Fishway structure, water level control method and system

Abstract

The present application discloses a fishway structure, a water level control method and a system. The fishway structure is applied to the fish migration on the downstream side of a dam body. On the side of the dam body close to the downstream water area, a first bearing part and a second bearing part are provided. The first bearing part is arranged above the second bearing part and forms a stepped structure with the second bearing part. The fishway structure includes a fishway body and a fishway auxiliary component. The fishway body forms a fishway opening at the first bearing part. The fishway auxiliary component is arranged on the second bearing part and is provided with a water trough near the first bearing part. An inlet for fish is provided on the side of the water trough close to the downstream water area. At the same time, the water trough is configured to store water during the dry season and assist fish to migrate through the fishway opening. Furthermore, it not only ensures that fish can enter the water trough through the inlet for fish during the dry season and enter the fishway through the water trough to achieve migration, but also does not need to re-transform the entire fishway in all directions, shortens the transformation period of the fishway, and reduces the cost of fishway transformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water conservancy technologies, and in particular to a fishway structure, a water level control method and system. Background Art

[0002] A fishway is an artificial water trough for fish to migrate through a sluice or dam, mainly used to help fish cross artificial or natural obstacles, provide a safe migration channel for fish, and help them overcome obstacles such as dams and levees, thereby maintaining the balance of the river ecosystem.

[0003] Currently, the construction cost of fishways is huge, and once built, it is difficult to retrofit them subsequently. At the same time, due to diverse climate changes and unreasonable pre - design and other factors, there will be a drop - water situation at the inlet of the fishway during the dry season, resulting in fish being unable to migrate through the fishway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, this application provides a fishway structure, a water level control method and system, which can not only avoid a full - scale retrofit of the fishway, but also ensure that fish can migrate smoothly through the fishway during the dry season.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a fishway structure, which is applied to the fish migration on the downstream side of a dam body. On one side of the dam body close to the downstream water area, there are a first bearing part and a second bearing part. The first bearing part is arranged above the second bearing part and forms a stepped structure with the second bearing part; the fishway structure includes:

[0006] A fishway body, forming a fishway inlet at the first bearing part;

[0007] A fishway auxiliary component, arranged on the second bearing part and provided with a water trough near the first bearing part. An inlet for fish is arranged on one side of the water trough close to the downstream water area;

[0008] Among them, the water trough is configured to store water during the dry season and assist fish to migrate through the fishway inlet.

[0009] Further, in the fishway structure provided by this application, the fishway auxiliary component includes at least one partition;

[0010] The partition is provided with an outlet and arranged in the water trough. The partition is configured to divide the water trough into a first water pool and a second water pool; the second water pool is arranged on the side of the first water pool far from the fishway inlet.

[0011] Even further, in the fishway structure provided by this application, the inlet for fish is arranged on one side of the second water pool close to the downstream water area.

[0012] Even further, in the fishway structure provided by this application, the water storage depth of the first water pool is higher than that of the second water pool.

[0013] Furthermore, in the fishway structure provided by the present application, the fishway auxiliary component includes at least two partition members;

[0014] Wherein, both of the two partition members are provided with water outlets and are both arranged in the water tank, and the two partition members are configured to divide the water tank into a first water pool, a second water pool and a third water pool;

[0015] The third water pool is arranged between the first water pool and the second water pool. The water storage depth of the first water pool is not lower than that of the third water pool, and the water storage depth of the third water pool is higher than that of the second water pool.

[0016] Furthermore, in the fishway structure provided by the present application, at least one of the first water pool, the second water pool and the third water pool is provided with a water level detector.

[0017] Furthermore, in the fishway structure provided by the present application, the partition member is a liftable partition member.

[0018] Further, in the fishway structure provided by the present application, a water baffle is arranged at the fishway entrance, and the water baffle is configured to divert the water flow on the upstream side of the dam body into the water tank.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a water level control method, which is applied to the fishway structure provided in the first aspect. The method includes:

[0020] Detect the water level of a target area in the water tank to obtain the water storage depth of the target area;

[0021] If the water storage depth of the target area is lower than a preset first depth, control the target area to release the sluice to discharge the stored water in the target area.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a water level control system, which includes a controller configured to execute the water level control method provided in the second aspect.

