Building external wall thermal insulation waterproof structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building heat preservation, in particular to a building outer wall heat preservation waterproof structure. The heat-preservation wall comprises a heat-preservation assembly, an outer edge assembly and a waterproof assembly, the heat-preservation assembly is fixed to the outer side of the wall and comprises a plurality of heat-preservation modules which are stacked, the outer edge assembly is arranged at the top of the heat-preservation assembly, and the waterproof assembly is fixed to the outer side of the heat-preservation assembly; the heat preservation module comprises a supporting frame and two heat preservation plates, the two heat preservation plates are arranged in the supporting frame, and an elastic assembly is arranged between the two heat preservation plates. Through the elastic assemblies, the heat preservation plate can be tightly attached to the wall plate and the protection plate. By means of the attaching mode, the contact area of the heat preservation plate and the wall face is increased, heat bridges are effectively reduced, and the heat preservation effect is improved. The special shape and the mounting position of the waterproof plate can guide rainwater to slide down quickly, and the outer edge plate covers the waterproof plate and the vertical protection plate to further prevent rainwater permeation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building thermal insulation, and in particular to a thermal insulation and waterproof structure for a building exterior wall. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of building exterior walls, thermal insulation and waterproofing are two crucial aspects. Good thermal insulation performance can effectively reduce the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the building, reduce energy consumption, and improve the comfort of the indoor environment; while reliable waterproofing performance can prevent rainwater and other external moisture from penetrating into the wall, avoiding a series of problems such as mold, corrosion, and structural damage caused by moisture on the wall, thereby extending the service life of the building.

[0003] However, the existing building exterior wall insulation and waterproof structure has many shortcomings. On the one hand, the insulation layer and the wall have poor adhesion. In the actual construction process, since the flatness of the wall surface is difficult to achieve absolutely ideal, traditional insulation materials and installation methods are prone to hollowing and gaps between the insulation layer and the wall. These defects will not only affect the insulation effect of the insulation layer, form thermal bridges, and increase energy loss, but may also cause the insulation layer to fall off during long-term use, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] The design of the waterproof structure is not perfect. Conventional waterproof measures are often difficult to effectively cope with complex and changeable climate conditions and the deformation of the building itself. Rainwater may penetrate into the wall through the gap between the insulation layer and the wall, the joints of the waterproof structure, and the fine cracks on the wall surface. During the construction process of the existing thermal insulation and waterproof structure, the connection and installation methods between the components are not reasonable, resulting in complex construction processes and low construction efficiency. This not only increases the construction cost, but also may affect the thermal insulation and waterproofing effects due to the difficulty in ensuring the construction quality.

[0005] Therefore, developing a building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure that can effectively solve the above problems has important practical significance and application value. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems and provide a building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure comprises a structural main body, wherein the structural main body comprises an insulation component, an outer edge component, and a waterproof component, wherein the insulation component is fixed to the outside of the wall, the insulation component comprises a plurality of insulation modules, and the plurality of insulation modules are stacked, the outer edge component is arranged on the top of the insulation component, the waterproof component is fixed to the outside of the insulation component, the insulation component comprises an insulation module, the insulation module comprises a support frame and two insulation boards, the two insulation boards are arranged in the support frame, and an elastic component is arranged between the two insulation boards.

[0008] As an improvement, the elastic component includes two fixed plates, the outer sides of the fixed plates are close to the insulation plates, the inner sides of the fixed plates are provided with slide rails, two connecting rods are cross-arranged between the two slide rails, the two connecting rods are rotatably connected, and a spring is provided between the two fixed plates.

[0009] As an improvement, two sliders are provided on the slide rail, both ends of the connecting rod are rotatably connected to the sliders, a connecting joint is provided between the two connecting rods, through screw holes are provided on the connecting rod and the connecting joint, fixing bolts are provided on the screw holes, and the springs are arranged at the four corners of the fixing plate.

