Counterfort type embankment slope protection structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a buttress type embankment slope protection structure and a construction method thereof. The buttress type embankment slope protection structure comprises two retaining wall bottom plates which are mutually independent and oppositely arranged, and retaining wall panels are fixedly arranged at the outer ends of the upper end faces of the retaining wall bottom plates; a buttress side plate is fixedly connected with the retaining wall bottom plate and the retaining wall face plate. An anchor rod is connected between the retaining wall bottom plate and the retaining wall panel; the system further comprises a drainage system. Compared with the prior art, the counterfort retaining wall has the advantages that the counterfort structure is applied to the field of slope reinforcement by adjusting the angle of the counterfort retaining wall bottom plate and the angle of the counterfort retaining wall panel, and the compressive strength, the shear strength and the safety coefficient of a slope are improved. According to the construction method of the embankment slope protection structure, the embankment slope protection structure is firstly built, then a roadbed is compacted in a layered mode, and then the position, needing to be poured, of the structure is poured; layered compaction utilizes a method of combining a heavy-load vehicle, a sheep-foot mill and manpower for compaction, and the problem that the designed structure is difficult to construct is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of road engineering, and in particular to a buttress-type embankment slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, which are particularly suitable for slope reinforcement under high load and extreme weather conditions. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of railways, unreasonable slope, structural design, and drainage design of embankment slopes may lead to slope instability. In order to prevent the instability of railway embankment slopes, it is necessary to strictly control the slope gradient during the design and construction process to ensure that it matches the mechanical properties of the soil, and strengthen drainage measures, such as setting up drainage ditches and intercepting ditches, to prevent water from eroding and damaging the slopes. The current slope protection structure has defects in dealing with extreme weather and high loads.

[0003] The slope protection structures currently in widespread use have beautiful appearance designs and can meet the compressive strength requirements of most road sections. However, in terms of dealing with natural disasters, embankment slope protection structures may be affected by extreme weather such as heavy rains, floods, and mudslides, causing damage or failure of the slope protection structures. In addition, with the increase in traffic volume and vehicle loads, higher requirements are placed on the bearing capacity of slope protection structures. Some current slope protection structures have the above deficiencies in design and construction, resulting in the risk of collapse and instability of embankment slopes under high loads and extreme weather conditions.

[0004] However, due to its structure, the traditional buttress retaining wall structure has a limited scope of application and poor aesthetics, and is difficult to be directly used in highway or railway embankment slope protection. Based on this, the present invention improves the buttress retaining wall and designs a buttress slope protection structure to increase the compressive and shear strengths and safety factor of the slope, and introduces its construction method in detail, thereby solving the problem of insufficient strength of the existing slope protection structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues

[0006] The invention provides a buttress type embankment slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, aiming to increase the compressive strength, shear strength and safety factor of the slope, and solve the problem of insufficient strength of the existing slope protection structure.

[0007] (II) Technical content

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a buttress-type embankment slope protection structure, comprising two retaining wall bottom plates that are independent of each other and arranged oppositely, the retaining wall bottom plates serving as a structural foundation for bearing and distributing upper loads, retaining wall panels fixedly provided at the outer ends of the upper surfaces of the retaining wall bottom plates for preventing soil from sliding, the two retaining wall panels being arranged in a mirror image of each other; buttress side plates fixedly provided connecting the retaining wall bottom plates and the retaining wall panels for dispersing lateral soil pressure; the retaining wall bottom plates and the retaining wall panels Anchor rods are provided between the panels; a drainage system is also provided, which includes a drainage channel arranged on the outer side of the upper end surface of the retaining wall base plate, a water diversion groove arranged on the retaining wall panel, and drainage holes arranged alternately on the retaining wall panel, and PVC pipes are inserted and fixed inside the drainage holes to guide and drain the accumulated water; the retaining wall panel is inclined and the angle between it and the retaining wall base plate is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment slope, ranging from 30° to 60°; an embankment base bed is filled between the retaining wall base plate and the retaining wall panel.

[0009] Furthermore, the drainage holes are staggeredly distributed on the retaining wall panel and located in the gaps of the drinking water grooves, and the hole diameter is 5-10 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the embankment base bed includes an embankment layer, a base bed bottom layer and a base bed surface layer which are filled in sequence from bottom to top.

