitrogen protection, heat to 140°C for reaction for 8-9 hours, filter while hot, and distill under reduced pressure to obtain the antioxidant used in Comparative Example 3.

[0136] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 5.

[0137] Table 5 Comparison results of the performance of the high performance heavy load gear oil obtained in Comparative Example 3 and Example 1

[0138] project Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Experimental methods Rotating oxygen bomb (150℃), min 3195 2882 SH / T 0193

[0139] It can be seen from the data in Table 5 that after the antioxidant was replaced in Comparative Example 3, the antioxidant property decreased, proving that the performance of the replaced antioxidant is not as good as the original one.

[0140] Comparative Example 4

[0141] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-duty gear oil in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that the antioxidant is alkylated with a single amine. The preparation process is as follows:

[0142] Step 1: N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine (the same amount as the mixed amine in Example 1), a non-free proton acid catalyst (accounting for 8% of the mass of diphenylamine), and octene (the molar ratio of diphenylamine to octene is 1:7) are added to a reaction kettle in sequence.

[0143] Step 2: Under nitrogen protection, heat to 140°C for reaction for 8-9 hours, filter while hot, and distill under reduced pressure to obtain the antioxidant used in Comparative Example 3.

[0144] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

[0145] Table 6 Comparison results of the performance of the high performance heavy load gear oil obtained in Comparative Example 4 and Example 1

[0146] project Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Experimental methods Rotating oxygen bomb (150℃), min 3195 2822 SH / T 0193

[0147] It can be seen from the data in Table 6 that after the antioxidant was replaced in Comparative Example 4, the antioxidant property decreased, proving that the performance of the replaced antioxidant is not as good as the original one.

[0148] Comparative Example 5

[0149] The preparation method of a high-performance heavy-load gear oil in this comparative example is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that no lubricant is added.

[0150] The obtained high performance heavy load gear oil was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 7.

[0151] Table 7 Comparison results of the performance of the high performance heavy load gear oil obtained in Comparative Example 5 and Example 1

[0152]

[0153] It can be seen from the data in Table 7 that the anti-wear performance of Comparative Example 5 is reduced after the lubricant is removed, which proves that the lubricant can greatly improve the anti-wear performance of gear oil.

[0154] In summary, the high-performance heavy-load gear oil proposed in the present invention has the characteristics of long service life and excellent comprehensive performance.

[0155] More specifically, although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but includes any and all embodiments that are recognizable by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing detailed description, such as combinations between the various embodiments, adaptive changes and / or replacements. The limitations in the claims may be interpreted broadly based on the language used in the claims and are not limited to the examples described in the foregoing detailed description or during the implementation of the application, which examples should be considered non-exclusive. Any steps listed in any method or process claim may be performed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claim. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined solely by the attached claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the description and examples given above.

[0156] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. When there is a conflict, the definition in this specification sheet shall prevail. When rate, pressure, temperature, time or other values ​​or parameters are expressed as ranges, preferred ranges, or a series of upper preferred values ​​and lower preferred values, this should be understood to specifically disclose all ranges formed by any pairing of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether the range is disclosed separately. For example, a range of 1-50 is understood to include any number, combination of numbers, or subrange selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50, and all decimal values ​​between the above integers, for example, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 1.9. With respect to subranges, "nested subranges" extending from any endpoint within the range are specifically contemplated. For example, nested sub-ranges of the exemplary range 1-50 may include 1-10, 1-20, 1-30, and 1-40 in one direction, or 50-40, 50-30, 50-20, and 50-10 in the other direction.

Claims

1. A high performance heavy load gear oil, characterized by: The composition includes the following components in parts by weight: The balance is base oil; Wherein, the base oil includes one or more of silicone oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil, synthetic ester oil, oil-soluble polyether, and alkylbenzene; the extreme pressure anti-wear agent includes methyl hexahydrophthalate; and the antioxidant includes alkylated mixed amine.

2. A high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the extreme pressure anti-wear agent comprises the following steps: using methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether as raw materials, using base oil as solvent, stirring and reacting at 50-70° C. for 4-6 hours under the protection of inert gas, and obtaining the extreme pressure anti-wear agent after removing impurities.

3. A high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether is 1:1.

15.

4. A high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the antioxidant comprises the following steps: in the presence of a catalyst and under the protection of an inert gas, at least two mixed amines are respectively subjected to an alkylation reaction with olefins, the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 130-150° C., the reaction time is 8-9 hours, hot filtration is performed, and reduced pressure distillation is performed to obtain the antioxidant.

5. A high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixed amines at least include diphenylamine and N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, each accounting for 30-70%; the catalyst is a non-free proton acid catalyst, and the amount used is 8% of the mass of the mixed amines; the molar ratio of the mixed amines to the olefins is 1:

7.

6. A high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant is modified graphene, and the preparation method is as follows: graphene and succinate are dispersed in base oil, and the modified graphene is obtained after sand grinding.

7. The high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rust inhibitor is one or more of alkyl sulfonates, thiazoles, organic carboxylates, and propylene diamine salicylate.

8. The high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-emulsifier is selected from polyether polymer compounds; the metal deactivator is dialkyl dithiocarbamate molybdenum.

9. The high performance heavy load gear oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tackifier is selected from one or more of polystyrene-butadiene, polybutylene, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and polymethyl methacrylate.

10. A method for preparing the gear oil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps are: (1) Add base oil into a kettle, stir and heat to 90-120°C; (2) Add thickener and continue stirring for 1 to 2 hours. After the mixture is evenly mixed, cool down to 60 to 80°C. (3) Add a rust inhibitor, an extreme pressure anti-wear agent, an antioxidant, an anti-emulsifier, a metal deactivator, a pour point depressant, an anti-foaming agent, and a lubricant to the mixture obtained in step (2); stir at 60 to 80° C. for 2 to 3 hours, perform an ultrasonic treatment for 0.8 to 1.2 hours, and then perform a dehydration treatment to obtain a high-performance heavy-load gear oil.

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