[0010] As an improvement, the support frame is provided with an opening, the insulation board is sleeved on the opening, the length of the fixing board is equal to the length of the opening, and the width and height of the fixing board are equal to the height of the support frame.

[0011] As an improvement, the support frame is provided with a through hole penetrating from the top to the bottom, and the outer side and the inner side of the support frame are provided with fixing holes.

[0012] As an improvement, the upper and lower adjacent through holes are provided with penetrating steel bars, the upper and lower adjacent insulation modules are fixed by the steel bars, and the fixing holes are provided with fixing bolts.

[0013] As an improvement, the structural body also includes a protective component, which includes a vertical protective plate and a top protective plate. The top protective plate is fixed to the top of the uppermost insulation module, and the top protective plate is fixed to the insulation module through steel bars. The vertical protective plate is fixed to the outside of the insulation module, and the vertical protective plate and the wall are fixed to the insulation module through fixing bolts.

[0014] As an improvement, the outer edge component includes an outer edge plate, the outer edge plate is fixed to the top of the top protective plate, and the outer edge plate is hollowed out inside.

[0015] As an improvement, the waterproof assembly includes a waterproof board, which is fixed on the outside of the vertical protective board. The width of the waterproof board gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and the outer edge plate covers the waterproof board and the vertical protective board.

[0016] As an improvement, sealing fillers are provided at the junctions of the thermal insulation component, the outer edge component, the waterproof component and the protective component.

[0017] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The elastic components of the present invention enable the insulation board to fit tightly with the wallboard and the protective plate. Due to the unevenness of the wall surface, the elastic components in each insulation module can be adjusted to different degrees according to the actual situation. This fitting method increases the contact area between the insulation board and the wall surface, effectively reduces the generation of thermal bridges, and improves the insulation effect.

[0019] 2. The special shape and installation position of the waterproof board of the present invention can guide rainwater to slide down quickly, and the outer edge plate covers the waterproof board and the vertical protective plate to further prevent rainwater from penetrating.

[0020] 3. The insulation module of the present invention adopts modular design, which is quality-controlled and easy to transport. At the construction site, the insulation module can be quickly installed and connected through steel bars and fixing bolts, and the construction process is simple and convenient, shortening the construction period. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the insulation component in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the insulation module in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the insulation module in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the elastic component in Example 1.

[0026] The symbols in the figure are:

[0027] 1. Main structure; 2. Insulation module; 3. Support frame; 4. Insulation board; 5. Elastic component; 6. Fixed plate; 7. Slide rail; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Spring; 10. Slider; 11. Connecting joint; 12. Fixing bolt; 13. Opening; 14. Through hole; 15. Fixing hole; 16. Reinforcement bar; 17. Fixing bolt; 18. Vertical protective plate; 19. Top protective plate; 20. Outer edge plate; 21. Hollowing; 22. Waterproof board; 21. Wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the invented product is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means at least 2.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The present invention is described in detail and specifically by specific examples below to provide a better understanding of the present invention, but the following examples do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This embodiment discloses a building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment includes a structural body 1, which includes an insulation component, an outer edge component, and a waterproof component. The insulation component is fixed to the outside of the wall 21, and the insulation component includes a plurality of insulation modules 2. The plurality of insulation modules 2 are stacked, and the outer edge component is arranged on the top of the insulation component. The waterproof component is fixed to the outside of the insulation component. The insulation component includes the insulation module 2, and the insulation module 2 includes a support frame 3 and two insulation boards 4. The two insulation boards 4 are arranged in the support frame 3, and an elastic component 5 is arranged between the two insulation boards 4.

