Low-swelling dry waterproof moisture-permeable light and thin fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-swelling dry waterproof moisture-permeable light and thin fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fabric comprises a dry skin-friendly layer, a high-function moisture-permeable film layer and a waterproof light and thin fabric layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. The fabric is of a three-layer structure, the light and thin waterproof fabric on the outermost layer is an ultra-light and thin fabric with the gram weight being 25-40 g / m < 2 > and the yarn weaving density being 7D-75D, the good waterproof function is achieved, and meanwhile the fabric is light and comfortable to wear and convenient to carry; the middle high-function moisture-permeable film layer has the functions of high water pressure resistance and high moisture permeability and can cope with various severe weathers; the innermost dry skin-friendly layer can be in direct contact with the skin, can keep dry when encountering sweat, and is comfortable and free to wear. The fabric does not deform after encountering water for a long time, and is tough, light and convenient to carry, meanwhile, the skin-friendly face is dry, comfortable and comfortable to wear, and the fabric is different from heavy three-layer fabric in the market and is lighter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of textile fabrics, and in particular relates to a low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In addition to being beautiful and fashionable, clothing fabrics must also have functions such as comfort and protection. In recent years, waterproof and breathable fabrics, which have developed rapidly in my country, are most commonly used in jackets; functional fabrics that are waterproof, windproof, and breathable, but mostly thick. Due to global environmental issues: greenhouse effect, global warming; many cities in my country have a common problem, especially in northern cities: spring and autumn are particularly short; therefore, ultra-thin, lightweight, waterproof and breathable fabrics have been very popular in recent years; and this waterproof and breathable fabric is generally made by combining fabrics with waterproof and breathable membranes.

[0003] After the waterproof and breathable membrane is compounded with the fabric, it can not only prevent the penetration of liquid water, but also effectively transfer water vapor. It has broad application prospects in the fields of field military uniforms, high-end sportswear, medical and health care, precision electronics, building materials, etc. The water that we can come into contact with in our lives includes water vapor, fog, dew, rain, sweat, etc., and the waterproofness of the waterproof and breathable functional membrane mainly refers to the ability to resist the liquid water that we come into contact with in life. When liquid water comes into contact with the membrane, the surface of the membrane is first wetted. Due to the pore structure in the membrane, a capillary effect is generated. Under the action of the capillary effect, water is transferred and thus passes through the membrane. Therefore, the waterproof and breathable membrane itself is not waterproof; after compounding with light and thin fabrics, although the fabric is waterproof, after being exposed to water for a long time or washed, water penetrates the fabric to swell the membrane and cause the fabric to deform, which seriously affects the appearance of the clothing.

[0004] At present, the common jackets and high-end sportswear fabrics on the market are generally made of heavy (50 denier or more) fabrics. Because the functional membrane is not waterproof, the single-layer fabric on the market needs to be compounded with gauze or mesh to make the fabric directly contact the skin and increase its dryness. Although it has waterproof and breathable functions, it is stuffy and heavy to wear when the seasons change. The thin fabric developed by this patent has excellent waterproof and breathable properties after being compounded with a waterproof and breathable membrane. The fabric does not deform after being exposed to water for a long time. It is straight, light and easy to carry. At the same time, the skin-friendly surface is dry and comfortable to wear. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problem that the current waterproof and breathable fabrics swell and deform when exposed to water and the membrane surface becomes wet, the present invention provides a low-swelling and dry waterproof and breathable fabric and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] Technical solution: A low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable, and thin fabric, wherein the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable, and thin fabric comprises a dry skin-friendly layer, a high-performance breathable film layer, and a waterproof fabric layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside;

[0007] The waterproof fabric layer is a knitted fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric; the high-function breathable film layer is a functional waterproof and breathable film with polyurethane as the main raw material; the dry and skin-friendly layer 3 is a coating process on the side of the fabric that contacts the skin.

[0008] As an optimization: the waterproof fabric layer is 7D-75D polyester or nylon fabric.

[0009] As an optimization: the weight of the waterproof fabric layer is 30-150g / m 2 The high-performance breathable film layer has a gram weight of 14-16g / m 2 The dry skin-friendly layer weighs 5-8 g / m 2 .

[0010] A method for preparing a low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Preparation of waterproof fabric layer: including refining, intermediate shaping, dyeing, washing and drying, finishing and shaping steps, wherein:

[0012] In the refining process, 15-30 g / L of caustic soda, 2-5 g / L of surfactant, and 0.5-2 g / L of chelating dispersant are used, and after heat treatment at 95°C, the mixture is fully washed with water at 70-80°C.

