Construction method and device for controlling perpendicularity of high pier

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method and device for controlling the perpendicularity of a high pier, and belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering construction. Determining a plumb aligner control point; mounting a creeping formwork bracket; installing a laser target; correcting and installing an inclination measuring instrument; centering the point position of the laser plumb aligner; measuring a deviation value between the laser beam and the pier body; collecting data of an inclination measuring instrument; and pier body concrete is poured. According to the method, through triple measurement rechecking and chemical deviation calculation, the perpendicularity control precision and efficiency of high pier construction are remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for high pier construction in a complex environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of beam engineering construction, and in particular relates to a construction method and a device for controlling the verticality of a high pier. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the comprehensive development of transportation, high pier bridges have become the preferred bridge type for crossing mountainous areas with gullies and large elevation differences. In the construction process of high pier bridges, the verticality control of high piers is a key link in the entire bridge construction. The quality of high pier verticality control directly affects the stress state of the piers and even affects the internal force distribution of the entire bridge structure. Therefore, it is necessary to study the control method of high pier verticality in depth. For the construction of high piers, the existing construction technologies mainly include flip formwork construction and climbing formwork construction. During the construction of high piers, due to the use of large templates, the verticality is not easy to control during the pier construction process. At present, the verticality of the pier body is controlled by combining a laser plummet and a total station during the construction of high piers. However, with the increase of the height of the piers, the elevation angle is large when the total station is used to directly measure the measuring point, the working space is small, the measuring station often cannot meet the ideal line of sight conditions, and multiple points need to be set. At the same time, there is also a problem of reduced measurement accuracy caused by wind force, which makes it difficult to obtain accurate data, resulting in reduced measurement accuracy and difficulty in ensuring the verticality of the high pier. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a construction method and device for controlling the verticality of a high pier, so as to solve the technical problems of low verticality control accuracy and influence on construction efficiency in the current high pier construction process.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for controlling and implementing the verticality of high pier construction uses a method combining a laser plummet and an inclination measuring instrument to monitor the verticality of the pier body. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Loft out the center point of the pier and four corner points of the pier on the top surface of the abutment, and pop up the edge line of the pier body based on the positions of the corner points of the pier; Step 2: Offset each pier corner point longitudinally and transversely outward by a preset distance to obtain eight plumb line control points. Drive steel bars into the plumb line control points and anchor them. Mark the measuring points on the steel bar heads. Step 3: Use full-height brackets to complete the first section of concrete pouring on the top surface of the pedestal. After the concrete strength of the first section of the pier reaches the construction standard, install the climbing formwork bracket; Step 4: Cut eight through holes on each layer of the walking board of the climbing formwork support, and install the laser target in the through holes on the top layer of the walking board; the distance between the center position of the through hole and the longitudinal and transverse inner edges of the template is equal to the preset distance; Step 5: Install the inclinometer close to the center of the formwork on the four sides of the pier; Step 6: Install the laser plummet at the plummet control point, center the plummet control point, and then emit a laser beam upward to form and mark a light spot on the laser target; Step 7: On the top pedestrian walkway, pull the steel tape measure from the template corner along the extension line of the inner edge of the template, measure and record the distance from the inner edge of the template to the laser beam, and adjust the template according to the measurement results; Step 8: Collect the inclination of the measuring point on the inclination measuring instrument and check it with the measurement result of the laser plumb line. After the inclination measurement result is consistent with the measurement result of the plumb line and both meet the construction standards, reinforce the formwork; Step 9: Cast the pier body. When the curing strength of the pier body reaches the specified strength, lift the climbing formwork support, readjust the formwork, and repeat steps 7 and 8 until the pier construction is completed.

[0005] Furthermore, in step 1, after the position of the pier corner point is determined, a total station is set up at each pier corner point to verify the position of each pier corner point. After the construction standard is met, the pier side line is popped out.

[0006] Furthermore, in step 2, after the positions of the plumb line control points are preliminarily determined, a total station is set up to verify the plane positions of the eight plumb line control points; after the verification is passed, protective caps are set on the plumb line control points. Furthermore, the preset distance is 0.5m.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 4, the distance between the center position of the through hole and the inner edge of the template 7 is a preset distance.