[0037] The insulation component undertakes the key function of exterior wall insulation and is fixed on the outside of the wall 21. By reducing the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the building, it can achieve energy saving and improve indoor comfort. The insulation component is composed of a plurality of insulation modules 2 stacked together. This modular design facilitates construction and later maintenance. For example, in a high-rise building exterior wall insulation project, this modular insulation component is used. The construction team can flexibly adjust the number and installation position of the insulation module 2 according to the floor height and wall area, which greatly improves the construction efficiency. Module structure: Each insulation module 2 includes a support frame 3, two insulation boards 4 and an elastic component 5. The support frame 3 provides structural support for the entire module to ensure the stability of the module; the insulation board 4 is the core component for realizing the insulation function, and materials with low thermal conductivity are selected, such as polystyrene board, rock wool board, etc.; the elastic component 5 can make the insulation board 4 better fit the uneven wall surface. Taking the renovation project of old residential areas as an example, many building walls 21 have uneven surfaces. The elastic component 5 can make the insulation board 4 adapt to the wall surface conditions, effectively reduce the generation of thermal bridges, and improve the insulation effect. The outer edge component protects the thermal insulation component and the waterproof component.

[0038] The main function of the waterproof component is to prevent rainwater from penetrating into the wall 21. The design of the waterproof board 22 gradually decreasing in width from top to bottom is conducive to the rapid sliding of rainwater and reducing the time that rainwater stays on the surface. The outer edge plate 20 covers the waterproof board 22 and the vertical protective plate 18, further enhancing the waterproof effect. For example, in coastal areas, buildings are often attacked by typhoons and heavy rains. This multi-layered waterproof system can effectively resist heavy rainfall and ensure that the inside of the wall 21 is dry.

[0039] The elastic component 5 includes two fixed plates 6, the outer side of the fixed plate 6 is close to the insulation plate 4, the inner side of the fixed plate 6 is provided with a slide rail 7, two connecting rods 8 are cross-arranged between the two slide rails 7, the two connecting rods 8 are rotatably connected, and a spring 9 is provided between the two fixed plates 6.

[0040] Two sliders 10 are provided on the slide rail 7, and both ends of the connecting rod 8 are rotatably connected to the sliders 10. A connecting joint 11 is provided between the two connecting rods 8. Penetrating screw holes are provided on the connecting rod 8 and the connecting joint 11, and fixing bolts 12 are provided on the screw holes. Springs 9 are arranged at the four corners of the fixing plate 6.

[0041] There are two fixed plates 6, which play a key role in connection and support. The outer side is closely fitted with the insulation board 4, providing a stable support foundation for the insulation board 4, ensuring that the insulation board 4 can remain stable under various conditions; the inner side is provided with a slide rail 7 to provide a motion track for other components. The slide rail 7 is installed on the inner side of the fixed plate 6, and a specific space is formed between the two slide rails 7 for installing the cross connecting rod 8. The slider 10 is arranged on the slide rail 7, and the two ends of the connecting rod 8 are rotatably connected with the slider 10, so that the connecting rod 8 can move flexibly on the slide rail 7 through the slider 10, thereby changing its own position and angle. The two connecting rods 8 are cross-arranged between the two slide rails 7 and are rotatably connected to each other, which enables the connecting rod 8 to change its relative position and angle according to the external force. The connecting section 11 is located between the two connecting rods 8, and it and the connecting rod 8 are provided with through screw holes. This design allows the position of the connecting rod 8 to be fine-tuned by the fixing bolt 12, so as to adjust the overall elasticity and supporting force of the elastic component 5.

[0042] Adaptive wall fitting: When the insulation module 2 is installed on the exterior wall, if there is an unevenness in the wall, such as local protrusions or depressions, the insulation board 4 will be subjected to uneven pressure from the wall. At this time, the fixed plate 6 connected to the insulation board 4 will move under force. Since the slider 10 on the inner side of the fixed plate 6 can slide on the slide rail 7, the connecting rod 8 will change its angle as the slider 10 moves. The cross-set and rotatably connected connecting rods 8 cooperate with each other to drive the other fixed plate 6 to make corresponding movements. At the same time, the springs 9 at the four corners of the fixed plate 6 will be compressed or stretched according to the force conditions. For example, at the protrusion of the wall, the spring 9 is compressed to provide a buffering force so that the insulation board 4 fits tightly to the protruding part of the wall; at the concave part of the wall, the spring 9 stretches to push the insulation board 4 to fill the concave area, thereby achieving adaptive and tight fit between the insulation board 4 and the uneven wall.