[0013] In the intermediate setting process, the dried fabric is pre-set on a setting machine at a baking temperature of 180°C for 48 seconds;

[0014] In the dyeing process, the pretreated fabric is dyed in a dyeing machine, using 1.5 g / L softener, 2.2 g / L dispersant, 2.5 g / L acid, 2.5 g / L penetrant in the bath, adding disperse dyes / reactive dyes, and uniformly heat-dyeing in a 95°C / 130°C environment for 45 minutes; then using 3.0 g / L reducing detergent and 1.8 g / L soaping agent, and fully washing in an 80°C environment;

[0015] In the washing and drying process, the fabric is continuously washed with warm water at 80-120°C, with the speed controlled at 40-60m / min; the fabric is pre-dried on an infrared heating plate for 5-8s; and then dried in a drum with the surface temperature of the drum at 110-120°C and the drying time at 22-40s.

[0016] Step 2: Water-repellent treatment of the waterproof fabric layer: including water-repellent processing, finishing and shaping; wherein:

[0017] In the water-repellent processing step, the fabric is immersed in the waterproof resin liquid for 2-6 seconds, and then rolled by a nylon roller, the roller pressure is 0.3-0.4MPa, and the rolling rate of different fabrics is 35-70%;

[0018] In the finishing and shaping process, the dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine; after the water-repellent treatment, the initial water-repellent performance reaches more than 95 points;

[0019] Step 3: Preparation of a highly functional breathable film layer: comprising the following steps: stirring - degassing - filtering - coating with release paper - drying - separation; the specific operation is as follows:

[0020] Add dimethylaminoformamide and ethyl acetate to the polyurethane solution in sequence and stir at a stirring speed of 450-700 rpm to prepare a composite solution; vacuum degassing the composite solution, filtering it, and then coating it on the release paper, drying it at high temperature, the drying temperature is 65-160°C, the temperature and air volume are carried out according to the above processing conditions, using 65°C strong wind → 95°C weak wind → 140°C weak wind → 160°C strong wind, and then separating the film from the release paper, and rolling it up to prepare a waterproof and breathable functional film;

[0021] Step 4: Lamination process: Lamination of the surface fabric layer and the film layer. The specific lamination process is as follows:

[0022] In the composite process, the film is composited with the fabric through a dot hot melt adhesive, and the dot hot melt adhesive composite process is used:

[0023] a. The hot melt adhesive is transferred to the film through a hot melt dot engraving roller glue, and then compounded with the fabric. The dot compounding temperature is 90℃-120℃ and the speed is 20-30m / min;

[0024] b. After 48 hours to 64 hours of moisture reaction: after compounding, place it in an environment with a temperature of 45℃±5℃ and a humidity of 65%±5% for 48h-64h. The hot melt adhesive is fully cross-linked in moisture, and the peel strength between the composite film and the fabric reaches more than 2.54N / cm, making a mosquito-proof, waterproof and breathable fabric composed of the fabric and the film;

[0025] c. Ripening: After lamination, the fabric needs to be aged under certain conditions and time. The constant temperature and humidity place is the health room. The temperature of the health room is set at 40℃-60℃, the humidity of the health room is set at 50%-60%, and the time is 48 hours-64 hours;

[0026] Step 5, coating treatment: the two layers of fabrics made after compounding are subjected to coating treatment. The specific coating process is as follows: the dry low swelling glue is passed through a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running coating fabric, and the surface fabric layer and the coating fabric are cross-linked and bonded through the dry low swelling glue in an oven with a certain temperature;

[0027] a. Compounding of coating prescription: 50-60 parts of dry microporous polyurethane resin; 20-30 parts of butanone / toluene premix at a ratio of 1:2; 22-25 parts of water / butanone premix at a ratio of 9:1; 1-3 parts of acrylate polymer, 2-3 parts of spherical structure feel agent; stirring speed is 500-1000 revolutions / minute, butanone / toluene premix is ​​slowly stirred when added, dry microporous polyurethane resin is added at the same time, and water / butanone premix is ​​added in batches of 6-10; then add acrylate polymer and feel agent in sequence, when stirring, the friction heat of stirring will produce local heating, use cooling water to keep the target liquid below 30°C, and filter impurities with 100-200 nylon mesh after formulation; after filtration, let it stand for more than 2 hours to degas, and the viscosity of the glue is between 8000mPa·s-15000mPa·s;

[0028] b. Evenly apply the compounded glue to one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane of the compounded fabric, and use a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running composite fabric membrane surface, and then bake it in an oven. The baking temperature and air volume are set as follows: 130℃ weak wind → 150℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind; so that the membrane surface and the compounded coating glue are fully combined;

[0029] Step 6: Fabric finishing and shaping: In the finishing and shaping process, the dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine.

[0030] As an optimization: in the step 2, the concentration of the waterproofing agent is 40-80g / L, and the waterproofing agent used does not contain fluorine; after 2 immersions and 1 rolling, the liquid content of the fabric is 40-70%, the drying temperature of the waterproofing treatment is 110-120°C, and the drying time is 2-3min.