[0008] Furthermore, in step 6, when the point position of the plumb line control point is centered, the diameter of the light spot formed on the laser target is less than or equal to 1 mm; the laser plumb line is rotated arbitrarily multiple times so that the deviation between the center of the light spot on the laser target and the mark position is less than or equal to 2 mm. If it does not meet the requirements, the point position is re-centered.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 7, when measuring the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line, the laser target plane and the tape measure are placed in the same horizontal plane; the distance from the four inner edge vertex positions of each template to the laser beam is measured; if the deviation value measured by the laser plumb line at one point exceeds the set threshold, the template is adjusted and remeasured.

[0010] A construction device for controlling the verticality of a high pier, comprising: Total station, used to check the positions of the pier center point and four pier corner points laid out on the top surface of the cap; Climbing formwork brackets are used to support the formwork during the construction of bridge piers; The laser target is installed in the through hole of the top walking board of the climbing formwork support and is used to receive the laser beam emitted by the laser plummet; The inclination measuring instrument is installed close to the center of the formwork on the four sides of the pier to measure the inclination of the formwork; The laser plumb line is installed at the plumb line control point and is used to emit a laser beam to calibrate the position of the template.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a tension screw rod for adjusting the template when the deviation value measured by the laser plumb line does not meet the requirements.

[0012] Furthermore, the laser plumb has a leveling function and can emit downward and upward laser beams.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: The construction method provided by the present invention has simpler construction operation. During the construction process, the deviation value and inclination deviation data are measured by measuring the laser plumb line at different heights of the pier body, thereby ensuring that the verticality of the high bridge pier meets the engineering design requirements. At the same time, since the inclination measuring instrument is arranged close to the large template, the verticality of the bridge pier is monitored in real time, so that dynamic adjustment can be achieved during the construction process. Compared with the traditional suspended hammer method and the method of combining a laser plumb line and a total station, the method of combining a laser plumb line and a inclination measuring instrument is less affected by objective factors such as wind force during measurement in the traditional method. When the total station is used for measurement, when observing large elevation difference corner points, the elevation angle is large, and multiple points need to be set. The operation technology is difficult and time-consuming. The method of combining a laser plumb line and a inclination measuring instrument of the present invention only needs to measure the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line and collect relevant data on the inclination measuring instrument. The verticality of the high pier can be controlled by comprehensive comparison. It is easy to operate, optimizes the measurement and construction method, and speeds up the construction progress.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, after the position of the pier corner point is determined, a total station is set up at each pier corner point to verify the position of each pier corner point. After the construction standard is met, the pier side line is popped up; by verifying the position of the pier corner point, any possible deviation can be discovered and corrected in time to ensure that the construction accuracy meets the design requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, after the point position is initially determined, a total station is set up to verify the plane positions of the eight plumb line control points; after the verification, protective caps are set on the plumb line control points to effectively prevent the control points from being accidentally damaged during subsequent construction.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 6, when aligning the point, the diameter of the light spot formed on the laser target is less than or equal to 1 mm; the laser plumb line is rotated arbitrarily for multiple times so that the deviation between the center of the light spot on the laser target and the mark position is less than or equal to 2 mm. If it does not meet the requirements, the point is re-centered; this can reduce edge effects and improve work efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 7, when measuring the deviation value L of the laser plumb line, the laser target plane and the tape measure are placed in the same horizontal plane; the distance from the four inner edge vertices of each template to the laser beam is measured; if the deviation value measured by the laser plumb line at one point exceeds the set threshold, the template is adjusted and remeasured; the laser target plane and the tape measure are placed in the same horizontal plane to ensure that the readings of the laser beam and the tape measure are on the same reference plane during the measurement process, thereby avoiding measurement errors caused by height differences or tilts. By measuring the deviation value of the laser plumb line, the offset of the template in the vertical direction can be known, and the template position can be adjusted in time according to the offset to ensure the accuracy of the template position.

