Outgoing line vertical shaft slip form lining construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses an outgoing line shaft slip-form lining construction method, which belongs to the field of building construction, and comprises the following steps: construction preparation, completion of survey lofting of a shaft construction area, power supply, arrangement of a water supply and communication system, and slip-form manufacturing, installation and debugging. A lifting frame, a supporting frame, a vertical back ridge, a hydraulic jack, a supporting rod, a material distribution platform, a central rotary material distribution mechanism and a chute device are sequentially installed, and debugging and sliding and lifting testing of a hydraulic system are completed; slip form sliding and lifting and concrete pouring are conducted, construction is conducted in the three stages of initial sliding, normal sliding and lifting and sliding and lifting completion, and the concrete quality is ensured through layered pouring and accurate vibration; the construction precision of the slip form is controlled, deviation is monitored in real time through a laser swinger, a limiting and leveling device and a vertical monitoring system, and deviation correction measures are taken when the deviation exceeds 1.5 cm; and the sliding formwork is dismantled, specifically, the formwork is dismantled step by step after sliding formwork construction is completed. By optimizing the construction process and accurately controlling the technology, the construction efficiency and the concrete quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of building construction, in particular to a slipform lining construction method for a lead-out shaft. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of modern water conservancy and hydropower projects, the shaft is an important channel for power transmission lines, and its construction quality and efficiency directly affect the progress and operation performance of the entire project. The shaft construction generally has the characteristics of large depth, narrow space, and complex functions. Conventional lining construction methods (such as rack construction) have long construction periods, low efficiency, and serious waste of templates and materials, and are difficult to meet the requirements of modern projects for high efficiency and high quality.

[0003] Slipform lining construction technology has gradually become an important method for shaft lining construction due to its advantages such as high degree of mechanization, fast construction efficiency and high resource utilization. Slipform construction completes the concrete pouring and forming of the shaft wall in a continuous sliding manner, which can avoid the problems of frequent formwork and dismantling in conventional construction, significantly shorten the construction period, and improve construction efficiency and economic benefits. However, slipform construction technology still faces many technical difficulties in practical applications, including the design and commissioning of the slipform device, the control of concrete deviation during the sliding process, the coordination of equipment operation, and the guarantee of construction accuracy. In addition, the occurrence of situations such as chute blockage, slipform deviation, and stop sliding during construction may lead to a decline in construction quality or an extension of the construction period, and even cause construction safety problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the traditional windproof anchoring scheme is complex in construction, high in cost and lacks flexibility, and is difficult to meet the use requirements of modern cranes under diverse working conditions, the present invention provides a crane windproof anchoring structure.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for constructing a slipform lining of a lead-out shaft comprises the following steps: Step 1: Construction preparation Survey and stake out and determine the location of the shaft construction area; Arrangement of power supply, water supply and communication systems; Prepare slipform construction equipment and concrete; Step 2: Sliding formwork production, installation and debugging: Install the lifting frame, support frame and vertical back ribs, and connect the formwork to the lifting frame; Install hydraulic jack and support rod; Install the material distribution platform, central rotating material distribution mechanism and chute device; Debug the hydraulic system, complete a trial lift of 10-20cm and adjust the equipment operating parameters; Step 3, slipform lifting and concrete pouring: Initial sliding stage: pour 3-5cm thick cement mortar, slide up 5-10cm, and observe the initial setting strength of the concrete; Normal sliding stage: Each sliding is 20-30mm, and concrete is poured in layers at the same time. The thickness of a single layer does not exceed 30cm, and it is vibrated and compacted; Completion of the sliding stage: When the sliding formwork approaches the designed elevation of 1m, slow down the sliding speed and accurately adjust the elevation and verticality; Step 4, Slipform Construction Accuracy Control: Real-time monitoring of sliding form horizontal and vertical deviations through laser leveling instrument, limit leveling device and vertical monitoring system; When the deviation is within 1 cm, it is gradually corrected by adjusting the sliding mode operation parameters; When the deviation exceeds 1.5cm, the sliding is suspended and correction measures are taken; Step 5, dismantling the slipform. After the slipform construction is completed, the formwork, support system and material distribution device are gradually dismantled.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention is that, in the completion stage of the sliding form lifting in step 3, the horizontal deviation of the sliding form is monitored in real time by a laser leveling instrument, and the lifting speed and elevation control parameters are adjusted.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that in the initial sliding stage of step 3, the following operations are also included: Pour the first layer of 3-5cm thick cement mortar; During the 5-10cm sliding process, observe the running status of the sliding form and the demoulding of the concrete; Adjust the sliding speed according to the initial setting strength of concrete.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that in step 3, the vibrating operation method is as follows: the vibrator shall not be inserted more than 50 mm into the lower concrete layer, and the vibrator shall not contact the formwork, steel bars or embedded parts; During the vibration process, observe that there are no obvious bubbles, sinking or stratification on the concrete surface; After the vibration is completed, stop sliding and continue construction after the concrete reaches the initial setting strength.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that in step 4, the following steps are included when adjusting the sliding mode operation parameters for gradual correction and deviation correction: When the slipform deviation is within 1 cm, corrections are made by adjusting the concrete distribution direction, distribution sequence and slipform lifting parameters; When the deviation exceeds 1.5cm, the sliding is stopped and the hydraulic jack is used to adjust the force direction of the sliding form to correct the deviation; When the sliding form has rotational deviation, it can be corrected by padding the base with wedge-shaped steel plates or using guide chains for reverse traction.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that in step 5, after the slipform is removed and the slipform construction is completed, the formwork, the support system and the material distribution device are gradually removed, specifically: Dismantle the concrete placing system, operating platform and safety protection devices step by step from top to bottom; Cut off the excess support rods and clean the concrete attached to the formwork surface; Use a crane to remove the slipform parts.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that after the slipform is removed, a wall surface finishing operation is also included. The finishing includes: using a trowel to flatten the wall surface with slurry; checking whether there are cracks or defects on the wall surface, and repairing the defects if found; and sprinkling water on the wall surface for maintenance after the finishing is completed.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that when the sliding mode stops sliding due to some reason during the sliding mode lifting stage, the present invention also includes the following processing steps: After stopping sliding, slide up 20-50mm every hour to prevent the formwork from bonding with the concrete; Before resuming work, the concrete surface of the stopped sliding area shall be roughened and cement mortar shall be poured first; Adjust the sliding form operation parameters to ensure that the sliding form resumes smooth sliding after resuming work.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that, in the sliding mode sliding stage, a method for treating a pipe blockage is also included, and the method for treating a pipe blockage comprises the following steps: Use a hammer to hit the slide pipe and determine the blockage location based on the sound feedback; Use vibration to unclog the blocked part. If the blockage cannot be unclogged, cut the blocked section to clean it. In case of severe blockage, replace the blocked section of the slide pipe.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that during the concrete curing process after the slipform construction is completed, a φ25mm PE hose is used to sprinkle water along the wall surface, the daily sprinkling time is not less than 6 hours, and the curing period is not less than 7 days.