[0023] The fishway structure provided by this application is applied to the fish migration on the downstream side of the dam body. On one side of the dam body close to the downstream water area, there are a first bearing part and a second bearing part. The first bearing part is arranged above the second bearing part and forms a stepped structure with the second bearing part. The fishway structure includes a fishway body and a fishway auxiliary component. The fishway body forms a fishway entrance at the first bearing part. The fishway auxiliary component is arranged on the second bearing part and is provided with a water trough near the first bearing part. An inlet for fish is arranged on the side of the water trough close to the downstream water area. At the same time, the water trough is configured to store water during the dry season and assist fish to migrate through the fishway entrance. Thus, it not only ensures that fish can enter the water trough through the inlet for fish during the dry season and enter the fishway through the water trough to achieve migration, but also does not require a full-scale transformation of the entire fishway, greatly shortening the transformation period of the fishway and reducing the cost of fishway transformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of this application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the fishway structure provided by the embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic flow chart of the water level control method provided by the embodiment of this application.

[0027] REFERENCE SIGNS:

[0028] 10, dam body; 110, first bearing part; 120, second bearing part; 130, slope; 20, fishway body; 210, fishway entrance; 220, drainage member; 30, fishway auxiliary component; 310, water trough; 311, first pool; 312, second pool, 313, third pool; 320, inlet for fish; 330, isolation member; 331, outlet; 40, water retaining plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0030] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations.

[0031] It should also be understood that the terms used in this application specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. As used in this application specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0032] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in this application specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0033] In addition, in this application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited in the embodiments, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled", and "fixed" and the like appearing in the embodiments should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated, and can be understood as a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc.; of course, it can also be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be the communication inside two elements, or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific implementation situations.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic diagram of the fishway structure provided by the embodiment of this application. As Figure 1 shown, this application provides a fishway structure, which is applied to the fish migration on the downstream side of the dam body 10. On one side of the dam body 10 close to the downstream water area, there are a first bearing part 110 and a second bearing part 120. The first bearing part 110 is arranged above the second bearing part 120 and forms a stepped structure with the second bearing part 120; the fishway structure includes:

[0035] A fishway body 20, forming a fishway entrance 210 at the first bearing part 110;

[0036] A fishway auxiliary component 30, arranged on the second bearing part 120 and provided with a water trough 310 near the first bearing part 110. An inlet 320 for fish is provided on one side of the water trough 310 close to the downstream water area;

[0037] wherein, the water trough 310 is configured to store water during the dry season and assist fish to migrate through the fishway entrance 210.

[0038] In this application, the dam body 10 is a key structure in water conservancy projects, which is used to intercept water flow, form a reservoir or regulate water level, and play various roles such as flood control, power generation, and irrigation. On the side of the dam body 10 close to the downstream, there is a first bearing part 110, and the original fishway forms a fishway entrance 210 at the first bearing part 110. At the same time, the fishway body 20 mentioned in this application can be understood as the original fishway on the dam body 10.

[0039] Specifically, during the non-dry season, fish in the downstream can migrate upstream to the dam body 10 through the fishway entrance 210. At the same time, in this application, a diversion member 220 can also be provided at the fishway entrance 210, that is, at the first bearing part 110, so as to change the direction and speed of the water flow, make the water flow more stable and orderly, form a flow state and hydrodynamic conditions suitable for fish migration, and help fish enter the fishway more easily. Among them, the diversion member 220 can be made of precast cement components.

[0040] In this embodiment, a second bearing part 120 is also provided on the side of the dam body 10 close to the downstream. The second bearing part 120 is adjacent to the first bearing part 110 and forms a stepped structure, that is, the first bearing part 110 is arranged above the second bearing part 120, and at the same time, a slope 130 is provided above the second bearing part 120. In order to prevent fish from being unable to migrate through the fishway during the dry season, a fishway auxiliary component 30 can be provided on the second bearing part 120. The fishway auxiliary component 30 can store water during the dry season. At the same time, an inlet 320 for fish is provided on the side of the fishway auxiliary component 30 close to the downstream water area. Then, during the dry season, fish can enter the water storage tank of the fishway auxiliary component 30, that is, the water tank 310, through the inlet 320 for fish, and can stay and gather in the fishway auxiliary component 30, and at the same time, with the help of the fishway auxiliary component 30, migrate into the fishway through the fishway entrance 210.

[0041] Among them, the height of the inlet 320 for fish can be flush with the first bearing part 110, or slightly higher than the first bearing part 110. At the same time, the height of the inlet 320 for fish can also be flush with the second bearing part 120. The design of the inlet 320 for fish can be selected according to actual applications, and this application does not make specific limitations.