[0018] A construction device for controlling the verticality of high piers, including a climbing formwork support, a laser target, an inclinometer, a laser plumb and a total station for verifying the positions of the center point of the pier and the four corner points of the piers laid out on the top surface of the pier. The laser beam emitted by the laser plumb has high precision and stability, ensuring the accurate measurement of the verticality of the piers. The use of the inclinometer further improves the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. By verifying the measurement results of the two instruments, the error can be minimized. The real-time measurement function of the inclinometer enables construction personnel to promptly detect and adjust the inclination of the template, thereby improving construction efficiency. Through the coordinated use of the laser target, the inclinometer and the laser plumb, it can be ensured that the piers maintain verticality during the construction process, avoiding construction quality problems caused by verticality deviation. This coordinated use method also makes adjustments during the construction process more timely and accurate, further ensuring construction quality and safety.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a tension screw, which is used to adjust the template when the deviation value measured by the laser plumb meter does not meet the requirements. The construction personnel can quickly fine-tune the steel template through the tension screw to ensure the accuracy of the template position. The tension screw can also enhance the stability of the steel template to a certain extent. By tightening the tension screw, the side pressure that may be generated by the template during the concrete pouring process can be effectively resisted, the template can be prevented from deformation or displacement, and the quality and safety of concrete pouring can be ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout points of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control points of the plumb line instrument of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the inclination measuring instrument of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Abutment; 2. Center point of pier; 3. Corner point of pier; 4. Pier; 5. Plumb line control point; 6. Climbing formwork support; 7. Formwork; 8. Laser target; 9. Top-level walking board; 10. Inclinometer; 11. Laser plumb line; 12. Laser beam; 13. Tension screw; 14. Binding steel bars. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be another element centered thereon. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be another element centered thereon at the same time. The terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. used herein indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0026] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier, using a method combining a laser plummet and an inclination measuring instrument to monitor the verticality of the pier, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Locate the key points of the pier body construction. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the center point 2 of the pier and the four corner points 3 of the pier are set out on the top surface of the completed foundation 1. The above points are checked with a total station. After they meet the standards, cement nails are driven into the four corner points 3 of the pier, and the edge line of the pier 4 is popped out with an ink line. In order to reduce the influence of wind load and temperature difference on the verticality and axis of the pier body, the pier body is set out in the early morning (6:00-7:00 in the morning) when the sunlight intensity is low.

[0027] Step 2: Determine the plumb line control point. Figure 2 As shown, the four pier corner points 3 are offset outward along the plane of the pier 4 longitudinally and transversely by a preset distance, which is 50 cm in this embodiment, to obtain eight plumb line control points 5. A submachine drill is used to drill holes at the eight plumb line control points 5, and steel bars are driven into the holes and anchored. The measuring points are marked on the steel bar heads, and the point diameter on the steel bar heads shall not be greater than 1 mm. The plane positions of the eight plumb line control points 5 are reviewed using a total station. After the positions of the plumb line control points 5 meet the construction standards, protective caps are set on the eight plumb line control points 5 to avoid damage to the plumb line control points during the construction process, so as to avoid damage to the plumb line control points 5 during the construction process, which affects the construction accuracy.

[0028] Step 3: Install the climbing formwork support. Due to the use of climbing formwork construction technology, the first section of the pier body concrete construction is constructed with full-height support. After the installation of the binding steel bars 14 is completed and the formwork 7 is assembled, the eight vertices of the formwork 7 are checked with a total station. After the construction standards are met, the pier body concrete is poured. When the strength of the first section of the pier body concrete reaches the specified strength, Figure 3 As shown, a climbing formwork support 6 is installed. The design height of each segment pier is 4.5 m, and the climbing formwork is constructed using a large formwork 7, which is connected by a tension screw 13 and is a steel formwork.

[0029] Step 4: Install the laser target. Cut eight 20cm×20cm square holes at the corresponding positions of the control points 5 on each layer of the climbing formwork support 6, and install the laser target 8 in the square hole of the top layer of the walking board 9. The distance between the center of the square hole and the inner edge of the template is equal to the preset distance, that is, 50cm.

[0030] Step 5: Calibration and installation of the inclinometer. Place the inclinometer 10 close to the ruler and calibrate the inclinometer 10. If it meets the requirements, Figure 4 As shown, it is closely installed at the center of the template 7 on the four sides of the pier.