[0015] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through the optimized design of slipform production and installation and commissioning, the slipform system can be quickly assembled before construction, and the stability and sliding efficiency of the equipment can be ensured through the trial operation of the hydraulic system. The continuous sliding technology is used in the process of slipform lifting and concrete pouring, which greatly reduces the time spent on frequent formwork and dismantling in traditional bent lining, significantly shortens the construction period, and significantly improves the construction efficiency.

[0016] The present invention sets up multiple precision control means during the construction process, including a laser leveler, a limit leveling device and a vertical monitoring system, which can monitor the horizontal and vertical deviations of the sliding form in real time. For the case where the deviation is less than 1cm, it can be corrected by adjusting the lifting speed and the order of laying; when the deviation exceeds 1.5cm, the lifting is suspended and the deviation is corrected by adjusting the direction of the sliding force of the sliding form or the guide chain traction to correct the deviation, ensuring that the construction accuracy meets the design requirements.

[0017] During the sliding formwork and concrete pouring process, it was specified that the thickness of each layer of concrete should not exceed 30cm, and the vibration operation was strictly regulated to avoid separation between concrete layers, residual bubbles or collapse, and to ensure the density and molding quality of the concrete structure. At the same time, cement mortar was poured in the initial sliding stage to ensure the initial bonding strength between the sliding formwork and concrete, further improving the construction stability.

[0018] In order to deal with the problem of skidding stopping due to some reasons during construction, the present invention proposes skidding stopping treatment measures, including sliding up 20-50mm every hour to prevent the template from bonding with concrete, and roughening the skidding stopping surface before resuming work to ensure the bonding quality of subsequent construction. In addition, in order to deal with the problem of pipe blockage, vibration dredging, cutting repair and replacement of pipe sections are provided to avoid construction interruption or quality problems caused by pipe blockage.

[0019] The present invention optimizes the steps of dismantling the sliding formwork, and ensures construction safety during the dismantling process by gradually dismantling the material distribution system, support device and sliding formwork components from top to bottom, and effectively reduces the dismantling time. At the same time, the surface of the template after dismantling is cleaned to avoid residual quality problems after the construction is completed.

[0020] By clarifying the concrete curing method and adopting the φ25mm PE hose watering curing method, with watering for no less than 6 hours a day and a curing cycle of no less than 7 days, the strength development and surface quality of the concrete are guaranteed, avoiding cracking or strength reduction caused by insufficient curing.

[0021] The present invention can adapt to the engineering requirements of shafts with large depths, narrow spaces and complex functions. The construction process has a high degree of mechanization and clear procedures, avoiding the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency in traditional rack lining methods, and providing effective technical support for water conservancy and hydropower projects and other similar shaft construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process structure of a specific implementation method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this specific embodiment. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0025] The invention discloses a slipform lining construction method for a line shaft. The slipform device of the line shaft mainly consists of a template system, a support adjustment system, an operating platform system, a hydraulic lifting and control system, a concrete feeding system, a central rotating concrete distribution system, a construction accuracy control system, etc.