[0011] Another aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for a buttressed embankment slope protection structure, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. Geological exploration and site preparation: clearing surface obstacles, surveying and setting out, and excavating foundation pits;

[0013] S2. Foundation construction: laying and compacting the crushed stone cushion layer, and pouring the concrete cushion layer;

[0014] S3, Reinforcement engineering: tying the reinforcement of the retaining wall base plate, retaining wall panel and buttress side plate;

[0015] S4, formwork installation and concrete pouring: install the formwork and adjust the angle between the retaining wall panel and the retaining wall base plate, and pour the retaining wall base plate concrete in layers;

[0016] S5. Embankment filling: fill the embankment layer, subgrade bottom layer and subgrade surface layer in layers, and use a combination of heavy-duty vehicles, sheep-foot rollers and manual compaction for each layer;

[0017] S6. Casting retaining wall panels and buttress side panels: After installing anchor rods, cast concrete and reserve drainage holes;

[0018] S7. Maintenance and acceptance: Cure the concrete until the strength reaches the standard and then inspect the structure quality.

[0019] (III) Technical Effect

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] By adjusting the angles of the bottom plate and the panel of the buttress retaining wall, the buttress structure is applied to the reinforcement of the slope to increase the compressive and shear strength and safety factor of the slope. The construction method of the embankment slope protection structure is proposed. First, the embankment slope protection structure is built, then the roadbed is compacted in layers, and then the structure is poured where it needs to be poured; the layered compaction is compacted by a combination of heavy-duty vehicles, sheep's foot rollers, and manual methods, which solves the problem of difficult construction of the designed structure, provides a certain reference for road safety, slope collapse accident prevention and control, and the design of the slope protection structure. It includes a drainage system composed of water diversion grooves, drainage holes, and drainage channels, which increases the compressive and shear strength of the slope, enhances its resistance to extreme weather, and comprehensively solves the problems of insufficient strength and easy cracking of the existing slope protection structure; the embankment slope is prone to instability under high loads and extreme rainfall.

[0022] Compared with traditional slope protection structures and buttress retaining walls, the setting of anchor rods provides additional tension, effectively preventing the structure from sliding and overturning under the action of soil pressure, and improving the overall stability. The combination of water diversion grooves, drainage channels and drainage holes allows the water flow to be guided and discharged more effectively, reducing the erosion and damage of water to the embankment. The design of the buttress side panels enables the structure to better adapt to different terrain and soil conditions. The angle between the panel and the bottom plate is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment slope, which enhances the versatility and flexibility of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the slope protection structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a staggered arrangement diagram of the drainage holes of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a construction flow chart of the present invention.

[0027] As shown in the figure: 1. Retaining wall bottom plate; 2. Retaining wall panel; 3. Anchor rod; 4. Buttress side plate; 5. Drainage channel; 6. Water diversion groove; 7. Ground; 8. Embankment layer; 9. Base bed bottom layer; 10. Base bed surface layer; 11. Gravel cushion layer; 12. PVC pipe; 13. Drain hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "center", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation structure and operation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "provided with", "installed", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, it can be an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection, it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Combined with Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 A buttress-type embankment slope protection structure comprises two retaining wall bottom plates 1 which are independent and arranged opposite to each other. The retaining wall bottom plates 1 are used as a structural foundation for bearing and distributing upper loads. The outer ends of the upper end surfaces of the retaining wall bottom plates 1 are fixed with retaining wall panels 2 for preventing soil from sliding. The two retaining wall panels 2 are arranged in a mirror image of each other. A buttress side plate 4 is fixedly provided between the retaining wall bottom plates 1 and the retaining wall panels 2 for dispersing lateral soil pressure. An anchor rod 3 is connected between the retaining wall bottom plates 1 and the retaining wall panels 2. It includes a drainage system, which includes a drainage channel 5 arranged on the outer side of the upper end surface of the retaining wall base plate 1, a water diversion groove 6 arranged on the retaining wall panel 2, and drainage holes 13 arranged alternately on the retaining wall panel 2, and a PVC pipe 13 is inserted and fixed inside the drainage hole 13 to guide and drain the accumulated water; the retaining wall panel 2 is inclined and the angle between it and the retaining wall base plate 1 is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment, ranging from 30° to 60°; an embankment base bed is filled between the retaining wall base plate 1 and the retaining wall panel 2.

[0032] The drainage holes 13 are staggeredly distributed on the retaining wall panel 2 and located in the gap of the drinking water groove 6, and the hole diameter is 5-10 cm. The embankment base bed includes an embankment layer 8, a base bed bottom layer 9 and a base bed surface layer 10 filled in sequence from bottom to top.