[0031] Step 6: Align the laser plumb line point. Install the laser plumb line 11 at the eight plumb line control points 5 respectively, and level the laser plumb line 11. Turn on the button to emit the laser beam downward to center the plumb line control point 5; turn off the downward emission button, emit the laser beam 12 upward, adjust the focal length of the objective lens, so that the laser beam forms a light spot on the laser target 8, and the diameter of the laser spot shall not be greater than 1mm, and mark the position of the light spot. Rotate the laser plumb line 11 horizontally at will, and observe whether the deviation between the center of the light spot on the laser target 8 and the marked position exceeds 2mm for multiple times. If it does not meet the requirements, re-level the laser plumb line 11 until it meets the requirements, and then proceed to the next step.

[0032] When aligning the control point 5 of the plumb line, the diameter of the light spot formed on the laser target shall not be greater than 1mm; the laser plumb line should be rotated arbitrarily for multiple times, and the deviation between the center of the light spot on the laser target and the marked position shall not exceed 2mm. If it does not meet the requirements, the point alignment needs to be re-performed.

[0033] Step 7: Measure the deviation between the laser beam and the pier body. On the top pedestrian walkway 9, pull the steel tape measure from the corner of the template 7 along the extension line of the inner edge of the template, measure the distance from the inner edge of the pier body steel template to the laser beam 12 in turn and record it. The deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line = measured value - 50cm. If the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line does not meet the requirements, adjust the tension screw 13, level the template 7, and then measure again until the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line meets the requirements of the current specifications, and then proceed to the next step.

[0034] Preferably, when measuring the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line, the laser target plane and the tape measure should be in the same horizontal plane; a steel template should measure the distance from the four inner edge vertices to the laser beam. If the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line at one point exceeds the standard, the template 7 needs to be adjusted and re-measured until the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line is within the standard.

[0035] Step 8: Collecting inclination meter data. Collect the inclination of the measuring point on the inclination meter 10 and check it with the measurement result of the laser plumb line 11. After the inclination measurement result is consistent with the plumb line measurement result and both meet the construction standards, reinforce the template 7.

[0036] If the inclination measurement result is inconsistent with the plumb line measurement result, the template 7 is adjusted and the process returns to step 7 until the inclination measurement result is consistent with the plumb line measurement result and both meet the construction standard.

[0037] Step 9: Pour the pier body concrete. When the concrete strength after curing reaches the strength specified in the specification, lift the climbing formwork support 6 through the hydraulic climbing formwork system, re-level the formwork 7, and repeat steps 7 and 8 until the pier 4 is constructed to the designed height.

[0038] When pouring the pier body concrete, the construction operation shall be strictly controlled and the vibrator shall not touch the formwork 7.

[0039] Example 2 A construction device for controlling the verticality of a high pier, comprising: The total station 14 is used to check the positions of the bridge pier center point 2 and the four bridge pier corner points 3 set out on the top surface of the cap 1; A climbing formwork support 6, used to support the formwork during the construction of the pier 4; The laser target 8 is installed in the through hole of the top walking board 9 of the climbing formwork support 6, and is used to receive the laser beam 12 emitted by the laser vertical collimator 11; The inclination measuring instrument 10 is installed closely at the center of the steel formwork on the four sides of the pier 4 and is used to measure the inclination of the steel formwork; The laser plumb line 11 is installed at the plumb line control point 5, and is used to emit a laser beam 12 to calibrate the position of the steel template. The laser plumb line 11 has a leveling function and can emit a laser beam 12 downward and upward.

[0040] The tension screw 13 is used to adjust the steel template when the deviation value measured by the laser plumb meter 11 does not meet the requirements.

[0041] The term "consisting of" describing a combination shall include the identified elements, ingredients, parts or steps and other elements, ingredients, parts or steps that do not substantially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe a combination of elements, ingredients, parts or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of these elements, ingredients, parts or steps. By using the term "may", it is intended to illustrate that any of the attributes described that "may" be included are optional.