[0026] The sliding formwork relies on the jack to climb the climbing rod in one direction to achieve displacement. When working, the climbing rod is fixed in the concrete, and the action of the jack is divided into two parts. The piston and the upper clamp body are the first group, and the cylinder, end cover, and lower clamp body are the second group. The two parts act alternately. The rising steps are as follows: when the jack is filled with oil, the upper clamp body of the first group is tightly clamped on the climbing rod and locked in the original position, and the second group is lifted by the oil pressure. The jack climbs up a certain stroke and drives the sliding formwork upward at the same time; when the oil is returned, the lower clamp body of the second group is tightly clamped on the climbing rod and locked, and one group is reset. Thus, the cycle rises step by step.

[0027] The jack is fixed on the lifting frame, which drives the formwork to slide along the surface of the newly formed concrete. The concrete is poured into the warehouse in layers. When the concrete in the lower layer of the formwork reaches a certain strength, the formwork relies on the lifting system and hydraulic system to lift and slide upward according to the limit. This operation is repeated in a continuous cycle until the concrete is poured to the designed height and the entire construction is completed.

[0028] Specifically, sliding form design and assembly The slipform device of the outlet shaft is mainly composed of the formwork system, support adjustment system, operating platform system, hydraulic lifting and control system, concrete unloading system, center rotating concrete distribution system, construction precision control system, etc.

[0029] 1. Template system The template uses 104 series large steel templates, the panel steel plate uses 4mm thick Q235 steel plate, the template design height is 1200mm, and each template after assembly has a large upper opening and a small lower opening to facilitate lifting. The draft angle is 0.2% to 0.3%. All internal angle templates and straight wall templates are overlapped at an angle, and the exact angle of the clearance size is controlled by the support frame.

[0030] 2Support adjustment system The support and adjustment system of the slipform is mainly composed of a lifting frame, a support frame, connecting bolts and other accessories.

[0031] 1) Lifting frame The lifting frame is the jack frame, which is the main component for installing the jack and connecting with the formwork. The main function of the lifting frame is to install the hydraulic jack, bear the lifting load of the entire slipform system, and transfer the friction of concrete pouring on the formwork, the gravity and friction of the formwork and other loads to the jack through the lifting frame, and then to the support rod through the jack, and then to the concrete through the support rod. The lifting frame is mainly welded by steel and steel plates.

[0032] 2) Support frame The support frame is mainly welded by channel steel, steel pipe and connecting plate, and it is used to balance and offset the lateral pressure of concrete on the formwork.

[0033] 3. Operating platform system The slipform is equipped with three operating platforms: upper, middle and lower. The upper operating platform is used for general construction work, the middle operating platform is used to operate the formwork, and the lower platform is used to trim the wall. All platforms are connected to the formwork and lifting frame through connecting bolts.

[0034] 1) Plastering platform The finishing platform is located at the bottom and is made of angle steel. Its main function is to provide a platform for construction workers to finish concrete walls or modify exposed concrete surfaces, check the quality of concrete, and water and maintain. Safety guardrails are set on the outside of the platform and are hung with safety nets. There are two ladders in the platform for construction workers to go up and down. The width of the platform frame is set to 1.2m.

[0035] 2) Steel bar platform The steel bar platform is located above the plastering platform. It is made of angle steel and covered with steel scaffolding. The slipform hydraulic station is placed on the steel bar platform. Its main functions are to place steel bars, inspect formwork, install and adjust the inclination of formwork, and disassemble formwork, providing construction workers with a platform for tying steel bars and operating the hydraulic station.

[0036] 3) Fabric platform The material distribution platform is located above the lifting frame, formwork and support frame. It is composed of steel pipe keels, keel clips, steel scaffolding boards, etc. It is mainly used to place and install the central rotating material distribution mechanism and personnel for construction work, and provides a place for temporary storage of materials such as steel bars, concrete, embedded parts, and small spare machines such as jacks and vibrators. The material distribution platform has a large area and is a guarantee platform for construction workers to work safely. No gaps should be left when laying the platform board.

[0037] 4Hydraulic lifting control system The hydraulic lifting and control system is mainly composed of a hydraulic control station, oil circuits, hydraulic jacks, support rods and support rod recovery auxiliary mechanisms.

[0038] 1) Hydraulic control station The hydraulic control station is the control center of the hydraulic transmission system. The working process of the hydraulic station is as follows: the motor drives the oil pump to operate, and the oil in the oil tank is sent to the hydraulic distributor through the reversing valve after the pressure is controlled by the overflow valve, and then the oil is input into the jack through the oil pipe, so that the jack climbs along the support rod. When the piston has traveled the full stroke, the reversing valve changes the flow direction of the oil, and the oil in the jack returns to the oil tank through the oil pipe, the hydraulic distributor, and the reversing valve. Each working cycle can make the jack drive the template system to climb one stroke.