[0031] As an optimization: in the step 2, the components of the waterproof resin liquid are as follows: 20g / L resin a, 40g / L resin b, 4g / L antistatic agent and citric acid for controlling the pH value of the resin liquid at 5.

[0032] As an optimization: in the step 2, in the finishing and shaping process, the baking temperature is 170°C and the baking time is 50s.

[0033] As an optimization: in the step 3, the drying time is 1.5-2.0 min each time, and the thickness of the film is 13-23 um.

[0034] As an optimization: in the step six, the baking temperature is 160-180°C, and the baking time is 22-48s.

[0035] Beneficial effects: The low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable, and light fabric of the present invention comprises a skin-friendly dry surface, a high-function breathable film layer, and a waterproof fabric layer arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The fabric of the present invention adopts a three-layer structure, and can directly contact the outside air through the outermost waterproof fabric layer. It can not only have a good waterproof function, but also prevent ultraviolet rays from passing through the fabric to damage human skin. It can replace the existing sunscreen clothing and is also lighter to wear; the middle high-function breathable film layer has high water pressure resistance and high breathability, and it will not be stuffy when worn; the innermost skin-friendly dry layer can directly contact the skin, which is comfortable and dry, and at the same time ensures that the fabric does not deform after being exposed to water for a long time.

[0036] The low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable, and thin fabric of the present invention has a simple structure and a reasonable design, so that the various layers have a synergistic effect, and at the same time, the functional fibers of each layer can be better utilized, complementing each other, integrating the functions of lightness, comfort, high water pressure resistance, and waterproofness and breathability. At the same time, the problem of swelling and deformation of the functional membrane when it comes into contact with water is solved, and the deformation of the outdoor thin fabric after being exposed to water for a long time is improved. While ensuring the plasticity of the fabric, it can also calmly cope with the harsh outdoor environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the fabric structure of the present invention: the first layer is a thin and light waterproof fabric layer; the second layer is a high-performance moisture-permeable film layer; and the third layer is a skin-friendly and dry layer.

[0038] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the process of preparing glue for preparing the skin-friendly dry layer.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a SEM photograph of the skin-friendly dry layer of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 The appearance of the present invention is compared with that of ordinary products after waterproof testing: after 20 waterproof tests, the membrane surface of the ordinary product is swollen and wet, and the base fabric surface is deformed; while the low-swelling and thin fabric has no particularly obvious deformation on either the surface or the membrane surface.

[0041] In the picture, 1. Waterproof fabric layer; 2. High-performance moisture-permeable film layer; 3. Dry and skin-friendly layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, thereby making a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention. The embodiments described in the present invention are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific embodiment 1

[0044] A low swelling dry waterproof breathable light fabric, wherein the low swelling dry waterproof breathable light fabric comprises a dry skin-friendly layer 3, a high-function breathable film layer 2 and a waterproof fabric layer 1 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; the waterproof fabric layer 1 is a 7D polyester fabric with a gram weight of 30g / m 2 The high-function breathable film layer 2 is a functional waterproof breathable film with polyurethane as the main raw material; the gram weight is 14g / m 2 The dry skin-friendly layer 3 is a coating process on the side of the fabric that contacts the skin, with a gram weight of 5g / m 2 .

[0045] A method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Preparation of waterproof fabric layer: including refining, intermediate shaping, dyeing, washing and drying, finishing and shaping steps, wherein:

[0047] In the refining process, 15 g / L of caustic soda, 2 g / L of surfactant, and 0.5 g / L of chelating dispersant are used, and after heat treatment at 95°C, the product is fully washed with water at 70°C.

[0048] In the intermediate setting process, the dried fabric is pre-set on a setting machine at a baking temperature of 180° C. for 48 seconds.

[0049] In the dyeing process, the pretreated fabric is dyed in a dyeing machine, with 1.5 g / L softener, 2.2 g / L dispersant, 2.5 g / L acid, 2.5 g / L penetrant in the bath, disperse dyes / reactive dyes are added, and uniform heat dyeing is performed in a 95°C / 130°C environment for 45 minutes; then, 3.0 g / L reducing cleaning agent and 1.8 g / L soaping agent are used, and the fabric is fully washed in an 80°C environment.

[0050] In the washing and drying process, the fabric is continuously washed with warm water at 80°C, with the vehicle speed controlled at 40m / min; the fabric is pre-dried on an infrared heating plate for 5s; and then dried in a drum with a drum surface temperature of 110°C and a drying time of 22s.