[0033] Another aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for a buttressed embankment slope protection structure, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1. Geological exploration and site preparation: clearing surface obstacles, surveying and setting out, and excavating foundation pits;

[0035] S2. Foundation construction: laying and compacting the crushed stone cushion layer, and pouring the concrete cushion layer;

[0036] S3, reinforcement engineering: tying the reinforcement of the retaining wall base plate 1, retaining wall panel 2 and buttress side plate 4;

[0037] S4, formwork installation and concrete pouring: install the formwork and adjust the angle between the retaining wall panel 2 and the retaining wall bottom plate 1, and pour the concrete of the retaining wall bottom plate 1 in layers;

[0038] S5, embankment filling: fill the embankment layer 8, the base bed bottom layer 9, and the base bed surface layer 10 in layers, and use a combination of heavy-duty vehicles, sheep foot rollers and manual compaction for each layer;

[0039] S6, pouring the retaining wall panel 2 and the buttress side panel 4: after installing the anchor rod 3, pouring concrete and reserving the drainage hole 13;

[0040] S7. Maintenance and acceptance: Cure the concrete until the strength reaches the standard and then inspect the structure quality.

[0041] The specific construction steps of the present invention are described in detail as follows:

[0042] Structure introduction:

[0043] Figure 1 A road embankment slope protection structure is shown, which includes the following key parts:

[0044] Retaining wall slab 1: As the foundation of the entire structure, it bears and distributes the weight of the upper structure to ensure the stability of the structure.

[0045] Retaining wall panel 2: Located at both ends of the structure, it is in direct contact with the soil and plays a role in preventing soil sliding and collapse.

[0046] Anchor rod 3: connects the retaining wall base plate 1 and the retaining wall panel 2, provides additional tension, and enhances the overall stability and anti-slip ability of the structure.

[0047] Buttress side plate 4: connected to the retaining wall bottom plate 1 and the retaining wall face plate 2, plays a supporting and reinforcing role to prevent deformation caused by lateral earth pressure.

[0048] Drainage channel 5: used to collect and guide water flow to prevent water accumulation from damaging the embankment.

[0049] The water diversion groove 6 is used to guide rainwater or other water sources to flow into the drainage channel to ensure that the water can be discharged smoothly; on the other hand, it enhances the aesthetics of the structure.

[0050] Construction process: The entire construction process starts from geological exploration and site preparation, covering foundation cushion construction, reinforcement engineering, formwork installation and concrete pouring, embankment filling, detail processing and maintenance acceptance. It is a systematic and coherent process that ensures the stability and durability of the embankment slope protection structure. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0051] S1. At the initial stage of construction, a comprehensive geological survey is conducted on the construction site to understand the nature and distribution of the underground soil layer. At the same time, surface clearing is carried out to remove obstacles such as weeds and trees on the surface to create good conditions for subsequent construction. Next, surveying and setting out are carried out to accurately determine the boundaries and key points of the construction area. Finally, excavation operations are carried out to dig foundation pits or trenches according to design requirements to prepare for subsequent foundation construction.

[0052] S2. During the foundation cushion construction phase, the crushed stone cushion is first constructed. The crushed stones of a certain specification are evenly laid at the bottom of the foundation pit, and then compacted with appropriate compaction machinery to ensure the density and flatness of the crushed stone cushion. Then the concrete cushion is constructed, and it is also poured and vibrated in layers to ensure the bearing capacity and stability of the cushion, providing a solid foundation for subsequent structural construction.

[0053] S3. During the reinforcement engineering stage, the wall panel reinforcement and the embedded wall panels and buttress reinforcement are accurately tied according to the requirements of the design drawings to ensure that the specifications, quantity, spacing and position of the reinforcement meet the design requirements. This is a key step in ensuring the integrity and strength of the structure.

[0054] S4, install the retaining wall base plate 1, retaining wall panel 2 and buttress side plate formwork according to Figure 1 As shown, the angle between the retaining wall bottom plate 1 and the retaining wall panel 2 and the shape of the buttress side plate (trapezoidal) are adjusted. Then the thick retaining wall bottom plate 1 concrete is poured, and the layered pouring and vibration method is adopted to ensure the density and uniformity of the concrete. At the same time, attention is paid to the maintenance of the concrete to prevent the generation of early cracks. After the retaining wall bottom plate 1 is poured and maintained, earthwork construction is carried out.