[0039] 2) Oil circuit The oil circuit is the hydraulic passage connecting the hydraulic control station and the jack, and is mainly composed of components such as oil pipes, pipe joints, hydraulic distributors and one-way stop valves.

[0040] 3) Jack The power device of the slipform uses a GYD-60 ball-through hydraulic jack. Its rated lifting capacity is 60kN, working lifting capacity is 30kN, theoretical stroke is 35mm, actual stroke is 20-30mm, working pressure is 8MPa, deadweight is 25kg, external dimensions are 160×160×400mm, suitable for 48mm diameter, 3.5mm wall thickness steel pipe support rod, the jack is installed on the lifting frame beam, the position is within the steel bar range of the concrete around the well body, the diameter of the jack center is 48mm, the wall thickness of the 3.5mm steel pipe is inserted in the concrete.

[0041] The shaft slipform is equipped with 35 jacks and 4 spare jacks. The GYD-60 ball-through hydraulic jack has a 48mm diameter and 3.5mm thick steel pipe connected with a joint.

[0042] The climbing of the slipform is achieved by clamping the steel pipe with a jack, and each time it is lifted by about 20 to 30 mm, so as to observe whether the concrete protective layer falls off. If the demolding requirements are met, it will be lifted continuously to raise the slipform by 20 to 30 cm.

[0043] 4) Support rod The supporting rods are welded steel pipes with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3.5mm. The welding method is adopted. Before the joint enters the jack, more than three points are spot welded and the welds are smoothed. After passing through the jack, the surrounding welding is performed; all supporting rods are set in the concrete structure and are not recycled. The first batch of supporting rods inserted into the jack has 5 lengths, namely 4m, 4.5m, 5m, 5.5m and 6m. The height difference between two adjacent joints should not be less than 0.5m. The height positions of the supporting rod joints are staggered so that the number of joints at the same section does not exceed 25% of the total number of joints.

[0044] 5Concrete feeding system A receiving hopper is set up at the mouth of the outgoing shaft to receive the concrete tank truck unloading. The lower part of the receiving hopper is connected to a chute with a descender for material discharge. The bottom of the chute is connected to the hopper of the central rotating concrete distribution system by a chute overlap connection for material discharge; the chute is a Ф216×3.5mm steel pipe, with a single section length of 3m, connected by flange bolts. A descender is set up every 12 to 15m on the chute to buffer the concrete when it flows down and reduce the separation of aggregates when the concrete is discharged. The descender can be a MY-BOX descender. 6-center rotary concrete placing system The central rotary concrete placing system is mainly composed of a rotary material distribution mechanism bracket, a ladder, a placing pipe mouth working platform, a rotating shaft, a concrete hopper, a chute, a chute bracket, a supporting trolley under the chute, an outer track platform of the supporting trolley and an inner track platform of the supporting trolley.

[0045] The central rotary concrete placing system is installed on the central drum ring. The rotary hopper can be rotated around the axis by manual push. According to the pouring sequence, it rotates to the corresponding chute of the distributor into the warehouse.

[0046] 1) Rotating material distribution mechanism bracket The support of the rotating material distributing mechanism is mainly made of channel steel and installed on the lifting frame to play a supporting role.

[0047] 2) Climb the ladder The ladder is made of angle steel and connected to the bracket of the rotating material distribution mechanism with bolts. Its main function is to allow construction workers to go up and down.

[0048] 3) Material distribution pipe opening working platform The working platform of the material distribution pipe mouth is made of angle steel, connected to the rotating shaft with bolts, and rotates with the rotating shaft. Its main function is to allow construction personnel to check the hopper and concrete feeding conditions.

[0049] 4) Rotation axis The rotating shaft is mainly composed of seamless steel pipe, thrust bearing, outer sleeve and flange. The upper end is connected to the hopper with bolts, the lower end is connected to the rotating material distribution mechanism bracket with bolts, and the side is connected to the chute bracket.

[0050] 5) Concrete rotary hopper The concrete rotary hopper is made of steel plate, and the lower side is connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft with bolts.

[0051] 6) Chute and chute bracket The chute is made of steel plate, with one end larger than the other, which is easy to overlap and the upper end is connected to the side of the hopper. The chute bracket is made of channel steel, the upper end is connected to the ear plate on the side of the rotating shaft with bolts, and the lower end is connected to the supporting trolley under the chute to support the chute.

[0052] 7Construction precision control system The construction precision control system mainly includes: limit leveler, leveling target, centering line hammer and laser leveler. The limit leveler can control the climbing height of the jack each time and is set at a certain distance above the jack; the laser leveler can ensure the height consistency of the limit leveler and ensure that the jack climbs to the same height each time; the leveling target cooperates with the centering line hammer to adjust the horizontality of the entire sliding formwork system to prevent slippage. The leveling target and the centering line hammer are both installed in the center drum ring, and the laser leveler is installed on the center drum ring.