[0042] For example, when there is only one water storage area in the auxiliary component, at this time, the height of the inlet 320 for fish can be flush with the first bearing part 110, or slightly higher than the first bearing part 110, so as to ensure that during the dry season, the water level in the auxiliary component is higher than the first bearing part 110, so as to ensure that the fish in the water storage area can enter the fishway through the fishway entrance 210 for migration.

[0043] For another example, when there are two water storage areas in the auxiliary component, it can be understood as the first water pool 311 and the second water pool 312 mentioned in the present application. At this time, the fish inlet 320 is arranged on the second water pool 312. The water level height of the first water pool 311 is higher than that of the first bearing part 110. The water level of the second water pool 312 can be 0 or not 0. When the water level of the second water pool 312 is 0, the fish inlet 320 can be flush with the second bearing part 120; if it is not 0, the fish inlet 320 can be higher than the second bearing part 120 and lower than the first bearing part 110.

[0044] The fishway structure provided by the present application is applied to the fish migration on the downstream side of the dam body 10. On the side of the dam body 10 close to the downstream water area, there are a first bearing part 110 and a second bearing part 120. The first bearing part 110 is arranged above the second bearing part 120 and forms a stepped structure with the second bearing part 120; the fishway structure includes a fishway body 20 and a fishway auxiliary component 30. The fishway body 20 forms a fishway opening 210 at the first bearing part 110. The fishway auxiliary component 30 is arranged on the second bearing part 120 and is provided with a water tank 310 near the first bearing part 110. A fish inlet 320 is arranged on the side of the water tank 310 close to the downstream water area. At the same time, the water tank 310 is configured to store water during the dry season and assist fish to migrate through the fishway opening 210. Furthermore, it not only ensures that fish can enter the water tank 310 through the fish inlet 320 during the dry season and enter the fishway through the water tank 310 to achieve migration, but also does not need to re-transform the entire fishway in all directions, greatly shortening the transformation period of the fishway and reducing the cost of fishway transformation at the same time.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fishway auxiliary component 30 includes at least one partition 330; the partition 330 is provided with a water outlet 331 and is arranged in the water tank 310. The partition 330 is configured to divide the water tank 310 into a first water pool 311 and a second water pool 312; the second water pool 312 is arranged on the side of the first water pool 311 away from the fishway opening 210.

[0046] In this embodiment, the partition 330 can divide the water tank 310 in the tutoring auxiliary component into a first water pool 311 and a second water pool 312. Both the first water pool 311 and the second water pool 312 can be configured to store water. The partition 330 is provided with a water outlet 331. The second water pool 312 is arranged on the side of the first water pool 311 away from the fishway opening 210. The fish in the second water pool 312 can enter the first water pool 311 through the water outlet 331 and migrate into the fishway at the first water pool 311.

[0047] Furthermore, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fish inlet 320 is arranged on the side of the second water pool 312 close to the downstream water area.

[0048] In this embodiment, one side of the first water tank 311 close to the fish inlet 210 can be the side wall of the first bearing part 110. At the same time, on the side of the first water tank 311 close to the downstream water area, there is no need to set a fish inlet 320. Only a fish inlet 320 needs to be set at the second water tank 312. Then, fish can enter the second water tank 312 through the fish inlet 320, and in the second water tank 312, they can enter the first water tank 311 through the water outlet 331 of the isolation member 330, and finally enter the fishway through the first water tank 311.

[0049] It should be noted that the first water tank 311 can be provided with a fish inlet 320 or not. It can be selected according to actual applications, and the present application does not make specific limitations. At the same time, the number and size of the fish inlets 320 can be selected according to actual applications.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the water storage depth of the first water tank 311 is higher than that of the second water tank 312.

[0051] In this embodiment, the water storage depth can be understood as the water level in the water tank. By setting the water storage depth of the first water tank 311 to be higher than that of the second water tank 312, the present application can ensure that the water flowing into the fishway can smoothly flow into the downstream through the first water tank 311 and the second water tank 312, thereby slowing down the water flow rate.

[0052] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the fishway auxiliary component 30 includes at least two isolation members 330; among them, both of the two isolation members 330 are provided with water outlets 331 and are both arranged in the water tank 310. The two isolation members 330 are configured to divide the water tank 310 into a first water tank 311, a second water tank 312, and a third water tank 313; the third water tank 313 is arranged between the first water tank 311 and the second water tank 312. The water storage depth of the first water tank 311 is not lower than that of the third water tank 313, and the water storage depth of the third water tank 313 is higher than that of the second water tank 312.

