Erosion gully treatment method for closure and gully filling

Abstract

The invention relates to an erosion gully treatment method for closure and gully filling, and relates to the technical field of erosion gully treatment. Comprising the following steps: digging a closure ditch along a contour line relative to a flat high land in a water inflow area of an erosion ditch at the upper part of the slope cropland, cutting off water flow, and draining the water flow into a river channel after the water flow converges into a roadside drainage ditch; the roadside drainage ditches need to be subjected to anti-scouring building protection, and reservoirs are arranged along the way as required to serve as water sources for production activities; and carrying out landfill treatment on the intercepting ditch formed on the slope surface of the slope cropland after the intercepting ditch measure is set, and recovering the slope cropland into the cropland. According to the method, the damaged cultivated land can be recovered, and the cultivated land which is originally cut off by the erosion gully is connected again.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of erosion gully management, in particular to an erosion gully management method of intercepting and filling gullies. Background Art

[0002] Erosion gullies are an important form of soil erosion because they can bring about major soil erosion disasters, causing a large amount of soil loss, and even causing siltation of rivers and reservoirs. In severe cases, they can cause disasters such as mudslides, endangering the lives and property of the people. Conventional control measures are to use engineering measures and plant measures at the gully head, gully slope, and gully bottom to control its erosion trend and achieve the purpose of curbing soil erosion. This is a last resort. Under this control method, the erosion gullies in cultivated land will permanently become forest land and other land.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a method for gully management that can restore destroyed farmland and reconnect the farmland originally divided by the gully has become a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one technical problem in the background technology, the present invention provides a method for controlling gully erosion by intercepting and filling the gully, which can restore the destroyed farmland and reconnect the farmland originally divided by the gully erosion.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, in the upper part of the sloping cultivated land, in the water-inflow area of ​​the erosion gully, dig an interception ditch along the contour line relative to the flat highland to intercept the water flow, and the water flow will be discharged into the river after it merges into the roadside drainage ditch;

[0007] S2, roadside drainage ditches, where needed, reservoirs are laid out along the way as water sources for production activities;

[0008] S3: For sloping farmland with interception ditches installed, the interception ditches formed on the slope will be filled in and restored to farmland.

[0009] Furthermore, the roadside drainage ditch is protected by masonry, and the masonry structure adopts dry-laid gabions, mortar-laid stones, concrete or prefabricated water troughs.

[0010] Further, the construction method of dry-laid gabion is as follows:

[0011] The baseline is determined by taking the midpoint of the width of the roadside drainage ditch as the center, using a protractor to measure the angle, extending the lines on both sides of the central angle, and the intersection with the slope of the roadside drainage ditch as the end point of the arc-shaped valley. The distance from the center point to the end point is the radius, and an arc is drawn with the center point as the center. This arc is the baseline of the arc-shaped valley.

[0012] The midpoint is determined by taking the intersection of the line between the midpoints of the two end points of the arc and the central angle and the arc as the midpoint of the masonry structure;

[0013] Five-point stake setting, then stake at the midpoint of the baseline, the two end points, and the midpoint between the two baseline midpoints and the end points, a total of five points, to ensure that the baseline does not shift during construction;

[0014] Clear the foundation: Clear the weathered layer near the baseline and chisel 10cm below the bedrock surface to prevent rocks from sliding down;

[0015] Construction of masonry retaining structure: standard wire cage or wire cage in the form of Reynolds pad can be used as standard parts, laid in the cleaned drainage ditch, filled with stones, and laid from the midpoint to the two end points according to the arc, from bottom to top. The stones are arranged in a staggered manner. The overall height of the masonry retaining structure is 1 to 3m, the bottom width is 0.85 to 2m, and the top width is 0.3 to 0.5m.

[0016] Furthermore, during the construction of the masonry structure, the particles with a diameter of 5 to 25 cm, a strength grade of not less than MU30, and a specific gravity of not less than 2.5 t / m 3 For stone masonry, the surrounding walls and the ground must be flat when filling, and the porosity should not exceed 30%.