[0053] Slipform production, installation and debugging Assemble component numbers, pop up assembly line → measure and lay out → install lifting frame → install support frame → install vertical back ribs, connect formwork to lifting frame → install jacks and support rods → install material distribution platform keels, lay material distribution platform boards → install center rotating material distribution mechanism bracket → install center rotating material distribution mechanism rotating shaft → install rotating hopper → install chute bracket → install chute → install operating platform, railings and platform decking → after the hydraulic system test is qualified, insert the support rod in the middle of the through-type hydraulic jack, one end of the steel pipe contacts the rough surface of the concrete, so that the jack clamps the steel pipe → install circuits and water, communication, signal precision control and observation devices → after checking all detailed structures, turn on the power, start the motor boost, and lift the entire slipform by 10 to 20 cm → the slipform device is assembled, check and correct → when the slipform climbs 3m high, install the steel platform and the facing platform, lay the scaffolding → hang the safety net.

[0054] Concrete construction The construction procedure of slipform concrete in the outlet shaft is as follows: construction preparation → installation of slipform → acceptance of slipform → slipform construction → installation of steel bars and embedded parts and extension of support rods → warehouse clearance and acceptance → concrete mixing and transportation → warehousing and vibration of concrete → warehouse closing and plastering → maintenance.

[0055] After the concrete is transported to the site, it passes through the receiving hopper arranged at the wellhead and flows along the chute in the well to the rotating hopper in the middle of the slipform distributor, and then through the rotating hopper, it rotates to the corresponding chute of the distributor and is led to each partition wall and side wall bin. It is manually leveled and vibrated to be dense using a vibrator. The vibration standard is that the concrete does not sink significantly, does not overflow, and no bubbles emerge around. During the vibration process, the vibrator shall not exceed 50mm above the lower concrete layer, and shall not be close to the formwork, steel bars, climbing poles and embedded parts to ensure that the steel bars do not move. If necessary, it shall be supplemented by manual compaction. Vibration should be stopped when the formwork slides up.

[0056] Sliding mode The sliding of the template is divided into three stages: initial sliding, normal sliding and completion sliding.

[0057] 1. Initial sliding stage of the template The initial sliding is an important part of the sliding. Its purpose is to observe the strength development of concrete and determine the demoulding time so as to conduct a comprehensive inspection and adjustment of the sliding formwork system and check whether each jack is in place. Since the pressurization and oil return time of each jack are not completely consistent, the jack with abnormal sliding should be replaced.

[0058] The purpose of the trial slide is to observe the actual setting of the concrete and whether the bottom concrete has reached the demoulding strength. Since the initial demoulding time is difficult to grasp, it must be determined by sampling tests on site.

[0059] The initial sliding of the slipform should be carried out slowly. During the sliding process, a comprehensive inspection should be made on the hydraulic device, formwork structure and load conditions of related facilities. Problems should be dealt with in a timely manner and strictly followed in the following six steps: the first layer is poured with 3 to 5 cm thick cement mortar (the new and old concrete surfaces can be well combined), and then poured in layers of 30 cm thickness (the total thickness reaches 45 cm) and then starts to slide 5 cm. At the same time, check whether the demoulding time is appropriate; after the third layer is poured, the formwork slides 10 to 15 cm; continue to pour the fourth layer, and then slide 15 to 20 cm; after the sixth layer is poured, it slides another 20 to 30 cm. If there is no abnormality, it can enter the normal sliding stage.

[0060] The initial sliding of the formwork should be carried out slowly, and during this process, the lifting system, hydraulic control system, disk surface and deformation of the formwork should be fully checked. If any problems are found, they should be dealt with in a timely manner. Normal pouring and sliding can only be carried out after everything is normal.

[0061] 2. Normal sliding stage After the initial sliding and inspection and adjustment, the sliding form can slide normally. During normal sliding, it slides 20 to 30 cm each time. During sliding, if the demoulding concrete still flows, collapses or has a wavy surface, it means that the demoulding strength of the concrete is low and the sliding speed should be slowed down; if the demoulding concrete surface is not wet, feels hard when pressed by hand or is accompanied by cracks on the concrete surface, it means that the demoulding strength is high and the sliding speed should be accelerated.

[0062] During the normal sliding of the template, all jacks should be fully supplied and returned with oil. If the oil pressure increases and the hydraulic jack lifting is abnormal, the lifting operation should be stopped immediately, the cause should be checked and handled in time. During the sliding process, the operating platform should remain horizontal, the relative height difference of each jack during the lifting should not be greater than 20mm, and the height difference of the jacks on two adjacent lifting frames should not be greater than 10mm. In order to control the level of the operating platform, effective horizontal observations should be carried out at any time during the sliding process, so that leveling measures can be taken in time to correct the horizontal height difference. At the same time, the deviation values ​​of the structural verticality, torsion and structural cross-sectional dimensions should be checked and recorded at any time, and corresponding corrective measures should be taken.