[0051] Step 2: Water-repellent treatment of the waterproof fabric layer: including water-repellent processing, finishing and shaping; wherein:

[0052] In the water-repellent processing step, the fabric is immersed in the waterproof resin liquid for 2 seconds, and then rolled by a nylon roller, the roller pressure is 0.3MPa, and the rolling rate of different fabrics is 35%; wherein, the concentration of the waterproof agent is 40g / L, and the waterproof agent used does not contain fluorine elements; after 2 immersions and 1 rolling, the liquid content of the fabric is 40%, the drying temperature of the waterproof treatment is 110°C, and the drying time is 2min. The components of the waterproof resin liquid are as follows: 20g / L resin a, 40g / L resin b, 4g / L antistatic agent and citric acid used to control the pH value of the resin liquid at 5.

[0053] In the finishing and shaping process, the dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine at a baking temperature of 170° C. for 50 seconds; after the water-repellent treatment, the initial water-repellent performance reaches more than 95 points.

[0054] Step 3, preparation of a highly functional breathable film layer: comprising the following steps: stirring - degassing - filtering - coating with release paper - drying - separation; the specific operation is as follows: dimethylaminoformamide and ethyl acetate are added to the polyurethane solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 450 rpm to prepare a composite solution; the compounded solution is vacuum degassed, filtered, and then coated on the release paper, and dried at high temperature. The drying temperature is 65°C, and the temperature and air volume are carried out according to the above-mentioned processing conditions, using 65°C strong wind → 95°C weak wind → 140°C weak wind → 160°C strong wind, and then the film and the release paper are separated, and rolled up to form a waterproof and breathable functional film; the drying time is 1.5 min each time, and the thickness of the film is 13um.

[0055] Step 4: Lamination process: Lamination of the surface fabric layer and the film layer. The specific lamination process is as follows: Lamination of the film with the fabric through point-shaped hot melt adhesive. Through the point-shaped hot melt adhesive lamination process:

[0056] a. The hot melt adhesive is transferred to the film through a hot melt dot engraving roller glue, and then compounded with the fabric. The dot compounding temperature is 90℃ and the speed is 20m / min.

[0057] b. After 48 hours of moisture reaction: After compounding, place it in an environment with a temperature of 40°C and a humidity of 60% for 48 hours. The hot melt adhesive is fully cross-linked in moisture, and the peel strength between the composite film and the fabric reaches more than 2.54N / cm, making a mosquito-proof, waterproof and breathable fabric composited with the fabric and the film.

[0058] c. Ripening: After lamination, the fabric needs to be matured under certain conditions and time. The constant temperature and humidity place is the health room. The temperature of the health room is 40℃, the humidity of the health room is 50%, and the time is 48 hours.

[0059] Step 5, coating treatment: the two layers of fabrics made after compounding are subjected to coating treatment. The specific coating process is as follows: the dry low swelling glue is passed through a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running coating fabric, and the surface fabric layer and the coating fabric are cross-linked and bonded through the dry low swelling glue in an oven with a certain temperature.

[0060] a. Compounding of coating prescription: 50 parts of dry microporous polyurethane resin; 20 parts of butanone / toluene premix at a ratio of 1:2; 22 parts of water / butanone premix at a ratio of 9:1; 1 part of acrylate polymer, 2 parts of spherical structure feel agent; stirring speed is 500 rpm, butanone / toluene premix is ​​slowly stirred when added, dry microporous polyurethane resin is added at the same time, and water / butanone premix is ​​added in 6 batches; then add acrylate polymer and feel agent in sequence, during stirring, the friction heat of stirring will produce local heating, use cooling water to keep the target liquid below 30°C, and filter impurities with 100 nylon mesh after formulation; after filtration, let it stand for more than 2 hours to degas, and the viscosity of the glue is 8000mPa·s.

[0061] b. Apply the compounded glue evenly on one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane of the compounded fabric, and use a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running composite fabric membrane surface, and then bake it in an oven. The baking temperature and air volume are set as follows: 130℃ weak wind → 150℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind; so that the membrane surface and the compounded coating glue are fully combined.

[0062] Step 6: Fabric finishing and shaping: The dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine at a temperature of 160°C for 22 seconds. Specific embodiment 2

[0064] A low swelling dry waterproof breathable light fabric, wherein the low swelling dry waterproof breathable light fabric comprises a dry skin-friendly layer 3, a high-function breathable film layer 2 and a waterproof fabric layer 1 arranged from the inside to the outside; the waterproof fabric layer 1 is a 12D nylon fabric with a gram weight of 130g / m 2 The high-function breathable film layer 2 is a functional waterproof breathable film with polyurethane as the main raw material; the gram weight is 15g / m 2 The dry skin-friendly layer 3 is a coating process on the side of the fabric that contacts the skin, with a gram weight of 7g / m 2 .