[0055] S5, enter the embankment filling stage, adopt the layered filling method, which is the embankment layer 8, the base bed bottom layer 9, and the base bed surface layer 10. Different from the traditional construction, the buttress side plates and the face plate are not cast when the layered filling and compaction are carried out, and the angle between the face plate and the bottom plate cannot be directly compacted by a heavy-duty vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to use a combination of heavy-duty vehicles, sheep foot rollers and manual methods to ensure that each layer of fill reaches the density required by the design to ensure the stability and bearing capacity of the embankment.

[0056] S6. During the construction process, pay attention to reserving drainage holes, staggered at 2-3 meters, to ensure smooth drainage inside the structure and prevent water accumulation from damaging the structure. The retaining wall panel 2 needs to outline the water diversion groove 6, which on the one hand will guide rainfall into the drainage channel 5, and on the other hand will make the retaining wall panel 2 look beautiful. Then pour the concrete of the retaining wall panel 2 and the buttress side panel 4, and then drill holes at the reserved drainage holes 13 and install PVC pipes 12 to drain the water inside the slope, reduce the pore water pressure, and prevent the slope from being unstable due to excessive water pressure. At the same time, carry out anchor construction, drill holes and install anchors at the positions and angles required by the design to ensure the close combination of concrete and anchors, and enhance the overall stability of the structure. Finally, lay a crushed stone cushion layer 11 on the upper surface of the base bed surface layer 10 (the crushed stone cushion layer 11 is the same material as the crushed stone cushion layer mentioned above for laying in the foundation pit). After completion, the cross-sectional diagram of the embankment slope is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0057] S7. After the entire construction process is completed, the completed structure will be maintained for a certain period of time to ensure the strength and durability of the concrete. After the maintenance work is completed, the completed embankment slope protection structure will be comprehensively inspected in accordance with relevant specifications and standards to check whether the structure's appearance, size, concrete strength and other indicators meet the design requirements to ensure that the project quality meets the standards.

[0058] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A buttress-type embankment slope protection structure, comprising two retaining wall bottom plates (1) which are independent of each other and arranged opposite to each other, the retaining wall bottom plates (1) serving as a structural foundation for bearing and distributing upper loads, characterized in that: The outer end of the upper end surface of the retaining wall bottom plate (1) is fixedly provided with a retaining wall panel (2) for preventing soil from sliding, and the two retaining wall panels (2) are arranged in a mirror image of each other; a buttress side plate (4) is fixedly provided connecting the retaining wall bottom plate (1) and the retaining wall panel (2) for dispersing lateral soil pressure; an anchor rod (3) is connected between the retaining wall bottom plate (1) and the retaining wall panel (2); It also includes a drainage system, which includes a drainage channel (5) arranged on the outer side of the upper end surface of the retaining wall bottom plate (1), a water guide groove (6) arranged on the retaining wall panel (2), and drainage holes (13) arranged alternately on the retaining wall panel (2), wherein a PVC pipe (12) is inserted and fixed inside the drainage hole (13) for guiding and draining the accumulated water; The retaining wall panel (2) is inclined and the angle between it and the retaining wall bottom plate (1) is designed according to the slope ratio of the embankment, and the range is 30°-60°; An embankment bed is filled between the retaining wall bottom plate (1) and the retaining wall face plate (2).

2. A buttress type embankment slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage holes (13) are staggeredly distributed on the retaining wall panel (2) and are located in the gaps of the drinking water grooves (6), and the hole diameter is 5-10 cm.

3. The buttress type embankment slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embankment base bed comprises an embankment layer (8), a base bed bottom layer (9) and a base bed surface layer (10) which are filled in sequence from bottom to top.

4. A construction method for a buttress type embankment slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Geological exploration and site preparation: clearing surface obstacles, surveying and setting out, and excavating foundation pits; S2. Foundation construction: laying and compacting the crushed stone cushion layer, and pouring the concrete cushion layer; S3, reinforcement engineering: tying the reinforcement of the retaining wall base plate (1), retaining wall face plate (2) and buttress side plate (4); S4, formwork installation and concrete pouring: install the formwork and adjust the angle between the retaining wall panel (2) and the retaining wall base plate (1), and pour the concrete of the retaining wall base plate (1) in layers; S5, embankment filling: filling the embankment layer (8), the base bed bottom layer (9), and the base bed surface layer (10) in layers, and each layer is compacted by a heavy-duty vehicle, a sheep's foot roller, and manual labor; S6, pouring the retaining wall panel (2) and the buttress side plate (4): after installing the anchor rod (3), pouring concrete and reserving drainage holes (13); S7. Maintenance and acceptance: Cure the concrete until the strength reaches the standard and then inspect the structure quality.

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