[0063] 3. Complete the slide When the formwork slides to about 1m from the final elevation, the sliding form enters the completion sliding stage. At this time, the sliding speed should be slowed down and the wellhead should be accurately leveled with concrete to ensure the correct top elevation and position.

[0064] After the concrete pouring is completed, the formwork continues to slide up until the concrete and the formwork are completely separated. At this stage, the speed of the sliding formwork must be strictly controlled.

[0065] 4. Template sliding control When the construction enters normal pouring and sliding, continuous construction should be maintained as much as possible, and a dedicated person should be assigned to observe and analyze the surface conditions of the concrete, determine the reasonable sliding speed and layered pouring thickness according to the site conditions, and control the demoulding strength at 0.2MPa~0.4MPa; identification should be made based on the following conditions: a "rustling" sound can be heard during the sliding process, the concrete out of the mold has no flow or cracking, it feels hard when pressed by hand, and there are fingerprints of about 1mm left, and it can be smoothed with a trowel. During the sliding process, a dedicated person should check the condition of the jack, observe whether the indentation and stress state on the climbing rod are normal, and check the horizontality of the sliding mold center line and the operating panel.

[0066] Precision Control of Sliding Mode Lifting 1. To ensure effective inspection of whether the slipform is twisted or deflected, and to ensure that the structural shape of the lining concrete meets the design requirements, it is planned to set 8 heavy hammer wires on the wall of the outlet shaft to the material distribution platform of the slipform. The wire rope is fixed to the wall of the outlet shaft with a winch and steel bars, and the wire rope is lifted upward with the lifting of the slipform. The four vertical lines are located at the center of the four rounded corners, and the other four vertical lines are located at the center line of the side wall of the shaft.

[0067] 2. Sliding formwork level control: One is to use the synchronizer of the jack for level control, and the other is to use a level to measure and check the level.

[0068] 3. During the construction process, the horizontal deviation of the sliding formwork should be checked every 2 hours and recorded so as to timely understand the operating status of the sliding formwork, correct the deviation in time and keep records.

[0069] 4. Stop sliding measures and construction joint treatment The stoppage of the sliding form includes normal stoppage and special stoppage. Normal stoppage means that the sliding form stops when it rises to the predetermined pile number. Stoppage under special circumstances includes stoppage caused by failure and other factors. After the stoppage, the following measures should be taken: The concrete should be poured on the same horizontal surface when the sliding stops. After the concrete is poured, the formwork should be lifted as a whole every 1 hour or so, 20 to 50 mm each time, and this should be continued for more than 4 hours until the concrete and the formwork do not stick together, and the concrete on the formwork should be cleaned and the release agent should be applied. When continuing construction, the hydraulic system should be fully inspected; in case of stoppage caused by special circumstances, the concrete surface should be roughened according to the construction joint, and then the residue on the concrete surface should be removed before resuming work, rinsed with water, and a layer of cement mortar should be poured first, and then the concrete should be poured.

[0070] Concrete curing The lower platform of the slipform is used as the construction platform for concrete surface finishing and maintenance. Concrete surface finishing is a process related to the quality of the structure appearance and protective layer. This work must be carried out immediately after the concrete is demoulded. Generally, a trowel is used to flatten or repair the concrete surface with slurry. If the surface is flat, no finishing is required. In order to properly maintain the poured concrete, a φ25mm PE hose is laid around the lower platform, and small holes are set on the pipe wall for watering and maintenance.

[0071] Slipform removal 1. Preparation for Slipform Removal Before the mold is removed, the operating personnel should be briefed on safety techniques, and a designated person should be responsible for unified command. The operators should wear safety helmets and wear safety belts when working at height. Unrelated personnel are not allowed to enter the bottom of the shaft, and the safety officer should monitor on site. When the slipform slides to the designated position, the wellhead lifting system should be removed first, and then the formwork should be removed by crane after the slipform is demoulded. Other personnel are strictly prohibited from entering the area around the wellhead. After all the slipform bodies are removed, the formwork should be cleaned and polished in time. 2. Slipform removal method 1) Use lifting equipment to remove all accessories of the central rotating material distribution system.

[0072] 2) Remove the auxiliary equipment on the slipform, such as electrical control box, welding machine, lighting equipment, etc.

[0073] 3) Remove the fabric platform board and fabric platform keel.

[0074] 4) Cut off the excessively high portion of the steel pipe passing through the through-type hydraulic jack.

[0075] 5) Remove the hanging platform frame at the bottom of the slipform lifting frame, remove the connecting bolts and positioning pins between the formworks and other connecting parts, and then remove the scaffolding connecting steel pipes between the lifting frames.