[0017] Furthermore, the slopes and water flow velocities of different ditch sections in the roadside drainage ditch are measured, and the ditch sections are marked according to the slopes and water flow velocities. The ditch sections with a slope ≤0.3% are marked as the first ditch sections; the ditch sections with a slope >0.3% and a water flow velocity ≥2m / s are marked as the second ditch sections; and the ditch sections with a slope >0.3% and a water flow velocity <2m / s are marked as the third ditch sections.

[0018] Furthermore, there are two situations for landfilling the intercepting ditch:

[0019] The interception ditch is a shallow ditch with a depth of ≤2m, and is directly filled with earth;

[0020] The intercepting ditch is a deep ditch with a depth of >2m, and is filled with straw.

[0021] Furthermore, the soil thickness of the sloping farmland near the interception ditch is detected to achieve thickness regulation of the area with uneven soil thickness on the sloping farmland:

[0022] When the maximum elevation difference between the detection points is less than the minimum value of the soil layer thickness measured at each detection point, the soil layer thickness reconstruction and land leveling are carried out directly when filling the ditch with earth. The soil layer thickness ranges from 30 to 75 cm. When the maximum elevation difference between the detection points is greater than the minimum value of the soil layer thickness measured at each detection point, the topsoil must be stripped off and placed separately under the principle of excavation and filling balance.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The present invention can not only solve the problem of soil erosion in erosion gullies on sloping farmland, but also restore the erosion gullies to farmland to the greatest extent possible, fundamentally solving the source problem causing gully scour, restoring the farmland occupied by the erosion gullies, and effectively increasing the area of ​​arable land. It is an important measure to protect black soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention before erosion gully treatment;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the erosion gully after treatment according to the present invention.

[0027] Among them, in the figure: 1-sloping farmland; 2-intercepting ditch; 3-roadside drainage ditch; 4-river channel; 5-farmland shelterbelt; 6-farmland road; 7-masonry structure; 8-erosion ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0031] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In addition, the terms "installed", "set", "provided with", "connected", "connected", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] To achieve the above purpose, Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a method for controlling erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies, comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1, in the upper part of the sloping cultivated land 1, in the water area of ​​the erosion ditch 8, an interception ditch 2 is excavated along the contour line relative to the flat highland to intercept the water flow, and the water flow is discharged into the roadside drainage ditch 3 and then into the river 4;

[0035] S2, roadside drainage ditch 3. As needed, reservoirs are laid out along the way as water sources for production activities;

[0036] S3, the sloping farmland 1 where the interception ditch 2 is set up is landfilled with the interception ditch 2 formed on the slope surface to restore it to farmland.

[0037] To further optimize the technical solution, the present invention can lay out the intercepting ditch 2 in combination with the farmland shelterbelt 5 and / or the farmland road 6.

[0038] To further optimize the technical solution, the roadside drainage ditch is protected by masonry, and the masonry protection structure 7 adopts dry-laid gabions, mortar-laid stones, concrete or prefabricated water troughs.

[0039] To further optimize the technical solution, the construction method of dry-laid gabions is as follows: the baseline is determined by taking the midpoint of the width of the roadside drainage ditch as the center, using a protractor to measure the angle, extending the lines on both sides of the central angle, and the intersection with the slope of the roadside drainage ditch as the endpoint of the arc-shaped valley, taking the distance from the center point to the endpoint as the radius, and drawing an arc with the center point as the center. This arc is the baseline of the arc-shaped valley; the midpoint is determined by taking the intersection of the line between the midpoints of the two end points of the arc and the central angle and the arc as the midpoint of the masonry structure; five-point stakes are set, and then at the midpoint and both ends of the baseline, the arc is drawn. The endpoints and the midpoints of the two baselines and the midpoints of the endpoints are staked at five points, so that the baseline does not shift during construction; clear the foundation: clear the weathered layer near the baseline, and chisel 10cm below the bedrock surface to prevent stones from sliding down; build the masonry structure: standard wire cages or wire cages in the form of Reno pads can be used as standard parts, laid in the cleaned drainage ditch, filled with stones, and laid from the midpoint to the two end points according to the arc, from bottom to top, with stones arranged in a staggered manner. The overall height of the masonry structure is 1 to 5m, the bottom width is 0.85 to 2m, and the top width is 0.3 to 0.5m. Masonry protection of roadside drainage ditches can avoid or reduce the current erosion of the ditch walls by torrents, which can be promoted and applied in the management of erosion gullies in black soil ecologically fragile areas, solving the prominent problem that both sides of roadside drainage ditches are easily eroded.