[0043] Elastic adjustment and fixation: During the installation process, the relative position of the connecting rod 8 and the connecting joint 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the fixing bolts 12. If it is necessary to enhance the elasticity of the elastic component 5, the fixing bolts 12 can be loosened appropriately to allow the connecting rod 8 to rotate and move more freely within a certain range, thereby increasing the retractable space of the spring 9; if the elastic component 5 is to be more stable, the fixing bolts 12 can be tightened to limit the range of movement of the connecting rod 8, allowing the spring 9 to provide a more stable supporting force. This design ensures that the elastic component 5 can be flexibly adjusted according to the wall conditions, and can also ensure the stability of the entire insulation module 2 after installation.

[0044] The support frame 3 is provided with an opening 13 , and the heat preservation board 4 is sleeved on the opening 13 . The length of the fixing board 6 is equal to the length of the opening 13 , and the width and height of the fixing board 6 are equal to the height of the support frame 3 .

[0045] A through hole 14 is formed on the support frame 3 and runs through from the top to the bottom. Fixing holes 15 are formed on the outer side and the inner side of the support frame 3 .

[0046] A reinforcing bar 16 is provided through each of the upper and lower adjacent through holes 14 , and the upper and lower adjacent thermal insulation modules 2 are fixed by the reinforcing bar 16 . A fixing bolt 17 is provided on the fixing hole 15 .

[0047] The insulation board 4 is sleeved on the opening 13. This sleeve connection method can make the insulation board 4 firmly installed in the support frame 3, ensure that the position of the insulation board 4 in the support frame 3 is fixed, avoid displacement or shaking during use, and thus ensure the stability of the insulation effect. For example, in actual installation, the insulation board 4 can be tightly embedded in the opening 13, and some sealing materials can be used to fill the gap between the two to further enhance the insulation effect.

[0048] The length of the fixing plate 6 is equal to the length of the opening 13, and the width and height are equal to the height of the support frame 3. This precise size adaptation design enables the fixing plate 6 to be completely fitted inside the support frame 3 at the position where it contacts the insulation board 4. On the one hand, the fixing plate 6 provides inner support for the insulation board 4, and on the other hand, due to its size adaptation to the support frame 3, it can form a stable structure inside the support frame 3, and cooperate with the elastic component 5 to play a better role.

[0049] The through holes 14 are mainly used for connecting the upper and lower adjacent insulation modules 2. During the construction process, the steel bars 16 are passed through the through holes 14 of the upper and lower adjacent insulation modules 2, so that the multiple insulation modules 2 can be firmly connected into a whole in the vertical direction. This connection method enhances the structural stability of the insulation assembly and ensures that the insulation modules 2 will not be dislocated or fall off due to external forces (such as wind force, building settlement, etc.) during the long-term use of the building.

[0050] The fixing holes 15 on the outside and inside of the support frame 3 are used to fix the insulation module 2 on the wall 21 and connect with other related components (such as protective components). The fixing bolts 17 pass through these fixing holes 15 to firmly fix the insulation module 2 on the wall 21 to prevent the insulation module 2 from shifting in the horizontal direction. At the same time, when installing other structures such as protective components, the fixing holes 15 can also play a connecting role, so that the entire building exterior wall insulation and waterproof structure forms a tightly integrated whole, and jointly play the functions of insulation, waterproofing and protection.