[0076] 6) Remove part of the supporting frame for every lifting frame.

[0077] 7) Separate the formwork from the lifting frame, first lower it and then lift away all the formwork.

[0078] 8) Dismantle the hydraulic station and each hydraulic jack.

[0079] 9) Remove the remaining slipform equipment.

[0080] Problems and treatment measures in slipform construction 1. Deviation control 1) Ensure the manufacturing and installation accuracy of the sliding formwork body and the assembly accuracy is within the allowable range of the specification. In particular, the taper of the template must be consistent to prevent the taper error from causing the template to deflect or rotate when the sliding form is lifted.

[0081] 2) During the slipform construction, observation should be strengthened to timely discover deviations, and the deviations should be corrected in time within the allowable range to avoid hasty correction. A dedicated person should observe the control vertical line of the slipform every 2 hours and keep records. When the deviation of the slipform is within 1cm, measurement should be strengthened. If it exceeds 1cm, the cause of the deviation should be analyzed and corrective measures should be taken in time. When the deviation of the slipform exceeds 1.5cm, compulsory correction measures should be taken.

[0082] 3) During normal construction of the slipform, the horizontal control of the template should be strengthened to ensure the vertical rise of the slipform body. A dedicated person should be assigned to strictly operate a horizontal plane at intervals of 30 cm on each support rod, and the climbing limiter of the slipform jack should be fixed on the horizontal plane to ensure that the slipform jack is automatically leveled within a climbing height of 30 cm, thereby ensuring the vertical rise of the slipform. The climbing stroke of the slipform jack should be strictly controlled, and timely observation and measurement should be made during the sliding process. If deviation is found, it should be adjusted through the stroke adjustment sleeve at the upper end of the jack to ensure that the rising height of all jacks in each stroke is the same. Jacks with problems should be replaced in time.

[0083] 4) Strictly control the thickness of the concrete entering the warehouse, ensuring that the thickness of each concrete layer is 30cm, ensuring the consistency of the strength of the concrete on the mold and the uniform distribution of friction.

[0084] 2. Correction 1) When the deviation of the model is about 1cm: while continuing to strengthen observation, according to the actual situation of the slipform, measures such as changing the direction and order of concrete feeding; changing the storage position of the steel bars on the working plate, and appropriately adjusting the height difference of the working plate can be taken; 2) Common correction measures when the horizontal displacement of the phantom exceeds 1.5cm: The principle of using the jacks to correct the deviation is to stop some of the jacks from working, so that the mold body has a certain inclination angle as a whole, and the mold body rises along the inclination direction to return to the designed position. That is, close one-quarter of the jacks on the offset side of the mold body, and then slide it up 1-2 strokes, and then open all the jacks to slide it up 2-3 strokes. Due to the rigid connection of the mold body, it may slide up as a whole, and the deviation correction cannot be seen. Only by repeating it several times can it be gradually adjusted to the designed position. When correcting the deviation, control the height difference of the sliding formwork plate not to exceed 10cm. When the sliding formwork is close to returning to the designed position, adjust the mold body to a horizontal level in time through the limiter to prevent the correction phenomenon. All deviation correction work should not be done too hastily to avoid accidents such as cracking of the concrete surface, dead bends, deformation of the sliding formwork, bending of the climbing pole, etc.

[0085] 3) Correction of phantom rotation When the sliding formwork body rotates, it is necessary to find out the cause of the rotation in time and take the following measures to deal with it. When the formwork body rotates, it is necessary to use external force to correct the deviation. Usually, the following two methods are used. One method is to loosen the jack fixing bolts in the direction of rotation of the formwork body, and place a wedge-shaped steel plate under the base on the side of the jack's rotation direction to tilt the jack in the opposite direction, so that the climbing rod tilts in the opposite direction, thereby pulling the formwork body to rotate. Another method is to use a guide chain to pull the formwork body in the opposite direction when the formwork body slides up, so that the formwork body rotates in the opposite direction. Or use two 10t screw jacks to cross and obliquely tighten the formwork body on both sides of the formwork body, and generate a force couple when the formwork body slides up, so that the formwork body rotates. When correcting the sliding formwork, lift the formwork body as empty as possible to reduce resistance.

[0086] 4) Correction of large deviations The correction of the mold body can be done by using two correction methods at the same time. When the sliding mold deviation is close to the allowable value of the specification, and the correction measures are ineffective, it is necessary to stop the plate, move the mold body close to the sliding space, find out the cause of the deviation, and re-correct the template size.

[0087] 5) Support rod bending treatment When the support rod is bent, welded steel bars or inclined supports are used. When the bending is serious, it is cut off, and the supporting rod is connected and re-welded to the lower support rod, and a "human" shaped inclined support is welded.

[0088] 6) Template deformation processing For some formworks with minor deformation, support rods are used to pressurize and restore them. When the deformation is serious, the formwork is removed and repaired.