[0040] To further optimize the technical solution, during the construction of the masonry structure, the particles with a diameter of 5 to 25 cm, a strength grade of not less than MU30, and a specific gravity of not less than 2.5t / m3 are loaded layer by layer from bottom to top. 3 When filling the stone masonry, it is necessary to ensure that the surrounding walls and the ground are flat, and the porosity is not more than 30%. The friction coefficient between adjacent cages is high, and the overall stability is good; the porous structure can dissipate part of the impact force of the water flow, and the impact resistance is better than that of stone masonry of the same volume or weight; the construction is simple and fast, with high safety, which can save the transportation cost of materials such as sand, gravel, and concrete, and reduce the project cost by about 20% to 40%, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly protecting the ditch bank and the protection target. The present invention has the characteristics of fast construction, good impact resistance and good terrain adaptability, and can use local materials, thereby significantly reducing construction costs and quickly mitigating the threat of debris flows to loose ditch banks and ditch side protection objects. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for emergency rescue and safe flood control of high-frequency debris flows with loose accumulated slopes and ditch side protection objects.

[0041] To further optimize the technical solution, measure the slope and water flow rate of different sections in the roadside drainage ditch, and mark the ditch sections according to the slope and water flow rate. Mark the ditch section with a slope ≤0.3% as the first ditch section; mark the ditch section with a slope >0.3% and a water flow rate ≥2m / s as the second ditch section; mark the ditch section with a slope >0.3% and a water flow rate <2m / s as the third ditch section.

[0042] Further optimize the technical scheme, and divide the landfill treatment of interception ditch into two situations: if the interception ditch is a shallow ditch with a depth of ≤2m, earthwork is directly used to fill the ditch; if the interception ditch is a deep ditch with a depth of >2m, the ditch is filled with straw stalks. The total length of the ditch should be mainly within 300m. The soil thickness of the sloping cultivated land near the interception ditch is detected to achieve thickness control in areas with uneven soil thickness of the sloping cultivated land: when the maximum elevation difference between each detection point is less than the minimum value of the soil thickness of each detection point measured, the soil thickness reconstruction and land leveling are directly carried out when the earthwork is filled in the ditch, and the soil thickness range is 30-75cm; when the maximum elevation difference between each detection point is greater than the minimum value of the soil thickness of each detection point measured, the topsoil needs to be stripped and concentrated separately under the principle of excavation and filling balance. The method of centralized placement is: increase the soil thickness according to the design, and then backfill the stripped topsoil after the filling is completed to keep the soil quality of the cultivated layer unchanged. When backfilling the soil, in order to ensure the structural stability of the soil and the fertilizer and water retention characteristics of the soil layer, the soil layer thickness should be not less than 60cm, and the bulk density of each layer of soil should be reasonably controlled to construct an excellent soil layer structure that is loose on the top and tight on the bottom.

[0043] The present invention first conducts a general survey of the ditch soil, and then fills the intercepting ditch according to the soil profile structure, thereby improving the quality of ditch cultivated land, realizing the joint management of surface water, mid-soil flow and groundwater, forming a comprehensive water and soil resource regulation engineering model, building high-standard farmland, and efficiently utilizing the technical system, realizing the coordinated development of the original ecological environment construction and the economic and social development, and providing a new idea for the comprehensive management of water and soil resources in sloping cultivated land.