[0065] A method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: Preparation of waterproof fabric layer: including refining, intermediate shaping, dyeing, washing and drying, finishing and shaping steps, wherein:

[0067] In the refining process, 22 g / L of caustic soda, 4 g / L of surfactant, and 1.5 g / L of chelating dispersant are used, and after heat treatment at 95°C, the product is fully washed with water at 76°C.

[0068] In the intermediate setting process, the dried fabric is pre-set on a setting machine at a baking temperature of 180° C. for 48 seconds.

[0069] In the dyeing process, the pretreated fabric is dyed in a dyeing machine, with 1.5 g / L softener, 2.2 g / L dispersant, 2.5 g / L acid, 2.5 g / L penetrant in the bath, disperse dyes / reactive dyes are added, and uniform heat dyeing is performed in a 95°C / 130°C environment for 45 minutes; then, 3.0 g / L reducing cleaning agent and 1.8 g / L soaping agent are used, and the fabric is fully washed in an 80°C environment.

[0070] In the washing and drying process, the fabric is continuously washed with warm water at 95°C, with the vehicle speed controlled at 50m / min; the fabric is pre-dried on an infrared heating plate for 7s; and then dried in a drum with a drum surface temperature of 114°C for 30s.

[0071] Step 2: Water-repellent treatment of the waterproof fabric layer: including water-repellent processing, finishing and shaping; wherein:

[0072] In the water-repellent processing step, the fabric is immersed in the waterproof resin liquid for 4 seconds, and then rolled by a nylon roller, the roller pressure is 0.35MPa, and the rolling rate of different fabrics is 65%; wherein, the concentration of the waterproof agent is 60g / L, and the waterproof agent used does not contain fluorine elements; after 2 immersions and 1 rolling, the liquid content of the fabric is 50%, the drying temperature of the waterproof treatment is 114°C, and the drying time is 2.5min. The components of the waterproof resin liquid are as follows: 20g / L resin a, 40g / L resin b, 4g / L antistatic agent and citric acid used to control the pH value of the resin liquid at 5.

[0073] In the finishing and shaping process, the dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine at a baking temperature of 170° C. for 50 seconds; after the water-repellent treatment, the initial water-repellent performance reaches more than 95 points.

[0074] Step 3, preparation of a highly functional breathable film layer: comprising the following steps: stirring - degassing - filtering - coating with release paper - drying - separation; the specific operation is as follows: dimethylaminoformamide and ethyl acetate are added to the polyurethane solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 600 rpm to prepare a composite solution; the compounded solution is vacuum degassed, filtered, and then coated on the release paper, and dried at high temperature. The drying temperature is 145°C, and the temperature and air volume are carried out according to the above-mentioned processing conditions, using 65°C strong wind → 95°C weak wind → 140°C weak wind → 160°C strong wind, and then the film and the release paper are separated, and rolled up to form a waterproof and breathable functional film; the drying time is 1.8 min each time, and the thickness of the film is 19um.

[0075] Step 4: Lamination process: Lamination of the surface fabric layer and the film layer. The specific lamination process is as follows: Lamination of the film with the fabric through point-shaped hot melt adhesive. Through the point-shaped hot melt adhesive lamination process:

[0076] a. The hot melt adhesive is transferred to the film through a hot melt dot engraving roller glue, and then compounded with the fabric. The dot compounding temperature is 110℃ and the speed is 25m / min.

[0077] b. After 56 hours of moisture reaction: After compounding, place it in an environment with a temperature of 48°C and a humidity of 67% for 56 hours. The hot melt adhesive is fully cross-linked in moisture, and the peel strength between the composite film and the fabric reaches more than 2.54N / cm, making a mosquito-proof, waterproof and breathable fabric composited with the fabric and the film.

[0078] c. Ripening: After lamination, the fabric needs to be matured under certain conditions and time. The constant temperature and humidity place is the health room. The temperature of the health room is 52°C, the humidity of the health room is 54%, and the time is 56 hours.

[0079] Step 5, coating treatment: the two layers of fabrics made after compounding are subjected to coating treatment. The specific coating process is as follows: the dry low swelling glue is passed through a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running coating fabric, and the surface fabric layer and the coating fabric are cross-linked and bonded through the dry low swelling glue in an oven with a certain temperature.

[0080] a. Compounding of coating prescription: 54 parts of dry microporous polyurethane resin; 26 parts of butanone / toluene premix at a ratio of 1:2; 24 parts of water / butanone premix at a ratio of 9:1; 2 parts of acrylate polymer, 2.5 parts of spherical structure feel agent; stirring speed is 700 rpm, butanone / toluene premix is ​​stirred slowly when added, dry microporous polyurethane resin is added at the same time, and water / butanone premix is ​​added in batches of 8 times; then add acrylate polymer and feel agent in sequence, during stirring, the friction heat of stirring will produce local heating, use cooling water to keep the target liquid below 30°C, and filter impurities with 150 nylon mesh after formulation; after filtration, let it stand for more than 2 hours to degas, and the viscosity of the glue is 12000mPa·s.