[0053] In this embodiment, the water tank 310 in the fishway auxiliary component 30 can be isolated by two isolation members 330 to divide the water tank 310 into three water tanks, namely the first water tank 311, the second water tank 312, and the third water tank 313. The third water tank 313 is arranged between the first water tank 311 and the second water tank 312. At the same time, water outlets 331 can be arranged on both of the two isolation members 330. The heights of the two water outlets 331 can be gradually decreased. At the same time, the two water outlets 331 need to be offset, that is, one water outlet 331 can be located on the left side of the corresponding isolation member 330, and the other water outlet 331 can be located on the right side of the corresponding isolation member 330. Thereby, the water flow rate can be slowed down.

[0054] It should be noted that the present application can also be provided with more than two isolation members 330. The water outlets 331 of the isolation members 330 can be alternately arranged in sequence, and the heights can be gradually reduced. The number of the isolation members 330 can be selected according to actual applications, and the present application does not make specific limitations.

[0055] It should also be noted that each pool formed by the water tank 310 can be separately made of cement. After being made according to requirements, they can be spliced to form the water tank 310 mentioned in the present application. At the same time, the isolation member 330 can also be made of cement. After separating the pools, it can allow seepage, but it is necessary to ensure that there is no large amount of water leakage.

[0056] Exemplarily, four pools can be provided in the water tank 310, namely a first pool 311, a second pool 312 and two third pools 313. The water storage depth of the first pool 311 can be 1.7 meters, the water storage depth of the third pool 313 close to the first pool 311 can be 1.4 meters, the water storage depth of the third pool 313 close to the second pool 312 can be 1.1 meters, and the water storage depth of the second pool 312 can be 0.8 meters.

[0057] In some embodiments, at least one of the first pool 311, the second pool 312 and the third pool 313 is provided with a water level detector.

[0058] Specifically, at least one of the first pool 311, the second pool 312 and the third pool 313 mentioned in the present application can be provided with a water level detector to facilitate predicting the water level in each pool in advance, so as to be able to make corresponding decisions in time to avoid the death of fish staying in each pool briefly due to the water level drop.

[0059] In some embodiments, the isolation member 330 is a liftable isolation member 330.

[0060] In this embodiment, the isolation member 330 can be lifted and lowered in the water tank 310. Furthermore, after the water level in each pool is lowered, the pool can be drained in time to avoid the fish in the water tank 310 staying in the water tank 310 for a long time when they cannot migrate. Among them, the lifting of the isolation member 330 can be designed according to the lifting principle of a sluice gate.

[0061] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, a water baffle 40 is provided at the fish passage opening 210, and the water baffle 40 is configured to divert the water flow on the upstream side of the dam body 10 into the water tank 310.

[0062] In this embodiment, the main function of the water baffle 40 is to divert the water flow in the fishway body 20 into the water tank 310 of the fishway auxiliary component 30, so that the fish in the water tank 310 can smoothly enter the fishway through the fishway entrance 210.

[0063] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the present application also provides a water level control method, which is applied to the fishway structure provided by the present application. The method includes steps S110 and S120.

[0064] S110. Detect the water level of the target area in the water tank 310 to obtain the water storage depth of the target area;

[0065] S120. If the water storage depth of the target area is lower than the preset first depth, control the target area to release the sluice to discharge the water stored in the target area.

[0066] In this embodiment, the target area can be understood as any one of the first water tank 311, the second water tank 312, and the third water tank 313 mentioned in the present application. The water level detection of the target area can be realized by a water level detector. Specifically, in the process of detecting the water levels of the water tanks in the water tank 310, the water levels of the water tanks can be detected simultaneously.

[0067] Generally, in the dry season, the water levels upstream and downstream will both decrease to varying degrees, and the flow velocity of the water flowing into the water tank 310 from upstream will also decrease. Since the fish inlet 320 is set lower than the first bearing part 110, there may be a situation where fish cannot smoothly enter the fishway through the water tank 310 at this time. To prevent fish from staying in the water tank 310 for a long time, the stored water in the water tank 310 can be discharged in advance to prevent fish from staying in the water tank 310 for a long time.

[0068] In one embodiment, assuming that the water tank 310 is divided into a first water tank 311 and a second water tank 312, the fish inlet 320 at the second water tank 312 can be flush with the second bearing part 120. If it is necessary to discharge the stored water in the water tank 310 in the dry season, at this time, the second water tank 312 usually will not store water due to the decrease in the downstream water level, and only the first water tank 311 stores water. At this time, the isolation member 330 can be raised to discharge the stored water in the first water tank 311.