[0042] Multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, ingredient, part or step can be divided into separate multiple elements, ingredients, parts or steps. The disclosure "one" or "an" used to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

[0043] It should be understood that the above description is for illustration and not for limitation. Many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but rather with reference to the foregoing claims and the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. For the purpose of comprehensiveness, all articles and references, including disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the foregoing claims is not intended to be a waiver of such subject matter, nor should it be considered that the applicant has not considered such subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

Claims

1. A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Loft out the pier center point (2) and four pier corner points (3) on the top surface of the cap (1), and pop out the edge line of the pier body based on the positions of the pier corner points (3); Step 2: Each pier corner point (3) is offset outward by a preset distance along the longitudinal and transverse directions of the pier body to obtain eight plumb line control points (5), steel bars are driven into and anchored at the plumb line control points, and measuring points are marked on the steel bar heads; Step 3: Use a full-height bracket to complete the pouring of the first section concrete on the top surface of the pedestal (1). After the concrete strength of the first section pier reaches the construction standard, install the climbing formwork bracket (6); Step 4: eight through holes are cut on each layer of the walking board of the climbing formwork support (6), and the laser target (8) is installed in the through holes on the top layer of the walking board (9); the distance between the center position of the through hole and the longitudinal and transverse inner edges of the template is equal to the preset distance; Step 5: Install the inclinometer (10) closely at the center of the template (7) on the four sides of the pier (4); Step 6: Install a laser plumb line instrument (11) at the plumb line instrument control point (5), and after centering the plumb line instrument control point (5), emit a laser beam upward to form a light spot on the laser target (8) and mark it; Step 7: On the top pedestrian walkway (9), pull a steel tape measure from the corner of the template (7) along the extension line of the inner edge of the template, measure the distance from the inner edge of the template (7) to the laser beam (12) in turn and record it, and adjust the template (7) according to the measurement results; Step 8: Collect the inclination of the measuring point on the inclination measuring instrument (10) and check it with the measurement result of the laser plumb line instrument (11); after the inclination measurement result is consistent with the measurement result of the plumb line instrument and both meet the construction standards, reinforce the formwork (7); Step 9: Cast the pier body. When the curing strength of the pier body reaches the specified strength, lift the climbing formwork support (6), readjust the formwork (7), and repeat steps 7 and 8 until the pier construction is completed.

2. A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, after the position of the pier corner point (3) is determined, a total station is set up at each pier corner point (3) to check the position of each pier corner point (3). After the construction standard is met, the pier side line is popped out.

3. A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, after the positions of the plumb line control points (5) are initially determined, a total station is set up to verify the plane positions of the eight plumb line control points (5); after the verification is passed, protective caps are set on the plumb line control points (5).

4. A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset distance is 0.5m.

5. A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the distance between the center position of the through hole and the inner edge of the template 7 is a preset distance.

6. A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, when the plumb line control point (5) is being aligned, a light spot with a diameter of less than or equal to 1 mm is formed on the laser target (8); the laser plumb line (11) is rotated arbitrarily for a plurality of times so that the deviation between the center of the light spot on the laser target (8) and the marked position is less than or equal to 2 mm. If the requirement is not met, the point alignment is performed again.

7. A construction method for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 7, when measuring the deviation value L measured by the laser plumb line, the laser target plane and the measuring tape are placed in the same horizontal plane; the distance from the four inner edge vertex positions of each template (7) to the laser beam (12) is measured; if the deviation value measured by the laser plumb line at one point exceeds a set threshold, the template is adjusted and the measurement is repeated.

8. A construction device for controlling the verticality of a high pier, characterized in that: include: A total station (14) is used to check the positions of the bridge pier center point (2) and four bridge pier corner points (3) set out on the top surface of the cap (1); A climbing formwork support (6) is used to support the formwork during the construction of the bridge pier (4); A laser target (8) is installed in a through hole of a top-level walking board (9) of a climbing formwork support (6) and is used to receive a laser beam (12) emitted by a laser plummet (11); An inclination measuring instrument (10) is installed closely at the center of the template (7) on four sides of the pier (4) to measure the inclination of the template (7); A laser plumb line instrument (11) is installed at the plumb line instrument control point (5) and is used to emit a laser beam (12) to calibrate the position of the template (7).

9. A construction device for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a tension screw rod (13) for adjusting the template (7) when the deviation value measured by the laser plumb line instrument (11) does not meet the requirements.

10. A construction device for controlling the verticality of a high pier according to claim 9, characterized in that: The laser plumb instrument (11) has a leveling function and is capable of emitting downward and upward laser beams (12).

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