[0081] b. Apply the compounded glue evenly on one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane of the compounded fabric, and use a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running composite fabric membrane surface, and then bake it in an oven. The baking temperature and air volume are set as follows: 130℃ weak wind → 150℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind; so that the membrane surface and the compounded coating glue are fully combined.

[0082] Step 6: Fabric finishing and shaping: The dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine at a baking temperature of 170°C for 36 seconds. Specific embodiment 3

[0084] A low swelling dry waterproof breathable light fabric, wherein the low swelling dry waterproof breathable light fabric comprises a dry skin-friendly layer 3, a high-function breathable film layer 2 and a waterproof fabric layer 1 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; the waterproof fabric layer 1 is a 15D nylon fabric with a gram weight of 35g / m 2 The high-function breathable film layer 2 is a functional waterproof breathable film with polyurethane as the main raw material; the gram weight is 16g / m 2 The dry skin-friendly layer 3 is a coating process on the side of the fabric that contacts the skin, with a gram weight of 8g / m 2 .

[0085] A method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric comprises the following steps:

[0086] Step 1: Preparation of waterproof fabric layer: including refining, intermediate shaping, dyeing, washing and drying, finishing and shaping steps, wherein:

[0087] In the refining process, 30 g / L of caustic soda, 5 g / L of surfactant, and 2 g / L of chelating dispersant are used, and after heat treatment at 95°C, the product is fully washed with water at 80°C.

[0088] In the intermediate setting process, the dried fabric is pre-set on a setting machine at a baking temperature of 180° C. for 48 seconds.

[0089] In the dyeing process, the pretreated fabric is dyed in a dyeing machine, with 1.5 g / L softener, 2.2 g / L dispersant, 2.5 g / L acid, 2.5 g / L penetrant in the bath, disperse dyes / reactive dyes are added, and uniform heat dyeing is performed in a 95°C / 130°C environment for 45 minutes; then, 3.0 g / L reducing cleaning agent and 1.8 g / L soaping agent are used, and the fabric is fully washed in an 80°C environment.

[0090] In the washing and drying process, the fabric is continuously washed with warm water at 120°C, with the vehicle speed controlled at 60m / min; the fabric is pre-dried on an infrared heating plate for 8s; and then dried in a drum with a drum surface temperature of 120°C for 40s.

[0091] Step 2: Water-repellent treatment of the waterproof fabric layer: including water-repellent processing, finishing and shaping; wherein:

[0092] In the water-repellent processing step, the fabric is immersed in the waterproof resin liquid for 6 seconds, and then rolled by a nylon roller, the roller pressure is 0.4MPa, and the rolling rate of different fabrics is 70%; wherein, the concentration of the waterproof agent is 80g / L, and the waterproof agent used does not contain fluorine elements; after 2 immersions and 1 rolling, the liquid content of the fabric is 70%, the drying temperature of the waterproof treatment is 120℃, and the drying time is 3min. The components of the waterproof resin liquid are as follows: 20g / L resin a, 40g / L resin b, 4g / L antistatic agent and citric acid used to control the pH value of the resin liquid at 5.

[0093] In the finishing and shaping process, the dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine at a baking temperature of 170° C. for 50 seconds; after the water-repellent treatment, the initial water-repellent performance reaches more than 95 points.

[0094] Step 3, preparation of a highly functional breathable film layer: comprising the following steps: stirring - degassing - filtering - coating with release paper - drying - separation; the specific operation is as follows: dimethylaminoformamide and ethyl acetate are added to the polyurethane solution in sequence and stirred at a stirring speed of 700 rpm to prepare a composite solution; the compounded solution is vacuum degassed, filtered, and then coated on the release paper, and dried at high temperature. The drying temperature is 65-160°C, and the temperature and air volume are carried out according to the above-mentioned processing conditions, using 65°C strong wind → 95°C weak wind → 140°C weak wind → 160°C strong wind, and then the film and the release paper are separated, and rolled up to form a waterproof and breathable functional film; the drying time is 2.0 min each time, and the thickness of the film is 23um.

[0095] Step 4: Lamination process: Lamination of the surface fabric layer and the film layer. The specific lamination process is as follows: Lamination of the film with the fabric through point-shaped hot melt adhesive. Through the point-shaped hot melt adhesive lamination process:

[0096] a. The hot melt adhesive is transferred to the film through a hot melt dot engraving roller glue, and then compounded with the fabric. The dot compounding temperature is 120℃ and the speed is 30m / min.

[0097] b. After 48 hours to 64 hours of moisture reaction: After compounding, place it in an environment with a temperature of 50°C and a humidity of 70% for 64 hours. The hot melt adhesive is fully cross-linked in moisture, and the peel strength between the composite film and the fabric reaches more than 2.54N / cm, making a mosquito-proof, waterproof and breathable fabric composited with the fabric and the film.