[0051] The main structure 1 also includes a protective component, which includes a vertical protective plate 18 and a top protective plate 19. The top protective plate 19 is fixed to the top of the uppermost insulation module 2. The top protective plate 19 is fixed to the insulation module 2 through a steel bar 16. The vertical protective plate 18 is fixed to the outside of the insulation module 2. The vertical protective plate 18 and the wall 21 are fixed to the insulation module 2 through a fixing bolt 17.

[0052] The steel bar 16 passes through the corresponding positions of the top protective plate 19 and the insulation module 2. This connection method enables the top protective plate 19 to stably cover the insulation module 2 to protect it from wind and rain and avoid direct erosion of the insulation module 2, especially the top area, by the external environment.

[0053] The fixing bolt 17 passes through the vertical protective plate 18, the insulation module 2 and the fixing hole 15 reserved in the wall 21, and firmly locks the three. This installation method enables the vertical protective plate 18 to fit tightly against the side of the insulation module 2, wrapping the insulation module 2 in all directions to provide side protection for it. In daily use, the vertical protective plate 18 can resist the wear and tear of the insulation module 2 caused by wind, sand, dust, etc., and at the same time prevent damage to the insulation module 2 caused by external force collision to a certain extent.

[0054] The top protective plate 19 and the vertical protective plate 18 can block ultraviolet rays from irradiating the thermal insulation material, slowing down the aging rate of the thermal insulation material. Thermal insulation materials that are exposed to sunlight for a long time are prone to become brittle and cracked due to the erosion of ultraviolet rays. The presence of the protective plate can greatly reduce the occurrence of this situation. The protective plate can also prevent rainwater, snow water, etc. from directly contacting the thermal insulation material, avoiding the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material being reduced due to moisture. While protecting the thermal insulation component, the protective assembly also enhances the stability of the entire structural body 1. The top protective plate 19 and the vertical protective plate 18 are tightly connected to the thermal insulation module 2 and the wall 21, making the thermal insulation and waterproof structure more stable in both the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0055] The outer edge assembly includes an outer edge plate 20 , which is fixed on the top of the top protective plate 19 , and a hollow 21 is provided inside the outer edge plate 20 .

[0056] The hollow 21-inch design inside the outer edge component can enhance drainage and ventilation performance. In buildings in rainy areas in the south, this design of the outer edge component can quickly drain water from the roof, prevent water from eroding the insulation and waterproof structure, and extend the service life of the structure.

[0057] The waterproof assembly includes a waterproof board 22 , which is fixed on the outside of the vertical protective board 18 . The width of the waterproof board 22 gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and the outer edge plate 20 covers the waterproof board 22 and the vertical protective board 18 .

[0058] The unique shape of the waterproof board 22, which gradually decreases in width from top to bottom, is designed based on fluid mechanics and waterproofing principles. This shape is conducive to the rapid sliding of rainwater under the action of gravity. When rainwater falls on the waterproof board 22, the wider top can receive more rainwater. As the rainwater flows downward, the gradually narrowing board body guides the rainwater to flow faster, reducing the time the rainwater stays on the surface of the waterproof board 22.

[0059] Covering function of the outer edge plate 20: The outer edge plate 20 covers the waterproof plate 22 and the vertical protective plate 18, further strengthening the waterproof effect. The outer edge plate 20 can not only prevent rainwater from penetrating from the junction of the waterproof plate 22 and the vertical protective plate 18, but also play a certain protective role on the waterproof plate 22. For example, in a strong wind environment, the outer edge plate 20 can reduce the impact of wind and rain on the connection between the waterproof plate 22 and the vertical protective plate 18, and prevent the formation of gaps at the connection due to external forces, thereby ensuring the integrity and reliability of the waterproof structure.

[0060] Sealing fillers are provided at the joints of the thermal insulation component, the outer edge component, the waterproof component and the protective component.