[0069] In one embodiment, assuming that the water tank 310 is partitioned into a first water pool 311, a second water pool 312, and a third water pool 313, the fish inlet 320 at the second water pool 312 can be flush with the second bearing portion 120. The third water pool 313 can be provided between the first water pool 311 and the second water pool 312. During the dry season, the water level of the third water pool 313 can be detected in advance. When the water level of the third water pool 313 drops to a certain water level, such as a preset first water level, the isolation member 330 between the third water pool 313 and the second water pool 312 can be opened first to discharge the stored water in the third water pool 313 into the downstream water area. After that, if it is detected that the water level of the first water pool 311 is lower than the preset second water level, it can be determined at this time that the fish in the first water pool 311 cannot enter the fishway. Therefore, the isolation member 330 between the first water pool 311 and the third water pool 313 can be opened to discharge the stored water in the first water pool 311 into the downstream water area.

[0070] In addition, the present application can also detect the water flow velocity at the fishway inlet 210. When it is detected that the water flow velocity at the fishway inlet 210 drops to within a preset flow velocity range and lasts for a preset time, it can be determined at this time that the water level in the upstream water area has continuously dropped, and fish cannot migrate within the preset flow velocity range. To prevent the fish in the water tank 310 from staying in the water tank 310 for a long time, the stored water in the water tank 310 can be directly discharged completely so that the fish staying in the water tank 310 can return to the downstream water area again. Among them, the water flow velocity at the fishway inlet 210 can be measured by a flow velocity meter.

[0071] In some embodiments, the present application also provides a water level control system, which includes a controller configured to execute the water level control method provided by the present application.

[0072] In this embodiment, the controller can receive the water level signal of the target area in the water tank 310 and the flow velocity signal at the fishway inlet 210, and can send a control instruction based on the water level signal and the flow velocity signal to control the lifting of the isolation member 330.

[0073] As described above, the above are only the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of various equivalent modifications or substitutions, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fishway structure, characterized in that, Applied to the fish migration on the downstream side of the dam body (10), a first bearing part (110) and a second bearing part (120) are provided on one side of the dam body (10) close to the downstream water area. The first bearing part (110) is arranged above the second bearing part (120) and forms a stepped structure with the second bearing part (120); The fishway structure includes: A fishway body (20) forms a fishway entrance (210) at the first bearing part (110); The fishway body (20) is the original fishway on the dam body (10); During non-dry seasons, downstream fish directly migrate upstream of the dam body (10) through the fishway body (20); A water retaining plate (40) is provided at the fishway entrance (210), and the water retaining plate (40) is configured to divert the water flow on the upstream side of the dam body (10) into the water tank (310), and a diversion member (220) is arranged at the first bearing part (110); A fishway auxiliary component (30) is arranged on the second bearing part (120), and a water tank (310) is provided near the first bearing part (110). An fish inlet (320) is provided on one side of the water tank (310) close to the downstream water area; Wherein, the water tank (310) is configured to store water during dry seasons and assist fish to migrate through the fishway entrance (210).

2. The fishway structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fishway auxiliary component (30) includes at least one partition member (330); The partition member (330) is provided with a water outlet (331) and is arranged in the water tank (310). The partition member (330) is configured to divide the water tank (310) into a first water pool (311) and a second water pool (312); The second water pool (312) is arranged on the side of the first water pool (311) away from the fishway entrance (210).

3. The fishway structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fish inlet (320) is arranged on one side of the second water pool (312) close to the downstream water area.

4. The fishway structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water storage depth of the first water pool (311) is higher than that of the second water pool (312).

5. The fishway structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fishway auxiliary component (30) includes at least two partition members (330); Wherein, both of the two partition members (330) are provided with the water outlet (331) and are arranged in the water tank (310). The two partition members (330) are configured to divide the water tank (310) into the first water pool (311), the second water pool (312) and a third water pool (313); The third water pool (313) is arranged between the first water pool (311) and the second water pool (312). The water storage depth of the first water pool (311) is not lower than that of the third water pool (313), and the water storage depth of the third water pool (313) is higher than that of the second water pool (312).

6. The fishway structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, At least one of the first water pool (311), the second water pool (312) and the third water pool (313) is provided with a water level detector.

7. The fishway structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The partition member (330) is a liftable partition member (330).

8. A water level control method, characterized in that, Applied to the fishway structure according to any one of claims 1-7, the method includes: Detect the water level of the target area in the water tank (310) to obtain the water storage depth of the target area; If the water storage depth of the target area is lower than a preset first depth, control the target area to release the sluice to discharge the water stored in the target area.

9. A water level control system, characterized in that, It includes a controller, and the controller is configured to execute the water level control method described in claim 8.

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