[0098] c. Ripening: After lamination, the fabric needs to be matured under certain conditions and time. The constant temperature and humidity place is the health room. The temperature of the health room is 52°C, the humidity of the health room is 54%, and the time is 56 hours.

[0099] Step 5, coating treatment: the two layers of fabrics made after compounding are subjected to coating treatment. The specific coating process is as follows: the dry low swelling glue is passed through a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running coating fabric, and the surface fabric layer and the coating fabric are cross-linked and bonded through the dry low swelling glue in an oven with a certain temperature.

[0100] a. Compounding of coating prescription: 60 parts of dry microporous polyurethane resin; 30 parts of butanone / toluene premix at a ratio of 1:2; 25 parts of water / butanone premix at a ratio of 9:1; 3 parts of acrylate polymer, 3 parts of spherical structure feel agent; stirring speed is 1000 rpm, butanone / toluene premix is ​​stirred slowly when added, dry microporous polyurethane resin is added at the same time, and water / butanone premix is ​​added in batches of 10; then add acrylate polymer and feel agent in sequence, during stirring, the friction heat of stirring will produce local heating, use cooling water to keep the target liquid below 30°C, and filter impurities with 200 nylon mesh after formulation; after filtration, let it stand for more than 2 hours to degas, and the viscosity of the glue is 15000mPa·s.

[0101] b. Apply the compounded glue evenly on one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane of the compounded fabric, and use a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running composite fabric membrane surface, and then bake it in an oven. The baking temperature and air volume are set as follows: 130℃ weak wind → 150℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind; so that the membrane surface and the compounded coating glue are fully combined.

[0102] Step 6: Fabric finishing and shaping: The dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine at a temperature of 180°C for 48 seconds.

[0103] The fabric performance test of the present invention is as follows

[0104] (1) The fabric information tested is as follows: Warp: 10D-7-BR.NY.FDY(JJ), Weft: 10D-7-BR.NY.FDY(JJ), Composition: NY 100%, Weight: 59g / m 2 .

[0105] (2) The test items and test results are as follows:

[0106] The waterproof and moisture permeability performance tests of the fabric of the present invention are shown in the following table:

[0107] Table 1 Waterproof and moisture permeability properties of fabrics

[0108]

[0109] The above experiments show that the present invention enriches the functionality of the fabric through a series of special finishing processes such as compounding and coating, integrating functions such as lightness and comfort, high water pressure resistance, and waterproof and moisture permeability, solving the problem of swelling and deformation of functional membranes when exposed to water, and improving the problem of deformation of outdoor thin fabrics after long-term exposure to water. While ensuring the plasticity of the fabric, it can also calmly cope with harsh outdoor environments.

Claims

1. A low swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric, characterized by: The low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric comprises a dry, skin-friendly layer (3), a high-performance breathable film layer (2) and a waterproof fabric layer (1) arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; The waterproof fabric layer (1) is a knitted fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric; the high-function breathable film layer (2) is a functional waterproof and breathable film with polyurethane as the main raw material; and the dry and skin-friendly layer (3) is a coating process on the side of the fabric that contacts the skin.

2. The low swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof fabric layer (1) is 7D-15D polyester or nylon fabric.

3. The low swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof fabric layer (1) has a gram weight of 30-150 g / m 2 The high-performance breathable film layer (2) has a gram weight of 14-16 g / m 2 The dry skin-friendly layer (3) has a weight of 5-8 g / m 2 .