[0089] 3. Treatment of pipe blockage 1) Use a hammer or steel bar to gently tap the chute, and determine where the concrete is blocked based on the feedback sound. Once the location is found, use a hammer to hit and vibrate the blocked location to loosen the concrete inside, allowing it to flow normally.

[0090] 2) If the knocking method still fails to unclog the slide pipe, use electric welding to partially cut off the blocked position to expose the pipe cavity, and use steel bars to unclog it. After the dredging is completed, the external part is repaired by welding.

[0091] 3) When pipe blockage occurs, the blocked pipe section can be directly replaced according to the on-site construction conditions.

[0092] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a slipform lining of a lead-out shaft, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Construction Preparation Survey and stake out and determine the location of the shaft construction area; Arrangement of power supply, water supply and communication systems; Prepare slipform construction equipment and concrete; Step 2: Sliding formwork production, installation and debugging: Install the lifting frame, support frame and vertical back ribs, and connect the formwork to the lifting frame; Install hydraulic jack and support rod; Install the material distribution platform, central rotating material distribution mechanism and chute device; [1] Debug the hydraulic system, complete a trial lift of 10-20cm and adjust the equipment operating parameters; Step 3, slipform lifting and concrete pouring: Initial sliding stage: pour 3-5cm thick cement mortar, slide up 5-10cm, and observe the initial setting strength of the concrete; Normal sliding stage: Each sliding is 20-30mm, and concrete is poured in layers at the same time. The thickness of a single layer does not exceed 30cm, and it is vibrated and compacted; Completion of the sliding stage: When the sliding formwork approaches the designed elevation of 1m, slow down the sliding speed and accurately adjust the elevation and verticality; Step 4, Slipform Construction Accuracy Control: Real-time monitoring of sliding form horizontal and vertical deviations through laser leveling instrument, limit leveling device and vertical monitoring system; When the deviation is within 1 cm, it is gradually corrected by adjusting the sliding mode operation parameters; When the deviation exceeds 1.5cm, stop sliding and correct the deviation; Step 5, dismantling the slipform. After the slipform construction is completed, the formwork, support system and material distribution device are gradually dismantled.

2. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the completion stage of the sliding formwork lifting in step 3, the horizontal deviation of the sliding formwork is monitored in real time by a laser leveling instrument, and the lifting speed and elevation control parameters are adjusted.

3. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the initial sliding stage of step 3, the following operations are also included: Pour the first layer of 3-5cm thick cement mortar; During the 5-10cm sliding process, observe the running status of the sliding form and the demoulding of the concrete; Adjust the sliding speed according to the initial setting strength of concrete.

4. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the vibration operation method is: The vibrator shall not be inserted more than 50mm into the lower concrete layer, and the vibrator shall not touch the formwork, steel bars or embedded parts; During the vibration process, observe that there are no obvious bubbles, sinking or stratification on the concrete surface; After the vibration is completed, stop sliding and continue construction after the concrete reaches the initial setting strength [2].

5. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the following steps are included when adjusting the sliding mode operation parameters for gradual correction and deviation correction [3]: When the slipform deviation is within 1 cm, corrections are made by adjusting the concrete distribution direction, distribution sequence and slipform lifting parameters; When the deviation exceeds 1.5cm, the sliding is stopped and the hydraulic jack is used to adjust the force direction of the sliding form to correct the deviation; When the sliding form has rotational deviation, it can be corrected by padding the base with wedge-shaped steel plates or using guide chains for reverse traction.

6. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5, specifically: gradually dismantle the concrete placing system, operating platform and safety protection devices in a top-down order; Cut off the excess support rods and clean the concrete attached to the formwork surface; Use a crane to remove the slipform parts.

7. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 5, the wall surface finishing operation is also included after the slipform is removed. The finishing includes: using a trowel to flatten the wall surface with slurry; checking whether there are cracks or defects on the wall surface, and repairing the defects if found; and sprinkling water on the wall surface for maintenance after the finishing is completed.

8. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the sliding mode stops due to some reasons during the sliding stage, the following processing steps are also included: After stopping sliding, slide up 20-50mm every hour to prevent the formwork from bonding with the concrete; Before resuming work, the concrete surface of the stopped sliding area shall be roughened and cement mortar shall be poured first; Adjust the sliding form operation parameters to ensure that the sliding form resumes smooth sliding after resuming work.

9. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding form sliding stage also includes a method for processing a pipe blockage, and the method for processing a pipe blockage includes the following steps: Use a hammer to hit the slide pipe and determine the blockage location based on the sound feedback; Use vibration to unclog the blocked part. If the blockage cannot be unclogged, cut the blocked section to clean it. In case of severe blockage, replace the blocked section of the slide pipe.

10. The slipform lining construction method for the outlet shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the concrete curing process after the slipform construction is completed, a φ25mm PE hose is used to sprinkle water along the wall surface. The daily sprinkling time is not less than 6 hours and the curing period is not less than 7 days.

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