[0044] The present invention can not only solve the problem of soil erosion in erosion gullies on sloping farmland, but also restore the erosion gullies to farmland to the greatest extent possible, fundamentally solving the source problem causing gully scour, restoring the farmland occupied by the erosion gullies, and effectively increasing the area of ​​arable land. It is an important measure to protect black soil.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any slight modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, in the upper part of the sloping cultivated land, in the water-inflow area of ​​the erosion gully, dig an interception ditch along the contour line relative to the flat highland to intercept the water flow, and the water flow will be discharged into the river after it merges into the roadside drainage ditch; S2. Roadside drainage ditches should be protected from scouring, and reservoirs should be laid out along the way as needed to serve as water sources for production activities; S3: For sloping farmland with interception ditches installed, the interception ditches formed on the slope will be filled in and restored to farmland.

2. The method for controlling gully erosion by intercepting and filling gullies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roadside drainage ditch is protected by masonry, and the protection structure is made of dry-laid gabions, mortar-laid stones, concrete or prefabricated water troughs.

3. The method for treating erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The construction method of dry-laid gabion is as follows: The baseline is determined by taking the midpoint of the width of the roadside drainage ditch as the center, using a protractor to measure the angle, extending the lines on both sides of the central angle, and the intersection with the slope of the roadside drainage ditch as the end point of the arc-shaped valley. The distance from the center point to the end point is the radius, and an arc is drawn with the center point as the center. This arc is the baseline of the arc-shaped valley. The midpoint is determined by taking the intersection of the line between the midpoints of the two end points of the arc and the central angle and the arc as the midpoint of the masonry structure; Five-point stake setting, then stake at the midpoint of the baseline, the two end points, and the midpoint between the two baseline midpoints and the end points, a total of five points, to ensure that the baseline does not shift during construction; Clear the foundation: Clear the weathered layer near the baseline and chisel 10cm below the bedrock surface to prevent rocks from sliding down; Construction of masonry retaining structure: standard wire cage or wire cage in the form of Reynolds pad can be used as standard parts, laid in the cleaned drainage ditch, filled with stones, and filled from the midpoint to the two end points according to the arc, from bottom to top. The stones are arranged in a staggered manner. The overall height of the masonry retaining structure is 1 to 5m, the bottom width is 0.85 to 2m, and the top width is 0.3 to 0.5m.

4. The method for treating erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the construction of the masonry structure, the particles with a diameter of 5 to 25 cm, a strength grade of not less than MU30, and a specific gravity of not less than 2.5t / m3 are loaded layer by layer from bottom to top. 3 For stone masonry, the surrounding walls and the ground must be flat when filling, and the porosity should not exceed 30%.

5. The method for treating erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies according to claim 4, characterized in that: Measure the slope and water flow rate of different sections in the roadside drainage ditch, and mark the ditch sections according to the slope and water flow rate. Mark the ditch section with a slope ≤0.3% as the first ditch section; mark the ditch section with a slope >0.3% and a water flow rate ≥2m / s as the second ditch section; mark the ditch section with a slope >0.3% and a water flow rate <2m / s as the third ditch section.

6. The method for treating erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two situations for landfilling interception ditches: The interception ditch is a shallow ditch with a depth of ≤2m, and is directly filled with earth; The intercepting ditch is a deep ditch with a depth of >2m, and is filled with straw.

7. The method for treating erosion gullies by intercepting and filling gullies according to claim 6, characterized in that: Detect the soil thickness of the sloping farmland near the interception ditch to achieve thickness control in areas with uneven soil thickness on the sloping farmland: When the maximum elevation difference between the detection points is less than the minimum value of the soil layer thickness measured at each detection point, the soil layer thickness reconstruction and land leveling are carried out directly when filling the ditch with earth. The soil layer thickness ranges from 30 to 75 cm. When the maximum elevation difference between the detection points is greater than the minimum value of the soil layer thickness measured at each detection point, the topsoil must be stripped off and placed separately under the principle of excavation and filling balance.

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