4. A method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Preparation of waterproof fabric layer: including refining, intermediate shaping, dyeing, washing and drying, finishing and shaping steps, wherein: In the refining process, 15-30 g / L of caustic soda, 2-5 g / L of surfactant, and 0.5-2 g / L of chelating dispersant are used, and after heat treatment at 95°C, the mixture is fully washed with water at 70-80°C. In the intermediate setting process, the dried fabric is pre-set on a setting machine at a baking temperature of 180°C for 48 seconds; In the dyeing process, the pretreated fabric is dyed in a dyeing machine, using 1.5 g / L softener, 2.2 g / L dispersant, 2.5 g / L acid, 2.5 g / L penetrant in the bath, adding disperse dyes / reactive dyes, and uniformly heat-dyeing in a 95°C / 130°C environment for 45 minutes; then using 3.0 g / L reducing detergent and 1.8 g / L soaping agent, and fully washing in an 80°C environment; In the washing and drying process, the fabric is continuously washed with warm water at 80-120°C, with the speed controlled at 40-60m / min; the fabric is pre-dried on an infrared heating plate for 5-8s; and then dried in a drum with the surface temperature of the drum at 110-120°C and the drying time at 22-40s. Step 2: Water-repellent treatment of the waterproof fabric layer: including water-repellent processing, finishing and shaping; wherein: In the water-repellent processing step, the fabric is immersed in the waterproof resin liquid for 2-6 seconds, and then rolled by a nylon roller, the roller pressure is 0.3-0.4MPa, and the rolling rate of different fabrics is 35-70%; In the finishing and shaping process, the dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine; after the water-repellent treatment, the initial water-repellent performance reaches more than 95 points; Step 3: Preparation of a highly functional breathable film layer: comprising the following steps: stirring - degassing - filtering - coating with release paper - drying - separation; the specific operation is as follows: Add dimethylaminoformamide and ethyl acetate to the polyurethane solution in sequence and stir at a stirring speed of 450-700 rpm to prepare a composite solution; vacuum degassing the composite solution, filtering it, and then coating it on the release paper, drying it at high temperature, the drying temperature is 65-160°C, the temperature and air volume are carried out according to the above processing conditions, using 65°C strong wind → 95°C weak wind → 140°C weak wind → 160°C strong wind, and then separating the film from the release paper, and rolling it up to prepare a waterproof and breathable functional film; Step 4: Lamination process: Lamination of the surface fabric layer and the film layer. The specific lamination process is as follows: In the composite process, the film is composited with the fabric through a dot hot melt adhesive, and the dot hot melt adhesive composite process is used: a. The hot melt adhesive is transferred to the film through a hot melt dot engraving roller glue, and then compounded with the fabric. The dot compounding temperature is 90℃-120℃ and the speed is 20-30m / min; b. After 48 hours to 64 hours of moisture reaction: after compounding, place it in an environment with a temperature of 45℃±5℃ and a humidity of 65%±5% for 48h-64h. The hot melt adhesive is fully cross-linked in moisture, and the peel strength between the composite film and the fabric reaches more than 2.54N / cm, making a mosquito-proof, waterproof and breathable fabric composed of the fabric and the film; c. Ripening: After lamination, the fabric needs to be aged under certain conditions and time. The constant temperature and humidity place is the health room. The temperature of the health room is set at 40℃-60℃, the humidity of the health room is set at 50%-60%, and the time is 48 hours-64 hours; Step 5, coating treatment: the two layers of fabrics made after compounding are subjected to coating treatment. The specific coating process is as follows: the dry low swelling glue is passed through a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running coating fabric, and the surface fabric layer and the coating fabric are cross-linked and bonded through the dry low swelling glue in an oven with a certain temperature; a. Compounding of coating prescription: 50-60 parts of dry microporous polyurethane resin; 20-30 parts of butanone / toluene premix at a ratio of 1:2; 22-25 parts of water / butanone premix at a ratio of 9:1; 1-3 parts of acrylate polymer, 2-3 parts of spherical structure feel agent; stirring speed is 500-1000 revolutions / minute, butanone / toluene premix is ​​slowly stirred when added, dry microporous polyurethane resin is added at the same time, and water / butanone premix is ​​added in batches of 6-10; then add acrylate polymer and feel agent in sequence, when stirring, the friction heat of stirring will produce local heating, use cooling water to keep the target liquid below 30°C, and filter impurities with 100-200 nylon mesh after formulation; after filtration, let it stand for more than 2 hours to degas, and the viscosity of the glue is between 8000mPa·s-15000mPa·s; b. Evenly apply the compounded glue to one side of the waterproof and breathable membrane of the compounded fabric, and use a shaped coating scraper to coat a certain amount of glue on the running composite fabric membrane surface, and then bake it in an oven. The baking temperature and air volume are set as follows: 130℃ weak wind → 150℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind → 160℃ strong wind; so that the membrane surface and the compounded coating glue are fully combined; Step 6: Fabric finishing and shaping: In the finishing and shaping process, the dried fabric is baked on a shaping machine.

5. The method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 2, the concentration of the waterproofing agent is 40-80 g / L, and the waterproofing agent used does not contain fluorine; after 2 immersions and 1 rolling, the liquid content of the fabric is 40-70%, the drying temperature of the waterproofing treatment is 110-120°C, and the drying time is 2-3 minutes.

6. The method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 2, the components of the waterproof resin liquid are as follows: 20 g / L resin a, 40 g / L resin b, 4 g / L antistatic agent and citric acid for controlling the pH value of the resin liquid at 5.

7. The method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 2, in the finishing and shaping process, the baking temperature is 170° C. and the baking time is 50 seconds.

8. The method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step 3, the drying time is 1.5-2.0 min each time, and the thickness of the film is 13-23 um.

9. The method for preparing the low-swelling, dry, waterproof, breathable and light fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step six, the baking temperature is 160-180° C. and the baking time is 22-48 seconds.

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