[0061] Sealing fillers are filled in these joints to isolate external substances. They have good flexibility and adhesion, and can adapt to the slight displacement between different components caused by temperature changes, building settlement and other factors, and always maintain a sealed state. For example, in areas with large temperature changes, the components of the building's exterior wall will deform to a certain extent due to thermal expansion and contraction. The sealing fillers can deform accordingly without cracking or falling off, continuously and effectively preventing the penetration of rainwater and air, and ensuring the normal operation of the entire building's exterior wall insulation and waterproof structure.

[0062] The sealing structure adopts a combination of silicone sealant and rubber sealing strip. Silicone sealant has good bonding performance and weather resistance, and can fill the gaps at the joints to form a sealing barrier. The rubber sealing strip has high elasticity and waterproof performance, and is installed on the outside of the joints to further enhance the sealing effect.

[0063] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the present invention is not equivalent to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modifications and substitutions made to the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the equalization changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a structural body (1), wherein the structural body (1) comprises a heat preservation component, an outer edge component and a waterproof component, wherein the heat preservation component is fixed on the outside of a wall (21), wherein the heat preservation component comprises a plurality of heat preservation modules (2), wherein the plurality of heat preservation modules (2) are stacked, wherein the outer edge component is arranged on the top of the heat preservation component, wherein the waterproof component is fixed on the outside of the heat preservation component, wherein the heat preservation component comprises a heat preservation module (2), wherein the heat preservation module (2) comprises a support frame (3) and two heat preservation boards (4), wherein the two heat preservation boards (4) are arranged in the support frame (3), and an elastic component (5) is arranged between the two heat preservation boards (4).

2. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (5) comprises two fixed plates (6), the outer sides of the fixed plates (6) are in close contact with the insulation plate (4), the inner sides of the fixed plates (6) are provided with slide rails (7), two connecting rods (8) are cross-arranged between the two slide rails (7), the two connecting rods (8) are rotatably connected, and a spring (9) is provided between the two fixed plates (6).

3. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sliders (10) are provided on the slide rail (7), the two ends of the connecting rod (8) are rotatably connected to the sliders (10), a connecting joint (11) is provided between the two connecting rods (8), screw holes are provided through the connecting rod (8) and the connecting joint (11), and fixing bolts (12) are provided on the screw holes, and the springs (9) are arranged at the four corners of the fixing plate (6).

4. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support frame (3) is provided with an opening (13), the heat-insulating plate (4) is sleeved on the opening (13), the length of the fixing plate (6) is equal to the length of the opening (13), and the width and height of the fixing plate (6) are equal to the height of the support frame (3).

5. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support frame (3) is provided with a through hole (14) penetrating from the top to the bottom, and the outer side and the inner side of the support frame (3) are provided with fixing holes (15).

6. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower adjacent through holes (14) are provided with penetrating steel bars (16), the upper and lower adjacent thermal insulation modules (2) are fixed by means of the steel bars (16), and the fixing holes (15) are provided with fixing bolts (17).

7. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structural body (1) also includes a protection component, which includes a vertical protection plate (18) and a top protection plate (19), wherein the top protection plate (19) is fixed to the top of the uppermost insulation module (2), the top protection plate (19) is fixed to the insulation module (2) through a steel bar (16), the vertical protection plate (18) is fixed to the outside of the insulation module (2), and the vertical protection plate (18) and the wall (21) are fixed to the insulation module (2) through a fixing bolt (17).

8. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer edge component comprises an outer edge plate (20), the outer edge plate (20) is fixed on the top of the top protective plate (19), and a hollow (21) is provided inside the outer edge plate (20).

9. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The waterproof assembly comprises a waterproof board (22), wherein the waterproof board (22) is fixed on the outside of the vertical protective board (18), the width of the waterproof board (22) gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and the outer edge plate (20) covers the waterproof board (22) and the vertical protective board (18).

10. A building exterior wall thermal insulation and waterproof structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: Sealing fillers are provided at the junctions of the heat-insulating component, the outer edge component, the waterproof component and the protective component.

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